DE515221C - Process for the operation of communications equipment over power lines by means of superimposed frequency currents, which according to the main patent 446981 are taken from a frequency band generated by frequency variation of a generator and superimposed - Google Patents
Process for the operation of communications equipment over power lines by means of superimposed frequency currents, which according to the main patent 446981 are taken from a frequency band generated by frequency variation of a generator and superimposedInfo
- Publication number
- DE515221C DE515221C DEM102981D DEM0102981D DE515221C DE 515221 C DE515221 C DE 515221C DE M102981 D DEM102981 D DE M102981D DE M0102981 D DEM0102981 D DE M0102981D DE 515221 C DE515221 C DE 515221C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- frequency
- frequency band
- superimposed
- generator
- communications equipment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
- H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
- H04B3/546—Combination of signalling, telemetering, protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00007—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission
- H02J13/00009—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission using pulsed signals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/121—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zum Betriebe von Nachrichtenapparaten über Starkstromleitungen mittels überlagerter Frequenzströmej welche nach dem Hauptpatente 446 981 einem durch Frequenzvariation eines Generators erzeugten Frequenzbande entnommen und überlagert werden Es ist vorgeschlagen wordep, die Starkstromleitungen außer zur Fernsteuerung von Mehrfachtarifzählern u. dgl. dadurch auch zur Übertragung von Nachrichten mitzubenutzen, daß man mehrere Überlagerungsgeneratoren verwendet, wobei je eine Frequenz für die Umsteuerung von Zählern, eine andere für die Umschaltung von Treppenhausbeleuchtungen, eine dritte schließlich zum Betriebe von Morseschreibern und anderen Telegraphenapparaten benutzt wird.Method for operating communications equipment via power lines by means of superimposed frequency currents which according to the main patent 446 981 a Frequency bands generated by the frequency variation of a generator are taken and superimposed It has been suggested that the power lines be used except for remote control to use multiple tariff meters and the like for the transmission of messages, that one uses several heterodyne generators, each with a frequency for the Reversal of counters, another for switching staircase lighting, a third finally for the operation of Morse code and other telegraph apparatus is used.
Diese bekannte Vorrichtung hat den Mangel, daß man zahlreiche Generatoren verwenden muß, deren gleichzeitige Benutzungsmöglichkeit nicht ohne weiteres gewährleistet ist; im besonderen Falle der Nachrichtenübertragung über das Starkstromnetz ist der Betrieb infolge der zu erwartenden großen Intermittenz besonders unwirtschaftlich.This known device has the disadvantage that there are numerous generators must use whose simultaneous usability is not guaranteed without further ado is; in the special case of the transmission of messages over the power network the operation is particularly uneconomical due to the expected large intermittency.
Es ist im Hauptpatent 446 981 bereits vorgeschlagen worden, zur Behebung dieses Mangels einen einzigen Generator mit variabler Frequenz zu verwenden, mit demselben ein kontinuierliches Frequenzband zu erzeugen und demselben die jeweils gewünschten Einzelfrequenzen zu entnehmen und zu überlagern.It has already been proposed in the main patent 446 981 to remedy this to use a single variable frequency generator with this lack the same to generate a continuous frequency band and the same each to extract and superimpose the desired individual frequencies.
Diese Anordnung ist jedoch ohne weiteres noch nicht geeignet, außer den fallweise benötigten Sendeimpulsen zum Betriebe von ferngesteuerten Uhren sowie von Zählern, Reklameapparaten, Schaltern u. dgl. noch die Steuerströme für den Betrieb von Nachrichtenapparaten zu erzeugen.However, this arrangement is not yet suitable without further ado, except the transmission pulses required in some cases to operate remote-controlled clocks and of meters, advertising apparatus, switches and the like, nor the control currents for operation to generate by communications equipment.
In weiterem Ausbau der Erfindung, die im Hauptpatente beschrieben ist, wird zu dem Zwecke, mit derselben Frequenzstromquelle auch Nachrichtenapparate betreiben zu können, eine Vorrichtung verwendet, welche innerhalb geeigneter Sendepausen des sonstigen Betriebes ein seiner Breite nach genau einstellbares Frequenzband, welches außerhalb des sonst verwendeten Frequenzbandes liegt, gegebenenfalls rhythmisch erzeugt, wobei dieser Rhythmus erfindungsgemäß derart rasch -etwa zweimal je Sekunde - sein soll, daß Nachrichtenapparate mit genügender Zeichengebegeschwindigkeit betrieben werden können. Je nach Art und Weise des verwendeten Nachrichtenempfängers richtet sich die Breite des verwendeten Frequenzbandes.In a further development of the invention, which is described in the main patents is, for the purpose of using the same frequency power source, communications equipment is also used to be able to operate, a device is used, which within suitable transmission breaks for other operations a frequency band whose width can be precisely adjusted, which lies outside the frequency band otherwise used, possibly rhythmically generated, this rhythm according to the invention so quickly - about twice per second - it should be that communications equipment operated with sufficient signaling speed can be. Depending on the type of message recipient used depends on the width of the frequency band used.
z. Sollen asynchrone Typendrucker verwendet werden, die z. B. nach einem Fünferalphabet arbeiten, also für jedes ihrer Kombinationselemente je eine Einzelfrequenz beanspruchen, evtl. zuzüglich einer (sechsten) den Druckmechanismus auslösenden Frequenz, so wird die Anordnung beispielsweise nach Abb. z getroffen.z. If asynchronous type printers are to be used, which e. B. after work a five-alphabet, so one for each of their combination elements Claim single frequency, possibly plus a (sixth) the printing mechanism triggering frequency, the arrangement is made, for example, according to Fig. z.
Der Generator g, der durch den Motor in zugleich mit der Hilfsmaschine h angetrieben wird, erzeugt in den Sendepausen, also alternativ mit dem eigentlichen Betriebsfrequenzband, das Nachrichtenfrequenzband. Den Betriebswechsel zwischen den beiden Bändern besorgt der Umschalter U, dessen linke Stellung den zur Erzeugung des Betriebsfrequenzbandes verwendeten Nebenschlußregler NR anschaltet. Der Nebenschlußregler NR wird von Hand oder durch ein Zeitwerk, u. U. periodisch, bewegt, zu den Zeiten, zu denen das Frequenzband gesendet wird; dadurch ändert sich entsprechend die Drehzahl des Motors in und die Frequenz der Generatoren g, da. Sobald in dem Frequenzband die zu sendende Frequenz erreicht ist, wird die Erregung des Netzgenerators g eingeschaltet; statt dessen kann aber auch der Generator g dauernd erregt werden, wenn die Empfangsrelais so träge ärbeiten, daß sie beim raschen Durchlaufen des Frequenzbandes nicht ansprechen. In diesem letzten Fall wird eine bestimmte Frequenz dadurch gesendet, daß die Drehzahl des Generators g und Motors m vorübergehend bei dieser Frequenz etwas angehalten wird, die Relais also Zeit haben, anzusprechen.The generator g powered by the engine at the same time as the auxiliary machine h is driven, generated in the transmission pauses, so alternatively with the actual Operating frequency band, the message frequency band. The change of operation between the two bands are taken care of by switch U, the left position of which is for generation of the operating frequency band used to switch on the shunt regulator NR. The shunt regulator NR is moved by hand or by a timer, possibly periodically, at the times to which the frequency band is sent; this changes the speed accordingly of the motor in and the frequency of the generators g, da. Once in the frequency band the frequency to be transmitted is reached, the excitation of the network generator g is switched on; instead, the generator g can also be continuously excited when the receiving relay work so sluggishly that they do not respond when you quickly pass through the frequency band. In this last case a certain frequency is sent by the speed of the generator g and motor m temporarily stopped at this frequency so the relays have time to respond.
Bei der Mittelstellung des Umschalters U ist der Stromkreis - Anlasser, U, b, a, Feldwicklung von in, + geschlossen; der Motor in dreht sich mit der den in Reihe liegenden regelbaren Vorschaltwiderständen a, und b entsprechenden Drehzahl; diese Drehzahl wird periodisch verändert, indem das Uhrwerk UW z. B. halbsekundlich den Widerstand a überbrückt, wodurch die Drehzahl fällt, und dann `nieder freigibt, wodurch die Drehzahl wieder ansteigt; es wird somit alle Viertelsekunde ein schmales Frequenzband, eben das Nachrichtenfrequenzband, periodisch erzeugt, dessen Breite durch die Bemessung von a und b eingestellt werden kann.When the switch U is in the middle position, the circuit - starter, U, b, a, field winding from in, + is closed; the motor in rotates at the speed corresponding to the adjustable series resistors a and b; this speed is changed periodically by the movement UW z. B. half a second bridges the resistance a, whereby the speed drops, and then `low releases, whereby the speed increases again; a narrow frequency band, the message frequency band, is generated periodically every quarter of a second, the width of which can be adjusted by the dimensioning of a and b.
Ein besonderes Augenmerk ist hierbei auf die Konstanthaltung der dabei verwendeten Frequenzen zu verwenden; steigt z. B. die Spannung oder die Temperatur der Feldspulen, so erhöhen sich die Drehzahlen des Motors; um dies zu kontrollieren, benutzt man erfindungsgemäß ein genügend träges, z. B. tachometerähnliches Instrument, welches demnach dauernd die jeweilige mittlere Drehzahl oder Frequenz zeigen muß; dasselbe kann nun auf an sich bekannte Weise geschehen, um durch Schließung von Kontakten (je nach der Zeigerstellung) Regulierwiderstände im Feldkreise des Motors m zu betätigen, so daß auf diese Weise die mittlere Drehzahl automatisch konstant erhalten wird.Particular attention is paid to keeping the here constant to use frequencies used; increases z. B. the voltage or the temperature of the field coils, the speed of the motor increases; to control this, one uses according to the invention a sufficiently sluggish, z. B. tachometer-like instrument, which must therefore constantly show the respective mean speed or frequency; the same can now be done in a manner known per se, in order to close Contacts (depending on the pointer position) regulating resistors in the field circuits of the motor m to operate, so that in this way the mean speed automatically constant is obtained.
Der Übersichtlichkeit halber ist dies Kontrollinstrument in die Abbildung nicht eingezeichnet. Zugleich mit a und b werden als paralleler Stromzweig der Trennschalter S und die in Reihe liegenden Ruhekontakte RK der Resonanzrelais RR eingeschaltet, welche, wie im ,Hauptpatent, dazu verwendet werden, aus dem vom Generator- erzeugten Frequenzband die benötigten Einzelfrequenzen herauszusieben, deren Gesamtheit das Band bildet.For the sake of clarity, this control instrument is not shown in the figure. At the same time as a and b , the isolating switch S and the series break contacts RK of the resonance relay RR are switched on as a parallel branch, which, as in the main patent, are used to filter out the required individual frequencies from the frequency band generated by the generator Band forms.
In der Abb. x sind beispielsweise q. Resonanzrelais RR dargestellt; die Spulen derselben liegen in Parallelschaltung an den Klemmen der Hilfsmaschine H, deren Strom mit dem der Hauptmaschine g dauernd frequenzproportional ist.In Fig. X, for example, q. Resonance relay RR shown; the coils of the same are connected in parallel to the terminals of the auxiliary machine H, whose current is constantly frequency proportional to that of the main engine g.
Sobald ein derartiges Resonanzrelais RR mit dem Strom der Maschine 1a konsoniert, wird der zugehörige Ruhekontakt unterbrochen, der Schalter S wird stromlos, und die Hauptmaschine g speist das Netz über den Transformator T, und zwar so lange, als die Resonanzschwingungen des RR andauern; es wird also dadurch jene Einzelfrequenz überlagert, auf die das betreffende RR abgestimmt ist.As soon as such a resonance relay RR with the current of the machine 1a consonated, the associated break contact is interrupted, the switch S is de-energized, and the main machine g feeds the network via the transformer T, and as long as the resonance oscillations of the RR last; so it becomes through this superimposed on the individual frequency to which the RR in question is tuned.
Jedem RR bzw. RK ist ein Überbrückungskontakt KK zugeordnet; die beschriebene Wirkung eines RR ist nur dann und so lange möglich, als sein zugehöriger KIi offen ist; anderenfalls wird auch bei Unterbrechung des RK der Schalter S nicht stromlos, da er Strom über den, dem RK parallel geschalteten KK erhält. Auf diese Weise kann man durch die KK die RR wirksam oder unwirksam machen; man benutzt dies, um derart die Überlagerung auf die das jeweilige Telegraphenzeichen bildende Frequenzen zu beschränken; in der Abb. r ist beispielsweise der KK, offen; es werden also so lange nur die dem (äußerst rechten) RR entsprechenden Einzelfrequenzen gegeben, als dieser KK offen ist; alle anderen Einzelfrequenzen werden unterdrückt.A bridging contact KK is assigned to each RR or RK; the described The effect of a RR is only possible if and as long as its associated KIi is open is; otherwise switch S will not be de-energized even if the RK is interrupted, because it receives power from the KK, which is connected in parallel with the RK. That way you can the KK can make the RR effective or ineffective; one uses this to be like that the superposition on the frequencies forming the respective telegraph symbol restrict; in Fig. r, for example, the KK, open; so it will be so long only the individual frequencies corresponding to the (extreme right) RR are given as this KK is open; all other individual frequencies are suppressed.
Die KK werden entweder von Hand (ähnlich der bekannten Baudotklaviatur) oder auch durch einen Steuerstreifen (wie beim Schnelldrucker von Siemens & Halske) geöffnet oder geschlossen und dadurch die den jeweiligen Telegraphenzeichen entsprechenden Einzelfrequenzen überlagert.The KK are either manually (similar to the well-known Baudot keyboard) or by a tax strip (as with the high-speed printer from Siemens & Halske) opened or closed and thereby the respective telegraph signs corresponding individual frequencies superimposed.
z. Sollen hingegen synchron laufende Typendrucker oder Morseschreiber ferngesteuert werden, so vereinfacht sich die in der Abb. r dargestellte Schaltung durch die Verringerung der benötigten Frequenzbandbreite. Wird insbesondere nur ein schmaler Frequenzstreifen zum Betrieb benötigt, so kann man gegebenenfalls die das rhythmische Pendeln bewirkende Uhr UW entbehren; soll man durch dieselbe Maschine g sowohl asynchrone als auch synchrone Typendrucker.bzw. Morseschreiber betreiben, so sieht man am Umschalter U eine (dritte) Stellung rechts vor, bei welcher der Feldwicklung von in ein einstellbarer Widerstand C vorgeschaltet ist; das bereits beschriebene (nicht eingezeichnete) Kontakttachometer sorgt für die Erhaltung der richtigen Drehzahl innerhalb der zulässigen Grenzen; hierbei bewirkt der bei Belastung eintretende Drehzahlabfall die Erzeugung eines kontinuierlichen Frequenzbandes innerhalb der durch den Kontrollapparat geregelten Grenzen. Zugleich wird eine Abzweigung - U, A, SS, B, S, geöffnet; die Ruhekontakte RIi der Relais RR sind abgeschaltet; der Stromkreis des Schalters S wird durch einen gelochten Senderstreifen oder von Hand (bei SS angedeutet) zwecks Abgabe der nahezu monofrequenten Signale unterbrochen. Durch Variation von C kann die Überlagerungsfrequenz geändert werden; dadurch besteht die Möglichkeit, durch verschiedene Frequenzen verschiedene Typen von monofrequenten Nachrichtenapparaten selektiv zu betreiben.z. If, on the other hand, synchronous type printers or morse code writers are to be remotely controlled, the circuit shown in Fig. R is simplified by reducing the required frequency bandwidth. If, in particular, only a narrow frequency strip is required for operation, the clock UW that causes the rhythmic pendulum can possibly be dispensed with; should one use the same machine g both asynchronous and synchronous type printers.bzw. Operate a Morse code recorder, a (third) position on the right is provided on the changeover switch U, in which the field winding is preceded by an adjustable resistor C; the contact tachometer already described (not shown) ensures that the correct speed is maintained within the permissible limits; Here, the drop in speed that occurs during load causes the generation of a continuous frequency band within the limits regulated by the control apparatus. At the same time a junction - U, A, SS, B, S, is opened; the normally closed contacts RIi of the relay RR are switched off; the circuit of the switch S is interrupted by a perforated transmitter strip or by hand (indicated at SS) for the purpose of emitting the almost monofrequency signals. By varying C, the beat frequency can be changed; This makes it possible to selectively operate different types of mono-frequency communications equipment using different frequencies.
Schließlich kann man auch die in z beschriebenen Vorrichtungen benutzen, um gleichzeitig mehrere Gruppen von Nachrichtenapparaten zu betreiben, indem man jeder Einzelfrequenz eine derartige Gruppe zuteilt und auf bekannte Weise die Zeichensignale mittels der Klaviatur IX gibt. Schließlich kann man mit der gleichen Wirkung die Widerstände a, b, C, statt parallel, in Serie mit dem Nebenschlußregler NR schalten und den Umschalter U als Überbrückungskontakt ausbilden.Finally, the devices described in z can also be used to operate several groups of communication devices at the same time by assigning such a group to each individual frequency and giving the character signals in a known manner by means of the keyboard IX. Finally, with the same effect, the resistors a, b, C can be connected in series with the shunt regulator NR instead of in parallel, and the changeover switch U can be designed as a bridging contact.
Durch die geschilderte Anordnung ist man also in der Lage, mit derselben Frequenzstromquelle alternativ die dem Betriebe von Mehrfachtarifzählern, Uhren, Reklameapparaten, Straßenbeleuchtungsschaltungen, Treppenhausbeleuchtungsschaltern u. dgl. einerseits, von asynchronen Typendruckern andererseits und schließlich von synchron laufenden Typendruckern bzw. Morseschreibern dienenden Überlagerungsströme zu erzeugen.With the arrangement described, one is therefore able to use the same Frequency power source alternatively used for the operation of multiple tariff meters, clocks, Advertising apparatus, street lighting circuits, stairwell lighting switches and the like on the one hand, asynchronous type printers on the other hand, and finally by synchronously running type printers or Morse code writers serving overlay streams to create.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEM102981D DE515221C (en) | 1925-05-13 | 1928-01-05 | Process for the operation of communications equipment over power lines by means of superimposed frequency currents, which according to the main patent 446981 are taken from a frequency band generated by frequency variation of a generator and superimposed |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEM89737D DE446981C (en) | 1925-05-13 | 1925-05-13 | Device for the generation and transmission of occasional or periodically required tone-frequency alternating currents of different frequencies via lines, in particular power lines, for operating resonance devices of all kinds, in particular electrical slave clocks |
DEM102981D DE515221C (en) | 1925-05-13 | 1928-01-05 | Process for the operation of communications equipment over power lines by means of superimposed frequency currents, which according to the main patent 446981 are taken from a frequency band generated by frequency variation of a generator and superimposed |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE515221C true DE515221C (en) | 1931-01-03 |
Family
ID=25988175
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEM102981D Expired DE515221C (en) | 1925-05-13 | 1928-01-05 | Process for the operation of communications equipment over power lines by means of superimposed frequency currents, which according to the main patent 446981 are taken from a frequency band generated by frequency variation of a generator and superimposed |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE515221C (en) |
-
1928
- 1928-01-05 DE DEM102981D patent/DE515221C/en not_active Expired
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