DE681863C - Method for drying artificial guts - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN EMPIRE

ISSUED OCTOBER 5, 1939

14 NOY 1 ^ f ₁ CHSPATENT OFFICE

PATENT LETTERING

CLASS 53 c GROUP 3

N 38723 IVaJ53 c

Naturin-Werk Becker & Co. in Weinheim, Baden *) Method for drying artificial casings «!

Patented in the German Empire on October 16, 1935 Patent granted September 14, 1939

It has already been proposed to use artificial casings made from animal fiber material, e.g. B. off Skin or tendons, to be produced by making the skin more swelling when exposed to it Chemicals and by mechanical defibration into a plastic, from swollen Fibers existing mass transferred and this is brought into a tube shape by pressing through ring nozzles. Instead of Chemical decomposition of the skin can also be a heat decomposition or a biological one Loosening up, which is supplemented by mechanical division.

The artificial casings thus obtained are z. B. dried by treatment with warm air and suitably hardened with smoking liquids or the like.

It became richer in water when this process was carried out, especially when used Pulps, d. H. those with less than ι s o / o dryness, found that the manufacture artificial casings often have considerable irregularities in their quality, which in particular in considerable under-. differed in strength. It has also been found that such artificial casings have insufficient tear strength Show stains that are due to uneven curing in the affected areas.

These irregularities also occurred when using the same raw materials and Complete equality of the conditions for the digestion of the starting materials and the conditions the shape.

In-depth studies of the temperature and humidity of dry air, both the fresh as well as the used, strongly enriched with water vapor showed, that these irregularities are caused in the drying process. The dry temperature on the one hand should be as high as possible in order to achieve rapid drying, on the other hand, exceeding certain limits leads to so-called heat phenomena, which translates into a reduction in the tensile strength of the dry intestines and in a Express unevenness of hardening.

It has now been found that for the production of artificial casings of more uniform Quality when drying the casings by flushing all sides with warm air, the drying temperature depending on the moisture content the air must be adjusted so that the temperature of the off until a dry content of the intestine of 60 0/0 is reached

*) The patent seeker indicated the following as the inventors:

Oskar Walter Becker in Heidelberg and Dr. Emil Weiß in Weinheim, Baden.

The intestine made of acidic fiber paste is 27 ° C and, to be on the safe side, 25 ° C and the temperature of the intestine made of alkaline fiber paste does not exceed 22 ° C. If these conditions were observed, the so-called heat phenomena and their consequences could not be observed. At first glance, this seems completely surprising. Attempts were made to explain the heat phenomena through partial melting of the intestinal mass. The melting point of the intestinal substance depends on the dryness of the mass and is z. B. in products obtained from acidic fiber masses intestines at dry solids contents of 10 to 120/0 35 to 37 ° C. It has been observed already at 28 to 30 ⁰ C a certain change of the intestinal substance which might causes the thermal phenomena. At this temperature the sharp boundary between fiber and binding substance disappears. This is probably due to the melting of the protein that connects the intestinal fibers.

The exact definition of the temperature point at which these heat phenomena occur is very difficult, since the optical effect extends over several degrees. The heat phenomena only become clearly recognizable during the subsequent tanning process and are then immediately expressed in the disruptive manner described above. It is also shown here that the intestine is sensitive to the limit of 28 or 22 ^° C being ^{exceeded up to 1} Z ₂ ^{° C.} A dependence of the effect on the dry content of the mass could not be determined within the observed limits.

In practicing the invention, it is expedient to proceed in such a way that the from the annular nozzle emerging artificial intestine is dried as an endless tube. It is preferably carried out into the interior of the intestine that is being formed air is blown in from the nozzle head and the artificial intestine in this inflated state dried. The endless artificial casing is fed through drying channels into the warm air is blown in.

The moisture content of the outside air is measured in a known manner with a psychrometer and, on the basis of the relationship between this moisture content, the temperature of the dry and the temperature of the wet thermometer, such a temperature of the dry air is selected at which the temperature of the wet thermometer 27 ⁰ C or Does not exceed 22 ° C. As long as drying is conducted in such a way that the temperature of the drying air, measured after contact with the dry material, falls as the drying progresses, while the temperature of the moist thermometer belonging to the psychrometer remains constant, the intestinal temperature corresponds to the temperature displayed on the moist thermometer .

In order to guide the casing through the drying tunnel during the manufacturing process, it is mounted on easily movable rollers, to which conveyor belts step at greater intervals. Since at the contact points of the intestine on the rollers or conveyor belts the evaporation of the intestine contained in the piece of intestine just touching. Water is inhibited, there is the possibility that, when rollers and conveyor belts have accepted the increased temperature of the drying air, a heating of the relevant. Intestinal parts takes place beyond the temperature of the moist thermometer. In order to avoid this, the roller diameters and the lengths of the conveyor belts must be chosen to be small and the surfaces with recesses, e.g. B. grooves are provided so that the contact surface with the intestine is as small as possible. To prevent greater heat transfer at the points of contact, the rollers and conveyor belts must be made of a poorly thermally conductive material, e.g. B. wood or cork or bast are made. In addition, a material is expediently selected in which the heat radiation is low, 'or the material is provided with a paint that reduces the heat radiation, z. B. aluminum bronze. Furthermore, to be on the safe side, the temperature of the drying intestine is set a few degrees Celsius below the temperature point at which the heat phenomena occur, e.g. B. to 25 ⁰ C.

Since the drying temperature can be higher, the lower the moisture content depending on the air used, in order to shorten the drying time, it is advisable to use the Reduce the moisture content of the air by pre-cooling. The pre-cooling can do both with cold water as well as with cold mixtures.

The dry intestine is suitably treated, e.g. B. by brushing or spraying with smoking liquid, made waterproof, again dried and rolled up.

example

An intestine formed in a known manner from acidic skin fiber paste containing 910/0 swelling water is to be dried with warm fresh air. On that day there is an outside temperature of 2o ° G and a humidity of 60 o / _o relative humidity. Should the temperature of the drying intestine not exceed 25 ⁰ C

rise, the dry air may only be heated to a maximum of 53 ° C. At Days with different atmospheric conditions can change the temperature of the dry air Taken from the following table according to the information in Mollier's table for moist air will:

Outside air relative
humidity Dry air % temperature 10
temperature 80 ⁰ C O Q 60 59 IO 50 53 'S 20 40 41 3d -47 30th

Claims (4)

Patent claims: i. Method of drying. Artificial casings, those made of swollen and frayed animal fiber-containing material, such as skin or tendons, by pressing are made by ring nozzles, with warm air, characterized in that the temperature of the heated dry air is kept so that the moist thermometer is one behind the dry goods attached psychrometer cine temperature of 22 ° C when drying a from alkaline or 27 ° C when drying one made from acid fiber mass Intestine does not exceed. ' 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in per se known Way into the interior of the artificial intestine emerging from the ring nozzle from the nozzle head air is blown and the inflated artificial intestine is fed as an endless tube through drying channels into which warm air is blown. 3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that for guidance of the intestine rollers and conveyor belts made of poorly thermally conductive materials are used to reduce the contact surfaces of the intestine with recesses, e.g. B. grooves, optionally with Painted, which reduce the heat radiation. 4. Process according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that for drying Air is used, whose moisture content in a known manner by pre-cooling with cold water or Cold mixtures has been reduced.