DE4423359B4 - Surgical X-ray diagnostic facility - Google Patents

Abstract

Mobile surgical X-ray diagnostic device, comprising a parallel to the floor longitudinally adjustable C-arm with an attached X-ray image intensifier unit, mounted on a height-adjustable column multi-piece, interconnected by joints bracket which movably guides the C-arm along its circumference from a control unit acting on a control and a carriage, characterized
That each joint and adjusting element is equipped with a movement-characterizing measuring device for detecting the degree of adjustment,
• that the signals of the measuring devices of a display and control unit are fed and processed for further processing and storage, and
• that the measured values of the current position of the joints and adjusting elements are each stored in resettable buffer memories and displayed on a display.

Description

The The invention relates to a parallel to the floor longitudinally adjustable, mobile surgical X-ray diagnostic device, consisting of a mounted on a C-arm X-ray image intensifier unit on a C-arm and a control unit with control panel. The C-arm is over a bracket attached to a height-adjustable column and in the holder along the circumference of the C-bend so movably guided that the C-arm about an axis perpendicular to the C-arm plane is rotatable. The bracket points further comprising a hinge through which the C-arm plane is parallel to one another to the floor extending axis of rotation is rotatable. The mechanical adjusting elements contain; measuring devices, a reproducible adjustment of the mechanical parameters of the Allow C-bends.

X-ray diagnostic facilities that carry on a trolley a multi-adjustable C-arm with X-ray and X-ray image intensifier, have long been known from the patent literature. The European patent application EP0231969A1 relates to a mobile X-ray apparatus with an image intensifier and an X-ray tube, which is characterized in that the parts can be moved very easily for transport. The European patent application EP0367836 A1 relates to a mobile X-ray diagnostic device with a height-adjustable column. The height adjustment of the column should be possible without an electric drive. The force required to adjust the column force is approximately equal in the described device over the entire adjustment. The European patent application EP0236864A1 relates to a mobile X-ray examination apparatus with a C-arm, which carries at its ends an X-ray source and an X-ray receiver, the C-arm on a carriage adjustable and the carriage with a scissor linkage mounted vertically adjustable The document DE 692 01 691 T2 relates to a mobile X-ray machine having on a chassis a rotatable about a vertical axis structure which is cantilevered and carries an X-ray tube, wherein the maximum amplitude of the unfolding a function of the measured by a suitable sensor rotation angle of the structure about the vertical axis is.

all known mobile X-ray diagnostic facilities is common that they allow a variety of movements of the C-arm, but one Removal of the C-arm from the surgical field over a longer distance is not possible without after Approach the device the optimal location of the C-arm must be re-searched. All longitudinally adjustable Draw C-arm devices characterized by the fact that the Adjustment only about half a meter and that the lever forces occurring a very stable and weight-intensive design of the support arm and the column design require. The adjustment possibilities of known C-arm devices allow a known under the name "two-level technique" recording method. For this purpose is the plane of the C-arm at an angle of 90 ° about an axis of rotation in the support arm tilted. Due to the suspension of the C-arm on the support arm must Radiation center of the C-arm by length and height adjustment of the entire C-arm arrangement be readjusted. This usually happens under X-ray control. A quick change between the recording levels is not possible and Furthermore the patient to be examined and the surgeon become unnecessarily one X-ray irradiation exposed.

task The invention is a mobile, surgical X-ray diagnostic device to create that when using less and less expensive Components the application of the "two-level recording technique" at the lowest possible Radiation loading of the patient during the C-arm adjustments allows, at least the adjustment options conventional C-arm equipment involves, by a single person in the non-sterile area outside of the operating field is operable and has means that the Disadvantages of known X-ray diagnostic facilities avoid.

The The object of the invention is achieved by a mobile C-arm, the on all mechanical adjusting elements measuring devices for the measurement contains the relative adjustment paths. The inventive X-ray diagnostic device is optionally manually adjusted by the operator until the setpoints the adjustment paths are softened or by electric drives automatically positioned. The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.

In 1 an X-ray diagnostic device is shown during operation. The X-ray diagnostic facility ( 1 ) carries on its upper side a control unit ( 2 ) in one for the operator ( 6 ) ergonomic height. A C-arm ( 3 ) with X-ray source ( 4 ) and an image intensifier ( 5 ) is on a bracket ( 9 ) is mounted so that the C-arm is guided along its circumference and can be moved so that the C-arm center remains stationary during movement. The holder ( 9 ) is movable on a column head ( 8th ) appropriate. This column head forms the conclusion of a height-adjustable column ( 7 ), which in a column carrier unit ( 10 ) is integrated. The column head can be rotated in a limited angular range around the column axis. To the mobile X-ray examination apparatus in a to bring the operating surgeon suitable position, the examination device using the pendulum rollers ( 20 . 20 ' ) and the castors ( 21 . 21 ' ) roughly adjusted on the boom below the C-arm. Around the center of the C-arm ( 12 ) or to adjust the center of the C-arm during the operation, the castors ( 20 ) and fixed in a straight-ahead position and a support roller with a rigid axle ( 22 ) with such a large force against the floor ( 25 ) pressed that the effect of the spherical roller is released by the discharge and the spherical roller only takes a support function.

If the X-ray diagnostic device is to be removed from a permanently adjusted adjusted point (eg in order to clear the operating field for surgical procedures), one on the support roller (FIG. 22 ) mounted encoder ( 84 ) is initialized and a display mounted on the operating unit for travel measurement is set to zero. If now the mobile X-ray diagnostic device is moved out of the operating field in a straight line, then the travel path is displayed in units, in number of revolutions or in cm via a conversion factor on the display panel. If the X-ray diagnostic device is to be returned to exactly the same point as required, the carriage should be moved in a straight line until the display on the control screen of the operating unit returns to zero. Optionally, the support roller by means of a servomotor ( 83 ) controlled by a controller. The support roller is then also motorized by means of an actuating element ( 85 ) to relieve the pendulum rollers pressed against the ground. On the column head ( 8th ) is a movable monitor mount ( 31 ), which has a viewing monitor ( 30 ) wearing. The monitor is - if necessary for the surgeon - by the operator ( 6 ) adjusted from the side facing away from the operating table of the C-arm.

In 2 is the input and display interface of the control element ( 2 ) shown schematically. To get a control monitor ( 32 ) Input elements, preferably designed as easy to disinfect and clean membrane keypad arranged. In the embodiment of the figure, the control element contains an alphanumeric keyboard ( 45 ) for entering texts (eg the patient data), switching elements ( 46 ) with fixed assignment of the switching functions, arrow keys ( 47 ) for moving pointers in screen menus as well as buttons ( 40 ) with user-specific function assignment, wherein the assignment of the function to the unmarked keys via a picture element ( 41 ) in the control monitor in the immediate vicinity of the button ( 40 ) he follows. The assignment of the key function can be done via software via a screen menu ( 42 ) are selected. In the exemplary embodiment, the control monitor contains a field next to the picture elements for the key assignment ( 36 ), in which all currently selected functions of the X-ray diagnostic device are displayed, and also a parameter field ( 35 ) in which all X-ray parameters are shown, a field with a control image ( 33 ) of the examination area and a field ( 34 ) for recorded and patient-specific data. The control unit ( 2 ) can be used for a wide variety of system configurations; In each case, the assignment of the keys is only newly defined by means of customized software.

In 3 the schematic arrangement of the individual components of the compact X-ray diagnostic device is shown. To a data bus for control data ( 60 ) are all customer-specific device components ( 65 . 66 . 67 ) modularly connected via an identical data interface. Connection options for later extensions ( 68 . 68 ' ) of the device configuration are provided by connecting to the data bus. In the minimal configuration, the electronic components of the operating unit ( 61 ), the viewing monitor ( 62 ), the X-ray image intensifier ( 63 ) and the X-ray source ( 64 ) contain. Customer-requested components, such as electronics for processing, storage and output of image data ( 65 ), an electronic system for controlling motor-driven mechanical components of the compact device ( 66 ) or a film exposure device for outputting slide films ( 67 ) are connected to the data bus and initialized via the central control software of the compact device. It does not matter if the data bus ( 60 ) is only used for control data or whether the image data are also passed over this.

In 4 the control of the length and height adjustment of the C-arm is shown schematically. Via a control unit for the longitudinal and vertical adjustment ( 88 ) is a control unit ( 80 ) and operated. The control unit is equipped with the servomotors for raising and lowering the support wheel ( 85 ), for the drive of the support wheel ( 83 ) and for raising and lowering the height-adjustable column ( 82 ) connected. The actuators are equipped with transmitters or limit switches ( 84 . 86 . 87 ), which together with the output of a tilt sensor ( 81 ) are supplied to the control unit. The illustrated basic arrangement allows a fully automatic correction of the center of the beam in two-level recordings.

pictures:

1 X-ray diagnostic device

2 : Operating and display surface of the operating unit

3 Schematic diagram of the control electronics

4 : Block diagram for the length and height adjustment of the C-arm

1

Compact X-ray diagnostic device

2

operating element

3

C-arm

4

X-ray

5

image intensifier

6

operator

7

pillar

8th

column head

9

bracket

10

Pillars carrying device

11

car body

12

Focus of the C-arm

13

radiation axis

20

Spherical roller

21

castor

22

supporting role with a rigid axis

25

floor

32

control monitor

33

control image of the examination area

34

text box for recording-specific dates

35

Parameterteld of the control monitor

36

function field of the control monitor

40

switching elements with user-specific function assignment

41

button view on the control monitor

42

Pull-down menu for key assignment

45

input keyboard for texts and numbers

46

switching elements with fixed function assignment

47

arrow keys to move a cursor

60

bus for control data

61

electronics unit the control unit

62

electronics unit of the viewing monitor

63

electronics unit of the X-ray image intensifier

64

electronics unit of the X-ray source

65

electronics for image processing, storage and output

66

electronics for controlling mechanical components

67

electronics for the output of slide films

68

interfaces for system extensions

80

control unit for longitudinal and height adjustment

81

tilt sensor at the C-bow

82

servomotor for height adjustment the column

83

servomotor for driving the support roller

84

encoders to control the support wheel rotation

85

actuator for lifting and lowering the support roller

86

transmitter for the height adjustment the column

87

limit indicator for lifting and lowering the support roller

88

operating unit for the Along- and height adjustment

89

height-adjustable support column for support roller ( 22 )

Claims (8)

Mobile surgical X-ray diagnostic device, comprising a parallel to the floor longitudinally adjustable C-arm with an attached X-ray image intensifier unit, mounted on a height-adjustable column multi-piece, interconnected by joints bracket which movably guides the C-arm along its circumference from a control unit acting on a control unit and a carriage, characterized in that • each joint and adjusting element is equipped with a movement-characterizing measuring device for detecting the degree of adjustment, • that the signals of the measuring devices of a display and control unit supplied and for further processing and storing and • that the measured values of the current position of the joints and adjusting elements are each stored in resettable buffer memories and displayed on a display. Mobile surgical X-ray diagnostics according to claim 1, characterized in that the longitudinal adjustment in the support arm with Help accomplished a motorized longitudinal adjustment becomes. Mobile surgical X-ray diagnostic device according to claim 1, characterized in that the longitudinal adjustment in the support arm of Hand made. Mobile surgical X-ray diagnostic device according to one of the claims 1-2, characterized in that the longitudinal adjustment in the support arm by means of an automatically running program in the control unit controlled electric motor is made Mobile surgical X-ray diagnostic device according to one of the claims 1-4, characterized in that the height adjustment the pillar of Hand done. Mobile surgical X-ray diagnostic device according to one of the claims 1-4, characterized in that the height adjustment the column by means of one of an automatically running program in the control unit controlled electric motor is made. Mobile surgical X-ray diagnostic device according to one of the claims 1-6, characterized in that the longitudinal adjustment accomplished in locked in the straight ahead direction steering axles on the car and that the Measurement of travel over one on the floor pressed supporting role with connected rotary encoder. Mobile surgical X-ray diagnostic device according to one of the claims 1-7, characterized in that the longitudinal adjustment when locked in straight direction of travel steering axles by means of a motor drive the pressed against the floor support roller and that the measurement of Travel path through a standing with the support roller in a fixed gear ratio Incremental encoder takes place and that the Measured values via the travel path be forwarded to a bus system.