DE612205C - Process for removing acetylene from gas mixtures - Google Patents

Process for removing acetylene from gas mixtures

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Publication number
DE612205C
DE612205C DEI40040D DEI0040040D DE612205C DE 612205 C DE612205 C DE 612205C DE I40040 D DEI40040 D DE I40040D DE I0040040 D DEI0040040 D DE I0040040D DE 612205 C DE612205 C DE 612205C
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
acetylene
gas mixtures
hydrogen
gas
catalysts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEI40040D
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dr Hans Haeuber
Dr Eduard Linkckh
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IG Farbenindustrie AG
Original Assignee
IG Farbenindustrie AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IG Farbenindustrie AG filed Critical IG Farbenindustrie AG
Priority to DEI40040D priority Critical patent/DE612205C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE612205C publication Critical patent/DE612205C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/50Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
    • C01B3/56Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids
    • C01B3/58Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids including a catalytic reaction
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C7/00Purification; Separation; Use of additives
    • C07C7/148Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound
    • C07C7/163Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound by hydrogenation
    • C07C7/167Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound by hydrogenation for removal of compounds containing a triple carbon-to-carbon bond
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10KPURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K3/00Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/04Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0435Catalytic purification
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/04Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0465Composition of the impurity
    • C01B2203/048Composition of the impurity the impurity being an organic compound

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Entfernung von Acetylen aus Gasgemischen Wenn Gasgemische beliebiger Herkunft zwecks Isolierung der einzelnen Bestandteile durch Tiefkühlung verflüssigt oder wenn Gemische von Kohlenwasserstoffen zwecks Umwandlung in andere Kohlenwasserstoffe hohen Temperaturen ausgesetzt werden, so ist die Anwesenheit selbst von Spuren von Acetylen sehr störend. Im ersteren Falle wird das Acetylen xnitv erflüssigt und kann dann zu Explosionen Anlaß geben, im zweiten Falle ist die Anwesenheit von Acetylen eine der Ursachen für die an und zwischen den Katalysatoren auftretende Rußbildung.Process for removing acetylene from gas mixtures If gas mixtures of any origin for the purpose of isolating the individual components by freezing liquefied or when mixtures of hydrocarbons for the purpose of conversion into others Hydrocarbons exposed to high temperatures so is the presence very annoying even with traces of acetylene. In the former case it becomes acetylene xnitv liquefied and can then give rise to explosions, in the second case is the presence of acetylene one of the causes of on and between the catalysts occurring soot formation.

Es ist schon vorgeschlagen worden, Acetylen enthaltende Gasgemische über Bauxit, z. B. bei Temperaturen über 300°, oder über eisenhaltige Kontaktmassen, wie Kiesabbrand, bei q.oo bis 60o° zu leiten, um das Acetylen unschädlich zu machen. Abgesehen davon, daß bei Gasen, die gewisse Olefine enthalten, bei 300° und darüber liegenden Temperaturen Umwandlung dieser Gaskomponenten eintritt, ist es auch sehr unwirtschaftlich,- ein Gas auf 3000 aufzuwärmen und es dann, gegebenenfalls auf unter o° liegende Temperaturen, wieder abzukühlen.It has already been proposed to gas mixtures containing acetylene over bauxite, e.g. B. at temperatures above 300 °, or over iron-containing contact masses, such as gravel burn, at q.oo to 60o ° to make the acetylene harmless. Apart from the fact that, in the case of gases containing certain olefins, these gas components are converted at temperatures above 300 ° and above, it is also very uneconomical to heat a gas to 3000 and then cool it again, if necessary to temperatures below 0 ° .

Es wurde nun gefunden, daß man durch Überleiten von Acetylen und Olefine enthaltenden Gasen, und zwar auch solchen mit sehr hohem Olefingehalt, von beliebiger Herkunft in Gegenwart von Wasserstoff über einen in geeigneter Weise aus Chrom- und Nickelsalzen oder -oxyden, gegebenenfalls unter Zusatz anderer Salze oder Oxyde; hergestellten Katalysator bei unter 20o° liegenden Temperaturen Acetylen vollständig entfernen kann, ohne daß eine wesentliche Umwandlung der anderen ungesättigten Kohlenwasserstoffe erfolgt. Das Acetylen wird dabei teils zu Äthan hydriert, teils zu höher molekularen Kohlenwasserstoffen polymerisiert.It has now been found that acetylene and olefins can be passed over containing gases, including those with a very high olefin content, of any Origin in the presence of hydrogen via a suitably made of chromium and nickel salts or oxides, optionally with the addition of other salts or oxides; prepared catalyst at temperatures below 20o ° acetylene completely can remove without substantial conversion of the other unsaturated hydrocarbons he follows. The acetylene is partly hydrogenated to ethane, partly to higher molecular weight Polymerizes hydrocarbons.

Es ist bereits bekannt, 9 bis 1o 01, Acetylen= aber keine anderen Kohlenwasserstoffe enthaltende, -im übrigen zur Hauptsache aus Wasserstoff bestehende Gasgemische durch Überleiten über Katalysatoren auf Benzin und öl zu verarbeiten. Bei diesen mit zahlreichen, sehr verschiedenartigen Katalysatoren durch--geführten Versuchen wurden mit einem auf so Teile Eisen. z Teil Nickel enthaltenden Katalysator bei :25o° 6o °/o des durchgeschickten Acetylens in flüssige Produkte übergeführt, während ein ro Teile Chrom auf r Teil Nickel enthaltender Katalysator bei 25o° nur 30prozentige Ausbeuten an flüssigen Kohlenwasserstoffen lieferte. Hierbei erwiesen sich also Eisen-Nickel-Katalysatoren entsprechend zusammengesetzten Chrom-Nickel-Katalysatoren als bedeutend überlegen. Da das Ziel dieser Versuche in einer möglichst vollständigen Umwandlung gasförmiger Kohlenwasserstoffe in Benzin und Öl bestand, konnten sie keinen Aufschluß darüber geben, wie man zu verfahren hat, wenn aus Kohlenwasserstoffgasen lediglich geringe Mengen Acetylen bei möglichst niedriger Temperatur unter möglichst vollständiger Erhaltung der gasförmigen Kohlenwasserstoffe entfernt werden sollen. Es war nicht vorauszusehen, daß die bekannten chrom- und nickelhaltigen Katalysatoren die restlose Entfernung der geringen Acetylenbeimengungen aus Kohlenwasserstoffgasen bei Temperaturen unterhalb 2oo°, meist schon bei ioo°, ohne Umwandlung der gasförmigen Olefine, ermöglichen. Darin gerade besteht die Erfindung. Beispiel i Über einen mit Wasserstoff reduzierten Katalysator, erhalten durch Calcinieren von 3o Teilen Nickelnitrat und 16o Teilen Chromsäureanhydrid, wird bei ioo° ein von Schwefelwasserstoff und Kohlensäure gereinigtes, aus Braunkohlen hergestelltes Schwelgas, das neben etwa 26 °/o Olefinen etwa o,5 °1o Acetylen enthält, geleitet.It is already known that 9 to 10 01, acetylene = but not containing any other hydrocarbons, - otherwise gas mixtures consisting mainly of hydrogen - can be processed by passing them over catalysts to gasoline and oil. In these experiments, which were carried out with numerous, very different types of catalysts, iron was used with one part. Z part of nickel-containing catalyst converted into liquid products at: 25o ° 6o% of the acetylene sent through, while one part of chromium to r part of nickel-containing catalyst gave only 30% yields of liquid hydrocarbons at 250 °. In this case, iron-nickel catalysts were found to be significantly superior to chromium-nickel catalysts with a corresponding composition. Since the aim of these experiments was to convert gaseous hydrocarbons into gasoline and oil as completely as possible, they could not provide any information on how to proceed if only small amounts of acetylene were removed from hydrocarbon gases at the lowest possible temperature while preserving the gaseous hydrocarbons as completely as possible should be. It could not be foreseen that the known chromium- and nickel-containing catalysts would allow the complete removal of the small amounts of acetylene from hydrocarbon gases at temperatures below 200 °, usually already at 100 °, without conversion of the gaseous olefins. That is precisely what the invention consists of. Example i Using a catalyst reduced with hydrogen, obtained by calcining 30 parts of nickel nitrate and 16o parts of chromic anhydride, a carbonization gas, purified from hydrogen sulfide and carbonic acid and purified from hydrogen sulfide and carbonic acid, which, in addition to about 26% olefins, contains about 0.5 ° 1o contains acetylene, passed.

Nach dem Verlassen des Kontaktraumes ist das Gas acetylenfrei. . Beispiel z Über einen mit Wasserstoff reduzierten Kontakt, erhalten durch Calcinieren von 3o Teilen Braunstein, 8o Teilen Chromsäureanhydrid, 3o Teilen Nickelnitrat und 7o Teilen Silbernitrat, wird bei ioo° Wasserstoff geleitet, der durch thermische Zersetzung von Methan hergestellt ist und einige Prozent Acetylen enthält. Nach dem Verlassen des Kontaktraumes ist der Wasserstoff acetylenfrei.After leaving the contact area, the gas is free of acetylene. . example z Via a contact reduced with hydrogen, obtained by calcining 3o parts of manganese dioxide, 8o parts of chromic anhydride, 3o parts of nickel nitrate and 7o Parts of silver nitrate, hydrogen is passed at 100 °, by thermal decomposition is made of methane and contains a few percent acetylene. After leaving The hydrogen in the contact area is free of acetylene.

Die aus dem Acetylen entstandenen Produkte können in bekannter Weise entfernt werden. Beispiel 3 4m' Krackgas, das etwa :261/, Olefine, o,5 °/o Acetylen und geringe Mengen Schwefelwasserstoff und organische Schwefelverbindungen enthält, werden bei i 5o bis Zoo ° stündlich über 5 1 einer Kontaktmasse, die aus 3o Teilen technischem Nickelnitrat und r6o Teilen technischem Chromsäureanhydrid hergestellt wurde (vgl. Beispiel i) und als 30 cm hohe Schicht im Reaktionsgefäß angeordnet ist, geleitet. Das die Kontaktmasse verlassende Gas ist frei von Acetylen. Bei mehr als 4 Wochen langem Betrieb wurde keine Abnahme der Wirkung der Kontaktmasse festgestellt, was besonders bemerkenswert ist, da die Ausgangsstoffe der letzteren nur technisch rein waren.The products formed from the acetylene can be removed in a known manner. EXAMPLE 3 4m 'cracking gas, which contains about: 261 /, olefins, 0.5% acetylene and small amounts of hydrogen sulfide and organic sulfur compounds, are at 150 to 100 ° per hour over 5 liters of a contact mass consisting of 30 parts of technical nickel nitrate and r6o parts of technical chromic anhydride was prepared (see. Example i) and is arranged as a 30 cm high layer in the reaction vessel, passed. The gas leaving the contact mass is free of acetylene. After more than 4 weeks of operation, no decrease in the effect of the contact compound was found, which is particularly noteworthy since the starting materials of the latter were only technically pure.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Verfahren zur Entfernung von Acetylen aus Gasgemischen, welche bei *gewöhnlicher Temperatur gasförmige Olefine und geringe Prozentsätze Acetylen enthalten, ohne wesentliche Umwandlung der gasförmigen Olefine durch Behandlung, mit einem aus Chrom- und Nickelverbindungen hergestellten Katalysator bei erhöhter Temperatur in Gegenwart von Wasserstoff, - dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die Gase bei unter 2oo° C liegenden Temperaturen über die Katalysatoren leitet.PATENT CLAIM: Process for removing acetylene from gas mixtures, which at * ordinary temperature are gaseous olefins and low percentages Contain acetylene without substantial conversion of the gaseous olefins by treatment, with a catalyst made from chromium and nickel compounds at increased Temperature in the presence of hydrogen - characterized in that the gases passes over the catalysts at temperatures below 200 ° C.
DEI40040D 1929-12-05 1929-12-05 Process for removing acetylene from gas mixtures Expired DE612205C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEI40040D DE612205C (en) 1929-12-05 1929-12-05 Process for removing acetylene from gas mixtures

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEI40040D DE612205C (en) 1929-12-05 1929-12-05 Process for removing acetylene from gas mixtures

Publications (1)

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DE612205C true DE612205C (en) 1935-04-15

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1050756B (en) * 1955-09-10 1959-02-19 Bergwerksgesellschaft Hibernia Process for removing small amounts of acetylene from olefin-containing gas mixtures

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1050756B (en) * 1955-09-10 1959-02-19 Bergwerksgesellschaft Hibernia Process for removing small amounts of acetylene from olefin-containing gas mixtures

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