DE69834294T2 - FLUORESCENT LAMP AND LAMP WITH METAL HALOGENIDE - Google Patents

Abstract

A fluorescent lamp ensures categorical color perception for surface colors of at least red, green, blue, yellow and white, while improving the luminous efficiency in scotopic vision and mesopic vision or in a wide visual field, wherein dominant radiation is obtained from a phosphor which has peak emission wavelength in a wavelength region from 530 to 580nm and a region from 600 to 650nm, flux ratio of a phosphor having peak emission wavelength in a wavelength region from 420 to 530nm is set to 4 to 40% of the total flux radiated in the dominant wavelength band, correlated color temperature of the lamp light color is set to 3500K to INFINITY and Duv (distance from perfect radiator locus on uv coordinates) is set within a range from 5 to 70. <IMAGE>

Description

TECHNICAL TERRITORY

The The present invention relates to a high-efficiency illumination light source. which ensures a color rendering level that is a categorical Color perception for at least the surface colors Red Green, Blue, yellow, white and Black allowed on which the categorical color perception of the human sense of sight is based.

The The invention is divided into the following three aspects.

First a fluorescent lamp and a metal halide lamp for providing a high-efficiency illumination light source, which has a large luminous brightness with mesopic and scotopic vision or with a wide field of vision provides, while a color reproduction level is ensured, the the categorical color perception for at least the surface colors Red Green, Blue, yellow, white and Black allowed.

Secondly a fluorescent lamp and a metal halide lamp for providing a Lighting a white in has the light color without causing incongruity when she in conjunction with a conventional one Light source with high color temperature is used, with a color reproduction level ensuring that the categorical color perception for at least the surface colors Red Green, Blue, yellow, white and Black allowed.

thirdly a fluorescent lamp and a metal halide lamp for providing a high-efficiency lighting, which corresponds to a light color to a light bulb without generating an incongruence when in communication with a conventional one Light source with low color temperature is used, with a Color reproduction ensures the categorical color perception for at least the surface colors Red Green, Blue, yellow, white and Black allowed.

STATE OF TECHNOLOGY

Out JP 5866247 is a fluorescent lamp with high color range properties and high luminous efficiency is known.

In usual The spectral characteristics of the lamps are provided by comparing the color rendering quality a general color rendering index (Ra) with respect to a reference light source (blackbody radiation, Daylight) is evaluated. In contrast, the Japanese give Patent Application No. JAP-HEI 7-242863 (of 21 September 1995) and PCT / JP96 / 02618 based on this Japanese patent application a method for optimizing the design of the spectral properties considering of the human sense of sight, which can only roughly grasp colors (categorical color perception).

With this method can high-efficiency light sources are provided which have a color rendering level Make sure of a categorical color perception of at least the surface colors Red Green, Blue, yellow, white and Black allowed on which the categorical color perception of the human sense of sight. The light source for highly efficient Realizing the categorical color perception will be among others obtained by the fact that the wavelength of the light mainly on the wavelength bands for green and red is concentrated. Such a light source is hereinafter referred to as new highly efficient light source.

The novel high-efficiency light source that provides a highly efficient light emission at fulfillment A minimum requirement of color reproduction may be used for outdoor lighting such as street lighting, etc. be used. For exterior lighting like street lights etc. is not as high color rendering as interior lighting required so that the luminous efficiency of the light source in the Foreground can be provided.

The novel highly efficient light source is also obtained by: the distance from Planck's area to the uv color coordinates (Δuv) 0 or positive.

The area where the distance from the Planckian area (Δuv) is 0 or higher corresponds to the area allowing categorical color perception of the primary colors with high efficiency. Therefore The high-efficiency light source adopts positive Δuv distance values, as long as the categorical color rendition of the primary colors is maintained. Hereinafter, a range unused in conventional light sources in the range of the positive Δuv values will be described in detail.

When an international standard for the classification of the chromaticity of illumination light sources for Description of the light source colors is the IEC (International Electrotechnical Comission) standard. Use different countries own standards. One of them is the chromaticity classification standard used in Japan for fluorescent lamps, which is specified in JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards).

Of the IEC standard determines the light colors based on the tolerance in relation on a central point, in the neighborhood to the Planckschen Range is set while the JIS upper and lower boundary lines in the neighborhood of the Planck area and defines the area between the Boundary lines specified as tolerable range.

conventional Lamps are designed with the objective that the emission not from the Planck area up (to the positive side the Δuv distance) differs. In this way, a color rendering performance is obtained.

In fact, however is the width of the tolerable range at IEC between 7.5 and 9.5 the Δuv distance in the vertical direction and at JIS between 10 and 19, so in the prior art, illumination light sources with light colors in a range between 0 and 5 of the Δuv distance on the positive Page to be used.

When Standard for the description of the applicable range of the light source the white one Color there is the CIE standard for the signal light color. According to this Standard becomes the range on the positive side of the Δuv distance outside a narrow white one Area specified along the Planck area not used as a white light illumination light source.

It An object of the invention is to give the impression of brightness mesopic view and scotopic view for the novel highly efficient To improve light source. It is known that taking photopic Viewing conditions with high brightness the cone cells of the visual cells are active, under scotopic viewing conditions with low brightness the rod cells The photoreceptors are and under mesopic viewing conditions with a medium brightness both the cone cells and the rod cells are active. The spectral properties of conventional illumination light sources but go exclusively from photopic viewing conditions in which the cone cells are active.

If the novel highly efficient light source is used in the Unlike a conventional one Light source for an exact color reproduction lighting with a relatively low Brightness (for the scotopic and mesopic vision).

It is therefore a first object of the invention, the spectral properties to determine such that a relatively low brightness is provided becomes, whereby the activity the rod cells for the novel high-efficiency light source is taken into account.

It A second object of the invention is to give the impression of brightness in a wide field of view of the novel high-efficiency light source to improve.

The illuminance and luminance are used as photometric magnitudes of brightness, the spectral characteristics of the illuminance and the luminance is based on the spectral characteristics of the brightness, with a viewing angle of 2 ° in the Sehgrube of the eye are measured. Because the eye is not only from a limited area around the Sehgrube around, but also from a wider field of view in the actual lighting environment Receives light, can the actual Impression of the brightness depending on the spectral distribution of the light source from the illuminance differ.

The second object of the invention is therefore the spectral properties the novel high-efficiency light source to set such that when entering into an actual Lighting environment felt Impression of brightness is improved in a wide field of view.

It is a third object of the invention, the whiteness of the light color of the novel to amplify high-efficiency light source. The whiteness of the novel Highly efficient light source is low.

The Invention therefore aims, according to the third Task the whites to increase the novel high-efficiency light source.

It is a fourth object of the invention, an incandescent lamp color for the novel provide highly efficient light source.

The The invention thus aims to give the impression of a light bulb color for the novel to provide a highly efficient light source having a light source a low color temperature.

DESCRIPTION THE INVENTION

A Illumination light source of the invention comprises means for Improving the luminous brightness in mesopic and scotopic View or the luminous brightness with a wide field of vision for the novel highly efficient light source.

These Tasks are achieved by a fluorescent lamp according to one of claims 1 to 4 solved. Advantageous embodiments be through the independent claims specified.

SUMMARY THE DRAWINGS

1 Fig. 4 is a graph showing the spectral characteristics of a fluorescent lamp according to a typical embodiment of the invention.

2 and 3 show a comparison between different relative luminous efficiencies normalized to a peak height of 1.

4 shows the difference between V _{b, 10} (λ) and V _{b, 2} (λ), the difference between V _M (λ) and V (λ), the difference between V ₁₀ (λ) and V (λ) = V ₂ (λ) and the difference between V '(λ) and V (λ).

5 shows the spectral sensitivity of three types of cone cells (S-cone cell, M-cone cells, L-cone cells) of the eye and the spectral sensitivity of the rod cells normalized to a peak height of 1.

6 shows the color range of the fluorescent lamp of the invention (claims 3, 4) on the xy chromaticity coordinate plane.

7 shows the theoretical efficiency of the light on the xy chromaticity coordinate plane.

8th shows the correction factor F of the luminance on the xy chromaticity coordinate plane.

9 shows points in the spectrum of single colors.

10 shows color values x, y of the light sources 17 (1a) to 21 (1e) and the regression line 22 (y = 0.43x + 0.8) thereof on the xy chromaticity coordinate plane.

11 shows the relationship between the color values (x, y) a: (0.228, 0.351), b: (0.358, 0.551), c: (0.525, 0.440), d: (0.453, 0.440), e: (0.285, 0.332) , the straight line 23 (y <-0.43x + 0.60) and the color name of the light source according to claims 13 and 14.

12 to 16 show the spectral distributions of the light sources (1f) to (1j) formed by 20W fluorescent lamps.

17 shows the spectral properties when the novel highly efficient light source is realized by the fluorescent lamp.

18 shows the color value range 25 which is represented by the color values a: (0.228, 0.351), b: (0.358, 0.551), c: (0.525, 0.440), d: (0.453, 0.440), e: (0.285, 0.332), (y <-0 , 43x + 0.60) on the chromaticity coordinate plane according to claims 13 and 14 of the invention.

19 shows 21 Light colors from t1 to t21 on the xy chromaticity coordinate plane.

20 shows the acceptance rate of the test lamps with an incandescent color with respect to the chromaticity point (x, y).

21 shows the relationship between the points 1 to v according to claim 21 of the invention and the curve 23 ,

22 shows the light color range of JIS qualified reference fluorescent lamps.

23 to 26 show the spectral distribution of an embodiment with a fluorescent lamp when the flux ratio LAP: VOX is varied.

27 shows the spectral distribution of a fluorescent lamp according to another embodiment of the invention.

28 shows the relationship between the value V '(λ) / V (λ) and the different light sources.

29 shows the relationship between the value V ₁₀ (λ) / V (λ) and the different light sources.

PREFERRED Embodiment THE PRESENT INVENTION

The novel highly efficient light source provides a light source high efficiency, ensuring a color reproduction level which is the categorical color perception for at least the surface colors Red Green, Blue, yellow, white and Black allowed by the radiant energy on a wavelength band concentrated, mainly from green and red exists. Furthermore is in the first embodiment the invention, a radiation in the blue or blue-green band added about the luminous brightness in mesopic view or more scotopic Vision or to improve the luminous brightness in a wide field of vision.

A fluorescent lamp as a typical embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG 1 shown.

The solid line 1 in 1 shows the spectral distribution that is generated when the invention is realized by fluorescent lamps. The dashed line 2 Figure 12 shows the spectral distribution produced when the novel high-efficiency light source is formed by a fluorescent lamp. According to the invention, the luminous brightness as in 1 shown to be improved in mesopic and scotopic vision and in a wide field of view over the novel high-efficiency light source by emphasizing the relative power of the spectral properties of blue or cyan. The basis for this will be explained in detail below.

The Reaction properties on the brightness of light depends on Spectrum and is called relative luminous efficiency or relative Light efficiency function called. The brightness of the lighting is generally determined by the CIE (Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage) defined spectrum light efficiency function in photopic view (hereinafter referred to as V (λ) designated). This is based on the sensitivity properties the cone cells to brightness, when the eyes to a bright Environment accustomed have, i. in photopic view. It is well known that that Center of sensitivity under this condition is 555 nm, where illumination light sources are usually based on efficiency of the spectral characteristics with respect to V (λ).

Farther is defined by the CIE (International Illumination Commission) Spectral light efficiency function in scotopic view (hereafter designated as V '(λ)) as an evaluation criterion based on the sensitivity characteristics the rod cells used on brightness when the eyes are in a dark environment used have, i. in scotopic view. It is known that the sensitivity peak under this condition is 507 nm.

It is assumed that in a mesopic visual environment where the brightness is between that in the photopic and the scotopic view, the eyes operate with a relative luminous efficiency in between. The properties vary depending on that the eye adapts to the environment.

The Sensitivity of the eye for Light is in the blue or blue-green band in scotopic or mesopic view higher than in photopic view. The efficiency or luminous brightness can so be improved by the blue or blue-green portion the spectrum of the novel high-efficiency light source is increased, the common in an environment with a lower level of illumination than conventional ones Lighting light sources is used, which is usually for efficiency aligned in photopic vision.

It However, there are several modifications of V (λ).

Hereinafter, the modified color matching function of Judd (hereinafter referred to as V _M (λ)) will be described first. This modification is based on the fact that V (λ) assigns lower values to the blue band in the shorter wavelength range. Although V _M (λ) more accurately reflects the actual response, a change in the photometric system is not beneficial. The modified function is therefore not used for evaluating the brightness of lamps, although this is authorized by CIE Publication No. 86: 2 ° Spectral luminous efficiency function for photopic vision (1990).

The following describes a relative luminous efficiency model based on a different field of view than V (λ). In this case, V (λ) is replaced by V ₂ (λ), which is formed on the basis of the central view with a viewing angle of 2 ° in the visual pit, where the visual acuity is greatest. However, there is another function V ₁₀ (λ) which is formed on the basis of a wider field of view (10 °) and is recommended in CIE 1964 as a supplemental photometric system.

Because the light entering the eye in an actual environment is not limited to the light coming from a narrow field of view, but also includes light coming from a wider field of view, it is assumed that V ₁₀ (λ) is the actual situation for evaluating the Brightness impression in a wider field of view better reproduces.

The Penny cells include S-cone cells (blue), which have a higher sensitivity for a short time wavelength have, R-cone cells (red), which has a higher sensitivity for long wavelength have, and M-cone cells (green), which has a higher sensitivity for medium wavelength exhibit. Because few S-cone cells exist in the Sehgrube are and the S-cone cells in the peripheral vision with a higher concentration are provided, it is believed that a larger field of view greater sensitivity for blue Brings light.

Because the Sehgrube also no rod cells contains and V '(λ) is a relative Luminous efficiency at points remote from the visual pit, it is clear that the blue or blue-green Band a greater weight in correcting the light source brightness for use at lower Lighting and scotopic or mesopic view and at the Correction of the brightness perception has, if in the actual Ambient light falls from a wider field of view to the eye.

V (λ) becomes on the basis of results of a flicker photometry technique, in which the eye is alternately exposed to light of different colors and the flicker is minimized, or based on a sequential one Comparison technique formed in the light, each with slightly different Colors is compared. In contrast, in the following, the relative luminous efficiency described by a direct comparison method in which the brightness is directly compared.

This technique directly obtains the visual perception of brightness and is specified in CIE Publication No. 75: Spectral luminous efficiency functions based upon brightness matching for monochromatic point sources 2 ° and 10 ° fields (1988). The function based on the 2 ° field is denoted as V _{b, 2} (λ), and the function based on the 10 ° field is denoted as V _{b, 10} (λ), in which case the direct visual perception of the Brightness is reproduced well, but no smooth profile is obtained.

The direct comparison method also over-evaluates the sensitivity to blue when the field of view is wider and the difference between _{Vb, 2} (λ) and _{Vb, 10} (λ) is taken into account.

Although V ₁₀ (λ), V _M (λ), V '(λ), V _{b, 2} (λ) and V _{b, 10} (λ) compared to V (λ) the actual situation as a function of time and Reproduced circumstances, they are considered as supporting photometric quantities of brightness and are not used for the evaluation of the brightness and the development of ordinary lamps.

However, in an actual situation, when these evaluation functions V ₁₀ (λ), V _M (λ), V '(λ), V _{b, 2} (λ) and V _{b, 10} (λ) are used, the effective luminous brightness of the novel high-efficiency light source, which is usually used at relatively low illuminance.

2 and 3 compare different relative luminous efficiencies normalized to a peak height of 1. This shows 2 V (λ), V ₁₀ (λ), V _M (λ) and V '(λ) and FIG 3 V _{b, 2} (λ) and V _{b, 10} (λ), which are obtained by a psychophysical technique different from that for V (λ), where V (λ) is shown as a reference.

On the basis of the above explanations shows 4 the difference between the different relative luminous efficiencies as the difference between V _{b, 10} (λ) and V _{b, 2} (λ), as the difference between V _M (λ) and V (λ), as the difference between V ₁₀ (λ) and V (λ) = V ₂ (λ) and as the difference between V '(λ) and V (λ).

If these different dimensions the relative lighting efficiency is considered, corresponds to positive side of the curve the part that in the conventional V (λ) too is rated low. It becomes clear that the spectral power in blue or blue-green Band is concentrated.

• * Die Spitze der Differenz zwischen V_b,10(λ) und V_b,2(λ) liegt bei 500 nm, wobei sich die Breite bei 50% der Spitzenhöhe in dem Bereich zwischen 460 und 520 nm erstreckt und sich die Breite bei 80% der Spitzenhöhe in dem Bereich zwischen 480 und 505 nm erstreckt.
• * Die Spitze der Differenz zwischen V_M(λ) und V(λ) liegt bei 435 nm, wobei sich die Breite bei 50% der Spitzenhöhe in dem Bereich zwischen 415 und 450 nm erstreckt und sich die Breite bei 80% der Spitzenhöhe in dem Bereich zwischen 420 und 445 nm erstreckt.
• * Die Spitze der Differenz zwischen V₁₀(λ) und V(λ) = V₂(λ) liegt bei 500 nm, wobei sich die Breite bei 50% der Spitzenhöhe in dem Bereich zwischen 465 und 515 nm erstreckt und sich die Breite bei 80% der Spitzenhöhe in dem Bereich zwischen 480 und 505 nm erstreckt.
• * Die Spitze der Differenz zwischen V'(λ) und V(λ) liegt bei 490 nm, wobei sich die Breite bei 50% der Spitzenhöhe in dem Bereich zwischen 445 und 515 nm erstreckt und sich die Breite bei 80% der Spitzenhöhe in dem Bereich zwischen 470 und 505 nm erstreckt.

On closer inspection, the following relationships can be deduced for the peaks and areas of the various measures of relative luminous efficacy.

• * The peak of the difference between V _{b, 10} (λ) and V _{b, 2} (λ) is 500 nm, with the width at 50% of the peak height extending in the range between 460 and 520 nm and the width at 80 % of the peak height extends in the range between 480 and 505 nm.
• * The peak of the difference between V _M (λ) and V (λ) is 435 nm, with the width at 50% of the peak height extending in the range between 415 and 450 nm and the width at 80% of the peak height in the Range extends between 420 and 445 nm.
• The peak of the difference between V ₁₀ (λ) and V (λ) = V ₂ (λ) is 500 nm, with the width at 50% of the peak height extending in the range between 465 and 515 nm and the width at 80% of the peak height extends in the range between 480 and 505 nm.
• The peak of the difference between V '(λ) and V (λ) is 490 nm, with the width at 50% of the peak height extending in the range between 445 and 515 nm and the width at 80% of the peak height in the Range extends between 470 and 505 nm.

• * Die Spitze der Differenz zwischen V_b,2(λ) und V(λ) liegt bei 530 nm, wobei die Breite bei 50% der Spitzenhöhe wegen der Verzerrung der relativen Leuchteffizienz in einen Bereich zwischen 430 und 480 nm und einen Bereich zwischen 510 und 535 nm unterteilt ist und wobei sich die Breite bei 80% der Spitzenhöhe in einem Bereich von 530 ± 2,5 nm erstreckt.
• * Die Spitze der Differenz zwischen V_b,10(λ) und V(λ) liegt bei 500 nm, wobei sich die Breite bei 50% der Spitzenhöhe in dem Bereich zwischen 450 und 520 nm erstreckt und sich die Breite bei 80% der Spitzenhöhe in dem Bereich zwischen 475 und 510 nm erstreckt.

In addition, the following results are known, which are shown herein by reference only, because they were derived by other techniques and therefore can not be compared directly with the above results.

• * The peak of the difference between _{Vb, 2} (λ) and V (λ) is 530 nm, with the width at 50% of the peak height due to the distortion of the relative luminous efficacy in a range between 430 and 480 nm and a range between 510 and 535 nm, and wherein the width at 80% of the peak height extends in a range of 530 ± 2.5 nm.
• * The peak of the difference between _{Vb, 10} (λ) and V (λ) is 500 nm, with the width at 50% of the peak height extending in the range between 450 and 520 nm and the width at 80% of the peak height in the range between 475 and 510 nm.

Under these conditions, the range to be modified on the positive side of the spectral distribution of 4 explained.

By doing the correction tapes in the wavelength band among the main ones Emission wavelength the novel high-efficiency light source can be combined be concluded that the area to be corrected maximally between 420 and 530 nm extends.

The Invention is based on this area. And with respect to this area Below is a section explaining one particular high effect allows.

Because V _M (λ) primarily represents a correction in the blue wavelength band below 455 nm, where the S-cone cells are active, and many of the corrections are made in the short wavelength range of visible radiation for inherently low sensitivity, the range in which the highest correction effect besides the difference between V _M (λ) and V (λ) is obtained in width at 80% of the peak height between 470 and 530 nm.

5 shows the spectral sensitivity of the three types of cone cells (S-cone cells, M-cone len, L-cone cells) of the eye and the spectral sensitivity of the rod cells, normalized to a peak height of 1.

It It is clear that the active at mesopic and scotopic view rod cells have a spectral sensitivity peak between those the S-cone cells and the M-cone cells lie.

ordinary Illuminating light sources try to be active in photopic vision three types of cone cells (L-cone cells, M-cone cells and L-cone cells) while stimulating the radiation energy the novel highly efficient light source in the green and red ribbons is concentrated, so mainly two types of cone cells (M cone cells and L-cone cells), whereby the r-g complementary color reaction system of the Sehsystems is stimulated.

Because in the design of a conventional Illuminating light source is assumed from the photopic point of view, the spectral sensitivity of the rod cells is not considered. In contrast, the improvement is based on the scotopic and mesopic view and the brightness of light by the technologies of the invention the stimulation of the two types of cone cells (M cone cells and L-cone cells) and rod cells. So it's effective, to the novel highly efficient light source added Part of the radiation energy on the blue-green wavelength band between 470 and 530 nm to reduce the stimulation of the S-cone cells, which contributes less to improving the perception of brightness, and to improve the efficiency of the stimulation of the rod cells.

Because the S-cone cells around the visual pit of the retina around tightly distributed are leads a larger field of view to a stronger one Evaluation of the sensitivity with respect to the S-cone cells. That's why an improvement the luminous brightness in a broad field of view through the technologies The invention can be achieved by the stimulation of dense around the Sehgrube distributed S-Zapfenzellen is emphasized. To this end is it effective to the novel highly efficient light source added Radiation part in the blue band of the wavelengths between 420 and 470 nm to concentrate. Because the areas of relative luminous efficiency the S-cone cell and the rod cells overlap each other in the spectrum, lies the wavelength band, in which the luminous brightness in mesopic and scotopic view and to improve at a wide field of vision is in the range between 420 and 530 nm. However, because the values of relative luminous efficiency in the short wavelength range inherent in visible radiation are low, the range between 470 and 530 nm is emphasized to to improve the above two aspects.

Around the luminous brightness in mesopic and scotopic view or to improve in a wide field of vision while keeping the categorical Color perception for the surface colors Red Green, Blue, yellow and white one Maintained illuminated object is preferably the blue or blue-green Component of the lamp color improved. For this purpose is preferably the correlated color temperature of the lamp color to a high level which, when the correlated color temperature (that of the Index of ordinary Light source colors) is used as an index, preferably on 3500K or higher is set or, alternatively, the color values of the lamp color in the range y <-0.43x + 0.60 are set on the x-y chromaticity coordinate plane.

6 shows the range of light colors generated by the fluorescent lamps of the invention (claims 3, 4) on the xy chromaticity coordinate plane. This can be realized by generating the light colors within the range defined by the three inequalities y <-0.43x + 0.60 of 6 - 3 , y> 0.64x + 01.5 from 6 - 4 and x> 0.16 of 6 - 5 is determined. The reason for this will be described below.

Of the Range y = 0.64x + 0.15 corresponds to the upper limit of the white lamp light to green CIE Technical Report CIE 107-1994: Review of the official recommendations of the CIE for the colors of signal lights specified becomes.

Thus, the invention provides light colors that have values of Δuv distance on the positive side of the light generally used as white light of 6 - 6 and belong to an illumination light area that is not used in the prior art.

The range y <-0.43x + 0.60 results from adding a phosphor having a peak emission wavelength in a range between 420 and 530 nm or a phosphor having a peak emission wavelength in a range between 470 and 530 nm to the novel one highly efficient Light source that emits radiation in the green and red bands, the point at which the coloration diminishes being determined by a visual experiment process.

In the experiment, as a typical example of the novel high-efficiency light source that emits radiation in the green and red bands, a light source is used in which the light comes from one with [chemical formula 1] LaPO ₄ : Ce, Tb (LAP) as green Phosphor-coated fluorescent lamp, and the light is mixed with a fluorescent lamp coated with [chemical formula 2] Y ₂ O ₃ : Eu, (YOX) as a red-light emitting phosphor. The light from this light source is further exposed to light from a fluorescent lamp having [peak emission wavelength] [chemical formula 3] (Sr, Ca, Ba) ₁₀ (PO ₄ ) ₆ Cl ₂ : Eu (SCA) as a blue light-emitting phosphor is coated in a range between 420 and 470 nm, or with light from a fluorescent lamp containing [chemical formula 4] Sr ₄ Al ₁₄ O ₂₅ : Eu (SAE) as a cyan light-emitting phosphor having a peak emission wavelength in a range between 470 and 530 nm, the point at which the coloration is reduced is determined by a subjective rating.

The result of the experiment is in 6 shown. The positions of the light colors of these respective phosphor-coated fluorescent lamps on the xy chromaticity coordinate plane are shown in the drawing: 7 indicates LAP, 8th indicates YOX, 9 indicates SCA and 10 specifies SAE.

The values of the xy chromaticity coordinates of these light colors are as follows:
7 for LAP: x = 0.332, y = 0.540
8th for YOX: x = 0.596, y = 0.332
9 for SCA: x = 0.156, y = 0.079
10 for SAE: x = 0.152, y = 0.356

The point 11 in 6 corresponds to a point at which the coloring of the light source starts to decrease while blue light (chemical formula 3) is gradually mixed with the light emitted by the sample of the novel high-efficiency light source, which is constructed such that the flux ratio of green light [ chemical formula 1] to the red light [chemical formula 2] is LAP (green): YOX (red) = 100.0. The point 12 corresponds to the result of the subjective evaluation experiment with the mixing ratio LAP: YOX = 95: 5. The point 13 corresponds to the result of a similar subjective evaluation result with the mixing ratio LAP: YOX: 90: 10. The point 14 corresponds to the result of a similar subjective evaluation experiment with the mixing ratio LAP: YOX = 85: 15. The point 15 corresponds to the result of a subjective evaluation experiment with the mixing ratio LAP: YOX: 80:20.

Out From results 11 to 15, the regression line becomes y = -0.43x + 0.58 received. Because the subjective rating, however, variations became the second decimal place of the y point of intersection led upwards, so that all points are contained and y <-0.43x + 0.60 (equation 1).

in the The following will be a second embodiment described in the invention, in which the whiteness of the novel highly efficient light source emitted light is amplified.

The point 16 in 6 is a point at which the coloration of the light emitted by the lamp begins to diminish while the cyan light of a phosphor (chemical formula 4) is gradually mixed with the light emitted by the sample which has a flux ratio of LPA (green) : YOX (Red): 80: 20 is built up.

The Result is similar to that of the experiment described above, in which the light emitted from the blue phosphor is mixed which gave the relationship y <-0.43 + 0.60. So it's clear that the main factor in the point where the white begins to be perceived in the mixed light color, the Chromaticity and not the bandwidth of the mixed light. And Equation (1) represents the boundary at which the yellow-greenish light the novel high-efficiency light source to a bluish-green Light changes when the radiation is in the blue or blue-green band is reinforced, because that is because the coloring begins to diminish when the complementary colors blue and yellow cancel each other out.

The range of x> 0.16 represents the tolerable limit for the intensity of the coloring in the direction towards blue or cyan. The points 9 and 10 in 6 reproduce the light colors of fluorescent lamps made using the phosphors of [Chemical Formula 3] and [Chemical Formula 4]. The inequality x> 0.16 is determined taking into account the practical feasibility, so that the Coloring the dots 9 and 10 not included.

Even though the radiation in the blue or blue-green range is the spectrum illumination efficiency in scotopic or mesopic vision or in a wide field of view under the same illuminance (same luminous flux) improves the increase in the radiation in these Areas inherent to reduce the efficiency of the light source, causing the photometric Size V (λ) is concerned. The increase The radiation in these areas causes a relative decrease in the red area, indicating a poorer reproduction of the red Light color has the consequence for important warning signs such as indicating a danger is used.

The radiation intensity of the light is related to the photometric amount of illumination through V (λ), while the efficiency of a monotone having a wavelength of 555 nm at the peak of V (λ) reaches the maximum of 683 lm / W. When the efficiency of light with wavelengths other than 555 nm is lower than 683 lm / W, this relationship becomes 7 in which the theoretical efficiency of the light is plotted on the xy chromaticity coordinate plane.

From this result, it becomes clear that the theoretical efficiency of the light toward the lower right (blue or cyan) decreases on the xy chromaticity coordinate plane. Although it would be expected that light of the same luminance is perceived with the same brightness irrespective of whether it is white light or cyan light, chromatic light is actually perceived as brighter than white light. If the perceived brightness is represented by B and the luminance of the chromatic light is represented by L, then the ratio B / L of the chromatic light on the xy chromaticity coordinate plane changes. The value of log (L) + F (F is a correction factor) corresponds to the brightness B, and the relationship between the luminance correction value F and the position on the xy chromaticity coordinate plane is determined by the luminance correction factor F on the xy chromaticity coordinate plane of FIG 8th played. The correction factor F is presumably required because the Abney law according to which light fluxes with different spectra are additive is not strictly applicable and the profile of V (λ) serving as the basis for the additivity is not complete.

It is clear that the proportion of the correction to the bottom right down (blue or blue-green) increases on the chromaticity coordinate plane. This indicates the undervaluation of V (λ) in the blue or blue-green Area down while the range of light colors on the x-y chromaticity coordinate plane of the invention the theoretically undervalued blue and blue-green light colors covers.

9 shows the positions of pure colors in the spectrum. Pure colors are light stimuli with a wavelength that gives a color perception of pure red, green, blue, and yellow when only a single spectrum is extracted from the wavelengths of light.

If for example, light with an intermediate spectrum between the pure Yellow and the pure green is considered, both a yellowish color and a greenish color are perceived.

9 shows the pure colors red, green, blue and yellow, which are connected to the white color W of the same energy by line segments.

In the theory causes light in the area that is pure yellow, pure green and the white one Color W of the same energy on the x-y chromaticity coordinate plane is defined, the perception of a yellowish and a greenish Colour. If the spectrum deviates from white and the Gaussian spectrum at Edge of monochrome approximates, becomes the coloring intensified.

Theoretically spoken, the yellowish and bluish complementary colors compete on the line (LN), which combine pure green and white, provided the color difference to white is the same is.

The Line LN is the line in the subjective evaluation experiment described above Similar to equation (equation 1), assuming that is the result of subjective evaluation is supported by the theory described above. It is assumed, that the yellowish and bluish coloring compete with each other when the rate of stimulus for the S-cone cells a certain height in terms of the rate of stimulus for the M-cone cells and the Exceeds L-cone cells.

As described above, a light source having a high spectrum illumination efficiency and a reduced color intensity in the coloration of the colored light can be obtained when the color gamut of the Er is used.

Within This area is the use of a series of colors that are close when white are and where the perception of a yellowish green by the perception of a bluish Greens is covered, particularly advantageous, what the Spektraleuchteffizienz and the light color concerns.

In front this background is a novel highly efficient Light source according to a second embodiment the invention for the emission of light with a strengthened whiteness is modified, described in detail.

If the light source of the invention formed by a fluorescent lamp can be, the emitted radiation energy through the use concentrated by rare earth phosphors in a special wavelength band become.

In this embodiment is the phosphor for a peak emission wavelength in the range between 530 and 580 nm with terbium or terbium / cerium activated phosphor, the phosphor is for a range between 600 and 650 nm, a europium or europium / manganese activated phosphor, and are the phosphor for a range between 420 and 530 nm and the phosphor for a Range between 470 and 530 nm each one with europium, europium / manganese, Antimony, manganese or antimony / manganese activated phosphor.

In particular, a phosphor having a peak wavelength band between 530 and 580 nm [chemical formula 1] LaPO ₄ : Ce, Tb, [chemical formula 5] CeMgAl ₁₁ O ₁₉ : Tb, [chemical formula 6] (Ce, Gd) MgB ₅ O ₁₀ : Tb or [Chemical Formula 7] La ₂ O ₃ .0.2SiO ₂ .0.9P ₂ O ₅ : Ce, Tb and is a phosphor for 600 to 650 nm [Chemical Formula 2] Y ₂ O ₃ : Eu or [Chemical Formula 8] (YGd) ₂ O ₃ : Eu. These phosphors for generating a main wavelength are described in the above-mentioned application PCT / JP96 / 02618 (light source).

Examples of phosphors having a peak emission wavelength in a band between 420 and 530 nm are phosphors having a peak wavelength in a range between 420 and 470 nm from [Chemical Formula 9] BaMgAl ₁₀ O ₁₇ : Eu and [Chemical Formula 3] (Sr, Ca, Ba) ₁₀ (PO ₄ ) Cl ₂ : Eu. There are many phosphors having similar chemical compositions, and [chemical formula 10] (Sr, Ca, Ba, Mg) ₁₀ (PO ₄ ) Cl ₂ : Eu with an addition of Mg is also included in the scope of the present invention. And a phosphor having a peak wavelength in a range between 470 and 530 nm is [Chemical Formula 4] Sr ₄ Al ₁₄ O ₂₅ : Eu or [Chemical Formula 11] Ce (Mg, Zn) Al ₁₁ O ₁₉ : Mn.

The Radiation in a range between 420 and 530 nm can be obtained be by using a phosphor layer of two phosphors with Peak emission wavelengths in the ranges between 420 and 470 nm and between 470 and 530 nm is produced. In this case, in addition to the improvements of Light brightness in scotopic and mesopic vision or at In a wide field of vision, the perception of whiteness can be efficiently improved.

Another example of a phosphor radiating in the range between 420 and 530 nm is [Chemical Formula 12] (Ba, Sr) MgAl ₁₀ O ₁₇ : Eu, Mn. The scope of the invention also includes [Chemical Formula 13] BaMgAl ₁₀ O ₁₇ : Eu, Mn which does not contain Sr. With an increase in the concentration of the activation component Eu, the radiation increases in a range between 420 and 470 nm, and with an increase in the concentration of the activation component Mn, the radiation amplifies in a range between 470 and 530 nm. In this case, the ratio between the radiation in the range between 420 and 470 nm and the radiation in the range between 470 and 530 nm can be set by a single phosphor, the hue can be easily selected and color unevenness during the manufacture of the lamp can be suppressed.

By forming the phosphor having a peak emission wavelength in a range between 530 and 580 nm by [Chemical Formula 14] (Ce, Gd, Tb) (Mg, Mn) B ₅ O ₁₀ and the phosphor having a peak emission wavelength in one Range between 600 and 650 nm by [chemical formula 15] (Ce, Gd) (Mg, Mn) B ₅ O _{10 is} formed, the ratio between the radiation in the range of 530 to 580 nm and the radiation in the range of 600 to 650 nm are set by a single phosphor using the same base material for the phosphors, so that the color tone can be easily selected and color unevenness during the production of the lamp can be suppressed.

The fluorescent lamp of the invention can also be produced inexpensively when a calcium halophosphate phosphor [chemical formula 16] Ca ₅ (PO ₄ ) ₃ (F, Cl): Sb, Mn as a phosphor having a peak emission wavelength in a range between 420 and 530 nm is used. In this phosphor, since the activating agent Mn has peak radiation in the yellow region and the activating agent Sb has peak radiation in the cyan region, the light in the cyan region can be enhanced by increasing the concentration of the activating agent Mn. The claims of the invention also provide that Mn can be omitted, in which case a simple peak radiation with a blue-white light color is obtained.

in the The following will be a second embodiment of the invention.

The second embodiment The invention provides a novel highly efficient light source, wherein the hue of the light color is reduced and the whiteness is enhanced. According to the second embodiment the invention is the radiation in a range between 420 and Increased 470 nm, to the coloring reduce the light color of the novel high-efficiency light source and the white to reinforce while the radiation in the other areas in addition to the dominant wavelength bands between 530 and 580 nm and between 600 and 650 nm is minimized. For this Reason is in contrast to the first embodiment of the invention a additionally Radiation in blue range of wavelengths between 420 and 470 nm intended. The composition of the phosphors is based on the first embodiment.

In this embodiment can change the light color of the light source by a minimal addition a sub-issue changed significantly be compared by the radiation with a shorter wavelength to the first embodiment reinforced becomes.

In particular, a subjective evaluation similar to that in the first embodiment of the invention was carried out as follows. A sample of the novel high-efficiency light source emitting radiation concentrated in the green and red regions is used as the light source, and the light is coated with a phosphor emitting green phosphor [LaPo 1] LaPO ₄ : Ce, Tb (LAP) Fluorescent lamp and the light from a fluorescent lamp coated with [chemical formula 2] Y ₂ O ₃ : Eu, (YOX) as a red light emitting phosphor lamp are mixed. The light from this light source is further exposed to light from a fluorescent lamp having [peak emission wavelength] [chemical formula 3] (Sr, Ca, Ba) ₁₀ (PO ₄ ) ₆ Cl ₂ : Eu (SCA) as a blue light-emitting phosphor is coated in a range between 420 and 470 nm, the point at which the coloration decreases and whiteness is determined by an adjustment method.

at the subjective rating were four adults as subjects used with normal color view and there were three attempts under a common condition.

The flow ratio the green light emission [chemical formula 1] and the red light emission [chemical formula 2] in the sample of the novel high-efficiency light source in five Steps from LAP (Green) : YOX (red) = 100: 0, to LAP (green): YOX (red) = 95: 5, too LAP (green) : YOX (red) = 90: 10, LAP (green) : YOX (red) = 85: 15 and changed to LAP (green): YOX (red) = 80: 20. The Color values x and y, the calcium halophosphate phosphor and the Δuv values are in the Table 1 given.

[Table 1] Mixed light with different proportions of LAP and YOX (5 variations)

The Results of the subjective evaluation are given in Table 2.

[Table 2] Experimental comparison of the flux ratio, the color values x & y, the correlated color temperature and the Δuv values of the light sources, at which the coloration decreases and the light begins to be perceived as white

The Table 2 gives the mean values of the flow ratio (%) of LAP: YOX : SCA, where the subjects begin to notice that the coloring diminished and the light turns white, based on the flow ratio at. The light sources are indicated by 1a to 1e, where the color values x and y, the calcium halophosphate phosphor and the Δuv values be specified.

10 shows the color values x and y of the light sources 17 (1a) to 21 (1e) and the regression line 22 (y = -0.43x + 0.58). The straight line 23 in this figure, a parallel shift of the regression line indicates that the second decimal of the y-intercept of the line is up, so that all the color values x and y of the light sources (1a) to (1e) are included.

11 shows the color values (x, y) a: (0.228, 0.351), b: (0.358, 0.551), c: (0.525, 0.440), d: (0.435, 0.440) and e: (0.285, 0.332) for the comparison , the relationship between the line 23 (y <-0.43x + 0.60) and the color names of the light emitted by the light source. A fluorescent lamp which emits light with less coloring and makes a white impression can be provided by setting the condition of the fluorescent lamp of the invention below the line y = -0.43x + 0.60.

The Parts by weight of the LAP, YOX and SCA phosphors, the color values x & y, the halophosphate phosphor and the Δuv values the prototype in correspondence with the light sources (1a) to (1e) of Table 2 using 20 fluorescent lamps Light sources are shown in Table 3 as light sources 1f to 1j.

[Table 3] Comparison of the mixing ratio, the color values x & y, the correlated color temperature and the Δuv values of various 20W fluorescent lamps, in which the coloration decreases and the light begins to be perceived as white

12 to 16 show the spectral distributions of the light sources 1f to 1j, which are embodiments of the invention using 20W fluorescent lamps.

In these spectral distributions, in comparison with the embodiment in which the novel highly efficient light source with the spectral distribution of 17 is formed using the fluorescent lamps, a relative spectral power generated by the phosphor having the peak emission wavelength in a wavelength band between 420 and 470 exists, whereby the coloration can be reduced and the whiteness in the light color of the novel fluorescent lamp can be increased by irradiating radiation in that wavelength band will be added.

[Table 4] Based on experiments determined flow ratios (%) of the light sources (i) to (m) consisting exclusively of LAP and SCA

The Table 4 shows the mixing ratio from LAP and SCA for the light sources 1a to 1e based on the flow ratio on the basis of mixing ratio based on the flow ratio the three fluorescent lamps with the three types of phosphors in Table 2.

It is shown that the mixing ratio (%) of LAP and SCA in almost every light source is 96: 4. The color point (0.285, 0.332) of the color gamut of the invention is furthest the blue area, so that the mixing ratio of SCA at this point is maximum.

The mixing ratio (%) of LAP, YOX and SCA at this color value is 81: 9:10, when it comes from the color values of the monochromatic fluorescent lamps, that have the three types of phosphors for color mixing, by means of the equation for the additive color mixture is calculated. The flow ratio of LAP and SCA are 89: 11.

If that is, through a phosphor such as SCA with a peak emission wavelength in one Range between 420 and 470 nm and a phosphor such as LAP with a peak emission wavelength, in a range between 530 and 580 nm generated light with a flux ratio (%) of B: G, where B is between 4 and 11 (%) and G is between 96 and 89 (%), can be a fluorescent lamp with a whiteness and less staining be made in the light.

In the color gamut of the invention corresponds to the point at which the flow ratio (%) reaches a maximum of YOX, the intersection of the lines y = -0.43x + 0.60 and y = 0.15 + 0.64x. The flow ratio (%) of LAP, YOX and SCA at this intersection is, if it is based on the equation of additive color mixing is calculated equal to 70: 28: 2. On the Based on this knowledge, a light color with a whiteness and with less staining be provided in the light, with a categorical color perception with higher Efficiency can be obtained by passing through a phosphor with a peak emission wavelength in one Range between 600 and 650 nm such as YOX emitted flux R and the sum of B + G from that through a phosphor having a peak emission wavelength in one Range between 420 and 470 nm such as SCA emitted flux and from which through a phosphor having a peak wavelength in a range between 530 and 580 nm such as LAP emitted flux in one relationship of R: B + G, where R is in a range between 0 and 28 (%) and B + G in a range between 100 and 72 (%) lies.

18 shows the color value range 25 which is characterized by the color values (x, y) a: (0.228, 0.351), b: (0.358, 0.551), c: (0.525, 0.440), d: (0.453, 0.440) and e: (0.285, 0.332) and y <-0.43x +0.60, the color values x & y of the light source (lk) 27 coated with a halophosphate phosphor in daylight color, the color values x & y of the light source (ll) 28 coated with a halophosphate phosphor in a neutral white color, and the color values x & y of the light source (lm) 29 coated with a halophosphate phosphor in white color, each on the xy chromaticity coordinate plane. By the light source 26 and one of the light sources lk 27 to lm 29 mixed and light sources with the color values x, y of the dashed lines (1) 30 , (2) 31 and (3) 32 can be used, the light source with the color value range 25 realized the invention.

Table 5 compares the lamp efficiencies of the light sources 1f to 1j using 20W fluorescent lamps, the new fluorescent lamp having the spectral characteristics of 11 , the conventional white fluorescent lamp with a halophosphate phosphor and a daylight fluorescent lamp radiating in three bands.

[Table 5] Lamp efficiencies of different 20W light sources

The Lamp efficiencies of the light sources 1f to 1j are about 24 to 43% higher as those of the conventional ones white Fluorescent lamp using a halophosphate phosphor, and approximately 10 to 35% higher than the conventional in three bands bright daylight fluorescent lamp. The following is a third embodiment of the invention.

The third embodiment The invention provides an incandescent lamp color for the Light of the novel high-efficiency light source. The specific one Configuration of the phosphor is similar to the first embodiment.

The embodiment The invention is based on experimental data obtained by a subjective rating of light sources were determined in the whether the light color corresponds to that of an incandescent lamp or not.

In In this experiment, two lighting areas with one each Dimension of 2 ° of the viewing angle presented at the same time, wherein one of these areas is a test stimulus, while the other area is a reference stimulus in the dark field of view.

The test stimulus is constructed so that it can arbitrarily present 21 kinds of light colors t1 to t21. Each test stimulus is generated by adjusting the mixing ratio between the fluorescent lamp (LAP) characterized by the green light of [chemical formula 1] LaPO ₄ : Ce, Tb, the fluorescent lamp (YOX) illuminated by the red light of [ chemical formula 2] Y ₂ O ₃ : Eu, the fluorescent lamp (SCA) characterized by the blue light of [chemical formula 3] (Sr, Ca, Ba) ₁₀ (PO ₄ ) ₆ Cl ₂ : Eu, and a fluorescent lamp emitting yellow light having a peak emission wavelength of 580 nm and color values x, y (0.515, 0.472). The properties of the test stimuli are shown in Table 6.

[Table 6] Color values x, y, correlated color temperature and Δuv values of the test stimuli t1 to t21

When Reference stimulus became a lightbulb color (correlated color temperature 2800K and color values x, y (0.452, 0.406) presents.

In In the experiment, the test stimuli were arbitrarily presented to the subjects, whereby the subjects were asked to test the stimulus with the Compare reference stimulus and determine if the light color the test stimulus as a light bulb light acceptable or not.

The evaluation was performed three times under the same condition by seven panelists with normal color vision. The light emission range was presented at two luminances, 3000 cd / cm ² and 300 cd / cm ² , the experiment showing no differences in the evaluation of the light color at the two luminances.

20 shows the acceptance rates of the test light sources as incandescent color with the decimal point of each color point (x, y). The curve 23 is the regression curve of the 50% rate of acceptance. That is, the area within the curve 23 reflects the perception of the color of light that was assumed by at least half of the test persons as incandescent color.

21 Fig. 12 shows the relationship between the area defined by 1 to v, which is enclosed by the line segments having the following color values I: (0.4775, 0.4283), m: (0.4594, 0.3971), n: ( 0.4214, 0.3887), o: (0.4171, 0.3846), p: (0.3903, 0.3719), q: (0.3805, 0.3642), r: (0, 3656, 0.3905), s: (0.3938, 0.4097), t: (0.4021, 0.4076), u: (0.4341, 0.4233) and v: (0.4348, 0.4185), and the curve 23 ,

Of the A range defined by 1 to v gives the range of light colors the conventional one Lamp obtained by the JIS method in which upper and lower boundary lines in the vicinity of the Planckschen Range are set and the intervening area as tolerable Range is specified. The coloration specified by IEC for fluorescent lamps is included in this area.

The straight line 24 Figure 5 shows the change in color when the flux ratio of LAP: YOX is changed for a fluorescent lamp containing only the LAP phosphor having a peak emission wavelength in a range between 530 and 580 nm and the YOX phosphor having a peak emission wavelength in a range between 600 and 650 nm used.

The point 25 gives the color in the case of LAP: YOX = 70:30, where the correlated color temperature is about 3500K and the Δuv value is about 19. The point 26 gives the color in the case of LAP: YOX = 65:35 where the correlated color temperature is about 3100K and the Δuv value is about 12. The point 27 gives the color in the case of LAP: YOX = 60:40 where the correlated color temperature is about 2800K and the Δuv value is about 6. The point 28 gives the color in the case of LAP: YOX = 55:45, where the correlated color temperature is about 2600K and the Δuv value is about 1.

It So it turns out that in a fluorescent lamp with dominant Radiation wavelengths in a range between 530 and 580 nm and in a range between 600 and 650 nm the correlated color temperature of about 3500K the border between the light bulb color and the white one Light color determines if the correlated color temperature as an index is used.

In 22 gives the area 29 the color gamut of cool white light indicates the area 30 the color gamut of warm white light and indicates the area 31 the color value range of a fluorescent lamp with a light bulb color. Out 22 It can be seen that the vertices except for the lower left in the white coloration range correspond to the range 1 to v. The spectral distributions of an embodiment of the fluorescent lamp in a like 25 to 28 in 21 given change in the flow ratio LAP: YOX are in 23 to 26 shown.

In one embodiment of the novel high-efficiency light source of the invention for emitting light in a light bulb color, LAP [Chemical Formula 1] LaPO ₄ : Ce, Tb as a phosphor having a peak emission wavelength in a range between 540 and 560 nm and YOX [Chemical Formula 2 ] Y ₂ O ₃ : Eu as a phosphor combined with a peak emission wavelength in a range between 600 and 620 nm, wherein the flow ratio of LAP: YOX = 60: 40 to LAP: YOX = 70: 30 was changed.

If the flow ratio on LAP: YOX = 70: 30 is set, the efficiency can be increased by 10%, comparing the number of different types of phosphors to the conventional one radiant in three bands Fluorescent lamp is reduced.

27 Figure ₄ shows the spectral characteristics of another embodiment of the invention, wherein SCA having the composition (Sr, Ca, Ba) ₁₀ (PO ₄ ) ₆ Cl ₂ : Eu as a phosphor having a peak emission wavelength in a range between 440 and 460 nm, LAP with the Composition LaPO ₄ : Ce, Tb as phosphor with a peak emission wavelength in a range between 540 and 560 nm and YOX with the composition Y ₂ O ₃ : Eu as phosphor with a peak emission wavelength in the range between 600 and 620 nm with a Flux ratio of 1: 67: 32 are combined.

The Color values x & y the fluorescent lamp are (0.4315, 0.4334), with the correlated Color temperature is 3317K and the Δuv value is 12.3. These embodiment allows it, any desired Light color in the color value range of claim 21 and claim 22 of Invention to produce by a partial emission to other wavelength ranges is added as the dominant radiation wavelengths.

If The novel high-efficiency light source can be built up except through the fluorescent lamp described above also achieves a similar effect be by a corresponding to the fluorescent lamp of the invention Light color is provided by a metal halide lamp. To this Way you can The following lamps are provided, while not to the invention belong, but for the understanding useful in the invention are.

The First example is a metal halide lamp with a high luminous brightness in mesopic and scotopic view or in a wide field of view, while ensuring such a degree of color reproduction, that is a categorical color perception for at least the surface colors Red Green, Blue, yellow, white and Black allows becomes.

The second example is a metal halide lamp, which has a whiteness in the Has light color without a sense of incongruence in the light color when used in conjunction with a conventional Light source with a high color temperature is used, where such a degree of color reproduction is ensured that a categorical color perception for at least the surface colors Red, green, blue, Yellow, white and Black allows becomes.

The third example is a metal halide lamp, which is considered highly efficient Illumination light source is used and has a light color, that of a lightbulb color corresponds without a feeling to cause incongruity in the light color when in contact with a conventional one Light source with a low color temperature is used, where such a degree of color reproduction is ensured that a categorical color perception for at least the surface colors Red Green, Blue, yellow, white and black allows becomes.

at A metal halide lamp may be useful in understanding the invention Example obtained by adding a metal halide with a radiation in a range between 420 and 530 nm and a metal halide with a radiation in a range between 470 and 530 nm to a Metal halide with dominant radiation wavelengths in a range between 530 and 580 nm and in a range between 600 and 650 nm is added. While ordinary Metal halide lamps in (blue radiation). T1 (green radiation) and Na (yellow, red radiation), the example can be achieved by: these three elements are combined, whereby the In content is increased, around the intensity to amplify the blue radiation.

The example can also be obtained by combining [Chemical Formula 17] NaI • AlCl ₃ or [Chemical Formula 18] CaI ₂ • AlCl ₃ and a thallium halide (for example thallium ionide).

A more usually Metal halide lamp used is based on Sc-Na (Th). The example can also be obtained by using this lamp and a thallium halide (For example, thallium ionide) are combined.

As As described above, the invention can provide the following improvements for the achieve a novel highly efficient light source.

First becomes a light source with a high illumination brightness mesopic and scotopic view or with a wide field of view obtained, ensuring such a degree of color reproduction that is a categorical color perception for at least the surface colors Red Green, Blue, yellow, black and white is possible.

Secondly a light source is obtained which has a whiteness in the light color, without a feeling to cause incongruity when combined with a usual Light source with high color temperature is used, such a Degree of color reproduction ensures that a categorical Color perception for at least the surface colors Red Green, Blue, yellow, white and Black allows becomes.

thirdly a light source is obtained which serves as a highly efficient source of illumination light can be used and has a light color that corresponds to an incandescent lamp, without a feeling to cause incongruity in the light color when in contact with a conventional one Light source with a low color temperature is used, where such a degree of color reproduction is ensured that a categorical color perception for at least the surface colors Red Green, Blue yellow; White and black allows becomes.

The Invention can be used as an efficient light source in places used where color fidelity does not matter much plays. For example, the invention is especially as an outdoor area light source suitable for a street, Vehicle, tunnel, warehouse, factory lighting, etc. are used can.

The effect of the invention can be maximized when the light source with a low luminance in places where color fidelity does not matter, so the light source can be used in different scotopic and mesopic viewing environments.

According to the invention the proportions of radiation in the visible radiation wavelength bands are between 420 and 530 nm (in particular between 420 and 470 nm and between 470 and 530 nm), between 530 and 580 nm and between 600 and 650 nm in the novel high-efficiency light source.

These Configuration possible the following effects.

First For example, a highly efficient exposure light source can be obtained. the one categorical color perception of at least the surface colors Red Green, Blue, yellow and white allowed, where the luminous efficiency in scotopic and mesopic view and improved in a wide field of view.

Secondly For example, an exposure light source having a whiteness in the Has light color, ensuring a degree of color reproduction which is a categorical color perception of at least the surface colors Red Green, Blue, yellow, white and Black allowed.

thirdly a high efficiency illumination light source can be obtained which has a light color corresponding to an incandescent lamp, wherein ensures a degree of color reproduction, which is a categorical Color perception of at least the surface colors red, green, blue, Yellow, white and Black allowed.

Out Experience is known to be ordinary Lighting light sources even in an environment with the same luminance make a brighter impression when the correlated color temperature is higher. The reason for that probably lies in the fact that the radiation from a light source with a higher one correlated color temperature has a higher density of blue or blue-green Component contains.

The Effects of the invention will be described below in comparison with ordinary ones Lighting sources explained.

When Comparison reference serve in three bands Radiant fluorescent lamps with a light bulb color (3000K): EX-L, a neutral color (5000K): EX-N and with a daylight color (6700K): EX-D. Furthermore, the following comparison references are used: an ordinary one White Fluorescent: FLW, which uses a halophosphate phosphor, is an efficient High pressure sodium lamp: NH1, a low pressure sodium lamp: NX, a high-pressure sodium lamp with improved color rendering: NH2, a mercury fluorescent lamp: HF and a metal halide lamp MHL.

To ensure that the lamp efficiency is not lower than 10%, the present invention sees 2B + SCA by adding [Chemical Formula 3] (Sr, Ca, Ba) ₁₀ (PO ₄ ) ₆ Cl ₂ : Eu to the novel high-efficiency Light source: 2B (2L), 2B + Halo-W by adding calcium halophosphate phosphor [chemical formula 16] Ca ₅ (PO ₄ ) ₃ (F, Cl): Sb, Mn and 2B + SAE by adding [chemical Formula 11] Sr ₄ Al ₁₄ O ₂₅ : Eu ago. Because the novel highly efficient light source (a fluorescent lamp emitting in two bands) has an efficiency which is at least 20% higher than that of the daylight fluorescent lamp radiating in three bands, the ordinary flux is also better than that of the daylight radiating in three bands. fluorescent lamp. Furthermore, the subjective reproduction of the brightness will be explained below.

In examining the effect of luminous brightness in the mesopic and scotopic view, V '(λ) / V (λ) is used as the representative index, and when examining the effect of improving the luminous brightness in a wide field of view, V ₁₀ (λ) / V (λ) used as a representative index.

28 shows the relationship between the values of V '(λ) / V (λ) and different light sources, and 29 shows the relationship between the values of V ₁₀ (λ) / V (λ) and the different light sources.

These data show that the effect of adding phosphors to the novel high-efficiency light source for improving the spectral luminous efficiency is smaller when light is emitted over a wide wavelength band as in the calcium halophosphate phosphor used in ordinary illumination light sources, and larger when phosphors used to emit light in a relatively narrower band. That is, the phosphor [chemical formula 3] (Sr, Ca, Ba) ₁₀ (PO ₄ ) ₆ Cl ₂ : Eu emits in a relatively narrow band with a peak emission wavelength in a band between 420 and 470 nm Provides a sufficient effect of the improvement. The phosphor [Chemical Formula 11] Sr ₂ Al ₁₄ O ₂₅ : Eu radiating in a relatively narrow band having a peak emission wavelength in a band between 470 and 530 nm provides a great effect of the improvement.

While the data from 28 and 29 are only relevant to one another, the effect of adding radiation in a range between 470 and 530 nm to the novel high-efficiency light source for improving the different luminous efficiencies is greater than the difference between the brightness at EX-L (in 3 bands) bright fluorescent lamp with incandescent light color) and the brightness of EX-D (in the case of daylight fluorescent lamp), whereby the luminance of the ambient lighting in EX-L and EX-D are the same.

These Effects of the invention can different for about a street, Security, night or work lighting are used where Energy should be saved and the light sources at more scotopic and mesopic view need not show high color fidelity.

According to the invention can the coloring reduced the novel fluorescent lamp and provided a whiteness while still maintaining high efficiency, by the radiation in the wavelength band between 420 and 530 nm amplified becomes.

Around the coloring To further efficiently reduce and increase the whiteness, the radiated Light energy preferably in the wavelength band between 420 and 470 nm on the side of the shorter wavelength concentrated.

From aesthetic establish but can be a light bulb color be desired with a lower correlated color temperature. Because in this case the color value range of the as incandescent color assumed light is determined by the invention, a Light source can be provided, the light in this color value range radiates.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

Out It will be apparent from the foregoing description that various light sources can be provided the one white without causing incongruence when the novel highly efficient light source of the invention in conjunction with a Light source with a high color temperature is used, where Various light sources can be provided, the light colors in correspondence to a lightbulb color without causing incongruence when the novel highly efficient light source of the invention in conjunction with TS and a light source with a low color temperature is used.

Claims (12)

Fluorescent lamp, which gives a categorical color perception of at least the surfaces Red, green, blue, Yellow and white ensures and the light efficiency in scotopic and mesopic view or improved at a wide field of view, with a dominant radiation of a phosphor having a peak emission wavelength in one Wavelength range between 530 and 580 nm and of a phosphor with a peak emission wavelength in one Wavelength range between 600 and 650 nm, the flow ratio of a Phosphor having a peak emission wavelength in a wavelength range between 420 and 530 nm to 4 to 40% of that in the dominant wavelength band blasted total flux is set, with the correlated color temperature the lamplight color is set to 3500K to ∞ and where Duv (the distance from the perfect radiator area to uv coordinates) within a range between 5 and 70 is set. Fluorescent lamp, which gives a categorical color perception of at least the surfaces Red, green, blue, Yellow and white ensures and the light efficiency in scotopic and mesopic view or improved at a wide field of view, with a dominant radiation of a phosphor having a peak emission wavelength in one Wavelength range between 530 and 580 nm and of a phosphor with a peak emission wavelength in one Wavelength range between 600 and 650 nm, the flow ratio of a Phosphor having a peak emission wavelength in a wavelength range between 470 and 530 nm to 4 to 40% of that in the dominant wavelength band blasted total flux is set, with the correlated color temperature the lamplight color is set to 3500K to ∞ and where Duv (the distance from the perfect radiator range to uv coordinates) within a range between 5 and 70 is set. Fluorescent lamp, which gives a categorical color perception of at least the surfaces Red, green, blue, Yellow and white ensures and the light efficiency in scotopic and mesopic view or improved in a wide field of view, using phosphors with Peak emission wavelengths in the wavelength ranges between 420 and 530 nm, 530 and 580 nm and 600 to 650 nm and light colors in a range of y <-0.43x + 0.60, y> 0.64x + 0.15 and x> 0.16 on the x-y chromaticity coordinate plane. Fluorescent lamp, which gives a categorical color perception of at least the surfaces Red, green, blue, Yellow and white ensures and the light efficiency in scotopic and mesopic view or improved in a wide field of view, using phosphors with Peak emission wavelengths in the wavelength ranges between 470 and 530 nm, 530 and 580 nm, and 600 to 650 nm and light colors in a range of y <-0.43x +0.60, y> 0.64x + 0.15 and x> 0.16 on the x-y chromaticity coordinate plane. Fluorescent lamp according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the phosphor used to obtain the dominant radiation with a peak emission wavelength in a wavelength band from 530 to 580 nm one activated with terbium or terbium / cerium Fluorescent is the phosphor with a peak emission wavelength in one Wavelength band from 600 to 650 nm a europium or manganese activated phosphor is the fluorescent with a peak emission length in one Wavelength band from 420 to 530 nm and the phosphor with a peak emission wavelength in one Wavelength band between 470 and 530 each with europium, europium / manganese, antimony, Manganese, antimony / manganese activated phosphors are. The fluorescent lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the phosphor having a peak emission wavelength in the wavelength ranges between 530 and 580 nm and between 600 and 650 nm comprises a single phosphor of (Ce, Gd, Tb) (Mg, Mn) B ₅ O ₁₀ and (Ce, Gd) (Mg, Mn) B ₅ O ₁₀ . Fluorescent lamp according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the phosphor having a peak emission wavelength in one Wavelength range between 420 and 530 nm and the phosphor with a peak emission wavelength in one Wavelength range between 470 and 530 nm is a halophosphate phosphor. The fluorescent lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the phosphor having a peak emission wavelength in a wavelength range between 420 and 530 nm BaMgAl ₁₀ O ₁₇ : Eu, (Sr, Ca, Ba) ₁₀ (PO ₄ ) ₆ Cl ₂ : Eu or BaMgAl ₁₀ O ₁₇ : Eu, Mn is. The fluorescent lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the phosphor having a peak emission wavelength in a wavelength region between 470 and 530 nm is Sr ₄ Al ₁₀ O ₂₅ : Eu or Ce (Mg, Zn) Al ₁₁ O ₁₉ : Mn. Fluorescent lamp according to one of claims 1 to 9, which contains a phosphor with a peak emission wavelength in the Wavelength range between 420 and 470 nm and a peak emission wavelength phosphor in the Wavelength range between 470 and 530. The fluorescent lamp according to claim 10, wherein the phosphor having a peak emission wavelength in the wavelength range between 420 and 470 nm and the phosphor having a peak emission wavelength in the wavelength ranges between 470 and 530 nm respectively (Ba, Sr) MgAl ₁₀ O ₁₇ : Eu, Mn is. Fluorescent lamp according to one of claims 1 to 11, the for an outdoor lighting, Street lighting, Emergency lighting, vehicle lighting, tunnel lighting, Space lighting, warehouse lighting, standby or Industrial lighting is used.