DE592278C - Process for melting inorganic substances that are second class conductors in an electromagnetic high frequency field - Google Patents
Process for melting inorganic substances that are second class conductors in an electromagnetic high frequency fieldInfo
- Publication number
- DE592278C DE592278C DED56792D DED0056792D DE592278C DE 592278 C DE592278 C DE 592278C DE D56792 D DED56792 D DE D56792D DE D0056792 D DED0056792 D DE D0056792D DE 592278 C DE592278 C DE 592278C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- frequency field
- inorganic substances
- high frequency
- melting
- electromagnetic high
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012811 non-conductive material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/32—Burning methods
- C04B33/323—Burning methods involving melting, fusion or softening
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/32—Burning methods
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zum Schmelzen von anorganischen Stoffen, die Leiter zweiter Klasse sind, im elektromagnetischen Hochfrequenzfeld Bei den Schinelzprozessen, insbesondere solchen .für die verschiedensten metallurgischen Zwecke; bei denen es auf die Erzielung von sehr hohen Temperaturen ankommt, ist es wichtig, diese hohen Temperaturen in möglichst :einfacher, wirtschaftlicher und betriebssicherer Weise zu erzeugen und den ganzen Prozeß unter geringmöglichstem Wärmeverbrauch durchzuführen. Bei sehr zahlreichen solcher bei hohen Temperaturen verlaufenden Prozesse handelt ,es sich um das Schmelzen von an sich nichtleitenden anorganischen Stoffen, ,also Leitern zweiter Klasse, die erst bei sehr hohen Temperaturen schmelzbar sind und in feurig-flüssigem Zustande weiterverarbeitet werden.Process for melting inorganic substances, the ladder second Are class, in the electromagnetic high-frequency field in the Schinelz processes, especially those for a wide variety of metallurgical purposes; at them it is important to achieve very high temperatures high temperatures in the best possible way: simpler, more economical and more reliable Way to produce and to carry out the whole process with the lowest possible heat consumption. There is a large number of such processes taking place at high temperatures , it is the melting of inherently non-conductive inorganic substances, that is Second class ladders that can only be melted at very high temperatures and can be further processed in a fiery liquid state.
Solche Schmelzprozesse bilden Bestandteile vieler chemisch-metallurgischer Arheitsverfahren wie auch zahlreicher ohne nachträgliche chemische Umsetzung verlaufender Herstellungsverfahren. Beispiele für derartige Prozesse sind die Herstellung von Aluminium aus Bauxit, Titan aus Rutil, Zirkon aus M9nazitsand, die mannigfachen Schmelzprozesse der Oxyde, wie Tonerde, Magnesia, Chromoxyd und andere Carbide, Nitride und Boride und viele andere.Such melting processes form components of many chemical-metallurgical processes Poorness processes as well as numerous proceeding without subsequent chemical conversion Production method. Examples of such processes are the manufacture of Aluminum from bauxite, titanium from rutile, zircon from M9nazite sand, the manifold Melting processes of oxides such as alumina, magnesia, chromium oxide and other carbides, Nitrides and borides and many others.
Zur Erzeugung der hohen erforderlichen Temperaturen wird heute noch in vä;elen Fällen der :elektrische Widerstandsofen. verwendet, der aber ,eine große Anzahl von Nachteilen besitzt Insbesondere ist das Schmelzen unter Benutzung der Widerstandswärme teuer, der Stromverbrauch außerordentlich hoch und insbesondere der Strornanschluß an den aus Widerstandsmaterial. hergestellten Schmelztiegel wegen der auftretenden hohen Temperaturen sehr schwierig.To generate the high temperatures required is still used today in many cases the: electric resistance furnace. used, but, a big one In particular, melting using the Resistance heat expensive, the power consumption extremely high and in particular the current connection to the one made of resistance material. manufactured crucible because of the high temperatures that occur are very difficult.
Man ist deshalb bereits vor mehreren Jahren zu einem neuartigen Verfahren der Erhitzung übergegangen, bei dem man das zu schmelzende, nichtleitende Gut in einem aus feuerfestem, gutleitendem Material bestehenden Tiegel in ein magnetisches Hochfrequenzfeld bringt und durch die hierbei auftretenden Hochfrequenzinduktionsströme erhitzt. Dieses Verfahren weist wesentliche Vorteile gegenüber dem oben beschriebenen Erhitzen durch Widerstandsheizung auf, wenn es auch noch keineswegs als vollkommen betrachtet werden kann. Es erfordert immer die Verwendung eines Tiegels aus gutleitendem Material, vorzugsweise aus Kohle oder Graphit, der ziemlich starkwandig sein muß und für dessen Erhitzung eine erhebliche Wärmemenge erforderlich wird, die wieder den Stromverbrauch bei dem ganzen Prozeß ungünstig beeinflußt. Außerdem ist auch die Haltbarkeit von Graphittiegeln bei der hohen thermischen und mechanischen Beanspruchung nur eine begrenzte, so daß sie relativ häufig :ersetzt werden müssen.That is why a new type of process was started several years ago passed the heating, in which the non-conductive material to be melted is placed in a crucible made of refractory, highly conductive material into a magnetic one High-frequency field brings and through the high-frequency induction currents that occur here heated. This method has significant advantages over the one described above Heating up by resistance heating, even if it is by no means considered perfect can be viewed. It always requires the use of a crucible made of conductive Material, preferably made of carbon or graphite, which must be quite thick-walled and for the heating of which a considerable amount of heat is required, which again adversely affects the power consumption in the whole process. Besides is also the durability of graphite crucibles under high thermal and mechanical stress only a limited number, so that they have to be replaced relatively frequently.
Die Erfindung gibt nun die Möglichkeit, bei sämtlichen Schmelzprozessen an sichnichtleitender anorganischer Stoffe; wie der oben beispielsweise beschriebenen, die Benutzung eines Tiegels .aus gutleitendem Material vollkommen zu vermeiden und den ganzen Arbeitsprozeß damit wesentlich wirtschaftlicher und technisch vorteilhafter zu gestalten.The invention now offers the possibility of all melting processes in itself more non-conductive inorganic substances; like the one above, for example described, the use of a crucible. Made of highly conductive material completely to avoid and make the whole work process much more economical and to make technically more advantageous.
Grundgedanke der Erfindung ist, daß man das an sich nichtleitende Material nicht unter Vermittlung eines ohne weiteres leitenden Tiegels der Einwirkung des Höchfrequenzfeldes aussetzt und es hierdurch zum Schmelzen bringt, sondern daß man die Charge vor der Einführung in das Hochfrequenzfeld einem Erhitzüngsprozeß durch ,andere Wärmequellen in beliebiger Weise unterzieht und sie erst dann der Einwirkung des Hochfrequenzfeldes aussetzt, wenn die Temperatur .so weit gestiegen ist, daß eine gewisse Leitfähigkeit der Charge eingetreten ist. Die vorerhitzte Charge führt man zweckmäßig meinem nichtleitenden Behälter aus beliebigem hochtemperaturwechselbestän;digem Werkstoff in den Ofen ein.The basic idea of the invention is that one that is inherently non-conductive Material not under the mediation of an easily conductive crucible of action exposes the high frequency field and thereby melts it, but that the batch is subjected to a heating process before it is introduced into the high-frequency field by, other heat sources in any way and they only then the Exposure to the high frequency field when the temperature has risen so far is that a certain conductivity of the charge has occurred. The preheated Charge is expediently led to my non-conductive container from any high-temperature change-resistant digem Material in the furnace.
Dieses Verfahren hat mit dem bekannten Shiterverfahren zur Herstellung von zusammenhängenden Körpern, bei dem unter Umständen eine V orerwärmung des auf elektrischem Wege zu erhitzenden Gutes in anderer Weise unter gleichzeitiger Zumischung von leitenden Stoffen erfolgen soll, nichts zu tun. Bei dem bekannten Verfahren handelt es sich weder um ein Schmelzen, noch bezweckt die Vorerwärmung das Leibendmachen von Leitern zweiter Klasse wie das neue Verfahren gemäß der Erfindung.This process has to do with the well-known Shiter process of connected bodies, which may require preheating of the electrical way to be heated in a different way with simultaneous admixture of conductive materials should be done, to do nothing. In the known method it is not a matter of melting, nor is the preheating intended to make the body finish of second class ladders like the new method according to the invention.
Dieses bietet den bekannten Verfahren gegenüber ,außerordentliche Vorteile, insbesondere hinsichtlich der Ersparnis, die durch die Möglichkeit eintritt, statt der relativ teueren elektrischen Energie teilweise billigere Wärmequellen zu verwenden.Compared to the known methods, this offers extraordinary Advantages, especially with regard to the savings that arise from the possibility of instead of the relatively expensive electrical energy, sometimes cheaper heat sources to use.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DED56792D DE592278C (en) | 1928-10-17 | 1928-10-17 | Process for melting inorganic substances that are second class conductors in an electromagnetic high frequency field |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DED56792D DE592278C (en) | 1928-10-17 | 1928-10-17 | Process for melting inorganic substances that are second class conductors in an electromagnetic high frequency field |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE592278C true DE592278C (en) | 1934-02-05 |
Family
ID=7056983
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DED56792D Expired DE592278C (en) | 1928-10-17 | 1928-10-17 | Process for melting inorganic substances that are second class conductors in an electromagnetic high frequency field |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE592278C (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2197677A1 (en) * | 1972-09-05 | 1974-03-29 | Gleason Works |
-
1928
- 1928-10-17 DE DED56792D patent/DE592278C/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2197677A1 (en) * | 1972-09-05 | 1974-03-29 | Gleason Works |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE1483641A1 (en) | Method for casting cavities | |
EP0526718A1 (en) | Method for induction heating of ceramic parts | |
DE592278C (en) | Process for melting inorganic substances that are second class conductors in an electromagnetic high frequency field | |
DE623410C (en) | ||
AT143624B (en) | Process for the production of shaped pieces which contain waste or powder of mica mixed with glass flux. | |
DE507074C (en) | Process for operating electric ovens to generate high temperatures | |
DE485954C (en) | Electrodes for spark gaps | |
DE2364329A1 (en) | PROCESS FOR TREATMENT OF CHROMED METAL PARTS | |
DE513445C (en) | Non-reinforced press mold for hot pressing hard bodies made of powdery material | |
DE610407C (en) | Insulating body or layer for indirectly heated cathodes of electrical discharge vessels | |
AT126373B (en) | Process for the production of electrical resistance bodies. | |
DE324391C (en) | Process for the production of dense castings from aluminum using highly heated molds | |
DE193367C (en) | ||
DE683110C (en) | Electric tungsten or molybdenum resistance furnace | |
DE651994C (en) | Fireproof body | |
DE470859C (en) | Induction furnace | |
DE1005601B (en) | Ground resistance | |
DE545095C (en) | Process for the production of acetic anhydride | |
DE405236C (en) | Method of manufacturing refractory bodies | |
DE425862C (en) | Process for the production of highly refractory fittings | |
DE417392C (en) | Process for the production of fittings from tungsten carbides | |
DE708676C (en) | Iron bolts or other parts for heating and cooking appliances | |
DE727529C (en) | Method of starting an electric furnace for high temperatures | |
DE429233C (en) | Process for the production of electrical resistance bodies, in particular heating bodies, from metal oxides or other metal compounds | |
DE1280019B (en) | Crucible for the vapor deposition of aluminum layers under subatmospheric pressure |