DE49683C - Instrument for determining the specific gravity of liquids and gases - Google Patents
Instrument for determining the specific gravity of liquids and gasesInfo
- Publication number
- DE49683C DE49683C DENDAT49683D DE49683DA DE49683C DE 49683 C DE49683 C DE 49683C DE NDAT49683 D DENDAT49683 D DE NDAT49683D DE 49683D A DE49683D A DE 49683DA DE 49683 C DE49683 C DE 49683C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- specific gravity
- instrument
- liquids
- determining
- gases
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 16
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 241000220324 Pyrus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000014443 Pyrus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000697035 Heteropriacanthus cruentatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
- G01N9/10—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by observing bodies wholly or partially immersed in fluid materials
- G01N9/12—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by observing bodies wholly or partially immersed in fluid materials by observing the depth of immersion of the bodies, e.g. hydrometers
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
ΡΑΤΕΝΤΑΜΤ.\%ΡΑΤΕΝΤΑΜΤ. \%
KLASSE 42: Instrumente.CLASS 42: Instruments.
Zur Bestimmung des specifischen Gewichts tropfbar flüssiger Körper oder von Gasen bedient man sich bekanntlich des Piknometers, eines kugelförmigen Gläschens mit anschliefsendem Trichter, welches auf dem physikalischen Satz beruht, dafs bei gleichen Voluminas die absoluten Gewichte sich wie die specifischen Gewichte verhalten. Zur Erfüllung dieses Satzes machen sich immer mehrere Rechnungen und Gewichtsbestimmungen nöthig, weshalb die Benutzung des Mefsinstruments immer eine umständliche ist. Aufserdem hat das Piknometer noch den Nachtheil, dafs infolge des gröfseren Rauminhalts immer gröfsere Mengen von Flüssigkeit, deren specifisches Gewicht bestimmt werden soll, zur Verfügung stehen müssen, ein Umstand, der bei sehr theuren und werthvollen Flüssigkeiten zu beachten ist. .To determine the specific gravity of liquids or gases that can be dripped as is well known, the picnometer, a spherical glass with a subsequent Funnel, which is based on the physical principle that with equal volumes the absolute weights behave like specific weights. To fulfill this The first sentence always makes several calculations and weight determinations necessary, which is why the use of the measuring instrument is always a cumbersome one. In addition, the picnometer has the disadvantage that as a result the larger volume of the volume, the larger and larger quantities of liquid, their specific gravity must be available, a circumstance which must be observed in the case of very expensive and valuable liquids is. .
Vorliegende Erfindung hat nun den Zweck, diese Uebelstä'nde zu vermeiden; aufserdem soll das hierzu verwendete Instrument, welches zur Bestimmung des specifischen Gewichts kleiner Flüssigkeits- oder Gasmengen dienen soll und als die Verbindung eines Aräometers mit einem Piknometer angesehen werden kann, den Vortheil gewähren, das specifische Gewicht der betreffenden Flüssigkeit direct abzulesen. Nur ist zu beachten, dafs die Flüssigkeit genau wie beim Piknometer ohne Blasenbildung in einen abgeschlossenen Raum eingefüllt wird.The present invention now has the purpose of avoiding these evils; also should the instrument used for this purpose, which is smaller for determining the specific gravity Is to serve liquid or gas quantities and as the connection of a hydrometer with a Picnometers can be regarded as having the advantage of determining the specific gravity of the relevant liquid can be read directly. It is only to be noted that the liquid exactly like with the picnometer it is filled into a closed space without the formation of bubbles.
Das Instrument zur Bestimmung von specifischen Gewichten (gröfser oder kleiner als 1) besteht aus einer die Scala dieser Gewichte enthaltenden langen, engen Röhre a, an deren unteres Ende sich eine Kugel oder Birne b zur Herstellung des stabilen Gleichgewichts des Instruments anschliefst.The instrument for determining specific weights (greater or less than 1) consists of a long, narrow tube a containing the scale of these weights, at the lower end of which a ball or pear b is attached to establish the stable equilibrium of the instrument.
Unterhalb dieser Kugel oder Birne ist ein in sich abgeschlossener Hohlraum c angeschmolzen; dieser Hohlraum, dessen Inhalt genau bestimmt ist, trägt zur bequemen Einfüllung der zu untersuchenden Flüssigkeit einen schräg aufwärts stehenden Ansatz mit luftdicht eingeschliffenem Glasstöpsel d. Zur Vermeidung des schrägen Einstellens des Instruments infolge der einseitigen Belastung durch den Ansatz nebst Glasstöpsel ist auf der demselben gegenüberliegenden Fläche von c ein Glastropfen oder Glasauge e angeschmolzen, während zur Beschwerung des Instruments sich unterhalb des Hohlraumes c eine mit Quecksilber angefüllte Glaskugel f anschliefst.Below this ball or pear a self-contained cavity c is melted; This cavity, the content of which is precisely determined, has an upward sloping approach with a glass stopper that is ground in an airtight manner for easy filling of the liquid to be examined. d. To avoid the inclined adjustment of the instrument as a result of the one-sided loading by the attachment and the glass stopper, a glass drop or glass eye e is melted on the opposite surface of c , while a glass ball f filled with mercury is attached below cavity c to weigh down the instrument.
Die Bestimmung des specifischen Gewichts einer Flüssigkeit erfolgt dadurch, dafs der Hohlraum c mit der zu untersuchenden Flüssigkeit von 150C. (bezw. einer anderen Temperatur, bei welcher das Instrument justirt ist) angefüllt und der Glasstöpsel d dergestalt in den Ansatz eingesetzt wird, dafs sich im Hohlraum c keine Luftblase bildet, worauf das Instrument in (destillirtes) Wasser von 150C. (bezw. 17,50C.) eingetaucht wird.The determination of the specific gravity of a liquid is characterized, that the cavity c to the to the test liquid of 15 0 C. (BEZW. Another temperature at which justirt the instrument) is filled and the glass plug d is such inserted in the neck, DAF in the cavity c no air bubble forms, (BEZW. 17.5 0 C.) whereupon the instrument in (distilled) water at 15 0 C. is immersed.
Das Instrument taucht hierauf nach Mafsgabe des specifischen Gewichts der Flüssigkeit in das Wasser ein und wird das specifische Gewicht unter dem Wasserspiegel abgelesen.The instrument then dips according to the specific gravity of the liquid into the water and the specific gravity is read below the water level.
Die Eintheilung der Scala oder Spindel innerhalb der Röhre α kann sowohl für spedfisch leichtere als auch für schwerere Flüssigkeiten als Wasser allein oder auch zugleichThe division of the scale or spindle within the tube α can be used for both lighter and heavier liquids than water alone or at the same time
für specifisch leichtere und schwerere Flüssigkeiten eingerichtet sein.for specifically lighter and heavier liquids be set up.
Fig. ι zeigt das Instrument zur Bestimmung des specifischen Gewichts kleiner als ι (Wasser), Fig. 2 und 3 eine Scala für Flüssigkeiten mit einem specifischen Gewicht gröfser als i, während mit der Scala nach Fig. 4 gleichzeitig das specifische Gewicht von über und unter 1 bestimmt werden kann.Fig. Ι shows the instrument for determining the specific gravity smaller than ι (water), 2 and 3 a scale for liquids with a specific gravity greater than i, while 4 simultaneously determines the specific gravity of over and under 1 with the scale according to FIG can be.
Ausgeschlossen ist nicht, die Bestimmung des specifischen Gewichts auch durch Eintauchen des Instruments in andere Flüssigkeiten, wie beispielsweise concentrirte Schwefelsäure, absoluten Alkohol, Aether u. s. w., vorzunehmen, in welchem Falle die Scala oder Spindel eine entsprechend andere Eintheilung erhalten mufs.It is not excluded that the specific gravity can also be determined by immersion the instrument into other liquids, such as concentrated sulfuric acid, absolute alcohol, ether and so on, in which case the scale or Spindle must be given a correspondingly different division.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE49683C true DE49683C (en) |
Family
ID=324591
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DENDAT49683D Expired - Lifetime DE49683C (en) | Instrument for determining the specific gravity of liquids and gases |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE49683C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1698548B1 (en) * | 1963-05-02 | 1972-01-13 | Strabag Bau Ag | METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE FINE GRAIN CONTENT OF GRAINY BUILDING MATERIALS |
-
0
- DE DENDAT49683D patent/DE49683C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1698548B1 (en) * | 1963-05-02 | 1972-01-13 | Strabag Bau Ag | METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE FINE GRAIN CONTENT OF GRAINY BUILDING MATERIALS |
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