DE566836C - Selector for telephone systems with line contacts divided into groups and with a switching element that can be moved in one direction - Google Patents

Description

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The invention relates to voters with line contacts and divided into groups with a switching element movable in a path direction, the one corresponding to the contact groups Number of brush sets connected in parallel, of which one by mechanical influence to close the contacts is made effective with the contacts of his management group. Such voters are known as multiple brush voters with mechanical brush selection partly known as rotary selector, partly as rod selector. These voters show opposite others a plurality of brush sets; for this they combine the following decisive factors Advantages. The switching element only performs a simple rotary movement or in the case of rod selectors a straight back and forth movement. Furthermore, all switching steps, including those for group selection, are on the same length, determined by the distance between two consecutive line contacts Shift travel limited. As a result of the above two properties, there is a corresponding one for the selector gear Simplification. At last there is a favorable opportunity to apply the economic and flat bank multiples particularly suitable for large groups of lines. The invention aims to improve it the aforementioned brush selector through a special design of the drive and the movement control of the switching element, the essential relief for the Her-SS position and for the use as well as for an extended use of the voters he brings.

The multiple brush selectors have so far been similar to other machine-driven selectors or electromagnetic stepper drive. The suitability of the two drives is known to be assessed differently. In general, the opinion so far exists that for voters with a heavy switching element, as they come into consideration for multiple brush selectors and for large management groups, the machine drive is particularly suitable and that this is based on the selector setting that takes place directly through number current impulses must be dispensed with, whereas voters with step-by-step operation are easily built have to be and only for smaller numbers of lines, z. B. up to 100 lines, suitable. Logically, from this different suitability of the voters with machine and stepper drive draws a conclusion about the legitimacy and necessity of the two drives. Finally they were in the case of voters with step-by-step operation, the strong dependencies that existed so far in the Current impulses from third-party devices (rotary dials, relays and circuit breakers) and the resulting adjustment difficulties are seen as inevitable.

These previously s ₅ relevant views are overtaken by the invention. It will be shown that in the case of selectors which can be set step-by-step directly by number current surges, the weight of the switching element is insignificant within wide limits, ie that

Switching elements also with step selectors now without the aid of machine drives and Number memories can be built big and heavy. It will also be found that the dependencies on external devices that existed up to now with the step pickers and the associated adjustments can be restricted to a minimum. These improvements, based on multiple brush voters ίο, become a voter implementation achieved, which previously from the electromagnetic stepper drive and machine drive no longer knows the generated opposites and therefore a full compensation for the previously unequal Creates voter executions.

According to the invention, the switching element is driven by an individually stored force the voter released by a locking device designed as a ratchet mechanism in such a way that the switching element at a through number bursts taking place step movements of consistently uniform length, while it is used for an automatic viewfinder selection Setting the switching distance to be covered runs through continuously sliding.

The use of a storage force to move the switching element when it is set is known per se and likewise the use of one designed as a clinker mechanism Locking device for releasing the switching element. Previous use of this Medium, however, refers to voters with only one brush set, making one of the introductory Assumed properties that are necessary for the success of the invention to occur what matters is missing. Namely to the disturbing influence of the weight of the To eliminate switching elements, it is essential to use the switching speeds prescribed for voters to contest with the lowest possible running speeds of the switching element. For this purpose, first of all, the Group selection must absolutely avoid long switching paths, and secondly, when selecting the viewfinder a step-by-step movement for which there is no need and which is due to the movement notches that are omitted between the individual switching steps result in unnecessary loss of time provides and requires an excessive increase in speed of the switching element to catch up with the same, also to avoid. When the known voter is attracted, the presence of only one set of brushes forces one behind the other at the same time arranged contact groups for the use of large group selection steps and incidentally a cumbersome electrical control of the switching element when adjusting Number bursts. To make up for the lack of large group voting steps, voters, as well as their designation, must as a high-speed voter says, even with moderately large management groups excessively run fast, and the switching element must accordingly be extremely light. the resulting limitation of these voters to small groups, including the The mentioned complication of the device for dialing the number does not apply to the multiple brush selectors on which the invention is based, in which the group and Individual line selection has consistently small switching paths.

Regarding the mentioned locking device for the release of the switching element two exemplary embodiments are given, both of which have the property that they are applicable to all Use cases by voters, e.g. B. as a call finder, group and line selector, one ensure uniform construction of the same.

A special feature of the invention is the pneumatic device for renewal the storage force required to adjust the switching element. Compared to known similar The present device differs in that it is electrically controlled Avoids valves.

Further supplementary inventive measures, which emerge from the description, relate on the design of the switching element and the mechanical brush actuation using a bar selector with flat bank multiple as an example. In the drawings: Fig. I is a front view of a complete selector for 100 lines,

Fig. 2 shows a section of the selector at point 2-2 in Fig. I,

Fig. 3 to 5 the switching element in front view and section as well as in the overall structure,

Fig. 6 to 9 the engine in different views,

Fig. 10 to 14 speed diagrams to explain the mode of operation of the voter,

Figs. 15 and 16 show a circuit arrangement for the various ways in which the voter is used,

Fig. 17 the structural arrangement of the changeover contacts controlled by the selector,

Fig. 18 a special version of the engine. ·

According to FIGS. 1 and 2, the selector consists of a switching element 100 running across the ten bank strips 1 to 10 of the contact field, an engine 200 and three sets of contacts e, f, g.

The horizontal bank strips 1 up to 10 are equidistant

other and form the composite of sheet metal and insulation strips in a known manner Flat bank multiple for a majority of similar voters. Each bank slip contains the contacts of a line group made up of ten triple lines. The multiple contacts of the individual voters are ongoing distributed over three rows ii to 13 in the direction of movement of the switching element.

The counting of the bank strips or the line groups goes from bottom to top and the number of lines within the groups from top to bottom. The contacts the line no. 23 are, for example, in the second bank strip from the bottom to the third Place from above.

A bar 14 with three power supply rails 15 for the three brushes a, b, ₃ c of the brush sets 104 of each selector is provided above the bank mashine.

In the case of the call seekers, according to the drawing below the bank account a special bank strip 16 is added. It contains the contacts for ten continuous ones Decade lines used by callers to determine the group in which the calling Subscriber line is required. The contacts 17 of this bank strip form a simple row for each voter with a power supply rail running next to it 18th

Bank strips 1 to 10 and 16 as well as the Bar 14 with the power supply lines 15 are mounted in a frame 19, which at the same time serves as a mounting base for the remaining parts of the voter. The framework enables that fit right assembly of all electoral parts to a closed whole, independently of the other devices with which the voters can subsequently switch to racks get connected.

The switching element shown in Fig. 3, 4 and S is composed of two parts, namely a brush holder or carriage

+5 and a brush selector or slider 106.

The carriage is on four bolts 20 at the top

and stored at the bottom on the W ⁷ counter frame 19 (Fig. 2). According to FIGS. 3 and 4, it consists of two angle rails 107, between which the brush sets 104 are fastened in an exchangeable manner at certain intervals. The carriage contains a separate set of brushes 104 for each bank strip 1 to 10, each with three brushes a, b, c lying flat next to one another, which are embedded in insulating compound 108. At the top of the slide (FIG. 2) there are still three slide springs 109 for brushing the three current guide rails 15. All the brushes of the same name a, b, c of the brush sets 104 are connected to one another and the corresponding slide spring 109 by wires 110, whereby the electrical connection of all the brush sets 104 to the power supply rails 15 is permanently established. If the dialer is used as a call seeker, then the carriage 105 (Fig. 3) carries at its lower end a further two-part set of brushes, the brushes d and 113 of which are connected to one another. The brush d of this brush set in FIG. 5 brushes the contacts of the decade lines arranged in the row 17 (FIG. 1) of the bank strip 16, while the brush 113 is always connected to the power supply rail 18.

In contrast to the brush set 111, the brush sets 104 are usually ineffective, ie the brushes a, b, c are usually at a certain distance from the contact field and rest against a three-sided prism 114 made of insulating material arranged in their back.

The prisms 114 rotatably mounted in the angle rails 107 are intended to make the Jtsurstensätze 104 individually effective for making contact. This is done by turning a prism by 60 ^ so that its edge presses against the springs a, b, c and lifts them out of the space of the two angle rails 107 (see middle brush set in Figs. 3 and 4). The prisms are rotated by a three-toothed wheel _ attached to the side of each prism. 115 and by pins 116 attached to the Bürstenaus selector slide 106. The pins no are offset with respect to the prisms 114 so that the gears 115 of the prisms come up to the individual pins 116 one after the other when the slide 105 is shifted relative to the slide 106, these in the Engage cogwheels 115 of the prisms and turn the prisms one after the other. The voter in the drawing assumes, for example, that the slide 105 as the heavy part of the entire switching element ¹ QS moves downwards in both choices, while the slide 106 as the light part of the entire switching element is held in the first choice and only in the second Choice is moved. When the carriage 105 moves downwards with the slide 106 stationary, the prisms 114, starting from the lowest brush set 104, rotate one after the other by 60 ° for each switching step or by 120 ° for two switching steps. In Fig. 3 and 4 the carriage 105 has lowered itself by two switching steps, so that the prism of the second brush set is rotated by 60 °, this brush set is in the operative position. The prism of the first brush set has ^{been rotated a total of 120 0} , so the brush set was

566

was relocated in the first switching step and raised again in the second switching step. The third set of brushes would be flipped over and the second set up again, when the carriage 105 lowered itself by one more indexing step.

In order to bring about this progressive flipping of the brush sets, the pins 116 of the slide rod 106 are removed from the gears 115 of the prisms 114 by a number of switching steps increasing from bank to bank. The distances are shown in the diagram in Fig. S on the right with the reference symbols x ¹ , x ² , ... Ji; ¹⁰ , where the number index means the number of steps.

The application of a set of brushes 104, which was covered by the selection of the line group or the bench strip Step number of the carriage 105 is determined must always take place in a position of from the brush in question, the number of individual lines with the next switching step can begin, d. H. one switching step before the first contact of this bank strip. Because of this, the brush sets must

104 with respect to the associated contact groups or bank strips 1 to 10 as well be offset in a certain way.

Here, too, the offset, calculated from the first brush, increases by one switching step for each subsequent group. The left standing numeral ^x% in the scheme of Fig. 5, x ^s, x ... ¹¹ denote their number index in the removal step lengths of the brush sets of the respective first contact their bank strip.

The mechanism described above for mechanical brush selection also works at the resetting of the voter in its starting position, since when the sled is going up

105 at the end of a connection, the pins χ 16 of the slide 106 rotate the prisms 114 in the reverse order and direction, whereby the brushes are turned over and raised again, progressing from one set to the next. So that the brushes a, b, c inclined towards the contacts do not compress at the contacts of the bank strips 1-10, they are folded, as will be seen later, again outside their contact field, this time below the last contact of each bank strip .

The total height of fall of the slide is 22 indexing steps, ten of which are for the selection of the ten management groups and another ten for the selection of the ten individual heads are used in the management groups, while the other two are used to initiate the resetting of the voter to be needed. The height of fall of the slide is only half as many switching steps, because the slide, as mentioned, only joins the slide movement with the second choice. At the end of a connection, the slide and slide continue the falling movement until the slide reaches its end position achieved. This is the case when the slide has covered a total of eleven steps. In this position, the restoration of the parts begins regularly in such a way that initially the sled again alone by the same distance that it initially selected for the group has traveled alone, is lifted, whereupon the slide is taken and both parts finally arrive back together in the starting position.

During this different movement of the carriage 105 and the slide 106, the contact spring sets e, f, g shown in FIG. 1 are actuated. These contact spring sets are fastened to a housing 21 which surrounds the upper end of the switching element 100. They are controlled by the switching element in Fig. 17. The contact spring set e is actuated by a pimple 117 which is fastened to one angle rail 107 of the slide and which stands between the two springs 22 in the rest position of the slide. If the slide is lowered in the first choice, then the pimple 117 leaves the position shown, and the contacts of the spring set e are turned over. The contact spring set / is actuated in a similar manner by a pimple 108 which is fastened to the slide 106 and which is located between the two springs 23 in the rest position of the slide. The contact set g is actuated by a pimple 24 which is attached to the right end of a lever 26 which is rotatably mounted about the axis 25. The lever 26 is usually in the position shown, so that the pimple 24 presses the springs 27 apart. Only when the slide 106 is brought to its lowest position, which occurs when the selector continues to move for the purpose of resetting, does the pin 112 attached to the slide 106 hit the left end of the lever 26 from above and move it to the position shown in dotted lines, the pimple 24 emerging from the feathers 27. If the slide 106 is then returned to its rest position when the selector is reset, the pimple 118 presses from below against the left end of the lever 26 during the last upward movement and turns it back into the normal position. All contact sets therefore remain unchanged after their first actuation until the carriage 105 and the slide 106 reach the starting position again by lifting them up.

The engine 200 shown in Figs. 6 to 9 is that part of the selector that does the movement of the switching element 100, that is, the falling and re-lifting of the carriage 105 and of the slide 106 controls. The engine is an independently exchangeable part of the apparatus, which is attached to the selector frame 19 below the switching element.

Elongate a square on the front A round guide rod 203 is attached to the base plate 201 by means of an angle 202. Behind the guide rod 203 is located in the upper half of the base plate 201 an elongated opening 204. Between the opening 204 and the guide rod 203 is a flat rack 205 slidably arranged. The rack 205 is on her upper end by means of an Ouerstückes 206 in the opening 204 of the base plate 201 and on its lower end is guided on the guide rod 203 by means of a bent leg 207. On the rear part of the crosspiece 206 of the rack 205 lies between the angle rails 107 of the carriage 105 clamped bracket 119 (Fig. 3). The movement of the carriage 105 thus becomes dominated by the rack 205.

On the guide rod 203 is also a U-shaped bracket 208 out. The lower bearing point 209 of this bracket is in the Rest position at a distance of eleven switching steps from leg 207 of the rack 205. The upper bearing point of the bracket carries an approach 210 backwards, the engages in a groove 120 of the slide 106. The bracket 208 thereby controls the movement of the slide 106.

The toothed rack 205 has different toothing on the two narrow sides.

The teeth 211 are in the form of drive teeth and extend over a length of 22 switching steps, that is to say the entire height of fall of the selector; the teeth 212 are designed as downwardly directed ratchet teeth and extend over a length of ten switching steps.

On the bracket 208 on the axis 213 there is a lever 214 designed as a double-sided The pawl 215 is rotatably mounted and is held against the ratchet teeth 212 by a leaf spring 216 is pressed. In the idle state of the engine shown in the drawing, the The pawl 215 is removed from the lowermost ratchet tooth 212 by one switching step and is located on the toothless narrow side of the rack 205. One on the base plate 201 The fixed electromagnet Λ "holds the upper one with its armature 217 (Fig. 8) when it is tightened Arm of the pawl lever 215 fixed and thus the pawl 215 against the action of the spring 216 out of engagement with the ratchet teeth 212. The rack 205 can in this position of the pawl 215 make a downward movement by itself, while the bracket 208 held back in its initial position by a helical spring 218 wound around the guide rod 203 will. The spring 218 is so strongly compressed in the rest position of the engine that that they are in the downward movement of the rack 205, regardless of the decrease in the Tension, always presses sufficiently strongly against the upper bearing point of the bracket 208.

As soon as the armature 217 releases the lever 214 when the electromagnet N is de-energized and the pawl 215 engages the ratchet teeth 212 under the action of the leaf spring 216, the action of the spring 218 is canceled and the bracket 208 is inevitably taken along by the rack 205. The slide 105 resting on the Ouerstück 206 of the rack 205 then moves simultaneously with the slide 106 coupled by the extension 210 of the bracket 208.

If, as a result of a failure of the electromagnet N, the pawl 214 does not fall into the ratchet teeth 212 at the latest in the tenth switching step, the bracket 208 is also taken along by the guide leg 207 of the rack 205 to ensure the further movement and resetting of the switching element the eleventh step strikes the lower bearing point 209 of the bracket.

The downward movement of the rack 205 is regulated by a locking device controlled by a release magnet M. This device is fastened as an interchangeable component of the engine on four columns 219 in front of the guide rod 203 on the base plate 201. A shaft 222 with a drive wheel 223, a ratchet wheel 224 and a driver wheel 225 is rotatably mounted in a special base plate 220 and a bridge 221 above it. The drive wheel 223 engages in the drive teeth 211 of the rack 205 and transfers the weight of the switching element resting on the rack and the pressure of the helical spring 218 to the ratchet wheel 224. This catches with a double pawl attached to the armature 226 of the release magnet M (escapement) pressure and allows a downward movement of the rack 205 only in accordance with the effected by the release magnet M oscillations of the double pawl 227. the trigger magnet M brings during tightening and at the fall of its armature 226, the two pawls 227 alternately in a firing and a blocking position, so that the ratchet wheel 224 with every excitation and de-excitation of the electrical

magnets M makes one rotation around one tooth pitch as a whole. The tooth pitch of the ratchet wheel 224 and the gear ratio of the drive wheel 223 to the drive teeth S 211 of the rack 205 are selected so that each increment of the ratchet wheel 224 by one tooth results in an increment of the rack 205 and the carriage 105 by one switching step. Each current impulse acting on the tripping magnet M therefore triggers the carriage to advance by one switching step.

The driving wheel 225 transmits its movement to a drive 228, on the shaft 229 of which a breaker disk 230 is attached. As it rotates, this interrupter disk 230 occurs between the tabs 232 of the semicircular contact springs i. The transmission ratio of the drive 228 to the driver wheel 225 is selected such that the interruption disk 230 causes a contact opening and a contact closing of the springs i with each rotation of the shaft 222 about one tooth of the ratchet wheel 224, i.e. with each switching step. The interrupter disk 230 is set on the shaft 229 so that the contact i is closed in the rest position of the engine. However, the contact is opened as soon as the release magnet M has released the ratchet wheel 224; but it is always closed again when the ratchet wheel passes through the next locked position.

The purpose of the interrupter contact i is to regulate the current impulse for the tripping magnet M, which is dependent on the movement of the switching element, in order to achieve a uniform movement of the switching element. If the magnet M is switched into a circuit running via the contact i in a manner which will be explained in more detail later, the magnet is excited via the contact which is closed in the rest position and attracts its armature 226. The right arm of the double pawl 227 (Fig. 6) releases the ratchet 224, which starts rotating under the pressure of the switching element, while the left arm of the double pawl 227 comes into the meshing area of the ratchet teeth. Before the next ratchet tooth strikes the left arm of the double pawl 227, the disc 230 interrupts the circuit by opening the contact i , so that the armature 226 falls under the action of the spring 250, the left arm of the pawl 227 takes out of the engagement area and the put your right arm in the path of the next ratchet. However, before this strikes the right arm of the double pawl, the further rotation of the interrupter disk 230 closes the contact ι again, as a result of which the magnet M responds again and the processes are repeated. The current impulse for the release magnet M controlled by the switching element thus causes the double pawl 227 to oscillate in such a way that it constantly evades the movement with the teeth of the ratchet wheel 224. The ratchet wheel can continuously rotate freely, so that the switching element performs a uniform movement.

A button on the rear side of the base plate 201 serves to reset the switching element arranged air propulsion device (Figs. 8 and 9) consisting of a cylinder 233 with piston 234 and a valve 235. The piston 234 is connected by a rod 236 connected to the guide crosspiece 206 of the rack 205 on which the bracket 119 of the switching element rests. The valve 235 connects the lower cylinder space either through duct 237 with the outside air or through duct 238 with a compressed air supply line 239. By means of the rod 240, the valve body 235 is in the rest position through a on the front side of the base plate 201 attached leaf spring 241 is pressed to the left, whereby the cylinder space with the outside air connected is. The valve body is moved mechanically by means of the bracket 208 of the engine. This takes on approaching its lowest position with its lower bearing point 209 a likewise arranged on the front side of the base plate 201, provided with a shoulder 242 slide 243 downwards with. The slide lifts the leaf spring with a shoulder 244 241, whereupon the compressed air in the supply line 239 moves the valve body 235 to the right pushes and flows into the lower cylinder chamber. Since the piston rod 236 and the Rack 205 connected at their upper ends, lifts the incoming Compressed air the rack 205 together with the carriage 105. The bracket 208 and the with it coupled slide 106 of the switching element, however, initially remain in their deepest position Position, because the bracket 208 in this position by an incident in its groove 245 Pawl 246 is held. When the rack 205 is raised so far that they are the same relative position to the Bracket 208 assumes the same as in the rest position, ie in which the guide leg 207 of the rack 205 is just 11 paces from the lower bearing point 209 of the bracket, presses a nose 247 attached to the leg 207 against the shoulder 248 of the pawl 246. The pawl is thereby lifted out of the groove 245, the bracket is released and with the further

Lifting movement of the rack 205 taken into the starting position. When approaching the lower bearing point 209 of the bracket abuts the approach at the initial position 249 of the valve slide 243 and pushes it upwards. This causes the leaf spring 241 released, which now adjusts the valve 235 again. The one in that Air trapped in cylinder 233 can now escape through the open channel 237 escape. The resetting of the switching element and the engine parts is now complete.

During the downward movement of the rack 205, the piston 234 brakes the falling movement, because it sucks in air through the small opening 251 in the upper cylinder space and at the same time the air present in the lower cylinder space through the relatively small one Valve channel 237 displaced. By attaching a control device, not shown for the inflow port 251, the gradual and uniform falling motion be dampened to a greater or lesser extent.

The general mode of operation of the voter

To select the desired group of lines, the electromagnet M receives current impulses which cause the double pawl 227 to release the ratchet wheel 224 and thus the rack 205 on which the brush slide 105 rests. The movement of the brush slide and the toothed rack takes place gradually or uniformly under the influence of the weight of the slide, depending on whether the current impulses are generated by a number switch or the breaker contact i and the breaker disk 230 moved by the toothed rack. As soon as the brush carriage leaves the rest position, the contact spring set e is actuated. During this first movement of the selector, the magnet N is excited, which keeps the pawl 215 out of engagement with the ratchet teeth 212 of the rack 205. The bracket 208 and the brush selection slide 106 coupled to it by the extension 210 therefore remain in the rest position under the influence of the helical spring 218. As a result, the carriage 105 with the brush sets 104 attached to it moves in relation to the slide 106. The cogs 115 of the prisms 108 of the individual brush sets 104 successively hit pins 116 of the fixed slide 106 first (lowest) set of brushes 104 started - rotated and the set of brushes moved into the effective position, but becomes ineffective again in the next switching step due to further rotation of the prism.

When the desired line group is selected, ie when the corresponding brush set has been activated, the brushes a, b, c of this brush set are one switching step before the top contact of the corresponding bank strip. The magnet N is now de-energized and releases the pawl 215, which engages the teeth 212 and couples the bracket 208 to the rack 205. With the further movement of the carriage 105, the slide 106 is taken along and actuates the contact spring set f. The effective brush set slides over the contacts of the bank strip of the selected group. As soon as the desired individual line is reached, the movement of the slide is stopped by means of the pawl 227 by the magnet M.

If the selector is to be returned to the rest position, then the magnet first receives new current impulses, so that the slide 105 and slide 106 are moved further ⁸ S until the slide 106 reaches its lowest position. In this position, the contact spring set g is actuated by pin 112 and lever 26 and the circuit for the magnet M is interrupted. The bearing point 209 of the bracket 208 moves the slide 243, which releases the valve 235 by lifting the spring 241. Compressed air flows into the cylinder 233, which moves the piston 234 together with the rack 205 and the slide 105 upwards. The slide 106 and bracket 208 are initially held in place by the pawl 246. As a result, the toothed wheels 115 of the prisms that are folded over in the group selection strike one after the other on the pins n6 of the slide 106. The brush sets that are folded over in the group selection are actuated again in the reverse order. This happens when the brush sets approach the last (lowest) contact i ° 5 of their bench strip. When the first set of brushes, which is turned down last, is at rest, the leg 207 of the rack 205 takes the pawl 246 out of the bracket 208, so that the slide 106 and the carriage 105 return together to the initial position. Here, the contact sets e, f, g are transferred to the rest position. Furthermore, the bracket 208 takes the slide 243 with it, as a result of which the leaf spring 241 closes the valve 235.

The 'Fig. 10 to 14 places different Diagrams for the switching element, which the reduction sought in the invention show the intrinsic speed of the switching element, which partly increases the switching capacity, part of the weight of the switching element

is used. Time is on the abscissa and vehicle speed is on the ordinate of the switching element applied, while the hatched areas are those of the switching element represent paths covered.

Fig. Io applies to a voter with electromagnetic Step drive when selecting the viewfinder. The practically achievable number of steps is about 50 steps per second since for every anchor tightening and every anchor drop approx. 10 m / sec. are needed. Here only half the setting time of each switching step is used for the movement the other half goes through the one omitted between the individual switching movements Resting lost. The movements themselves are greatly accelerated, and so is the speed curve therefore tapers towards the top. Fig. 11 shows the situation for the case that the switching element the same switching path at a uniform speed, for example in a uniformly decelerated falling motion. The initial slope corresponds to the curve the run-up. As in Fig. 10, the numbers attached below indicate the time in which the individual sections of the switching path are traversed. The equality the sections and the entire switching path is based on the equality of the corresponding Areas in Figs. 10 and 11 protrude. A comparison shows that in Fig. 10 the final speed of the switching element at each switching step ^ /, times as large as in Fig. 11, though the setting time in the latter case is even shorter by a period of time.

Fig. 12 applies to a voter with electromagnetic Step drive when dialing numbers. The usual number of steps is only ten steps per second. The difference compared to Fig. 10 is only expressed by the between the switching movements falling snaps off. These are amal as long as the movements. the Movements of the switching element last as long as in Fig. 10, because with voters with exclusive electromagnetic stepper drive, the speed of the switching element must be adapted to the fastest switching speed (Fig. 10) and cannot be changed is. The developed speed is obviously unnecessarily great for the purpose of dialing numbers.

In contrast, Fig. 13 shows the situation in the event that the voter works according to the invention with number current surge reception. The final speed of the switching element at each switching step is 5 to 6 times smaller than in the previous case, because the escapement divides each step into two half-steps and secondly the drive is carried out by a continuously acting force (gravity), which generates a uniformly accelerated movement. The hatched areas of two half steps in Fig. 13 each correspond to a hatched area in Fig. 12.

The movements of the switching element are when the switching steps are triggered by means of of an escapement is far less dependent on the accuracy of the dialing bursts than with the electromagnetic stepper drive. Brief power surges are sufficient to trigger the movements shown in Fig. 13. Even with very short power surges, there is no failure, since in this case the two half-steps in one step according to Fig. 14 merge. The air piston slows down the speed towards the end of the movement and keeps it constant at the desired maximum level. These Braking is allowed without hesitation when dialing numbers, as the rest times between the individual switching movements are still long enough for safe operation.

The limitation of the own speed of the switching element to a much smaller one The maximum value than with the electromagnetic stepper drive allows a substantial heavier design of the switching element and the other moving parts, as the speed to the impact energy released when the switching element is stopped in square, the dimensions of the switching element ^ 5 but is in direct proportion. The switching element can therefore be dimensioned and powerful are inherently stable, so that no special care is taken in the management of the Switching element needs to be placed along the contact field. The tour takes place at the exemplary embodiment (Fig. 1) only in the bolts 10 at the top and bottom End of the contact field. Any occurring during the movement of the switching element Frictional resistance can occur as a result of the high excess of force when driving the Switching element can be neglected by its own gravity. This simplification the leadership and the possibility of the switching element without the previously necessary restriction Difficult to carry out of weight, cheaper to manufacture and design its use extremely economical. "5

How the described dialer works as a call finder, group dialer and line selector is in the following using the circuit example in Figs. 15 and 16 for a central office of 1000 participants explained. Every 100 participants form a group about ten call memories, group selection

learn and lead voters. In Fig. 15, S ^{1 represents} a caller, vS " ² a group selector and in Fig. 16 S ³ a line selector with the relays required for control.

If a participant, e.g. B. No. 123, a connection with another subscriber, such as No. 321, the mode of operation is as follows.
The call of subscriber no. 123 is transferred in the control center through a distributor V in Fig. 15 to a free call searcher of the first group of hundreds. The carriage of this call finder is released for a steady downward movement while the slide is initially held. In this case, the subscriber lines are checked according to groups of ten in the call searcher. When checking each group of ten, the corresponding group brush of the call finder is temporarily thrown over at the same time. When the calling group of ten, ie in the present case the second group, is found, the slide is released for movement. As a result, the second set of brushes that has just been turned over remains effective for the individual testing of the lines of the second group of ten during the uninterrupted, steady downward movement of the carriage. If the third line in this group to which the calling subscriber belongs is touched, the movement is ended. The subscriber line is switched through to the group selector S belonging to the call seeker and the distributor V connected to the call seeker up to that point is released.

The mode of operation of the group selector is different from that of the Group selection of the slide this time gradually instead of moving uniformly downwards will. The moves according to the three current surges sent by the participant Slide, again without the slide, three switching steps down. By then the The slide is released for movement and at the same time the trigger magnet for the group selector from the impulse relay to a local circuit of the self-breaker contact is switched, the slide moves from now on with the slide further downwards at a constant speed, while the third set of brushes brushes the lines leading to the line selectors of the selected third group of hundreds. When a free line is found, the movement stops and the subscriber is on the relevant line selector switched through.

The mode of operation of the line selector differs from the previous ones Cases in that the slide in the tens and singles selection according to the 2 or 1 power surges sent by the participant is only moved gradually. By doing after that the slider only joins the movement from the second choice onwards if it was previously recorded, the second brush set is effective in the case of single choice.

The return of the slide and slide takes place at the end of the connection in accordance with a uniform movement of the parts until the slide reached its lowest position. The slide then makes the provided compressed air device effective, whereby the provision takes place in the manner already described.

The switching operations are as follows:

i. The setting of the call finder S ¹ . When the receiver is picked up at subscriber station no. 123, a current is formed via the subscriber line loop, to which the call relay R assigned to the subscriber at the control center responds. Relay R energizes relay A: +, relay A, right inner contact of relay R, resistor W \ -.

Relay A energizes a relay U with its inner contact, which, in interaction with the rotary magnet D of a distributor V, switches this on to a free call seeker. At the same time, relay A with its external contact switches the test relay P of distributor V to the + pole. As soon as the lower switching arm of the distributor encounters a free call seeker, the following current occurs: +, right outer contact of relay A, relay P, switching arm of distributor V, contact e ¹² of caller S ¹ , relay C ¹ , -.

Relays P and C ¹ respond to this current. Relay P stops distributor V by opening its outer contact and, by closing the inner contact, excites magnet iV ^{1 of} the call seeker, who decouples the slide from the brush slide. Relay C ¹ switches on the magnet M ¹ and prepares the test circuit for the group selection brush d or for the test relay P ¹ by closing the left outer and right contacts. The magnet M ¹ responds and triggers the falling movement of the slide. Circuit for M ¹ : +, left middle contact of relay C ¹ , contact g ¹ , left outer contact of relay P ¹ , break contact! ¹ , magnet M ¹ , -.

The circuit for the magnet M ^{1 is} interrupted by the contact i ^{1 in} such a way that the escapement it moves constantly evades the ratchet teeth. As soon as the brush d of the call seeker

IO

Iais R touches the decade line 2 connected to the + pole, relay Z is energized: +, relay A, right inner contact of relay R, line 2, brush d, left outer contact of relay C ¹ , relay Z, -.

Relay Z interrupts the excitation of magnet N ¹ by switching its contact, which drops out and causes the slide to be coupled to the brush slide. Since the brush slide has covered ^{a switching distance of two step lengths until the magnet A ri is} de-energized, the brush set of the second group of ten has just been turned over and made effective for the individual line selection that now follows in the second group of ten. At the moment when the brush c ^{1 of} the second set of brushes meets the contact of the calling subscriber, a circuit is established for the test relay P ¹ : +, right contact of relay C ¹ , both windings of relay P ¹ , brush c ¹ , Test lead, right outer contact of relay R, relay Γ, -.

In this circuit, the relays T and P ¹ respond. _c Relay T switches off relay R by opening the left contact and attaches itself to the test lead by closing the right contact. Relay P ¹ interrupts the circuit for magnet M ¹ by opening its left outer contact and the circuit for relays C ¹ and P by opening its left inner contact, after contact e ^{12 has} already been opened at the beginning of the fall movement of the call seeker. The deactivation of the magnet M ¹ results in the immediate shutdown of the call seeker on the calling line. Relay P drops out and releases the distributor for further calls. The Re-Iais C ¹ is delayed and therefore drops a little later. In the meantime, the relay P ^{1 has switched} through the speech line to the relay A ^{z of} the group selector S ² by closing its right-hand contacts. Relay A ² responds via the subscriber line and energizes delay relay V ² with its outer left contact. Relay V ² switches the right winding of the test relay P ^{1 for a} short time through its left outer contact, which means that the subscriber's line is blocked against further occupancy.

2. Setting of group selector S ² . The involved by the latching relay A ² V ² relay energized by closing its internal contact, a further delay relay U ^2: +, inner contact of the relay V ^2, e contact ^21, relay U ^2, -.

By closing the left contact, relay U ² energizes magnet N ² , which controls the uncoupling

fia development of the slide from the slide causes and prepares the magnet M ² for the number current surge reception by flipping its right contact.

Since subscriber no. 321 is required, the calling subscriber briefly interrupts the line loop three times, so that relay A ² drops out three times. Each time relay A ² drops out, magnet M ² is excited once: -K right inner contacts of relays A ² and U ² , magnet M ² , -.

The slide falls three switching steps. In the first step, contacts e ²¹ and e ^{22 are} flipped over, e ²¹ interrupts the excitation circuit for delay relay U ² , which, however , remains excited when relay A ² drops three times via its left inner contact and its own left contact. After the impulse has been given, relay U ² slowly drops out.

Relay U ² de-energizes magnet N ² by opening its hook contact , whereby the slide is coupled to the slide after the third set of brushes has been activated.

The right contact of relay U ² closes the following local circuit of magnet M ² for further selection: +, right contact of relay TJ ² , contacts g ² and e ²² , right contact of relay P ² , interrupter contact i ² , magnet M ² , -.

The magnet M ² responds, triggers the slide with the slide and is now excited by the contact i ^{2 in} such a way that the escapement constantly evades the ratchet wheel and the slide and slide now continue the downward movement with uniform movement. As soon as brush c ^{2 of} the group selector finds a free line selector, relays P ² (Fig. 15) and C ³ (Fig. 16) respond: +, inner contact of relay V ² , both windings of relay P ² , Brush c ² , test lead, contact e ^{34 of} the line selector S ³ , relay C ³ , -.

Relay P ² interrupts the circuit of magnet M ² by opening its right contact. This will stop the group selector. Relay P ² also short-circuits its left winding with the left inner contact, so that the line selector is blocked. At the same time, relay P ² switches the speech line through to line selector S ³ by closing the left outer contacts.

3. The setting of the line selector S ³ . When switching the group selector through to the line selector, relay A ³ responds: +, right winding of relay A ^s , & - branch of the connecting line, brush b ² in the group selector, middle left contact of relay P ² , outer right contact of relay A ² , Choke coil Dr, outer left contact of relay P ² , brush a ² ,

α-branch of the connecting line, left winding of the relay A ³ , -.

Relay A ³ and the aforementioned relay C ³ together close the following circuit for the delay relay V ^s : +, external contact of relay C ³ , contact e ^sl , right contact of relay A ³ , relay V ^s , -. Relay V ^s responds and excites the clutch magnet N ³ and another delay relay U ³ . Circuit for magnet N ³ : +, external contact of relay V ^s , contact e ^S2 , magnet N ³ , -. Circuit for relay U ³ : +. external contact of relay C ³ , internal contact of relay V ³ , relay U ³ , -.

Relay U ³ prepares the release magnet N ³ for receiving the number current surge by closing its outer left contact.

Depending on the number to be dialed, the calling subscriber interrupts his line loop twice in quick succession. With each of these interruptions he selects relay A "in the group and relay A ³ in the line selector briefly. Relay A ³ closes two circuits for the tripping magnet M ³ : -j-, left contact of relay A ³ , outer left contact of the Relay U ³ , magnet M ³ , -.

Magnet M ³ lets the slide drop two steps. After the second step, the second set of brushes is put down.

In the first switching step, contacts e ³¹ to e ^{3i are switched over} . Contact e ³¹ interrupts the excitation circuit of the relay V ^s ; however, the relay is kept energized during the rush current via the right contact of the relay A ³ , the left inner contact of the relay U ³ and the outer contact of the relay C ³ until relay A ³ interrupts the right contact for a longer period of time after the rush current. Relay V ^s interrupts the current of the coupling magnet N ³ when it is de-energized, which after the opening of the contact e ³² has held itself via its own contact and the external contact of the relay F ^3. When it is de-energized, magnet N ³ releases the slide for the following movement.

If the calling subscriber now briefly interrupts his line loop again for the purpose of further dialing, the relays A ^s and A ³ drop out again and, as before, again transmit a current impulse to the tripping magnet M ³ . The brush slide now makes another switching step together with the slide. Here, the effective second set of brushes reaches the desired subscriber line.

When it was last de-energized, relay A ³ also briefly switches on relay V ³ again: -f-, outer contact of relay C, left inner contact of relay U, right contact of relay A ³ , relay V ³ , -.

Relay V ³ therefore responds again temporarily in the last switching step and keeps relay U ³ energized with its inner contact after its excitation circuit has been interrupted by the slide at contact f ³ which has been brought from the rest position. The relays V ³ and U ³ release one after the other with a delay after the last switching step.

Relay V ³ closes the following test circuit via the selected line in the event of a drop while U ^{3 is still energized: +, outer contact of relay C 3} , right contact of relay U ³ , middle contact of relay V ^s , both windings of test relay P ³ , contact of relay Y ₁ brush c ³ , test line, relay T ^{1 of} the called party, -.

If the participant is free, the relays P ⁵ and T ¹ respond. Relay T ¹ switches the call relay Z? ^{1 of} the participant. Relay P ³ shorts its right winding through its left contact and thereby blocks the selected subscriber line. Relay P ^{3 also} switches the automatic wake-up call to the subscriber line with the two inner right-hand contacts: +, contact 0 of a periodically operating switching device (not shown), ringing current source, right inner contact of relay P ³ , brush a ^s , line loop of subscriber no. 321, brush b ^s , middle right contact of relay P ³ , left winding of relay Q, -.

Via this circuit, alternating current is automatically sent to the alarm clock of the subscriber station at certain time intervals. Relay Q does not respond to the alternating current because its right winding is short-circuited. Only when the subscriber answers does direct current flow in this circuit, to which relay Q responds and switches the subscriber line to relay Y with its left-hand contacts. Relay Y cancels the short circuit of the right winding of relay Q with its contact, so that this winding is also effective. Q relay concludes with his right inner contact hitherto effective left winding of the relay P ³ short and thereby takes over the further blocking of the subscriber line in place of the relay P ^3, which decreases as a result of short-circuiting, interrupting the Weckstromkreis.

The desired connection has now been established.

4. The resetting of the dialers is done by switching on their tripping magnets M in the circuit of the breaker when the calling subscriber hangs up the receiver and the current of the relay A-

interrupts, so that this falls off. Relay A ² interrupts the circuit of relay V ² with its left outer contact, which drops out and interrupts the circuit of relays P ¹ and T on the one hand with its outer contact and the circuit of relays P ² and C ³ on the other hand with its inner contact. The mentioned relays drop out. Relay P ¹ of the caller closes the circuit for the ίο tripping magnet M ¹ : +, contacts e ¹¹ and g ¹ , left "outer contact of relay P ¹ , break contact i ¹ , magnet M ¹ , -.

The magnet M ¹ is excited by current surges, so that the caller falls until the slide opens the contact g ¹ when it reaches its end position and thereby interrupts the circuit for the magnet M ^1.

This is followed by the well-known lifting of the slide together with the slide by the latter makes the compressed air device effective mechanically.

Relay P ² of the group selector closes for the tripping magnet M ^{2 is} the current: -4- right contact of the relay U ^2, contacts g ² and E ^22, the right contact of the relay P ^2, breaker contact i ^2, magnet M ^2, -.

The magnet M ² acts like M ¹ until the slide, when it reaches its end position, interrupts the circuit by opening the contact g ² and makes the compressed air device effective.

Relay C ^{3 of} the line selector interrupts the circuit of relays V ³ , U ³ and P ³ with its external contact, so that they drop out if they are still excited and close or prepare the following circuit for the release magnet M ^{3: +, outer} left contact of relay U ³ , contacts g ^s and e ³³ , outer right contact of relay P ³ and O ₁ breaker contact 13, magnet M ^s , -.

This circuit only takes effect when relay Q is not energized. Relay Q is, as indicated, energized when the called subscriber is on the set. As a result, the resetting of the line selector may be delayed after a call until the called party also hangs up the receiver and the relays Y and Q are deenergized. The circuit for the magnet M ³ works as with M ² and M ¹ . When the slide reaches its end position, it interrupts the circuit at g ³ and makes the compressed air device effective.

Finally, it should be pointed out that the generation of any step-wise or contiguous adjustment movement of the switching element is not tied to the use of a double-acting locking element (escapement). Fig. 18 shows another version with only a simple pawl on the magnet M ¹ in connection with a circuit that results as a change compared to the circuit for the group selector in Fig. 15. For the group selector, which is carried by number surges, a special relay X is provided, which is also energized during the agitation One of the relay U ² and A ² and each falls in the Stromstoßgäbe via relay ^ i ² with a slight delay after this. As a result, magnet Λί ¹ receives current impulses that are limited in time so that the pawl returns to the locked position before the next switching position is reached. If relay U ² drops when switching to the single line selection, magnet M ^{1 is} continuously energized and via the normally closed contact of relay U ² , contact e ²² , which was closed during the first switching step, contact g ² and the normally ^{closed contact of relay P 2} releases the switching element completely until relay P ² interrupts the circuit when a free line is found. The switching element then remains in this position until, at the end of the connection, relay P ² drops out and magnet M ^{1 is} re-energized. The selector then continues to run until contact g ^{2 is} opened in the end position. go

Claims (16)

Patent claims: i. Selector for telephone systems with line contacts divided into groups and with a switching member movable in a web direction, one of the contact groups corresponding number of brush sets connected in parallel, one of which is used to close the contacts is made effective with the contacts of its management group, characterized in that that the switching element, which is driven by a storage force during the adjustment, is formed as a latch mechanism Locking device is released in such a way that the switching element is effected by number current surges Setting the selector performs step movements of consistently uniform path length, while it is in one of the automatic viewfinder selection setting the switching distance to be covered continuously glides through. 2. Voter according to claim 1, characterized by one at the step and Sliding movement pulsating locking device, the pulsations of which move of the switching element so lag behind in step mode and in sliding mode advance in such a way that the locking device alternates the switching element catches and releases or with the movement constantly evades the switching element. 3. Selector according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that during the sliding movement the running switching element inevitably controls the pulsations of the locking device. 4. Selector according to claim 1, characterized by a blocking device which acts pulsatingly only during the step movement, the pulsations of which is limited by a time-acting switching means (relay X) so that the blocking device falls back into the blocking position before the switching element reaches the next selection position. 5. Voter according to claim 1 or one of the following, characterized in that that the locking device is controlled electromagnetically. ü. Voters according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized characterized in that the switching member moves a contact device which, during the sliding movement, the circuit of the on the locking device acting electromagnet closes or interrupts at the required times. 7. Voters according to claim 1 or one of the following, characterized in that that the renewal of the storage force (weight, spring) used for setting the voter is preparatory on each day Completion of an established line connection with the help of a pneumatic drive device (ζ. Β. Air piston) takes place mechanically by the switching element after it has been switched to the end position is made effective. 8. Selector according to claim 7, characterized in that the switching element is off there is two mutually movable parts in the switching direction, one of which for Selection of the brush set corresponding to the desired line group only the one that is designed as a brush holder is moved. 9. voter according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that each brush set an intermediate member set in rotation by means of a toothed drive on the brush holder is assigned, which the influence of the other switching element part on the brush holder in his Movement conveyed past this switching element part. 10. Voters according to claim 1 to 9, characterized characterized in that the switching element part, which on the means of gear drive in rotation set intermediate links takes influence, designed as a slide rod with corresponding drive pins is. 11. Voters according to claim 1 to 10, characterized characterized in that the intermediate member provided with a gear drive is transverse to the springs lying in one plane a brush set is arranged. 12. Voters according to claim 11, characterized characterized in that upon rotation of the intermediate members through a certain angle, the associated brush springs from their Rest position are pressed out against the contact field, while with further rotation of the intermediate member the brushes return to their resting position. 13. Voters according to claim 1 to 12, characterized characterized in that when the brush holder moves past the switching element part designed as a slide the brush sets are brought into their operative position one after the other and the brush set that became effective last by moving both switching element parts further together conveyed a touch with the contacts of his group. 14. Voters according to claim 1 to 13, characterized characterized in that the clutch is at rest during the first switching movement The push rod with the brush holder is effected by an electromagnet whose armature brings a pawl into tooth engagement with the brush holder. 15. Voters according to claim 1 to 14, characterized by a spring arranged between the two switching element parts, which keeps the slide rod in the initial position holds back until the pusher rod and brush holder are coupled together and take the spring with them. 16. Voters according to claim 1 to 15, characterized characterized in that when the selector is triggered, both switching element parts are moved further together until the Slide rod has reached a certain end position that then the brush holder is returned to its initial position relative to the rod, after which both parts together in the initial position to return. In addition 3 sheets of drawings