DE65271C - Process for the production of hard and washable gypsum objects using ammonium triborate - Google Patents
Process for the production of hard and washable gypsum objects using ammonium triborateInfo
- Publication number
- DE65271C DE65271C DENDAT65271D DE65271DA DE65271C DE 65271 C DE65271 C DE 65271C DE NDAT65271 D DENDAT65271 D DE NDAT65271D DE 65271D A DE65271D A DE 65271DA DE 65271 C DE65271 C DE 65271C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- gypsum
- ammonium
- objects
- triborate
- solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- PSFLJUCMBNYSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-W B([O-])([O-])[O-].B([O-])([O-])[O-].B([O-])([O-])[O-].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+] Chemical compound B([O-])([O-])[O-].B([O-])([O-])[O-].B([O-])([O-])[O-].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+] PSFLJUCMBNYSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-W 0.000 title description 4
- 241000272476 Gyps Species 0.000 claims description 7
- AGLSQWBSHDEAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-O azanium;boric acid Chemical compound [NH4+].OB(O)O AGLSQWBSHDEAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 9
- WUUHFRRPHJEEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripotassium borate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] WUUHFRRPHJEEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001184 potassium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001264 neutralization Effects 0.000 description 3
- WYXIGTJNYDDFFH-UHFFFAOYSA-Q triazanium;borate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] WYXIGTJNYDDFFH-UHFFFAOYSA-Q 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005591 charge neutralization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZZURULIGOLLDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N B([O-])(O)O.B(O)(O)O.B(O)(O)O.B(O)(O)O.[K+].B(O)(O)O Chemical compound B([O-])(O)O.B(O)(O)O.B(O)(O)O.B(O)(O)O.[K+].B(O)(O)O AZZURULIGOLLDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YMHVBCADCUZNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-M [NH4+].[Ca+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O Chemical compound [NH4+].[Ca+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O YMHVBCADCUZNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 calcium boron sulfate Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003388 sodium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
- C04B22/0013—Boron compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5006—Boron compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
- C04B41/61—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/65—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
triborat.triborate.
Seit langer Zeit ist man bestrebt, Gyps härter zu machen und so herzurichten, dafs die aus ihm hergestellten Gegenstände abgewaschen werden können. Beides hat nicht nur für die Verbesserung von geformten Gypsgegenständen hohen Werth, sondern auch für die Haltbarmachung und Reinigung von aus Gyps hergestellten Wänden, Dielen u. dergl., welche dadurch eine weit gröfsere Verbreitung finden würden als bisher. Die bisher nach dieser Richtung angestellten Versuche haben jedoch keinen durchschlagenden Erfolg gehabt.For a long time there has been an effort to make Gyps harder and to prepare them so that they are out objects made to him can be washed off. Both are not just for them Improvement of molded gypsum objects of great value, but also for preservation and cleaning of walls, floorboards and the like made of gypsum, which this would find a much wider distribution than before. The so far after this Attempts made towards this end, however, have not met with resounding success.
Vorliegende Erfindung betrifft nun ein einfaches und wenig kostspieliges Verfahren, welches den angegebenen Zweck in ungleich höherem Mafse erreicht, als es bisher geschehen ist.The present invention relates to a simple and inexpensive method which the stated purpose has been achieved to an incomparably greater degree than has hitherto been the case is.
Das Verfahren besteht darin, dafs entweder gebrannter Gyps mit der zu beschreibenden Flüssigkeit angemacht und vergossen wird oder dafs bereits fertig hergestellte Gegenstände aus reinem Gyps oder Mischungen von Gyps mit anderen Körpern mit dieser Flüssigkeit durch Aufstreichen oder Aufpinseln oder durch Eintauchen oder auf sonst eine Weise getränkt • werden. Die Flüssigkeit besteht aus einer Lösung von Ammoniumtriborat in Wasser, welche in der Weise hergestellt wird j dafs Borsäure in warmem Wasser gelöst und die nach der Formel (B 0BJ3 Hs N H^ berechnete Menge von Ammoniak hinzugesetzt wird. Dieses Salz bildet sich nur bei Temperaturen oberhalb 30 ° C. und besitzt ganz andere Eigenschaften und Lösungsverhältnisse als die bisher bekannten Verbindungen von Borsäure und Ammoniak. Es ist nicht nöthig, dafs die Borsäure vorher vollkommen in Wasser gelöst ist, denn durch den Zusatz von Ammoniak in der Wärme tritt Klarlösung ein. Die erhaltene Lösung, welche bei sehr niederer Temperatur Krystalle ausscheidet, wird entweder mit dem gebrannten Gyps vermischt oder auf die fertigen Gegenstände aufgetragen. Eine Dichtigkeit der Lösung von 8 bis 100B. hat sich als geeignet für die Tränkung herausgestellt. Die Tränkung oder Behandlung der Gegenstände erfolgt auf kaltem Wege.The procedure consists in either mixing up fired gypsum with the liquid to be described and pouring it, or soaking finished objects made of pure gypsum or mixtures of gyps with other bodies with this liquid by spreading or brushing on or by dipping or in some other way • will. The liquid consists of a solution of ammonium triborate in water, which is prepared in such a way that boric acid is dissolved in warm water and the amount of ammonia calculated according to the formula (B 0 B J 3 H s NH ^ is added. This salt is formed only at temperatures above 30 ° C. and has quite different properties and solution ratios than the previously known compounds of boric acid and ammonia clear solution in. the solution obtained, which separates crystals at a very low temperature, it is either mixed with the calcined gypsum, or applied to the finished articles. a density of the solution 8-10 0 B. has been found to be suitable for the impregnation. the The objects are soaked or treated in a cold way.
Nach der Behandlung mit Ammoniumtriborat werden die Gegenstände abgespült und getrocknet. Im Verlauf von etwa zwei Tagen wird die Oberfläche sehr hart, während die Härtung im Innern langsamer fortschreitet.After treatment with ammonium triborate, the items are rinsed and dried. Over the course of about two days, the surface becomes very hard, while the hardening inside progresses more slowly.
Das beschriebene eigenthümliche Ammoniumsalz der Borsäure ist bisher noch nicht bekannt gewesen, es ist ein wasserfreies Salz, und kein anderes . bis jetzt dargestelltes borsaures Ammonium ist in Wasser so leicht löslich, als das beschriebene, kein anderes eignet sich auch so gut wie dieses für den vorliegenden Zweck, obschon die Anwendung anderer Ammoniumtriborate nicht unbedingt ausgeschlossen ist. Soweit aus den bisherigen Versuchen erkennbar, beruht die Wirkung des Salzes in der Bildung eines Doppelsalzes von schwer oder unlöslichen borschwefelsaurem Calcium neben Ammoniumsulfat. Das letztere Salz verbindet sich zum Theil mit Calciumsulfat, das bei der Tränkung zum Theil in Lösung geht oder durch späteresThe peculiar ammonium salt of boric acid described is not yet known it is an anhydrous salt and no other. Up to now represented boric acid ammonium is as easily soluble in water as the one described, no other is also suitable as well as this for the present purpose, albeit the use of other ammonium triborates is not necessarily excluded. As far as can be seen from previous attempts, the effect of the salt is based on the formation of a double salt of poorly or insoluble calcium boron sulfate in addition to ammonium sulfate. The latter salt combines to form the Partly with calcium sulphate, which partly goes into solution during the impregnation or as a result of later
Abspülen beseitigt wird. Das im Gyps verbleibende Ammoniumcalciurnsulfat hat keinen schädlichen Einflufs, da es nicht auswittert, wie beispielsweise die beim Tränken von Gyps mit Borax sich bildenden wasserhaltigen Natriumverbindungen. Rinsing is eliminated. The ammonium calcium sulfate remaining in the gypsum has none harmful influence, as it does not weather, as for example when watering Gyps hydrous sodium compounds formed with borax.
Auch gegenüber dem Kaliumborat hat das Ammoniumborat grofse Vortheile. Die Lösung von Kaliumbörat, welche man durch Neutralisiren oder selbst durch Uebersättigen einer heifsen Kaliumcarbonatlösung mit Borsäure erhalten hat, scheidet schwerlösliches Monokaliumpentaborat B5 O10 KH4 + 2H2 O ab und es bleibt eine stark alkalische Lösung zurück. Ueberhaupt zersetzen sich die Lösungen der durch Zusammenschmelzen von Kali bezw. Kaliumcarbonat mit Borsäure erhaltenen Kaliumborate, ebenso auch die durch Vermischen von Kaliumcarbonat- bezw. Kalihydratlösung mit Borsäure erhaltenen Lösungen, namentlich unter Mitwirkung der Kohlensäure der Luft, so dafs immer stark alkalische Lösungen entstehen, ähnlich wie oben an der durch Neutralisiren bezw. Uebersättigen einer heifsen Kaliumcarbonatlösung mit Borsäure erhaltenen Lösung gezeigt. ist. Dafs sowohl durch freiwillige Zersetzung als auch durch Zersetzung unter Mitwirkung der Luftkohlensäure die Kaliumboratlösungen immer stark alkalisch sind bezw. werden, und auch, dafs überhaupt concentrate Lösungen eines neutralen oder sauren Kaliumborates nicht möglich sind, diese Eigenthümlichkeit des Kaliumborates steht wegen der verändernden Einwirkung von stark alkalischen Lösungen auf Gyps der Anwendung desselben zum Härten von Gyps entgegen, abgesehen davon, dafs aufserdem auch die stark alkalischen Lösungen den Arbeitern bezw. deren Händen nicht zuträglich sind. Das Ammoniumborat läfst sich eben neutral und dazu noch in concentrirter haltbarer Lösung herstellen, welche durch Kohlensäure der Luft nicht in schädlicher Weise beeinflufst wird, wie Kaliumborat. Hieraus schon erklärt sich, dafs das Ammoniumborat zu gedachtem Zweck bedeutend vortheilhafter als Kaliumborat sich verwenden läfst.Ammonium borate also has great advantages over potassium borate. The solution of potassium borate, which has been obtained by neutralization or even by over-saturating a hot potassium carbonate solution with boric acid, separates sparingly soluble monopotassium pentaborate B 5 O 10 KH 4 + 2H 2 O and a strongly alkaline solution remains. In general, the solutions decompose by melting potash or. Potassium carbonate with boric acid obtained potassium borates, as well as the respectively by mixing potassium carbonate. Potassium hydrate solution with boric acid, namely with the help of the carbonic acid of the air, so that strongly alkaline solutions are always formed, similar to the above with the neutralization or. Supersaturation of a hot potassium carbonate solution with boric acid is shown. is. That the potassium borate solutions are always strongly alkaline resp. and also that concentrated solutions of a neutral or acidic potassium borate are not possible at all, this peculiarity of the potassium borate, because of the changing action of strongly alkaline solutions on Gyps, stands in the way of its use for hardening Gyps, apart from the fact that it is also strong alkaline solutions the workers respectively. whose hands are not conducive. The ammonium borate can be produced neutrally and, moreover, in a concentrated, long-lasting solution which, like potassium borate, is not adversely affected by the carbonic acid of the air. This already explains that ammonium borate can be used for the intended purpose much more advantageously than potassium borate.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE65271C true DE65271C (en) |
Family
ID=339077
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DENDAT65271D Expired - Lifetime DE65271C (en) | Process for the production of hard and washable gypsum objects using ammonium triborate |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE65271C (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2557083A (en) * | 1947-07-22 | 1951-06-19 | Johnson & Johnson | Plaster bandage and method and composition for making same |
-
0
- DE DENDAT65271D patent/DE65271C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2557083A (en) * | 1947-07-22 | 1951-06-19 | Johnson & Johnson | Plaster bandage and method and composition for making same |
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