DE4417925A1 - Method for generation of energy from of mobile masses - Google Patents

Abstract

Energy is generated during movements on variably loaded surfaces, between contacting surfaces, due to gravity-dependant alterations in the distance to the centre of the earth. This energy is supplied by a mass, to an energy recovery unit. The mass is moved on a mainly horizontal surface, and accelerated in direction of the centre of gravitation. The energy is transmitted to a storage medium and/or carrier, which is capable of repeated energy intake or discharge, resp. energy storage. Alternately, it is supplied to a device for conversion into mechanical and/or electrical and/or chemical and/or magnetic energy.

Description

The invention relates to a method for generating energy from the Movement potential of mobile masses and describes a device for Execution of the procedure.

Processes and plants for energy generation are by their assignment in technological processes using or using their procedurally very different uses of the primary Labeled energy dispenser.

The consumption-oriented technologies require for energy generation fossil or fissile energy sources, mostly achieved with low ones Efficiencies low amounts of useful energy, promote an accelerated Increase in entropy and consume the energy donor Release of polluting emissions. Your application is contrary to the alternative technologies that arise when used naturally of regenerative energy sources (solar and wind energy, hydropower etc.) - at least in the energy generation phase - largely without reclassify additional environmental pollution into natural processes, dependent on the availability of energy-giving resources and only applicable for a limited time.

The currently usable regenerative energy sources or Use-oriented technologies are only available locally on a global scale an amount or concentration sufficient for acceptable efficiencies available require complex structures with a large space requirement and are in no way ecologically harmless in this regard. This applies all the more more, because the required space is usually not in the highly developed, densely populated industrialized countries of the world are where the energy demand is greatest is. But this is where the required space is most valuable, and due to their dense development is a structural change difficult to implement economically and ecologically.

The permanent consumption and the future already visible now Unavailability of traditional energy sources such as oil, natural gas, coal and the material used to operate the nuclear power plants, the collectively cover over 90% of current energy needs, as well  Significant disadvantages of use-oriented technologies compel Turn away from consumption-oriented technologies and require the search for new use-oriented ecotechnological solutions under Use of regenerative energy sources.

It is known that the gravitational force is one after the current human Understanding regenerative power represents that on every mass or body exerts gravitational influence and accelerates towards the center of the earth.

It is known that behind the term "mobility" movement hide where molecular kinetic masses are on surfaces or in Move rooms.

It is known that when exercising mobility, part of the mobility required energy source when touching mass and surface in unavoidable or unused forms of energy, such as that of the Converting thermal energy generated by vehicle tires to flexing and influence the efficiency of use.

It is known that the energy potential of water or air masses Movement potential or mobility inherent in them Energy generation can be used. For this purpose, however, special structures are included in some cases - as with reservoirs - considerable space requirements and appropriate interventions in the ecosystem are required.

It is known that parts of the energy potential (kinetic energy) of larger ones moving masses - such as rolling freight cars on the rolling mountain of one Marshalling yard or means of transport moving on the street (e.g. Bus) - which become free when traffic is delayed, by means of object-related energy recovery systems or in the vehicle (e.g. flywheel) and store it in primary energy. However, these solutions are because of the necessary large masses and the high costs only suitable for a few selected objects and means of transport and cannot deliver any significant amounts of energy globally.

In the following, the term "traffic area" or "area" should refer to all mechanically loaded or resilient, in particular walkable and / or understandable passable substantially horizontal surfaces  be that of the (predominantly) horizontal, parallel to their surface ongoing, change of location and / or shift of focus from Serve masses where there are interfaces between masses (e.g. feet) and Touch the surface (e.g. street) in contact, but not only underneath existing ones, but also new ones if necessary areas to be created must be understood.

Under the term "operating medium" or "storage medium" or "carrier" all solid and / or liquid and / or gaseous, mechanical and / or physical and / or chemical substances or components made from it are understood, their consistency (Relationship, density, durability, durability, strength, viscosity, chemical constitution, behavior towards changes in shape, Quality with regard to the connection of the particles) marked at least one of the properties specified in the brackets is. Furthermore, the operating or storage medium and / or carrier has the Ability to repeat energy intake and release or changes in the physical state (e.g. solid-liquid), the energy of a non-gravitational field, the material structure, the spatial form, the spatial allocation or assignment and / or the chemical constitution or the Ability to go through a chemical reaction (such as dissolve failures) on. There are also known solutions for this, such as those have recently been used in exhaust gas heat stores for motor vehicles. The operating or storage medium or the carrier can have cavities fill a sponge-like storage structure or on solid Interfaces are adsorbed.

The invention has for its object a method and an apparatus to carry out the process for energy production from the To specify the movement potential of mobile masses with which one use-oriented, decentralized, emission-free energy generation, especially in densely populated areas with high energy requirements, without additional space requirement is possible. It relates in particular to the global energy integration and transformation surfaces used for movement technology, on which gravitationally influenced Move masses to change location and / or shift focus.  

This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 or a device with the features of claim 2 solved.

The invention includes the idea behind the term "mobility" hiding horizontal and / or vertical z. T. very complex Movements of gravitationally influenced, permanent downward accelerated masses, especially the diverse types of automotive and / or mobile technical systems (including the transport goods), such as that of the means of transport (e.g. road, rail vehicles etc.) and the movement potential of people themselves, in the context of a general Process and device ideas for energy generation open up. It accesses both the mass-owned (e.g. transport, Bulk goods, liquids etc.), the essence (the animal world own) and the technical systems (automotive and / or mobile machines, Devices and systems) associated movement potential as well their energy potentials too. It aims to be a procedure as well Specify device for performing the method in which the Force input of a gravitationally accelerated mass in the form of its physical Weight force as the primary force input on a workable Energy generation equipment is transmitted and reproduced secondary component on a substantially horizontal Area exercised in a direction parallel to its surface location-changing and / or shifting focus by a networked multiple arrangement of such devices is often used. In particular, by assigning these new energetic Function for areas an ecotechnological energy production without achieve additional surface construction. As a result, in addition to Individual areas, the huge, so far exclusively the process of Locations serving the modern networked transport systems a secondary use for use-oriented energy management Fed use. This is particularly useful in terms of costs for busy and / or busy areas (railways, roads, Squares, pedestrian areas, interior areas, in, out, up, down and Passage areas, businesses, cultural institutions, sports facilities, public Buildings, department stores, teaching facilities, leisure facilities, parks, etc.) at. These areas are (or will be) for traffic reasons Lifestyle created anyway (their multiple use is only effective to existing areas, so it is not possible to enlarge it  sealed surfaces) and their cross-linking density is special there big where a lot of people are, so where the tendency is Energy demand is great. But this also applies to those on load-bearing Foundations built structures by those attacking them Forces B. Wind load in motion or vibrations and e.g. B. by a between the foundation and the building erected on it introduced energy generation layer (e.g. piezoelectric insulating layer) can be used energetically. So far, neither the energy (Weight) still the movement potential (mobility) - by some apart from technical uses - when moving gravitationally influenced masses used on their assigned areas, but almost completely dissipated into unusable thermal energy. These circumstances advocate their use in the energy industry. In their current design with their one-sided use in traffic engineering However, they do not offer (traffic load absorption, transport management, etc.) Possibility for an energetic use because the ones that are on them Movement processes with their changing mechanical Stress moments (different weight forces) and their periodic occurring load changes (loading and unloading phase) remain unused. In particular, this does not take into account that each mass below the Influence of the regenerative gravitational force according to the relation G = mg a experienced acceleration towards the center of the earth, which turns out to be Weight force (G) in the form of a mechanical load or after Acceleration as a force caused by inertia on a surface precipitates and moves with the mass due to its mobility continuously shifted. It can therefore be based on the movement processes for continuous use-oriented energy generation as permanent usable primary force input, in particular as a motor force input, in use a workable energy recovery facility.

To the one-sided functional task of the surfaces in an energetic To extend user application, it is necessary to use another Structure structure and / or with another than or near the surface arranged covering to provide as usual, so that it by the Installation of individual energy generation facilities or from them composite networked composite structures or surface elements can act energetically. In particular, it is necessary to have a surface to assign movable cover layer or receiving device, with which the  the forces acting on the surface are supplied with energy. In this case, the energy released in the course of the movement can preferably be about an area-covering and / or grid-like installation Energy generation layer, which is also common with surfaces otherwise technical surface features (e.g. compressive strength, adhesion, etc.) can be equipped and is made up of a large number of networked individuals Energy generating devices are put together. These can be used individually or together with a single or shared memory or a single or shared Energy conversion facility interact and in energetic connection as a plate, mat and / or film-like composite structure or Traffic area components assigned to an area or carrier layer become. The energy production facilities can indirect use of the force input also below a force-transmitting movable surface covering or in traffic area components (Paving stones, pavement slabs, railway sleepers, etc.) are on and on support an underlying carrier layer. Areas equipped in this way become emission-free ecotechnological power plants, whose efficiency through traffic management measures, the arrangement density of the Energy production facilities, their efficiency and the number their contacts can be influenced. Under consideration of nationwide networking and the diversity of modes of transport open up a variety of installation locations and possibilities. Here a combination with alternative facilities also appears - for example Solar plants, wind plants, plants for hydrogen production etc. - as promising.

The invention provides for the energy potential of masses in particular People, vehicles and other automotive and / or mobile technical systems that move on the area intended for them, a part of their potential that becomes free in the normal course of movement and / or kinetic energy of an otherwise lost Extract the amount of energy and through one, also transportable, energy winning device or from them by multiple arrangement composite networked composite structures or surface elements - that after a solid mechanical and / or hydromechanical and / or aeromechanical functional or operating principle can work - use energetically without the original functional task of the surface  to significantly affect. This can apply to certain areas derive additional benefits from energy deprivation. In particular, vibration damping z. B. on roads, bridges, buildings etc. achieve so that, if necessary, complex mechanical dampers by the Installation of simple energy generation devices can be saved. There can also be advantages with regard to the seismic safety of buildings by installing the energy-converting or energy-extracting energy production facilities for Vibration damping z. B. between the building and the foundation. Furthermore, z. B. by converting the released Energy in thermal energy "heat" the traffic areas in winter and assigned consumer facilities by generating energy from the Power traffic flow out. Because especially at remote consumers for energy supply larger Distances have to be overcome with the necessary supply lines lead to high line costs and proportional energy losses the generation of energy from the flow of traffic itself is great, besides that reducing losses and the energy costs saved, additional significant savings. It is particularly advantageous the fact that the energy in a variable decentralized way immediate environment of the consumer won and if necessary on short Can be removed from a conversion or storage device. For example, a lighting or heating device would only switch on, when a mass changes its location and the required Amount of energy delivers. This not only eliminates line losses and Energy costs saved - no energy is wasted.

Because with masses with flowing and / or moving focus shifting mobility the state of a continuing directional movement is shifting to the Areas, due to the temporally sequential change of location, the center of gravity and therefore the mechanical Load on the surface with the direction of movement. The result of Vibrations in the surface-moving mass system, when leveling, at Circumstances that occur or the speed changes released energy including the inevitable periodic Load changes can by means of the invention Energy production facility using a physical  and / or mechanical and / or electrical and / or magnetic and / or chemical and / or thermal functional or action principle in a usable form of energy can be converted and it can be a Conversion of one of the named forms of energy into another of the named types respectively.

The energy generation shown is the use and conversion of a potential and / or kinetic released Energy in an easily transportable and therefore "disposable" form of energy, or the transfer of the same type of energy to a carrier that is allowed to transport the "gained" energy or for later Save usage. Here it is in some applications from Meaning that part of the energy released for efficient use in their direction of transfer by means of rectifier devices "rectified" is prevented from returning to the original carrier. These facilities are usually upstream and downstream of the reception facility a storage device and can one Output device and a conversion device before or downstream.

The decisive aspect of the method according to the invention is that the change in distance of the moving mass to the center of the earth in Towards the center of gravity, through the (also slight) change in distance as freed in the vertical direction Energy supplied to an energy recovery device, via its movable Recording device recorded, transformer by means of a Conversion device to an operating or storage medium and / or Carrier transmitted and immediately, or through an intermediary Energy conversion device with or without an associated storage device, is supplied to a dispenser and for further use is available. It is important that this change in distance between the movable receiving device and one opposite it in essential spatially assigned support device (abutment, Basic body etc.), which is supported on a support layer, and the spatial arrangement or the distance between Support and support device changed to each other. The return of the Receiving device in the workable starting position, d. H. Restoration of the original distance to the support device or  to the center of the earth, is done by an energy storage Return device.

This type of energy can be generated particularly in places where the changes in position in the earth's gravitational field are caused by traffic and the energy released so far when the mass moves downwards almost consistently in the course of vibration, braking or cushioning processes is dissipated as thermal energy. Within the scope of the present invention this previously unused energy is partially converted and / or stored and in the same system for movements of other masses upwards other consumers or for other purposes, such as B. for large-scale Supply of electrical energy, for hydrogen production, for the operation of Supply and disposal systems or to the previously mentioned Consumer devices switched according to motion become.

Thus, everyone is accomplished within a movement process and by the Energy recovery device detectable change in position of a Center of gravity as an independent renewed motor force input its weight with proportionally released amount of energy and to consider periodic load changes in the energy recovery device and the one that can be obtained from a continuous movement process Total energy is the proportional conversion product from the effective Individual amount of each individual force entry and the number of the Energy recovery device detected position change. The for Level compensation required energy is from the moving Apply mass. To a certain extent, this is with everyone Movement process of a mobile mass the case.

From this it can be concluded that the stationary or transportable Energy generation facilities by selecting one of the Traffic volume and the mechanical loads that occur appropriate functional or operating principle, as well as their constructive design and spatial arrangement, through which a surface is assigned Energy production facilities and / or composite structures or surfaces components, design and influence diverse and under economic and ecological aspects in a reasonable relation to the Ensure the functional main task of the area.  

According to a further aspect, the invention comprises in addition to the spatial designed energy recovery facilities or the ones from them composite cross-linked sheets, mats and / or foils Composite structures or surface building elements, including walk-on and / or elastic floor coverings that can be driven on, similar to shaggy Carpets or the elastic vehicle tires - when walking or Driving a slight cushioning "sinking" takes place, the released energy but not - as with carpet or tires - as Thermal energy is lost, rather than as a floor and / or near the floor arranged energy harvesting devices (e.g. as "piezoelectric Carpet ") is converted into useful energy. It is with such solutions possible, also technical features such. B. Tire characteristics (tread pattern, Elasticity, etc.) including the cushioning properties of one itself Moving mass proportionally or entirely on a surface arranged resilient energy shift layer or over one in the horizontally moving mass located energy recovery device Gain energy without compromising the properties between the moving mass and the area.

In particular, is in a fixed and / or portable assignment to a energetically usable area at least one with a movable Recording device provided energy recovery device for recording to provide a force input from a conversion device transforming to an operating or storage medium and / or carrier transferred and from a delivery device to deliver the transferred and / or converted and / or stored energy and which with its support device (abutment, base body, etc.) on one Backing layer supports. Thus, one in the sense of the invention usable energy generation device in its basic Construction:

• - a recording-,
• - a return,
• - a conversion device,
• - a support and
• - a dispenser

and can optionally be equipped with other facilities. Certainly by the applied principle of function or action, the place of use and the  Purpose the energy recovery facilities u. a. also with rectifier, blocking, valve, displacement, energy conversion, storage, Sealing, protection, ventilation, passage, connection, return, Networking, control devices as well as supply and discharge device for the Connection to external reservoirs for the continuous supply of the Storage area or room with a low-energy or for storage an energy-rich operating or storage medium and / or carrier etc. be equipped. This results, for. B. by corresponding interlocking coupling devices in opposite Arrangement on the passage, feed and discharge facilities or Pass-through, derivation and control devices can be arranged, Networking options with other energy generation facilities, Control options for the operating mode and connection options existing supply and / or disposal systems.

Basically, different types of known storage devices are for the energy storage, where the storage is in several stages can be used. First, the transformative transmission of the released energy and its storage in a low-energy Operating or storage medium and / or on a carrier, then the Transport and storage of the energy-rich operating or Storage medium and / or carrier in a storage device and / or Transfer to an energy conversion facility in which an energy conversion in a field energy not assigned to gravitation, in e.g. B. electrical Energy, especially using a piezoelectric, magnetostrictive, inductive or capacitive energy conversion device that with a motion component versus one essentially fixed reference element is applied can take place.

Due to the ability of piezoelectric materials, in any shape mechanical stress (pressure, tension, torsion, etc.) The ions were shifted from their means to dipoles (where the positive ones and negative charge centers no longer coincide) or change, there is a wealth of application and Construction options through the use of the most varied Carrier materials and design means for production piezoelectric energy converter.  

Other advantageous developments of the invention are in the Unteran Sayings marked or are together with the Description of embodiments of the invention with reference to the figures shown. Show it:

Fig. 1 and 1a is a schematic representation of a Energiegewinnungsein device (1) and a composite of multiple arrangement composite structure or component surface (1a),

Figs. 1b and 1c, the cross-sectional schematic representation of an embodiment in the rest (1b) and in the loaded (1c) state,

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an enlarged embodiment,

Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a working piezoelectric based embodiment,

Fig. 3a shows a detailed view of the device according to Fig. 3,

FIG. 3b is a detailed view of the device according to Fig. 3,

Fig. 3c and 3d show detail views of the apparatus of Fig. 3,

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a working piezoelectric based embodiment,

FIGS. 4a and 4b show detail views of the inventive device in the idle (4a) and in the loaded (4b) state of Fig. 4,

Fig. 4c is a detailed view of the device according to Fig. 4,

Fig. 4d is a schematic cross-sectional view of an assembled from devices according to Fig. 4 composite,

Fig. 4e is a detailed representation of the inventive device according to FIG. 4,

Fig. 5 is a schematic plan view of a matrix-like network of energy converters in accordance with the invention,

Fig. 6 is a schematic plan view of a matrix-like composite according to an embodiment of the invention, and

Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of a carpet-like traffic surface covering according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 1 shows schematically the basic structure, the functional or operating principle and the force curve of an energy recovery device 1 , in which the gravitationally caused change in distance to the center of the earth caused by an input of force by the movable receiving device 2 , which is spatially opposite to it associated support device 6 , which is essentially stationary on a supporting support layer, is received and transferred by means of the conversion device 4 to an operating or storage medium and / or support 5 by means of a transformer. A small part of the energy is stored in the return device 3 , the conversion device 4 and / or the operating or storage medium and / or carrier 5 and the support device 6 for returning the receiving device 2 , and the larger part is fed to the delivery device 7 for further use. If the load ends on the receiving device 2 , it assumes its starting position using the energy stored between it and the supporting device 6 , in particular the energy stored in the return device 3 .

FIG. 1 a shows schematically a flat composite structure or surface component 10 linked by a plurality of energy generation devices through the connecting device 20 , which forms a usable area through the arrangement of the energy generation device 1 described schematically in FIG. 1 and in association with a mobile mass and / or a contaminated area in addition to the traffic technology, an energetic use of traffic areas enables.

Figs. 1b and 1c schematically show basic elements of a first embodiment of the invention a usable as a transport device surface energy extraction means, the basic shape and dimensions similar to the related in Verkehrsflächenbau components.

The energy recovery device ( 101 ) with its movable receiving device 2 (load receiving surface 103 ) and the longitudinally movable connecting element (piston rod 104 ) has a movable receiving device 2 for receiving the force input F, which is transformed by a conversion device 4 (piston rod 104 / compression chamber 113 ) is transferred to an operating or storage medium and / or carrier 5 . The cylinder ( 105 ) is formed by an essentially central, vertically running bore - with or without an associated bushing - in the support device 6 (base body 102 ) of the energy recovery device ( 101 ). Between the underside of the receiving device 2 (load-bearing surface 103 ) and the upper side ( 102 a) of the support device 6 (base body 102 ) facing it, an intermediate space ( 106 ) is formed by the return device 3 (spring element 107 ) arranged therebetween, the force equilibrium with one the top surface (103 a) of the receiving means (103 load bearing surface) pressure force exerted determine 2 the position of the piston rod (104) in the cylinder (105) and the bore and in the compression chamber (113) and because of their energy-storing properties as a feedback device 3, the load bearing surface (103 ) together with the associated connecting element (piston rod 104 ) are conveyed back to the starting position. The reservoir ( 108 ) for receiving the operating or storage medium and / or carrier 5 is connected to the cylinder ( 105 ) and is connected to an external (not shown) reservoir via the feed device ( 109 ). The storage space ( 108 ) is connected to the atmosphere for pressure equalization via the ventilation device ( 110 ) and merges in its lower area without a partition into the self-filling compression space ( 113 ) in which the operating or storage medium and / or the carrier 5 is enriched with energy. In the lower area of the support device 6 (base body 102 ) there is the delivery device 7 (discharge device 111 ), which is connected to the compression chamber ( 113 ) via the rectifier device (check valve 112 ) and the operating or storage medium and / or the carrier 5 into a reservoir (not shown) for further use. The compression space ( 113 ) located above the rectifier device (check valve 112 ) and between the underside of the lowering receiving device 2 (piston rod 104 a) is closed by the downward movement of the piston rod ( 104 ).

As FIG. 1c shows, when the force is applied, the receiving device 2 (load-bearing surface 103 ) moves against the spring force of the return device 3 (spring element 107 ) with its connecting element (piston rod 104 ) downward and changes the distance to the supporting device 6 (base body 102 ) until an equilibrium of forces is set 10. The piston rod ( 104 ) reduces the compression space ( 113 ) and displaces the operating or storage medium and / or the carrier 5 from it via the rectifier device (check valve 112 ) through the discharge device ( 111 ) serving as the discharge device 7 , from where it is in a storage or energy conversion device (not shown) arrives. At the same time (or later in a separate operation), the storage space ( 108 ) is filled up again with the (low-energy) operating or storage medium and / or carrier 5 via the feed device ( 109 ), thus the circuit for the operating or storage medium and / or the carrier 5 is closed. In order to avoid a possible negative pressure during the upward movement in the compression space 113 in the lowered state of the piston rod ( 104 ), a regulating decompression device (not shown) is assigned to this component.

If the load ends on the receiving device 2 (load receiving surface 103 ), it, together with the connecting element ( 104 ), moves upwards under the action of part of the force stored in the return device 3 until the state according to FIG. 1b is reached and a renewed absorption of a force F is possible.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the invention similar in parts of the energy recovery device 101 according to Fig. 1b or 1c, here elements for external control, for energy storage, electrotechnical energy conversion and networking devices are indicated, so that the energy recovery device 201 a selectable Operating mode for energy generation enabled. The elements corresponding to the energy generation device 101 according to FIG. 1b are mentioned below, but are not described again comprehensively.

Analogous to the energy generation device 101, the energy generation device 201 has an essentially stationary base body 202 and a load-receiving surface 203 which is movable relative thereto and which is connected by the connecting element in the form of a piston rod 204 a to the working piston 204 which is displaceable below the bushing 218 . While the force input via the load-bearing surface 203 a of the load-bearing surface 203 is transmitted to the working piston 204 (adapted to the expected force input) by means of the piston rod 204 a, the working piston 204 lowers into that from which a ventilation hole 210 communicates with the atmosphere reservoir 208 closes in the compression chamber 205 automatically filling end operating or storage medium and / or the carrier, and in its downward movement with the surrounding him seal 204 b to the upper region of the compression space 205th In the further downward movement, the working piston 204 , which is provided with a decompression device (not shown), displaces the operating or storage medium and / or the carrier via the check valve 212 , the valve device 213 and the pressure-absorbing connecting channel 211 up to that which is moving under the dynamic pressure building up setting energy converter 214 . Depending on the moment of inertia of the energy converter 214 and the connecting channel cross-sections, a back pressure builds up, which is taken up by the internal pressure accumulator 215 in the rest position 215.1 up to its maximum filling volume 215.2 and is available to the energy converter 214 with its storage pressure even after the load-bearing surface 203 has been relieved stands. The operating or storage medium relaxed after passing through the energy converter 214 and / or the carrier is fed back to the reservoir 208 via the return channel 209 . The return of the load-bearing surface 203 into the rest position takes place predominantly through the energy-storing spring element 207 , which encloses the piston rod 204 a by means of an introduced recess and with sealing lips 206 formed on the outer edges into the grooves 217 a on the underside of the load-bearing surface 203 and the grooves 217 on the top of the base body 202 engages, thereby producing a dust and moisture-repellent movable connection between the base body 202 and the load-bearing surface 203 and thus forms a workable energy recovery device 201 .

To ensure reliable working ability, the piston rod 204 a runs in a bushing 218 , which is sealed at the upper end by a dust and moisture-repellent seal 219 and at the lower end by the sealing device 220 , both of which are anchored in the base body 202 . Due to the inner shape of the base body 202 , the maximum filling volume 215.2 of the pressure accumulator 215 , its maximum expansion space 215 a and spatial arrangement, the capacity of the storage container 208 with the adjoining self-filling compression space 205 , the connecting channel 211 , the receiving space for the energy converter 214 and to adapt the return duct 209 adjoining the energy converter 214 to optimize the pressure conditions, flow velocities etc. within the energy generation device 201 to the load conditions and energetic conditions.

The electrotechnical and electronic elements of the energy generating device 201 are only partially (schematically) shown in FIG. 2 and without wiring; Corresponding input devices 221 and output devices 221 a (and the passage devices 222 ) which are used for external control, as well as for control and energy-side networking with other energy generation devices, are however indicated. As a result of the externally controllable switching possibility of the supply device 223 , the discharge device 216 and the valve device 213 , the energy recovery device 201 can be operated with an open or closed circuit of the operating or storage medium and / or the carrier in an optional operating mode.

The energy generation device 201 has, in the form of a passage device 222 with its coupling part 222 a, which, when networked, sealingly engages in a corresponding coupling part (not shown) of a further, adjacent energy generation device 201 of the same type, as well as a feed line device 223 and one with a coupling device 224 a and a lead device 216 equipped lead channel 224 , networking elements.

As a rule, with this type of device, the provision of a storage room in the immediate field of work of the transformative  Conversion device for filling it may be useful, these can be completely or partially enclosed by the storage room.

FIG. 3 shows a networkable energy recovery device, which is equipped with piezoelectric energy converters and is composed of two legs and a movable connecting device and uses the lever laws, with a central arrangement of the pivot point. This representation is also to be understood as a schematic functional representation.

As shown in Fig. 3, the energy recovery device 301 consists of two centrally crossing power-transmitting legs 305 a, 305 b, to which at their end points load-bearing surfaces 302 a / 302 b or position-stabilizing design-identical abutments 303 a / 303 b are assigned, which are in pairs ( 302 a / 302 b and 303 a / 303 b) in different levels, spatially one above the other, horizontal to each other and in the upper level ( 302 a / 302 b) the absorption of the force input and in the lower level ( 303 a / 303 b) serve as a support device or abutment 303 a / 303 b. The central arrangement of a bore 304 in the legs 305 a and 305 b and its rotatable, fixed connection - effected by a double-sided collar bush 304 a connecting the two legs 305 a and 305 b - thus creates a cross-shaped, double-sided, equipped with scissor-like mobility Acting, stable lever system, which transmits the force input acting on the load-bearing surfaces 302 a / 302 b to the piezoelectric energy converters 306 a / 306 b and, through the lever action, causes an increased pressurization. As shown in Fig. 3b, in each leg 305 there are two horizontally and vertically mirrored identical recesses 307 and 307 a, which due to their special shape at points 308 and 308 a in conjunction with a column dimension (to be observed when manufacturing legs) - with half-sided construction - allow the lever system a limited mobility. As shown in Fig. 3a enlarged, the recesses 307 and 307 a in the two legs 305 a and 305 b ( Fig. 3) serve as two-part receiving spaces for the piezoelectric energy converters 306 a and 306 b including their made of insulating and electrically conductive materials existing cup-shaped bezels 310 a, 310 b, 310 c and 310 d and the associated electrical leads 311 a, 311 b, 311 c and 311 d.

(Z. B. PZT) Figs. 3c and 3d show an enlarged view of the parts of a piezoelectric energy converter 306, which, arranged in each case above and below, the interface 312 surrounds skirt 310 of a conductive, the interface 312 contacting electrode 309 , the lead 311 which is connected to it in an electrically conductive manner and an outer casing 313 connected to it, isolating and holding, which is connected to form a unit. When the load is released, the transducers expand again while releasing energy and establish the original distance between the load bearing and the abutment.

The piezoelectric energy converters 308 a and 306 b arranged in the middle section of the cruciform energy generation device 301 cause a deformation starting from the interfaces 312 as a result of the pressurization, whereby a voltage which can be tapped off is produced and is derived by the electrodes 309 and leads 311 .

It is via an arrangement in the axial, horizontal and / or vertical direction possible to several energy generation facilities of the type shown Network structures or surface elements to network or in optional Embedding arrangement in a support layer. Through the diverse Design options of this device also for multi-armed, sym or asymmetrical, equal or unequal leg lever systems as well as the Introduction or arrangement of holes, recesses, others Facilities etc. result in further usable devices that the adapted to the respective traffic conditions can be.

Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of an energy recovery device for converting movement into electrical energy. A reshaping which makes them usable for additional absorption of the kinetic energy released is (as also in the devices according to FIGS. 1 to 3) within the scope of the skill of the person skilled in the art and is therefore not explained in more detail below.

The energy recovery device 406 has in the upper base body 401 a displaceable receiving device surrounded by an elastic seal 402 - consisting of the load receiving surface 404 a and the piston rod 403 . The load-bearing surface 404 a is connected to the piston rod 403 running in the central blind bore 401 a of the upper base body 401 and transmits the force input in the extension of its longitudinal axis through the material layer 414 remaining between the blind bore 401 a and the lower boundary surface of the upper base body 401 the piezoelectric energy converter 412 arranged in a groove-shaped recess 413 in the lower base body 408 . The upper part 405 of the energy recovery device 406 is provided on its underside facing the piezoelectric energy converter 412 with an electrically conductive layer 409 applied in the form of a strip for upper energy dissipation. Due to the force input on the top 404 of the load bearing surface 404 a, the remaining material layer is pressed 414 together with the conductive layer 409 of the upper part 405 electrically contacting to the upper boundary of the underlying piezoelectric energy converter 412 transmits a transformer the force input to it and generates at its deformation a , via the conductive layer 409 and the transverse boundary surface, the lower boundary surface of the piezoelectric energy converter 412 on three sides comprising electrically conductive enclosure 410 - which is located in the recess 413 of the lower base body 408 under the piezoelectric energy converter 412 - the voltage, via the output device can be tapped. Due to the elastic seal 402 arranged below the load-bearing surface 404 a and the material layer 414 remaining below the blind hole 401 a, the energy recovery device 406 is reset to the starting position.

The energy transport can instead of the transport path shown in Fig. 4c also, as shown in Fig. 4e, by a below the piezoelectric energy converter 412 , which is located in a precisely fitting groove-shaped recess 413 a in the lower base body 408 , through which on the lower inner wall of the groove-shaped recess 413 a in the base body 408 introduced electrically conductive base 411 (or coating) and the upper derivation device 409 .

The connection points (e.g. welding points) 407 , 407 a serve for the fixed connection between the upper part 405 and the lower base body 408 , protect the composite structure or surface component from moisture and contamination and ensure reliable operational safety.

A schematic sectional view through a composite structure or surface component, in which the structure can be formed by the above-described energy recovery equipment, Fig. 4d. Such a structure can be produced from sheets structured in relief, which can be processed into sheet-like or mat-like structures, and which can be technically adapted to the place of use and the intended use in the energy industry.

Fig. 5 is a schematic plan view showing a composite array of circular energy recovery equipment 502 on an imaginary surface 501 in the form of a (plate-like) 5 x 10 matrix that are touching each other on the circumference, respectively. The energy delivery, implementation and possibly control takes place via lines running in row direction 503 and column direction 504 .

An arrangement of the type shown in FIG . B. as a base plate in track systems (between rail and sleeper), but also suitable for a surface-covering and / or grid-like type of installation particularly on (preferably) heavily loaded surfaces.

FIG. 6 shows - likewise schematically - a networked composite structure or surface component 601 made of strip-like networked energy absorbers 602 . The individual energy converters can z. B. under the crossing points, responsive to pressure or arranged on the outer edges of the frame, responsive to train energy converter. The energy dissipation, as well as the networking of several of these matrix-like structures, takes place via the derivation or connection devices running in the row direction 603 or in the column direction 604 .

FIG. 7 shows a schematic illustration of the cross section of an energy-converting surface covering 701 , in which piezoelectric energy converters 705 , similar to those shown in FIGS. 3c and 3d, between an upper 704 and lower conductive layer 706 , which serve as dissipation electrodes, and an upper and lower protective film 703 are strung together. This arrangement is completed at the top and bottom by an upper layer 702 or lower layer 707 equipped with the technical and design properties and can therefore also be used for decorative design. An arrangement of the type shown in Fig. 7 is e.g. B. as a floor covering ("piezoelectric carpet") in indoor areas, or on (predominantly) pedestrian areas.

The embodiment of the invention is not limited to the above specified embodiments. Rather, there are a variety of variations in addition to the use also with regard to the design, dimensioning, spatial arrangement and shape as well as the usable materials and the possible connection types conceivable by the solution according to the invention in its embodiments also make use of fundamentally different types. Here comes any type of storage or conversion and storage of the with the Measures obtained according to the invention: In addition to the immediate storage of mechanical energy in the form of potential Energy (stroke of mass parts) can also be used as kinetic energy (by means of Flywheels, springs and the like.) Are saved immediately. In other variants can be made using an electromechanical converter Conversion to electrical energy (electron displacement in conductors - electrical current) or in electrical or magnetic field energy (Approximation of capacitor plates or magnetic poles of opposite Polarity, enlargement of the air gap in magnetic circles). As electrical energy processed energy can in turn by triggering chemical reactions are stored or transported (accumulator or hydrogen decomposition). In particular, the reversal of the described processes, in particular the energy conversion or Storage in the mass moving on the traffic surface usable variant.

Claims (13)

1. A method for generating energy from the movement potential of mobile masses, characterized in that

• - The energy released during movement processes on alternately loaded surfaces between contacting surfaces due to the gravitational change in distance to the center of the earth, accelerated towards the center of gravity in the area of action of the gravitational field on a substantially horizontally running surface parallel to the surface and / or shifting the center of gravity Mass, is fed to an energy production device that receives the load input, consists of several devices, forms a surface and / or is arranged near the surface,
• - The released energy is transferred to an operating or storage medium and / or a carrier capable of repeated energy absorption and delivery or storage and, alternatively, a device for converting energy into mechanical and / or electrical and / or chemical and / or magnetic and / or thermal energy is supplied or conversions of the mentioned into other of the mentioned forms of energy take place,
• - The converted energy is released as a disposable form of energy via a delivery device.

2. Device for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that

• - The area which can be used for energy is formed from individual energy recovery devices ( 1 ) or composite structures or area components ( 10 ) composed of them, the basic structure of which is made up of at least one each
• - Admission-,
• - repatriation
• - conversion,
• - support,
• - delivery device is equipped,
• - is a transformer (5) transmitted by said converting means (4) on the operating or storage medium and / or the carrier, and discharged through the discharge means (7) as a disponible form of energy being added to the force input on the mobile receiving device (2),
• - The return device ( 2 ) is returned to the workable starting position, ie the restoration of the original spatial position to the support device ( 6 ) by the return device ( 3 ),
• - A space or area for receiving an operating or storage medium and / or a carrier is provided between the receiving and the support device.

3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that from several energy recovery devices in an optional arrangement or in a carrier layer embedded, a surface-forming and / or in Energy generation layer arranged close to the surface is formed. 4. Apparatus according to claim 2 and 3, characterized in that in the return device energy storage for return takes place in the starting position. 5. Apparatus according to claim 2 to 4, characterized in that themselves networking and / or through coupling devices Control options for system setting or Connectivity to networks and reservoirs. 6. The device according to claim 2 to 5, characterized in that

• - The energy recovery device ( 101 ) consists of the base body ( 102 ), on the top of which the load-receiving surface ( 103 ) is arranged with the piston rod ( 104 ) movable in the longitudinal axis, which with the essentially central, vertical bore in the base body ( 102 ) Energy conversion device in the form of the piston-cylinder device ( 104 ; 105 ) and the self-closing compression space ( 113 ),
• - Between the underside of the load-bearing surface ( 103 ) and the top ( 102 a) of the base body ( 102 ) facing it, an intermediate space ( 106 ) is formed, in which progressively acting permanently elastic spring elements ( 107 ) are arranged, which form the return device and the load-bearing surface ( 103 ) with the assigned transmission element (piston rod 104 ) return to the starting position,
• - In the area of the cylinder ( 105 ), a self-emptying storage space ( 108 ) for receiving the operating or storage medium and / or carrier is arranged, which via the ventilation device ( 110 ) with the atmosphere and via the supply device ( 109 ) with a is connected to an external reservoir and which in its lower area merges without partition into the self-filling compression space ( 113 ) in which the transformative energy conversion takes place,
• - In the lower area of the base body ( 102 ) is the discharge device ( 111 ), which is connected via the check valve ( 112 ) to the compression chamber ( 113 ) and the enriched operating or storage medium and / or the carrier in a reservoir further use.

7. The device according to claim 2 to 5, characterized in that

• - The energy generation device ( 201 ) consists of a base body ( 202 ), on the top of which a movable load-bearing surface ( 203 ) is arranged, which is displaceable in its longitudinal axis by the connecting element in the form of the piston rod ( 204 a) with the one below the bushing ( 218 ) located working piston ( 204 ) is connected and forms a piston-cylinder device ( 204 ; 205 ) with the compression chamber ( 205 ),
• - Above the compression space ( 205 ) is connected to this a storage space ( 208 ) for receiving an operating or storage medium and / or carrier, which is connected via the ventilation device ( 210 ) for pressure equalization with the atmosphere and in its lower Area without a partition merges into the self-filling compression space ( 205 ), in which the transformative energy conversion takes place,
• - The return of the load-bearing surface ( 203 ) in the rest position mainly by the energy-storing spring element ( 207 ) between the underside of the load-bearing surface ( 203 ) and the top of the base body ( 202 ), which surrounds the piston rod ( 204 a) with an introduced recess and with the molded on the outer edges sealing lips ( 206 ) in the grooves ( 217 a) of the underside of the load-bearing surface ( 203 ) and the grooves ( 217 ) of the top of the base body ( 202 ) engages, whereby a dust and moisture-repellent movable connection between the Basic body ( 202 ) and the load bearing surface ( 203 ) is produced,
• - Via the check valve ( 212 ), the valve device ( 213 ), the connecting channel ( 211 ) and the pressure accumulator ( 215 ), the operating or storage medium and / or the carrier is fed to the energy converter ( 214 ) and after it has passed through the return channel ( 209 ) fed back to the storage container ( 208 ) or, alternatively, discharged into an external reservoir via the dispensing device ( 224 ),
• - To operate the energy recovery device ( 201 ) with an open or closed circuit of the operating or storage medium and / or the carrier in an optional operating mode by means of the externally controllable switching option of the supply device ( 223 ), the discharge device ( 216 ) and the valve device ( 213 ) is
• - The energy generation device ( 201 ) has a passage device ( 222 ) with a coupling part ( 222 a) which, when networked, sealingly engages in a corresponding coupling part of a further, adjacent energy generation device ( 201 ) of the same type, as well as with a coupling device ( 224 a ) equipped discharge channel ( 224 ).

8. The device according to claim 2 to 5, characterized in that

• - The energy generation device ( 301 ) consists of two centrally intersecting force-transmitting legs ( 305 a, 305 b), to which force-absorbing load-bearing surfaces ( 302 a / 302 b) or position-stabilizing design-identical abutments ( 303 a / 303 b) are assigned at their end points, the pairs ( 302 a / 302 b and 303 a / 303 b) in different levels, spatially one above the other, horizontal to each other and in the upper level ( 302 a / 302 b) the absorption of force and in the lower level ( 303 a / 303 b) serve as a support device or abutment ( 303 a / 303 b),
• - By arranging a hole ( 304 ) in each leg ( 305 a / 305 b) and its rotatable fixed connection - by a double-sided collar bushing ( 304 a) connecting the two legs ( 305 a) and ( 305 b) -, A cross-shaped, double-acting, stable lever system, equipped with scissors-like mobility, is created, which transfers the force input acting on the load-bearing surfaces ( 302 a / 302 b) to the piezoelectric energy converters ( 306 a / 306 b) and, through the lever effect, increases the pressure applied,
• - In each leg ( 305 a / 305 b) there are two horizontally and vertically mirrored, identical recesses ( 307/307 a), which are two-part receiving spaces for the piezoelectric energy converters ( 306 a / 306 b) including their insulating and electrically conductive materials existing cup-shaped surrounds ( 310 a / 310 b / 310 c / 310 d) and the associated electrical leads ( 311 a / 311 b / 311 c / 311 d) are used.

9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that under Use of force-boosting devices (e.g. levers) a larger one Pressurization takes place. 10. The device according to claim 8 and 9, characterized in that the piezoelectric energy converter ( 306 ) at the interfaces ( 312 ) of a supportive, consisting of insulating ( 313 ) and electrically conductive ( 309 ) materials, cup-shaped surround ( 310 ) and the associated electrical leads ( 311 ) are enclosed. 11. The device according to claim 2 to 5, characterized in that

• - The energy generation device ( 406 ) has a vertically displaceable in the upper base body ( 401 ), surrounded by an elastic seal ( 402 ) receiving device - consisting of the load bearing surface ( 404 a) and piston rod ( 403 ) - which in the central blind bore ( 401 a) the upper base body ( 401 ) is guided,
• - A piezoelectric energy converter ( 412 ) is arranged below the piston rod ( 403 ) in an extension of its longitudinal axis in a groove-shaped recess ( 413 ) in the lower base body ( 408 ) and between the blind bore ( 401 a) and the lower boundary surface of the upper base body ( 401 ) a material layer ( 414 ) remains,
• the upper part ( 405 ) of the energy generation device ( 406 ) is provided on its underside facing the piezoelectric energy converter ( 412 ) with an electrically conductive layer ( 409 ) applied in strip form,
• - The remaining material layer ( 414 ) together with the conductive layer ( 409 ) of the upper part ( 405 ) is pressed in an electrically contacting manner on the upper boundary surface of the piezoelectric energy converter ( 412 ) underneath,
• - About the conductive layer ( 409 ) and the transverse to it, the lower boundary surface of the piezoelectric energy converter ( 412 ) on three sides comprising electrically conductive enclosure ( 410 ) - which is in the recess ( 413 ) of the lower body ( 408 ) under the piezoelectric energy converter ( 412 ) - a voltage can be tapped,
• - The energy recovery device ( 406 ) is reset to the starting position by the elastic seal ( 402 ) arranged below the load-bearing surface ( 404 a) and the material layer ( 414 ) remaining below the blind bore ( 401 a),
• - The connection points (z. B. weld points ) ( 407/407 a) serve the fixed connection between the upper part ( 405 ) and the lower base body ( 408 ) and protect the energy recovery device ( 406 ) from moisture and contamination.

12. The apparatus according to claim 2 to 5, characterized in that

• - In the case of an energy-converting surface covering ( 701 ) (“piezoelectric carpet”), in the case of the piezoelectric energy converter ( 705 ) between an upper ( 704 ) and lower conductive layer ( 706 ), which serve as dissipation electrodes, and an upper and lower protective film ( 703 ) are strung together,
• - The arrangement up and down is completed by an upper ( 702 ) or lower layer ( 707 ) equipped with the technical and design properties.

13. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the Energy conversion facility that with the in the distance reduction occurring movement component compared to an essentially fixed reference element is applied using a piezoelectric, magnetostrictive, inductive or capacitive Energy converter that converts released energy into electrical energy.