DE727476C - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- DE727476C DE727476C DENDAT727476D DE727476DA DE727476C DE 727476 C DE727476 C DE 727476C DE NDAT727476 D DENDAT727476 D DE NDAT727476D DE 727476D A DE727476D A DE 727476DA DE 727476 C DE727476 C DE 727476C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- acetylene
- zinc
- compounds
- ethylene
- solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 claims description 17
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 24
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229940091251 Zinc Supplements Drugs 0.000 description 13
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 13
- WFYPICNXBKQZGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinylacetylene Chemical group C=CC#C WFYPICNXBKQZGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 4
- UEXCJVNBTNXOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenylacetylene Chemical group C#CC1=CC=CC=C1 UEXCJVNBTNXOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JQZGUQIEPRIDMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbut-1-yn-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)C#CO JQZGUQIEPRIDMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000000475 acetylene derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 aliphatic alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052803 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- DPJCXCZTLWNFOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Nitroaniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O DPJCXCZTLWNFOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UZXLOVYBQPDQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butylnaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid;sodium Chemical compound [Na].C1=CC=CC2=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C(CCCC)=CC=C21 UZXLOVYBQPDQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000530268 Lycaena heteronea Species 0.000 description 1
- XNERWVPQCYSMLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenylpropiolic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C#CC1=CC=CC=C1 XNERWVPQCYSMLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UORVCLMRJXCDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propiolic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C#C UORVCLMRJXCDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DJWUNCQRNNEAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc acetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O DJWUNCQRNNEAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZIHQUWYJSTVYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [NH-][N+]([O-])=O Chemical compound [NH-][N+]([O-])=O ZIHQUWYJSTVYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable Effects 0.000 description 1
- AUBDSFLQOBEOPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,5-dien-3-yne Chemical group C=CC#CC=C AUBDSFLQOBEOPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005462 imide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001264 neutralization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012256 powdered iron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003385 sodium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation
- C07C5/08—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon triple bonds
- C07C5/09—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon triple bonds to carbon-to-carbon double bonds
Description
Verführen zur Umwandlung von Acetylen' oder dessen organischen Substitütionsprodukten
in Äthylen oder die entsprechenden Verbindungen der Äthylenreihe
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß man unter wesentlich besserer Ausnutzung des Zinks und mit besserer Ausbeute Acetylen oder organische Sabstitutionsprodukte des Acetylens in die entsprechenden Verbindungen der Äthylenreihe überführen kann, wenn man Acetylen oder eines seiner organischen Substitutionsprodukte mit wäBrig alkalischen Suspensionen von Zinkstaub behandelt. Hierbei können noch als Aktivatoren solche Metalle zugegeben werden, die mit dem Zink galvanische Elemente zu bilden vermögen. Überraschenderweise entsteht bei der Hydrierung nach dem vorliegenden Verfahren nur verhältnismäßig wenig freier Wasserstoff, so daß die Ausnutzung des Zinks sehr giinstig ist. Außerdem verläuft die Hydrierung der Acetylenbindung nur bis zur Äthylenbindung, ohne daß wesentliche Mengen der entsprechenden gesättigten Verbindungen gebildet werden. Auch wenn man Acetylenverbindungen hydriert, die außer dreifachen Bindungen noch Olefindoppelbindungen enthalten, bleibt die Hydrierung auf die dreifache Bindung beschränkt.It has now been found that one can utilize significantly better of zinc and, with a better yield, acetylene or organic substitution products of acetylene can be converted into the corresponding compounds of the ethylene series, if you use acetylene or one of its organic substitution products with aqueous treated with alkaline suspensions of zinc dust. Can still be used as activators those metals are added which form galvanic elements with the zinc capital. Surprisingly, the hydrogenation according to the present process only relatively little free hydrogen, so that the Utilization of the zinc is very favorable. In addition, the hydrogenation of the acetylene bond takes place only up to the ethylene bond, without significant amounts of the corresponding saturated Connections are formed. Even if you hydrogenate acetylene compounds, the except triple bonds still contain olefin double bonds, the hydrogenation remains limited to the triple bond.
Geeignete aktivierend wirkende Metalle, die mit Zink galvanische Elemente zu bilden vermögen, sind z. B. Kupfer, Mangan, Eisen, Kobalt und Nickel. Die zur Aktivierung erforderlichen Zusätze sind meist sehr gering. Durch einen einfachen Vorversuch kann man mühelos feststellen, welche Kombination für die jeweils durchzuführende -Hydrierung am geeignetsten ist.Suitable activating metals, the galvanic elements with zinc able to form, are z. B. copper, manganese, iron, cobalt and nickel. The for Activation required additives are usually very small. With a simple A preliminary test can easily be determined which combination is to be carried out in each case -Hydrogenation is most suitable.
Die Hydrierung kann so geleitet werden, daß das Zink im Laufe des Prozesses vollständig als Zinkat in Lösung geht. Am zweckmäßigsten erfolgt dann die Regeneration des Zinks durch Elektrolyse der Zinkatlösung, da hierbei das Zink in so fein verteilter Form anfällt, daß es sich ohne «eitere Behandlung sofort zur Wiederverwendung eignet.The hydrogenation can be conducted so that the zinc in the course of Process goes completely into solution as zincate. Most appropriately then takes place the regeneration of the zinc by electrolysis of the zincate solution, as this is the zinc is obtained in such finely divided form that it can immediately be used without any further treatment Reuse is suitable.
Für die Herstellung der wäßrigen alkalischen Lösungen kann man solche Metalloxyde und =hydroxyde benutzen, die sich in Wasser mit alkalischer Reaktion lösen. Insbesondere eignen sich die Ätzalkalien Natrium- und Kaliumhydroxyd, da man mit diesen Lösungen hohe Konzentration herstellen kann. Auch mit Lösungen von Erdalkalihydroxyden läßt sich indessen die Umsetzung durchführen. Gewünschtenfalls kann man den wäßrigen Lösungen noch organische Lösungsmittel zusetzen, die ein gutes Lösungsvermögen, für die Acetylenverbindungen besitzen und unter den Umsetzungsbedingungen nicht angegriffen werden, wie z. B. aliphatische Alkohole. Auch kann die Hydrierung in Anwesenheit indifferenter Stoffe, z. B. indifferenter Gase, .durchgeführt werden. Oft ist es vorteilhaft, in Gegenwart dispergierend oder netzend wirkender Stoffe zu arbeiten, um eine möglichst innige Berührung aller Umsetzungsteilnehnier zu erzielen. .Such solutions can be used for the preparation of the aqueous alkaline solutions Use metal oxides and = hydroxyde, which are alkaline in water to solve. In particular, the caustic alkalis sodium and potassium hydroxide are suitable because one can produce high concentration with these solutions. Also with solutions from Alkaline earth hydroxides can, however, carry out the reaction. If so desired you can add organic solvents to the aqueous solutions, which are a good one Solvent power for which acetylene compounds have and under the reaction conditions not attacked, such as B. aliphatic alcohols. Hydrogenation can also be used in the presence of indifferent substances, e.g. B. indifferent gases. Performed. It is often advantageous to be in the presence of dispersing or wetting substances to work in order to achieve the closest possible contact to all implementation participants. .
Im allgemeinen genügt es, bei. gewöhnlichem Druck und gewöhnlicher oder mäßig erhöhter Temperatur zu arbeiten doch kann der Hydrierungsprozeß auch bei beliebigen anderen Drucken innerhalb weiter Temperaturgrenzendurchgeführt werden.In general, it is sufficient if. ordinary pressure and ordinary or to work at a moderately elevated temperature but the hydrogenation process can also can be carried out at any other pressures within wide temperature limits.
Das Verfahren kann kontinuierlich oder diskontinuierlich oder im Kreislauf durchgeführt werden. Beispielsweise kann man im kontinuierlichen Betrieb in der Weise arbeiten, daß in einem mit verschiedenen überei»-anderliegenden Schnellrührern ausgestattete» Reaktionsturm am oberen Ende Zinkstaul) und Natronlauge zugegeben wird, am unteren Ende die Zinkätlösung kontinuierlich abgezogen wird während die gasförmigen Acetylenverbindungen am' unteren Turmende eingeleitet und die Hydrierungsprodükte am oberen Ende entnommen werden.The process can be continuous or discontinuous or in a cycle be performed. For example, in continuous operation in the Work in a way that in one place with various high-speed stirrers lying one above the other equipped »reaction tower at the top end of zinc dust) and sodium hydroxide solution were added is, at the lower end of the zinc acetate solution is continuously withdrawn while the gaseous acetylene compounds introduced at the 'lower end of the tower and the hydrogenation products can be removed at the top.
Das vorliegende Verfahren läßt sich. praktisch auf alle Verbindungen mit dreifachen Kohlenstoffverbindungen anwenden, z. B. auf Acetylen, Phenylacetvlen, Monovinyl- und Divinylacetylen, Methylbutinol, Propiolsäure, Phenylpropiolsäure und viele andere Acetylenabkömmlinge.The present procedure can be. practically on all connections apply with triple carbon compounds, e.g. B. on acetylene, phenyl acetylene, Monovinyl and divinylacetylene, methylbutynol, propiolic acid, phenylpropiolic acid and many other acetylene derivatives.
Man hat bereits vorgeschlagen, organische Verbindungen mit Carbonyl-, Nitro-, Amid-oder Imidgruppen durch Behandeln mit Zinkstaub in wäßrig alkalischem Medium zu reduzieren. Dabei erhält man Verbindungen,' deren Hydrierbarkeit gegenüber der der Ausgangsstoffe - beträchtlich herabgesetzt ist, ja, in manchen Fällen führt die Reduktion, z. B. beim o-Nitranilin, sogar bis zur weitest möglichen Reduktionsstufe. Da zwischen der Hydrierbarkeit. v()ii Acetylen- und Äthylenverbindungen I<eiii iicnnenswerterUnterschied `besteht, .ist es ül)errascliend, daß man bei der Behandlung @-<m Acetylenverbindungen mit Zink in wäßrig alkalischem Medium Äthylenverbindungeii wid nicht die vollständig hydrierten Verbindungen erhält. Die bekannte partielle -I-lydrierung von Acetylenverbindungen mit oder ohne olefinische Doppelbindung mit verkupfertem Zinkstaub in wäßrig neutralem Medium, die, wie bereits ausgeführt wurde, nur unbefriedigend zu Äthylenverbinclungen führt, ließ ebenfalls keine Schlüsse zu, daß die Reduktion zu Äthylenverbindungen in alkalischem Medium überhaupt gelingen würde, denn der Chemismus beider Reduktionsweisen ist, wie die Reduktion des Nitrobenzols zeigt, ganz ver= schieden.It has already been proposed to use organic compounds with carbonyl, Nitro, amide or imide groups by treatment with zinc dust in an aqueous alkaline solution Reduce medium. This gives compounds whose hydrogenatability is opposite that of the starting materials - is considerably reduced, yes, in some cases it leads the reduction, e.g. B. with o-nitroaniline, even up to the greatest possible reduction level. Since between the hydrogenatability. v () ii acetylene and ethylene compounds I <eiii If there is a noteworthy difference, it is surprising that one in the treatment @ - <m Acetylene compounds with zinc in an aqueous alkaline medium Äthylenverbindungeneii will not preserve the fully hydrogenated compounds. The well-known partial -I-Hydrogenation of acetylene compounds with or without an olefinic double bond with copper-plated zinc dust in an aqueous neutral medium, which, as already stated, leads only unsatisfactorily to ethylene compounds, likewise did not lead to any conclusions to that the reduction to ethylene compounds in an alkaline medium succeed at all because the chemistry of both modes of reduction is like the reduction of nitrobenzene shows very different.
Beispiel z Durch eine gut gerührte Suspension von 50o g Zinkstaub
in einer Lösung von 300 g Ätznatron in 3 1 Wasser leitet 'man bei gewöhnlicher
Temperatur gasförmiges Monovinylacetylen mit solcher Geschwindigkeit, daß der Durchsatz
in der Stunde etwa 2o 1 beträgt. Im Laufe der Umsetzung setzt man in kleinen Anteilen
noch 15 g fein gepulvertes Eisen hinzu. Die aus der Umsetzungslösung entweichenden
Gase werden durch Kühlung mit Kohlendioxydschnee verflüssigt. Die Umsetzung ist
beendet. wenn sich im Endgas größere Mengen von unverändertem Monovinylacetylen
zeigen.
Beispiel 6 :21 Monovinyläcetylen werden etwa i o Stun_ den lang mit einer Mischung von 5o g 7oo/oigemElektrolytzinkstaub, 3gEisenpulver, i g butylnaphthalinsulfonsaurem - Natrium, 81g Magnesiuinoxyd und 40o ccm Wasser bei io bis 15° geschüttelt. Das hierbei erhaltene Gas enthält i,91 Butadien, sehr wenig Monovinylacetylen. Spuren Butylen und Wasserstoff.Example 6: 21 monovinyl acetylene are used for about 10 hours a mixture of 50 g 700% electrolyte zinc dust, 3 g iron powder, 1 g butylnaphthalenesulfonic acid - Sodium, 81g magnesium oxide and 40o ccm water shaken at 10 to 15 °. That The gas obtained in this way contains 1.91 butadiene and very little monovinylacetylene. traces Butylene and hydrogen.
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