DE684522C - Photo cell with two or more anodes and a photoelectrically sensitive cathode to control the two half waves of a carrier frequency - Google Patents

Photo cell with two or more anodes and a photoelectrically sensitive cathode to control the two half waves of a carrier frequency

Info

Publication number
DE684522C
DE684522C DES123818D DES0123818D DE684522C DE 684522 C DE684522 C DE 684522C DE S123818 D DES123818 D DE S123818D DE S0123818 D DES0123818 D DE S0123818D DE 684522 C DE684522 C DE 684522C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
anodes
carrier frequency
control
half waves
photo cell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DES123818D
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dipl-Ing Rudolf Schmook
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens and Halske AG
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens and Halske AG
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens and Halske AG, Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens and Halske AG
Priority to DES123818D priority Critical patent/DE684522C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE684522C publication Critical patent/DE684522C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J40/00Photoelectric discharge tubes not involving the ionisation of a gas
    • H01J40/02Details
    • H01J40/04Electrodes

Landscapes

  • Common Detailed Techniques For Electron Tubes Or Discharge Tubes (AREA)

Description

Fotozelle mit zwei oder mehreren Anoden und einer lichtelektrisch empfindlichen Kathode zur Steuerung der beiden Halbwellen einer Trägerfrequenz Die Erfindung bezieht ;sich auf lichtelektrisch empfindliche Zellen, mit deren Hilfe beide Halbwellen einer eingeführten Trägerfrequenz ausgesteuert werden können, wenn solche Schwingungen. durch Licht, das auf die Fotokathode fällt, moduliert werden sollen.Photocell with two or more anodes and one photoelectric sensitive cathode to control the two half waves of a carrier frequency Die Invention relates to photoelectrically sensitive cells by means of which both half-waves of an introduced carrier frequency can be controlled, if such vibrations. be modulated by light falling on the photocathode should.

Es. sind lichtelektrische Zellen bekannt, welche mit zwei Anoden ausgerüstet sind und die Modulation beider Halbwellen gestatten. Es hat sich jedoch herausgestellt, da.ß die Aussteuerung der beiden Halbwellen bei diesen Fotozellen, bei welchen die Fotoschichten durch den zugehörigen Anoden benachbarte Wandbeläge gebildet werden, nicht mit der gewünschten Gleichmäßigkeit "erfolgt, offenbar deshalb, weil es praktisch nicht erreichbar ist, daß die Fotoschichten an allen Stellen der Röhre völlig gleichmäßig und gleich empfindlich sind.It. photoelectric cells are known which are equipped with two anodes and allow the modulation of both half-waves. However, it turned out da.ß the control of the two half waves in these photocells, in which the Photo layers are formed by wall coverings adjacent to the associated anodes, not with the desired uniformity ", apparently because it is practical it cannot be achieved that the photo layers are completely uniform at all points of the tube and are equally sensitive.

Die gewünschte Gleichmäßigkeit läßt sich durch eine Anordnung nach der Erfindung erreichen. Erfindungsgemäß sind -die Anoden einer Fotozelle mit zwei oder mehreren. Anoden und einer lichtelektrisch empfindlichen Kathode ,als gitterförmige Elektroden ausgebildet, der-en Gitterstäbe in der gleichen Ebene angeordnet und kammartig ineinandergeschachtelt sind. Ein Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß der Erfindung ist als Querschnitt in der Fig. i schematischdargestellt. Innerhalb der Wandung i der Fotozelle befindet sich die Fotokathode 2. Im gleichen Abstand von der Kathode liegen die beiden Anoden 3 und q.. Sie bestehen: je aus einem Stabgitter, deren ineinandergreifende Stäbe sämtlich parallel zueinander gerichtet sind und an ihren äußeren Enden durch entsprechende Querstäbe gehalten werden.The desired uniformity can be adjusted by an arrangement achieve the invention. According to the invention -the anodes of a photocell with two or more. Anodes and a photoelectrically sensitive cathode, in the form of a grid Electrodes formed, the -en grid bars arranged and in the same plane are nested in a comb-like manner. An embodiment according to the invention is shown schematically as a cross section in FIG. Inside the wall The photocathode 2 is located in the photocell. At the same distance from the cathode lie the two anodes 3 and q .. They consist: each of a bar grid, whose interlocking rods are all directed parallel to each other and at their outer ends are held by appropriate cross bars.

Da bei einer derartigen symmetrischen Anordnung nach der Erfindung jede Bevorzugung einer Anode vermieden ist, so werden infolge der gemeinsamen Kathode die Beleuchtungs- rund die Emissionsverhältnisse an. der Fotokathode sieh gegenüber den beiden Anoden gleichartig auswirken. Außerdem werden die gleichen elektrischen Felder für den Stromfluß jeder Anode maßgebend sein. Aus diesem Grunde stimmen die Kennlinien für die beiden Anoden weitgehend überein.Since with such a symmetrical arrangement according to the invention any preference for an anode is avoided, so will be due to the common cathode the lighting and the emission conditions. face the photocathode affect the two anodes in the same way. It will also be the same electrical Fields are decisive for the current flow of each anode. For this reason they are correct Characteristic curves for the two anodes largely match.

Eine derart ;aufgebaute Fotozelle kann beispielsweise in einer Schaltung zur Erzeugung von amplitudenmodulierben Trägerwellen entsprechend Fig. 2 mit Vorteil Verwendung finden. Den Anoden -3 und q. der Fotozelle werden die Schwingungen des Hochfrequenzgenerators g zugeführt. Entsprechend den Helligkeitsschwankungen der Lichtstrahlen; die in Richtung der Pfeile auf die Foto-.. kathode a treffen, werden periodisch weckselnd Fotoströme nach den Anoden fließiri,: die eine gleichartige Modulation beider Halb #: wellen der Hochfrequenzschwingungen beTy wirken. Die Abnahme der modulierten Hochfrequenz erfolgt durch geeignete Kopplung an der Stelle 6 der Leitung.A photocell constructed in this way can, for example, be used in a circuit for generating amplitude-modulated carrier waves according to FIG. 2 with advantage Find use. The anodes -3 and q. the photocell are the vibrations of the High frequency generator g supplied. According to the fluctuations in brightness the rays of light; which meet the photo .. cathode a in the direction of the arrows, are periodically waking photocurrents flowing to the anodes: the one of the same kind Modulation of both half # waves of high frequency oscillations are effective. The decrease the modulated high frequency is carried out by suitable coupling at point 6 of the Management.

Fotozellen mit zwei Anoden nach der Erfindung besitzen den großen. Vorteil, daß Veränderungen an der emittierenden Fotokathode, die während der Betriebsidauer auftreten, sich gleichmäßig auf die Ströme zu beidenAnoden auswirken: Auch .die sonstigen Schwankungen der Empfindlichkeit, wie sie etwa bei gasgefüllten Zellen infolge der Änderung dies Gasgehaltes auftreten, beeinflussen die beiden Anodenströme in gleichem Maße, so daß die Gewähr gegeben ist, daß sich die Kennlinien für die beiden Anoden während der ganzen Betriebsdauer in guter Übereinstimmung befinden.Photocells with two anodes according to the invention have the large one. Advantage that changes to the emitting photocathode that occur during the operating time occur, have an equal effect on the currents to both anodes: Also .the other fluctuations in sensitivity, such as those in gas-filled cells occur as a result of the change in this gas content, affect the two anode currents to the same extent, so that there is a guarantee that the characteristics for the both anodes are in good agreement during the entire period of operation.

'Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung von zwei Ärioden läßt sich auch vorteilhaft in Kom-JA@ätion mit den Elektrodensystemen von @Elektronenvervielfachern, die mit Hilfe der Sekundäremission die Verstärkung von Fotoströmen - bewirken, verwenden.'The inventive arrangement of two Ariodes can also be advantageous in Kom-JA @ ation with the electrode systems of @electron multipliers with The help of the secondary emission the amplification of photocurrents - effect, use.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Fotozelle mit zwei oder mehreren Anoden und einer lichtelektrisch empfindlichen Kathode zur Steuerung der beiden Halbwellen einer Trägerfrequenz, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anoden als gitterförmige Elektroden derart ausgebildet sind, .daß die Gitberstähe in der gleichen Ebene angeordnet und kammartig ineinjandergeschachtelt sind.PATENT CLAIM: Photocell with two or more anodes and one photoelectrically sensitive cathode to control the two half-waves of a Carrier frequency, characterized in that the anodes are grid-shaped electrodes are designed in such a way .that the grating is arranged in the same plane and are nested in a comb-like manner.
DES123818D 1936-08-13 1936-08-13 Photo cell with two or more anodes and a photoelectrically sensitive cathode to control the two half waves of a carrier frequency Expired DE684522C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DES123818D DE684522C (en) 1936-08-13 1936-08-13 Photo cell with two or more anodes and a photoelectrically sensitive cathode to control the two half waves of a carrier frequency

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DES123818D DE684522C (en) 1936-08-13 1936-08-13 Photo cell with two or more anodes and a photoelectrically sensitive cathode to control the two half waves of a carrier frequency

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE684522C true DE684522C (en) 1939-11-30

Family

ID=7536365

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DES123818D Expired DE684522C (en) 1936-08-13 1936-08-13 Photo cell with two or more anodes and a photoelectrically sensitive cathode to control the two half waves of a carrier frequency

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE684522C (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1041182B (en) * 1956-03-27 1958-10-16 Zeiss Jena Veb Carl Secondary electron multiplier with at least two dynode systems housed in a vacuum vessel
DE971775C (en) * 1942-09-22 1959-03-26 Hildegard Koepke Dr Device for amplifying electrical currents and voltages

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE971775C (en) * 1942-09-22 1959-03-26 Hildegard Koepke Dr Device for amplifying electrical currents and voltages
DE1041182B (en) * 1956-03-27 1958-10-16 Zeiss Jena Veb Carl Secondary electron multiplier with at least two dynode systems housed in a vacuum vessel

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