DE60031537D1 - ANISOMETRICALLY SHAPED CARBON AND / OR GRAPHITE PARTICLES, LIQUID SUSPENSIONS MADE FROM THEM AND FILMS AND LIGHT VALVES CONTAINING THEREOF - Google Patents

ANISOMETRICALLY SHAPED CARBON AND / OR GRAPHITE PARTICLES, LIQUID SUSPENSIONS MADE FROM THEM AND FILMS AND LIGHT VALVES CONTAINING THEREOF

Info

Publication number
DE60031537D1
DE60031537D1 DE60031537T DE60031537T DE60031537D1 DE 60031537 D1 DE60031537 D1 DE 60031537D1 DE 60031537 T DE60031537 T DE 60031537T DE 60031537 T DE60031537 T DE 60031537T DE 60031537 D1 DE60031537 D1 DE 60031537D1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
films
light valves
shaped carbon
particles
graphite particles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
DE60031537T
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE60031537T2 (en
Inventor
L Saxe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Research Frontiers Inc
Original Assignee
Research Frontiers Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Research Frontiers Inc filed Critical Research Frontiers Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE60031537D1 publication Critical patent/DE60031537D1/en
Publication of DE60031537T2 publication Critical patent/DE60031537T2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/17—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on variable-absorption elements not provided for in groups G02F1/015 - G02F1/169
    • G02F1/172—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on variable-absorption elements not provided for in groups G02F1/015 - G02F1/169 based on a suspension of orientable dipolar particles, e.g. suspended particles displays
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y20/00—Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention contemplates anisometrically shaped carbon-containing particles for use as the particles of a liquid light valve suspension, films and light valves. The anisometric carbon-containing particles are crystalline or amorphous particles and can have various geometrical shapes including, for example, fibrils. The above object is achieved by carefully controlling the size and shape of such particles.
DE60031537T 1999-06-07 2000-06-06 ANISOMETRICALLY SHAPED CARBON AND / OR GRAPHITE PARTICLES, LIQUID SUSPENSIONS MADE FROM THEM AND FILMS AND LIGHT VALVES CONTAINING THEREOF Expired - Lifetime DE60031537T2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US327760 1999-06-07
US09/327,760 US6529312B1 (en) 1999-06-07 1999-06-07 Anisometrically shaped carbon and/or graphite particles, liquid suspensions and films thereof and light valves comprising same
PCT/US2000/015573 WO2000075717A1 (en) 1999-06-07 2000-06-06 Anisometrically shaped carbon and/or graphite particles, liquid suspensions and films thereof and light valves comprising same

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE60031537D1 true DE60031537D1 (en) 2006-12-07
DE60031537T2 DE60031537T2 (en) 2007-08-23

Family

ID=23277944

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE60031537T Expired - Lifetime DE60031537T2 (en) 1999-06-07 2000-06-06 ANISOMETRICALLY SHAPED CARBON AND / OR GRAPHITE PARTICLES, LIQUID SUSPENSIONS MADE FROM THEM AND FILMS AND LIGHT VALVES CONTAINING THEREOF

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US6529312B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1192501B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4025070B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100447301B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE343810T1 (en)
AU (1) AU5727400A (en)
CA (1) CA2375735C (en)
DE (1) DE60031537T2 (en)
WO (1) WO2000075717A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6987602B2 (en) * 1999-06-07 2006-01-17 Research Frontiers Incorporated Anisometrically shaped carbon and/or graphite particles, liquid suspensions and films thereof and light valves comprising same
EP1194960B1 (en) * 1999-07-02 2010-09-15 President and Fellows of Harvard College Nanoscopic wire-based devices, arrays, and methods of their manufacture
US7758882B2 (en) * 2000-01-31 2010-07-20 Indiana University Research And Technology Corporation Composite biomaterial including anisometric calcium phosphate reinforcement particles and related methods
DE60044913D1 (en) 2000-10-06 2010-10-14 Mat & Electrochem Res Corp DOUBLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE, AND APPLICATIONS
US6522446B2 (en) * 2001-04-25 2003-02-18 Research Frontiers Incorporated Anisometrically shaped metal particles, liquid suspensions and films thereof and light valves comprising same
US6606185B2 (en) * 2001-06-12 2003-08-12 Research Frontiers Incorporated SPD films and light valves comprising liquid suspensions of heat-reflective particles of mixed metal oxides and methods of making such particles
US6804040B2 (en) * 2003-02-13 2004-10-12 Research Frontiers Incorporated Method and device for controlling voltage provided to a suspended particle device
US7417785B2 (en) * 2005-01-18 2008-08-26 Research Frontiers Incorporated Methods and circuits for distributing power to SPD loads
JP5321470B2 (en) 2008-01-23 2013-10-23 日立化成株式会社 Light control film
US20090241424A1 (en) * 2008-06-06 2009-10-01 Msa Aircraft Products Ltd. Modular Window For An Aircraft Including An SPD Lens And An Opaque Shade
JP5420982B2 (en) * 2008-06-18 2014-02-19 昭和電工株式会社 Carbon fiber and catalyst for carbon fiber production
JP5566628B2 (en) * 2008-06-18 2014-08-06 昭和電工株式会社 Carbon fiber manufacturing method
KR101496146B1 (en) * 2008-10-27 2015-03-03 삼성전자주식회사 Optical shutter having charged particle and display apparatus using the same
TWI460695B (en) * 2010-09-01 2014-11-11 Chien Min Sung Electronic device

Family Cites Families (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2041138A (en) 1930-03-10 1936-05-19 Sheet Polarizer Company Inc Process of forming improved light polarizing bodies
US1963496A (en) 1933-01-16 1934-06-19 Edwin H Land Light valve
US2178996A (en) 1936-03-16 1939-11-07 Polaroid Corp Suspension of light-polarizing particles and process of making same
US4164365A (en) 1972-07-31 1979-08-14 Research Frontiers Incorporated Light valve for controlling the transmission of radiation comprising a cell and a stabilized liquid suspension
US4442019A (en) * 1978-05-26 1984-04-10 Marks Alvin M Electroordered dipole suspension
US4273422A (en) 1978-08-10 1981-06-16 Research Frontiers Incorporated Light valve containing liquid suspension including polymer stabilizing system
US4247175A (en) 1978-10-31 1981-01-27 Research Frontiers Incorporated Light valve containing improved light valve suspension
US4407565A (en) 1981-01-16 1983-10-04 Research Frontiers Incorporated Light valve suspension containing fluorocarbon liquid
AU570439B2 (en) * 1983-03-28 1988-03-17 Compression Labs, Inc. A combined intraframe and interframe transform coding system
US5707916A (en) * 1984-12-06 1998-01-13 Hyperion Catalysis International, Inc. Carbon fibrils
US4663230A (en) * 1984-12-06 1987-05-05 Hyperion Catalysis International, Inc. Carbon fibrils, method for producing same and compositions containing same
US5002701A (en) 1989-02-10 1991-03-26 Research Frontiers Incorporated Light polarizing materials and suspensions thereof
US4877313A (en) 1986-09-30 1989-10-31 Research Frontiers Incorporated Light-polarizing materials and suspensions thereof
US5279773A (en) 1986-12-05 1994-01-18 Research Frontiers Incorporated Light valve incorporating a suspension stabilized with a block polymer
JP3029115B2 (en) * 1989-07-21 2000-04-04 ハイピリオン・カタリシス・インターナショナル・インコーポレイテッド Conductive sheet
US5093041A (en) 1990-07-30 1992-03-03 Research Frontiers Incorporated Light-polarizing material based on ethylenediamine polyacetic acid derivatives
US5463491A (en) 1991-11-01 1995-10-31 Research Frontiers Incorporated Light valve employing a film comprising an encapsulated liquid suspension, and method of making such film
US5463492A (en) 1991-11-01 1995-10-31 Research Frontiers Incorporated Light modulating film of improved clarity for a light valve
US5409734A (en) 1992-01-10 1995-04-25 Hankuk Glass Industries, Inc. Making liquid suspension type light valve film
US5516463A (en) 1993-07-21 1996-05-14 Research Frontiers Incorporated Method of making light-polarizing particles
US5650872A (en) * 1994-12-08 1997-07-22 Research Frontiers Incorporated Light valve containing ultrafine particles
US5728251A (en) * 1995-09-27 1998-03-17 Research Frontiers Inc Light modulating film of improved UV stability for a light valve
US6114405A (en) * 1997-10-09 2000-09-05 Research Frontiers Incorporated Ultraviolet radiation-curable light-modulating film for a light valve, and method of making same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1192501A4 (en) 2003-08-13
JP4025070B2 (en) 2007-12-19
CA2375735A1 (en) 2000-12-14
CA2375735C (en) 2005-11-29
US6529312B1 (en) 2003-03-04
WO2000075717A8 (en) 2001-05-10
KR100447301B1 (en) 2004-09-07
DE60031537T2 (en) 2007-08-23
EP1192501B1 (en) 2006-10-25
AU5727400A (en) 2000-12-28
EP1192501A1 (en) 2002-04-03
KR20020019066A (en) 2002-03-09
ATE343810T1 (en) 2006-11-15
JP2003501694A (en) 2003-01-14
WO2000075717A1 (en) 2000-12-14

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