DE447864C - Method for determining wall thickness or changes in cross-section of pipes - Google Patents
Method for determining wall thickness or changes in cross-section of pipesInfo
- Publication number
- DE447864C DE447864C DEV21117D DEV0021117D DE447864C DE 447864 C DE447864 C DE 447864C DE V21117 D DEV21117 D DE V21117D DE V0021117 D DEV0021117 D DE V0021117D DE 447864 C DE447864 C DE 447864C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- cross
- section
- pipes
- changes
- wall thickness
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B7/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness
- G01B7/10—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness using magnetic means, e.g. by measuring change of reluctance
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B7/31—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B7/312—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes for measuring eccentricity, i.e. lateral shift between two parallel axes
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zum Feststellen von Wandstärken oder Querschnittsänderungen von Rohren. Zur Vermeidung von Kesselschäden müssen die einzubauenden Rohre genau auf Wandstärkenabweichungen und Walzfehler (Schlackeneinschüsse, Walzschiefer u. dgl.) untersucht werden. Für Kesselrohre, deren Länge in modernen Steilrohrkesseln bis zu 6 m beträgt, kann zur Zeit nur der an beiden Rohrenden sichtbare Querschnitt geprüft werden. Ein Verfahren, um schnell und sicher sämtliche, einzubauenden Rohre in ihrer ganzen hänge auf Fehler zu untersuchen, ist noch nicht gefunden. Die einzige Möglichkeit, deren man sich in einzelnen Fällen bediente, ist das Röntgendurchleuchtungsverfah.-ren, das sich aber nur schwer und mit großen Kosten verwenden läßt.Method for determining wall thicknesses or changes in cross-section of pipes. To avoid boiler damage, the pipes to be installed must be precise for wall thickness deviations and rolling defects (slag inclusions, rolled slate, etc.) Like.) are examined. For boiler tubes whose length is in modern steep tube boilers up to 6 m, only the cross-section visible at both pipe ends can currently be used being checked. A method to quickly and safely all pipes to be installed To investigate errors in its entirety has not yet been found. The only The option that was used in individual cases is the fluoroscopic procedure, but it is difficult and expensive to use.
Nachstehend werden verschiedene Verfahren beschrieben, welche in kürzester Zeit und mit einfachsten Mitteln eine für die Praxis hinreichend genaue Prüfungsmethode angeben. Sie beruhen darin, daß sämtliche Rohrquerschnitte schrittweise einem magnetischen oder elektrischen Kraftlinienfeld ausgesetzt werden, dessen durch Querschnittsänderung bedingte Feldstärkenänderung in. bekannter Weise meßbar ist, wobei der zu messende Körper als Teil des magnetischen oder elektrischen Kraftflusses benutzt wird. In Abb. i sei a ein beliebiger Querschnitt des in eine Drehbank gespannten und sich drehenden Rohres; b sei ein permanenter Stahlmagnet, dessen Pole c und d durch geeignete Distanzvorrichtungen immer einen gleichen Abstand e von dem äußeren Rohrumfang haben; f sei, eine Drahtspule und g ein Anzeige- oder Meßgerä.t. Dreht sich das Rohr, so wird in g so lange keine Verjänderung zu beobachten sein, als der Querschnitt a auf dem ganzen Kreisumfang konstant ist. Sobald jedoch eine Querschnittsveränderung vorhanden ist, ändert sich der von den Polen c und d durch den Querschnitt a hindurchtretende magnetische Kraftfluß, der sofort in dem Meßgerät g Stromschwankungen hervorruft.Various procedures are described below which, in the shortest possible time and with the simplest of means, provide an examination method that is sufficiently precise for practical use. They are based on the fact that all pipe cross-sections are gradually exposed to a magnetic or electrical line of force field, the change in field strength caused by the change in cross-section being measurable in a known manner, the body to be measured being used as part of the magnetic or electrical force flow. In Fig. I, let a be any cross-section of the rotating pipe clamped in a lathe; Let b be a permanent steel magnet, the poles c and d of which are always at the same distance e from the outer circumference of the pipe by means of suitable spacing devices; f is a wire coil, and g is a display or Meßgerä.t. If the tube rotates, no change will be observed in g as long as the cross section a is constant over the entire circumference. As soon as there is a change in cross-section, however, the magnetic flux of force passing through the cross-section a from the poles c and d changes, which immediately causes current fluctuations in the measuring device g.
Eine andere Anordnung des Magneten b ist in Abb. a gegeben. Der Magnet wird in der Längsrichtung des Rohres a hin und her bewegt; die auf ihm befindliche Spule läßt im Meßgerät g die durch Querschnittsveränderungen hervorgerufenen, magnetischen Kraftlinienschwankungen als elektrische Schwankungen- erkennen. In beiden Fällen ist es auch möglich, die Intensität der Anzeige dadurch zu steigern, daß man den Magneten durch eine Hilfsstromquelle (Gleich- oder Wechselstrom) erregt, wobei unter Umständen auf einen Stahlmagneten oder Eisenkern verzichtet werden kann. Auch kann durch einen feststehenden oder beweglichen Magneten oder Spule oder Draht ein magnetisches oder elektrisches Feld erzeugt werden, welches durch das zu prüfende Werkstück meßbar b.eeinflußt wird.Another arrangement of the magnet b is given in Fig. A. The magnet is reciprocated in the longitudinal direction of the pipe a; the one on him The coil leaves the magnetic in the measuring device g caused by changes in cross-section Recognize force line fluctuations as electrical fluctuations. In both cases it is also possible to increase the intensity of the display by using the Magnets excited by an auxiliary power source (direct or alternating current), whereby under Circumstances a steel magnet or iron core can be dispensed with can. Also can by a fixed or movable magnet or coil or Wire, a magnetic or electric field can be generated, which is generated by the The workpiece to be tested can be measured if it is influenced.
Eine weitere Lösung ist in Abb. 3 schematisch dargestellt.Another solution is shown schematically in Fig. 3.
Das sich drehende Rohr a wird in den Stromkreis einer Gleich- oder Wechselstromquelle h derart leingefügt, daß an beiden Enden des Rohres Kontaktscheiben i angeordnet werden, gegen die Bürsten k schleifen. Das Meßgerät l spricht in diesem Falle auf Feldschwankungen an, die durch die ungleichmäßige Stromverteilung im sich drehenden Rohr bei veränderlichen Querschnitten hervorgerufen werden.The rotating tube a is in the circuit of a DC or AC power source h inserted in such a way that contact washers at both ends of the tube i arranged to grind against the brush k. The measuring device 1 speaks in this Fall on field fluctuations caused by the uneven current distribution in itself rotating pipe with variable cross-sections.
In samtlichen Fällen können statt der Magneten mit Spulen als Anzeigevorrichtung auch eine oder mehrere Blattfedern nach Art der bekannten Zungenfrequenzmesser gewählt werden. Auch kann bei der Prüfung das Rohr stillstehen und das Prüfgerät um dieses herumbewegt werden.In all cases, magnets can be used as a display device instead of magnets also selected one or more leaf springs in the manner of the known reed frequency meter will. The pipe can also stand still during the test and the test device around it be moved around.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEV21117D DE447864C (en) | 1926-03-24 | 1926-03-24 | Method for determining wall thickness or changes in cross-section of pipes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEV21117D DE447864C (en) | 1926-03-24 | 1926-03-24 | Method for determining wall thickness or changes in cross-section of pipes |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE447864C true DE447864C (en) | 1927-07-28 |
Family
ID=7578958
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEV21117D Expired DE447864C (en) | 1926-03-24 | 1926-03-24 | Method for determining wall thickness or changes in cross-section of pipes |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE447864C (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2439184A (en) * | 1943-01-23 | 1948-04-06 | Nat Pneumatic Co | Magnetic flaw detector |
DE1239484B (en) * | 1955-03-26 | 1967-04-27 | Fischer & Co E | Device for determining the position of a core of a body consisting of a core and a jacket |
-
1926
- 1926-03-24 DE DEV21117D patent/DE447864C/en not_active Expired
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2439184A (en) * | 1943-01-23 | 1948-04-06 | Nat Pneumatic Co | Magnetic flaw detector |
DE1239484B (en) * | 1955-03-26 | 1967-04-27 | Fischer & Co E | Device for determining the position of a core of a body consisting of a core and a jacket |
DE1239484C2 (en) * | 1955-03-26 | 1973-07-05 | Fischer & Co E | Device for determining the position of a core of a body consisting of a core and a sheath |
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