DE4429530A1 - Distortion testing of layered materials - Google Patents

Distortion testing of layered materials

Info

Publication number
DE4429530A1
DE4429530A1 DE19944429530 DE4429530A DE4429530A1 DE 4429530 A1 DE4429530 A1 DE 4429530A1 DE 19944429530 DE19944429530 DE 19944429530 DE 4429530 A DE4429530 A DE 4429530A DE 4429530 A1 DE4429530 A1 DE 4429530A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
textiles
testing
layered
layered materials
deformation behavior
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19944429530
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Karlheinz Dipl Ing Hoersting
Burkhard Prof Dr Ing Wulfhorst
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FREUNDES und FOERDERKREIS DES
Original Assignee
FREUNDES und FOERDERKREIS DES
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FREUNDES und FOERDERKREIS DES filed Critical FREUNDES und FOERDERKREIS DES
Priority to DE19944429530 priority Critical patent/DE4429530A1/en
Publication of DE4429530A1 publication Critical patent/DE4429530A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B5/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. mechanical strain gauge
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/36—Textiles
    • G01N33/367—Fabric or woven textiles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
    • G01N2203/0254—Biaxial, the forces being applied along two normal axes of the specimen
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0278—Thin specimens
    • G01N2203/0282—Two dimensional, e.g. tapes, webs, sheets, strips, disks or membranes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/04—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
    • G01N2203/0435—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils modifying the type of the force applied, e.g. the chuck transforms a compressive machine for applying a bending test
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/36—Textiles

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

For the register of the distortion behaviour of layered and bonded structures of textile materials of a wide range of types, an appts. is used with rotating clamps. The layered materials are rotated against each other on the bonding plane and the relative movement angle of the clamp system is taken as a measure of the distortion behaviour.

Description

Es ist bekannt, daß zur Ermittlung des Deformationsverhaltens einige Verfahren zur Prüfung von Schichtstoffen im Bereich der konventionellen Textilien (z. B. Bekleidungstextilien) existieren. Konventionelle Textilien liegen häufig als Einschicht- (z. B. Gestricke, Vliese) oder als Zweischichtstoffe (z. B. Gewebe) vor. So können beispielsweise die Biegesteifigkeit oder das textile Fallvermögen mit Hilfe genormter Verfahren bestimmt werden. Bei der Biege­ steifigkeitsprüfung wird ein Textil- oder Kunststoffolienstreifen über eine waagerechte Auf­ lagefläche soweit hinausgeschoben, bis die durch das Eigengewicht des Prüflings abknickende Vorderkante eine fiktive Ebene berührt. Aus der Knicklänge wird dann ein Maß für die Biege­ steifigkeit errechnet. Das Verfahren zum Fallvermögen beschreibt den Grad der Deformierung, der sich ergibt, wenn ein horizontal liegendes Flächengebilde unter seinem Eigengewicht über die Kante einer Trägerscheibe hängt.It is known that some methods of testing are used to determine the deformation behavior of laminates in the field of conventional textiles (e.g. clothing textiles) exist. Conventional textiles often lie as single-layer (e.g. knitted fabrics, fleeces) or as two-layer fabrics (e.g. fabric). For example, the bending stiffness or the textile falling power can be determined with the help of standardized procedures. At the bend Stiffness test is a textile or plastic film strip over a horizontal opening pushed the surface until the one that bends due to the weight of the test object Front edge touches a fictional level. The kink length then becomes a measure of the bending stiffness calculated. The falling ability method describes the degree of deformation, which results when a horizontally lying fabric over its own weight over the edge of a carrier disc hangs.

Weiterhin sind alternative Prüfverfahren für Zweischichtstoffe (z. B. Gewebe) entwickelt wor­ den. Diese Zweischichtstoffe werden mit Hilfe des Prinzips der Scherung definiert verformt, um objektive Kennwerte hinsichtlich des Deformationsverhaltens zu ermitteln.Alternative test methods for two-layer materials (e.g. fabric) have also been developed the. These two-layer materials are deformed using the principle of shear, to determine objective parameters with regard to the deformation behavior.

Diese konventionellen Verfahren sind nur begrenzt auf eine Prüfung von Schichtstoffen (z. B. Textilien, Folien) für den Einsatz in technischen Anwendungen übertragbar. Die speziellen Eigenschaften und die Konstruktion dieser Halbzeuge werden von diesen Prüfverfahren nicht berücksichtigt. Zudem gelten die existierenden Verfahren zumeist nur für Zweischichtstoffe. Die genannten Prüfverfahren ermöglichen daher keine objektive Bewertung hinsichtlich der Deformationseigenschaften, speziell von Mehrschichtstoffen.These conventional methods are only limited to testing laminates (e.g. Textiles, foils) can be transferred for use in technical applications. The special ones The properties and construction of these semi-finished products are not affected by these test methods considered. In addition, the existing processes mostly only apply to two-layer materials. The test methods mentioned therefore do not allow an objective assessment with regard to the Deformation properties, especially of multi-layer materials.

Der Erfindung liegt das Problem zugrunde, daß durch die Entwicklung dieses neuen Prüfver­ fahrens eine Bestimmung des Deformationsverhaltens von verknüpften Mehrschichtstoffen realisiert werden kann.The invention is based on the problem that by developing this new test ver driving a determination of the deformation behavior of linked multilayer materials can be realized.

Die Lösung des Problems erfolgt durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale der Patentanspruchs 1. Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist in den Ansprüchen 2-5 angegeben.The problem is solved by the characterizing features of patent claim 1. An advantageous embodiment of the invention is specified in claims 2-5.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielbaren Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, daß durch objektive Kennwerte zum Deformationsverhalten die Ablage von Verstärkungstextilien auf sphärisch ge­ formten Körperoberflächen beurteilt werden kann. Eine Ablage der Verstärkungstextilien mit Falten und Filamentbrüchen, verursacht durch unzureichendes Deformationsvermögen, führt zu schlechten Laminatqualitäten in einem späteren Faserverbundbauteil. Durch den Einsatz des Prüfverfahrens können aufwendige Vorversuche zum Ablageverhalten von Verstärkungstex­ tilien bei der Herstellung von Bauteilen aus Faserverbundwerkstoffen in starkem Maße redu­ ziert werden. Dadurch sinken die Entwicklungs- und Fertigungskosten, zum einen durch kür­ zere Entwicklungszeiten, zum anderen durch geringere Werkzeug- und Modellkosten.The advantages that can be achieved with the invention are, in particular, that through objective Characteristic values for the deformation behavior of the placement of reinforcement textiles on spherical ge shaped body surfaces can be assessed. A storage of the reinforcement textiles with Wrinkles and filament breaks caused by insufficient deformability  to poor laminate qualities in a later fiber composite component. By using the The test procedure can involve extensive preliminary tests on the placement behavior of reinforcement text tiles in the manufacture of components from fiber composite materials to a large extent be decorated. This reduces development and manufacturing costs, on the one hand due to the shortage shorter development times, on the other hand through lower tool and model costs.

Ein einfaches Ausführungsbeispiel für das Verfahren und die Vorrichtung zur Prüfung des De­ formationsverhaltens von Mehrschichtstoffen ist in der Abbildung dargestellt und wird im fol­ genden näher beschrieben:A simple embodiment for the method and the device for testing the De formation behavior of multilayer materials is shown in the figure and is described in fol described in more detail:

Es zeigt Fig. 1 ein System von vier Klemmenpaaren, die je eine Lage eines vierlagigen Ver­ stärkungsgeleges festhalten. Im Beispiel hat das textile Halbzeug eine Faserorientierung im un­ verformten Zustand von 0°/90°/±45°. Die Klemmen können auf Kreisbahnen um den zentralen Drehpunkt gegeneinander verschoben werden. Dies ist in der Abbildung illustriert, wo die Klemmenpaare 4, 1 und 2 nacheinander gegen das Paar 3 bewegt werden (Zustand n = 0 nach n = 3). Zunächst wird das Klemmensystem 4 gegen das System 3 verschoben (Zustand n = 0 nach n = 1). Danach wird System 1 (Zustand n = 0 nach n = 2) und dann System 2 (Zustand n = 0 nach n = 3) zum Endzustand bewegt. Der rotatorische Weg und die Drehrichtung der Klemmenpaare können beliebig eingestellt und in der Praxis vom realen Deformationsprozeß abgeleitet (z. B. im RTM-, Preßverfahren) werden. Die aktive Prüffläche befindet sich in der Mitte des Prüfgeräts und erfaßt Deformationen durch Scherung und Schlupf.It shows Fig. 1, a system of four pairs of terminals, each having a layer of a four-ply Ver reinforcing scrim hold. In the example, the semi-finished textile has a fiber orientation in the undeformed state of 0 ° / 90 ° / ± 45 °. The clamps can be moved against each other on circular paths around the central pivot point. This is illustrated in the figure, where the terminal pairs 4 , 1 and 2 are successively moved against the pair 3 (state n = 0 after n = 3). First, the terminal system 4 is shifted against the system 3 (state n = 0 to n = 1). Then system 1 (state n = 0 after n = 2) and then system 2 (state n = 0 after n = 3) are moved to the final state. The rotational path and the direction of rotation of the terminal pairs can be set as desired and in practice derived from the real deformation process (e.g. in the RTM, pressing process). The active test surface is located in the middle of the test device and detects deformations due to shear and slip.

Dieses Prüfverfahren hat den Vorteil, daß die Klemmensysteme je nach vorliegender Faser­ orientierung entsprechend positioniert werden können. Zudem ist das Klemmensystem modular aufgebaut, so daß auch zwei-, drei- oder multilagige Schichtstoffe geprüft werden können. So können beispielsweise auch dreilagige Strukturen mit einer 0°/±60°-Orientierung geprüft werden.This test method has the advantage that the terminal systems depend on the fiber orientation can be positioned accordingly. The terminal system is also modular built up so that two-, three- or multilayer laminates can be tested. So can, for example, also test three-layer structures with a 0 ° / ± 60 ° orientation will.

Claims (5)

1. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Prüfung des Deformationsverhaltens von schichtweise aufgebauten, verbundenen Strukturen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Prüf­ vorrichtung aus rotatorisch sich bewegenden Klemmensystemen besteht und daß die Schichtstoffe in der Fügeebene um einen Drehpunkt rotatorisch gegeneinander bis zur Auslenkung aus der Schichtstoffebene bewegt werden und der relative Verfahrwinkel eines Klemmensystems ein Maß für das Deformationsverhalten ist.1. A method and device for testing the deformation behavior of layered, connected structures, characterized in that the test device consists of rotationally moving terminal systems and that the laminates in the joining plane are rotated about a pivot point against each other until deflection from the laminate level and the relative travel angle of a terminal system is a measure of the deformation behavior. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Schichtstoff Textilien oder Folien eingesetzt werden können.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that textiles as laminate or foils can be used. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Textilien mit einer beliebigen Anzahl von unterschiedlichen Fadenorientierungen in der Ebene geprüft werden können.3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that textiles with a any number of different thread orientations checked in the plane can be. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auch Textilien mit dreidimensionaler Fadenorientierung geprüft werden können.4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that textiles with three-dimensional thread orientation can be checked. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Prüfvorrichtung in Abhängigkeit von der Anzahl der Fadenscharen in der Ebene modular aufgebaut werden kann.5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the testing device in Dependent on the number of thread coulters in the level of a modular structure can be.
DE19944429530 1994-08-19 1994-08-19 Distortion testing of layered materials Withdrawn DE4429530A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19944429530 DE4429530A1 (en) 1994-08-19 1994-08-19 Distortion testing of layered materials

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19944429530 DE4429530A1 (en) 1994-08-19 1994-08-19 Distortion testing of layered materials

Publications (1)

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DE4429530A1 true DE4429530A1 (en) 1996-02-22

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011119209A1 (en) 2011-11-23 2013-05-23 Audi Ag Device for determining shear modulus of e.g. carbon fiber fabric used in manufacture of carbon fiber reinforced plastic component, has measuring sensor to measure force exerted on textile semi-finished material
DE102015004332A1 (en) * 2015-04-09 2016-10-13 ITA Technologietransfer GmbH Method for loading a multi-axial textile sample, test machine and use of a test machine

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2224416A1 (en) * 1971-09-15 1973-03-29 Cluett Peabody & Co Inc DEVICE FOR CHECKING AND RECORDING EXTENSION CHARACTERISTICS OF EXTENSIBLE FABRICS
DE2249191A1 (en) * 1972-10-04 1974-04-11 Eckard Dipl Ing Feldmann DEVICE FOR GENERATING HOMOGENOUS EXTENSION SHEAR DEFORMATIONS
DE2847865A1 (en) * 1978-11-03 1980-05-22 Ludwig Josef Marchner Printing blanket deformation characteristic measurement - is by measuring indentation distance of convex pressure piece into tensioned blanket
DE3226148A1 (en) * 1982-07-13 1984-01-19 Hahn, Hans Georg, Prof. Dr.rer.nat.habil., 6750 Kaiserslautern Method and device for producing in specimens or the like superimposed normal stress, biaxial and non-biaxial shear stress, or optional superimposed normal stress and biaxial shear stress, superimposed normal stress and non-biaxial shear stress, superimposed biaxial and non-biaxial shear stress, pure normal stress, biaxial shear stress or non-biaxial shear stress
US4756195A (en) * 1986-11-24 1988-07-12 Itt Aerospace Optical A Division Of Itt Corporation Modulus of elasticity tester apparatus particularly adapted for testing compliant materials

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2224416A1 (en) * 1971-09-15 1973-03-29 Cluett Peabody & Co Inc DEVICE FOR CHECKING AND RECORDING EXTENSION CHARACTERISTICS OF EXTENSIBLE FABRICS
DE2249191A1 (en) * 1972-10-04 1974-04-11 Eckard Dipl Ing Feldmann DEVICE FOR GENERATING HOMOGENOUS EXTENSION SHEAR DEFORMATIONS
DE2847865A1 (en) * 1978-11-03 1980-05-22 Ludwig Josef Marchner Printing blanket deformation characteristic measurement - is by measuring indentation distance of convex pressure piece into tensioned blanket
DE3226148A1 (en) * 1982-07-13 1984-01-19 Hahn, Hans Georg, Prof. Dr.rer.nat.habil., 6750 Kaiserslautern Method and device for producing in specimens or the like superimposed normal stress, biaxial and non-biaxial shear stress, or optional superimposed normal stress and biaxial shear stress, superimposed normal stress and non-biaxial shear stress, superimposed biaxial and non-biaxial shear stress, pure normal stress, biaxial shear stress or non-biaxial shear stress
US4756195A (en) * 1986-11-24 1988-07-12 Itt Aerospace Optical A Division Of Itt Corporation Modulus of elasticity tester apparatus particularly adapted for testing compliant materials

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
JP 5-52726, A., In: Patents Abstracts of Japan, P-1568, July 6, 1993, Vol. 17, No. 357 *
N.N.: VDI-Z.106, 1964, Nr.19 - Juli (I),S.831-832 *
SCHRADER,J.R.: Das Auftreten von Falten bei der nassen Breitbehandlung glatter Gewebe aus nativer Zellulose. In: Textilveredlung 2, 1967, Nr.12, S.908-915 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011119209A1 (en) 2011-11-23 2013-05-23 Audi Ag Device for determining shear modulus of e.g. carbon fiber fabric used in manufacture of carbon fiber reinforced plastic component, has measuring sensor to measure force exerted on textile semi-finished material
DE102011119209B4 (en) * 2011-11-23 2014-05-22 Audi Ag Device for determining the shear modulus of textile semifinished products
DE102015004332A1 (en) * 2015-04-09 2016-10-13 ITA Technologietransfer GmbH Method for loading a multi-axial textile sample, test machine and use of a test machine
DE102015004332B4 (en) 2015-04-09 2019-06-19 ITA Technologietransfer GmbH Method for loading a multi-axial textile sample, test machine and use of a test machine

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