DE511465C - Process for working up urea melts containing ammonia and carbonic acid - Google Patents

Process for working up urea melts containing ammonia and carbonic acid

Info

Publication number
DE511465C
DE511465C DEI37509D DEI0037509D DE511465C DE 511465 C DE511465 C DE 511465C DE I37509 D DEI37509 D DE I37509D DE I0037509 D DEI0037509 D DE I0037509D DE 511465 C DE511465 C DE 511465C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
ammonia
urea
carbonic acid
working
containing ammonia
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEI37509D
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dr Wilhelm Meiser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IG Farbenindustrie AG
Original Assignee
IG Farbenindustrie AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IG Farbenindustrie AG filed Critical IG Farbenindustrie AG
Priority to DEI37509D priority Critical patent/DE511465C/en
Priority to FR691069D priority patent/FR691069A/en
Priority to BE368350A priority patent/BE368350A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE511465C publication Critical patent/DE511465C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C273/00Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C07C273/02Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds
    • C07C273/04Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds from carbon dioxide and ammonia
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C273/00Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C07C273/02Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds
    • C07C273/14Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
    • C07C273/16Separation; Purification
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141Feedstock

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zum Aufarbeiten von Ammoniak und Kohlensäure enthaltenden Harnstoffschmelzen Bei der Herstellung von Harnstoff aus Ammoniak und Kohlensäure unter Druck erhält man, da die Umsetzung nicht vollständig ist, ein Gemisch aus Harnstoff und Ammoniumcarbonat oder Ammoniumcarbamat und Wasser, aus dem Ammoniak und Kohlensäure wiedergewonnen werden müssen. Dies kann durch Entspannen auf niederen Druck und Abdestillieren geschehen oder aber nach dem Verfahren der Patentschrift 350051 durch Destillation des Gemisches unter Druck, so daß das übergehende Ammoniak-Kohlensäure-Gemisch gleich unter diesem Druck zu Ammoniumcarbamat verdichtet wird und dem Autoklav en zufließen kann, in dem es erneut der Harnstoffbildung unterworfen wird. Da bei diesem Verfahren Temperaturen, die über dem Schmelzpunkt des überdestillierenden Ammoniumcarbamats liegen, also Temperaturen über i5o°, angewandt werden müssen, um Verstopfungen in den Apparaturen zu vermeiden und einen kontinuierlichen Betrieb zu ermöglichen, besteht die Gefahr einer Zersetzung des Harnstoffs in die Ausgangsstoffe oder in andere Produkte, z. B. Biuret, Cyanursäure usw., und es ist daher notwendig, das Harnstoff enthaltende Gemisch nur kurze Zeit der hoben Temperatur auszusetzen, was technisch nicht ohne Schwierigkeiten durchführbar ist.Process for processing ammonia and carbonic acid containing Melting urea In the production of urea from ammonia and carbonic acid under pressure, since the reaction is not complete, a mixture of Urea and ammonium carbonate, or ammonium carbamate and water, from the ammonia and carbonic acid must be recovered. This can be done by relaxing on lower levels Pressure and distillation done or by the method of the patent 350051 by distilling the mixture under pressure, so that the ammonia-carbonic acid mixture passing over immediately under this pressure is compressed to ammonium carbamate and the autoclave en can flow, in which it is again subjected to urea formation. Since with this Process temperatures above the melting point of the ammonium carbamate distilling over lie, i.e. temperatures above 150 °, must be used to prevent blockages in avoid the equipment and enable continuous operation, there is a risk of decomposition of the urea in the starting materials or in other products, e.g. B. biuret, cyanuric acid, etc., and it is therefore necessary that the Mixture containing urea should only be exposed to the elevated temperature for a short time, which technically not feasible without difficulties.

Es wurde nun gefunden, daß man die Zersetzung des Harnstoffs bei einer solchen Druckdestillation weitgehend verzögern und einschränken kann, wenn man während der Destillation unter hohem Druck und bei hoher Temperatur dafür sorgt, daß stets ein Überschuß von Ammoniak im Destillierapparat vorhanden ist. Dabei entfernt man bei diesem Destillationsvorgang möglichst vollständig zunächst nur die Kohlensäure, während man das verbleibende ammoniakhaltige Gemisch dann durch eine zweite Destillation bei niedrigerem Druck und bei. Tetnperatttr.en, bei :denen Harnstoff nicht zersetzt wird, von Ammoniak befreit.It has now been found that the decomposition of urea in a Such pressure distillation can largely delay and limit if one during the distillation under high pressure and at high temperature ensures that always there is an excess of ammonia in the still. In doing so, one removes In this distillation process, initially only the carbonic acid is as complete as possible, while the remaining ammonia-containing mixture is then subjected to a second distillation at lower pressure and at. Tetnperatttr.en with: which urea does not decompose is freed from ammonia.

Diese Arbeitsweise bietet wesentliche Vorteile gegenüber dem Verfahren der obengenannten Patentschrift 35o o5 i, da sich wäßrige Harnstofflösungen bei hohen Temperaturen wesentlich rascher zersetzen, wenn sie von Ammoniak vollkommen befreit sind, als wenn sie, wie bei dem vorliegenden Verfahren, Ammoniak enthalten. So werden z. B. bei einer völlig ammoniakfreien Lösung in derselben Zeit bei 15o° 48,o °/o Harnstoff zersetzt, in der bei einem Gehalt der Lösung an Ammoniak von 6,6 °/o nur r8,5 °/o, bei einem Gehalt von 26,3 °1o Ammoniak nur 15,8'/" Harnstoff zersetzt -werden.This way of working offers significant advantages over the process the above-mentioned patent specification 35o o5 i, since aqueous urea solutions are in high temperatures decompose much more quickly when completely of ammonia are exempt as if they contain ammonia, as in the present process. So z. B. with a completely ammonia-free solution in the same time at 150 ° 48, o ° / o urea decomposes, in the case of a content of the solution at Ammonia of 6.6% only r8.5%, with an ammonia content of 26.3% only 15.8% Urea is decomposed.

Beispiel Ein bei der Herstellung von Harnstoff aus Ammoniak und Kohlensäure erhaltenes, aus etwa 33 Teilen Harnstoff; 18 Teilen Wässer, 27 Teilen Ammoniak und 22 Teilen Kohlensäure (Ammoncarbonat) bestehendes Gemisch wird mittels einer geheizten Pumpe in einen Destillierapparat gedrückt, in dem es auf Temperaturen über 15o° gehalten wird, während etwa i9 Teile frisches Ammoniak eingepreßt werden. Es destilliert unter etwa ioo Atm. Druck ein Gemisch von Ammoniak und Kohlensäure über, das in einem heiß gehaltenen Kühler bei etwa i 5o° wieder zu Ammoncarbamat verdichtet wird; die für die Ammoncarbamatbildung erforderliche Menge frischer Kohlensäure, etwa 2d. Teile, führt man in den Kühler unter dem nötigen Druck ein. Das entstehende Kondensat von Amn.oncarbainat und etwas Wasser und zweckmäßig etwas überschüssiges Ammoniak fließt in einen Autoklaven, in dein es wieder zum Teil in Harnstoff verwandelt wird. Aus dem Destillierapparat fließt eine wäßrige Lösung von Harnstoff ab, die so gut wie frei von Kohlensäure ist, aber einen Gehalt an Ammoniak, der sich nach der angewandten Temperatur und dem Druck richtet, aufweist. Man entspannt in einem zweiten Destillierapparat auf etwa io bis 15 Arm. und destilliert bei Temperaturen unter ioo° das Ammoniak ab. Das Ammoniak wird durch Kühlen in flüssiger Form gewonnen und direkt wieder mittels Pumpe zusammen mit dem frischen Ammoniak in den ersten Destillierapparat gedrückt. Die aus dem zweiten Destillierapparat ablaufende Lösung von Harnstoff in Wasser enthält nur geringe Mengen von Ammoniak und wird in bekannter Weise auf festen Harnstoff verarbeitet. Die Ausbeute an Harnstoff beträgt 32 bis 33 Teile: Das Verfahren ermöglicht einen kontinuierlichen Betrieb; bei dem ohne wesentlichen Druckverlust und deshalb ohne großen Aufwand von Kompressionsarbeit der nicht umgesetzte Teil des Ammoniaks und der Kohlensäure im Kreislauf verwendet wird.Example A obtained in the production of urea from ammonia and carbonic acid, from about 33 parts of urea; A mixture consisting of 18 parts of water, 27 parts of ammonia and 22 parts of carbonic acid (ammonium carbonate) is pressed by means of a heated pump into a still, in which it is kept at temperatures above 150 °, while about 19 parts of fresh ammonia are injected. It distills under about 100 atmospheres. Pressurize a mixture of ammonia and carbonic acid, which is compressed again to ammonia carbamate in a cooler kept hot at about 150 °; the amount of fresh carbon dioxide required for ammonia carbamate formation, about 2d. Parts are introduced into the cooler under the necessary pressure. The resulting condensate of ammonium carbainate and some water and, appropriately, some excess ammonia flows into an autoclave, in which it is partially converted back into urea. An aqueous solution of urea flows out of the still, which is as good as free of carbonic acid, but has an ammonia content which depends on the temperature and pressure used. One relaxes in a second still to about 10 to 15 arms. and the ammonia is distilled off at temperatures below 100 °. The ammonia is obtained in liquid form by cooling and then pressed directly back into the first still by means of a pump together with the fresh ammonia. The solution of urea in water running out of the second still contains only small amounts of ammonia and is processed into solid urea in a known manner. The yield of urea is 32 to 33 parts: the process enables continuous operation; in which the unconverted part of the ammonia and carbonic acid is used in the cycle without significant pressure loss and therefore without great expenditure of compression work.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Verfahren zum Aufarbeiten von Ammoniak und Kohlensäure enthaltenden Harnstoffschmelzen durch Destillation unter Druck, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man zuerst die Kohlensäure durch Destillation unter hohem Druck in Gegenwart eines Ammoniaküberschusses entfernt und dann bei niedrigem Druck das in der Harnstoftlösung noch verbliebene Ammoniak bei Temperaturen abdestilliert, bei denen Harnstoff nicht merklich zersetzt wird.PATENT CLAIM: Process for processing ammonia and carbonic acid containing urea melts by distillation under pressure, characterized in that that you first the carbonic acid by distillation under high pressure in the presence an excess of ammonia is removed and then at low pressure that in the urine solution any remaining ammonia is distilled off at temperatures at which urea is not is noticeably decomposed.
DEI37509D 1929-03-20 1929-03-20 Process for working up urea melts containing ammonia and carbonic acid Expired DE511465C (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEI37509D DE511465C (en) 1929-03-20 1929-03-20 Process for working up urea melts containing ammonia and carbonic acid
FR691069D FR691069A (en) 1929-03-20 1930-03-04 Process for the production of urea
BE368350A BE368350A (en) 1929-03-20 1930-03-06 Process for the production of urea

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEI37509D DE511465C (en) 1929-03-20 1929-03-20 Process for working up urea melts containing ammonia and carbonic acid

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE511465C true DE511465C (en) 1930-11-01

Family

ID=7189535

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEI37509D Expired DE511465C (en) 1929-03-20 1929-03-20 Process for working up urea melts containing ammonia and carbonic acid

Country Status (3)

Country Link
BE (1) BE368350A (en)
DE (1) DE511465C (en)
FR (1) FR691069A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1153358B (en) * 1957-06-18 1963-08-29 Stamicarbon Process for making biuret
DE102006022896A1 (en) * 2006-05-15 2007-11-22 Röhm Gmbh Continuous preparation of alpha-hydroxycarboxylic ester comprises reacting reactants of alpha-hydroxycarbamide with alcohol, feeding the reactant into a pressure reactor and depleting the product mixture in alcohol and ammonia

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0569629A1 (en) * 1992-05-11 1993-11-18 Union Oil Company of California, dba UNOCAL Method for producing acidic urea solutions

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1153358B (en) * 1957-06-18 1963-08-29 Stamicarbon Process for making biuret
DE102006022896A1 (en) * 2006-05-15 2007-11-22 Röhm Gmbh Continuous preparation of alpha-hydroxycarboxylic ester comprises reacting reactants of alpha-hydroxycarbamide with alcohol, feeding the reactant into a pressure reactor and depleting the product mixture in alcohol and ammonia

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR691069A (en) 1930-10-01
BE368350A (en) 1930-04-30

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