DE4409349A1 - Solar engine - Google Patents
Solar engineInfo
- Publication number
- DE4409349A1 DE4409349A1 DE4409349A DE4409349A DE4409349A1 DE 4409349 A1 DE4409349 A1 DE 4409349A1 DE 4409349 A DE4409349 A DE 4409349A DE 4409349 A DE4409349 A DE 4409349A DE 4409349 A1 DE4409349 A1 DE 4409349A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- heat engine
- solar
- engine
- motor according
- heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
- F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
- F03G6/061—Parabolic linear or trough concentrators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
- F01C1/08—Rotary-piston machines or engines of intermeshing engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co- operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
- F01C1/12—Rotary-piston machines or engines of intermeshing engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co- operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
- F01C1/14—Rotary-piston machines or engines of intermeshing engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co- operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons
- F01C1/20—Rotary-piston machines or engines of intermeshing engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co- operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons with dissimilar tooth forms
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
- F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G2254/00—Heat inputs
- F02G2254/30—Heat inputs using solar radiation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Es ist bekannt, daß 1816 R. STIRLING eine Wärmekraft maschine zum Patent angemeldet hat.It is known that 1816 R. STIRLING a thermal power has registered a patent for the machine.
Zur Nutzung der Solarenergie sind u. a. sogenannte Solar motoren entwickelt worden, bei denen eine Wärmekraftmaschine nach dem STIRLING-Hubkolbenprinzip verwendet wurde, die im Brennpunkt eines Hohlspiegels angebracht ist.To use solar energy are u. a. so-called solar engines have been developed in which a heat engine was used according to the STIRLING reciprocating principle, which in Focal point of a concave mirror is attached.
Trotz des 42%igen Wirkungsgrad des Stirlingmotors, erreichte die Anlage nur einen Gesamtwirkungsgrad von etwa 17%, hauptsächlich wegen der Wärmeverluste am "Receiver" und dem relativ geringen Konzentratorwirkungsgrad. (System: Schlaich & Partner).Despite the 42% efficiency of the Stirling engine, achieved the plant only has an overall efficiency of about 17%, mainly because of the heat loss at the "Receiver" and the relatively low concentrator efficiency. (System: Schlaich & Partners).
Vorliegende Erfindung besteht aus einer selbsterfundenen Wärmekraftmaschine, die durch ihre relativ einfache Funktions weise ohne hohen Kostenaufwand sehr langgestreckt gebaut werden kann, so daß die Receiverfläche mit Hilfe eines Parabol spiegels (höherer Konzentratorwirkungsgrad als beim Hohlspiegel) verhältnismäßig groß im Vergleich zu bisherigen Solarmotoren ist, und so ein besserer Gesamtwirkungsgrad erzielt werden kann.The present invention consists of a self-invented Heat engine by its relatively simple function wise built very elongated without high costs can be, so that the receiver surface with the help of a parabolic level (higher concentrator efficiency than with concave mirror) relatively large compared to previous solar motors is, and so a better overall efficiency can be achieved can.
Bei der Verwendung von Hochtemperaturabwärme aus Abgasen bzw. Verbrennungsprozessen zur Erhitzung des Receivers der Wärme kraftmaschine, steht bei dieser Erfindung ebenso eine größere Receiverfläche zur Verfügung.When using high temperature waste heat from exhaust gases or Combustion processes to heat the receiver of the heat engine is also larger in this invention Receiver area available.
Als weiterer Vorteil vorliegender Erfindung ist die verhält nismäßige Einfachheit der Wärmekraftmaschine zu nennen, so daß diese kostengünstiger produziert werden könnte.Another advantage of the present invention is that to name reasonable simplicity of the heat engine, so that this could be produced more cheaply.
Das zuletzt geschriebene bezieht sich insbesondere auch auf den von Jürgen SCHUKEY erfundenen "Alpha-Omega-Motor" (SITA GmbH Hamburg).The last thing written also relates in particular on the "Alpha Omega Motor" invented by Jürgen SCHUKEY (SITA GmbH Hamburg).
Nur die verhältnismäßige Einfachheit des konstruktiven Auf baus der Wärmekraftmaschine ermöglicht die Längsstreckung des Kolbengehäuses und damit deren optimalen Verwendung für einen Parabolspiegel oder anderen Erhitzungsmedien (z. B.: Hochtemperaturabwärme).Only the relative simplicity of the constructive up construction of the heat engine enables longitudinal stretching of the piston housing and thus their optimal use for a parabolic mirror or other heating media (e.g .: High temperature waste heat).
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in den Zeich nungen 1, 2a, b, Anlage 1 dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher beschrieben:An embodiment of the invention is in the drawing 1, 2a, b, Appendix 1 and is shown below described in more detail:
Zeichnung 1 zeigt den Solarmotor insgesamt mit
1. Rinnenbrennspiegel, der Sonne nachführbar
2. Wärmekraftmaschine mit Generator.Drawing 1 shows the solar motor as a whole
Channel gutter mirror, tracking the sun
2. Heat engine with generator.
Es zeigen Zeichnung 2a und b:
insgesamt die Wärmekraftmaschine im Querschnitt (2a)
und im Längsschnitt von A nach B (2b), im Einzelnen:Drawing 2a and b show:
total of the heat engine in cross-section (2 a) and in a longitudinal section from A to B (2b), namely:
BezugszeichenlisteReference list
1 linke Achse
2 rechte Achse
3 linker Rotor
4 rechter Rotor
5 Motorgehäuse
6 Verdichtungsraum
7 Verdampfungsraum
8 länglicher Zahn (Kolbenplatte 1)
9 Längliche Nut (Aufnehmer für 8)
10 länglicher 2. Zahn (Kolbenplatte 2)
11 längliche Nut (Aufnehmer für 10)
13 Luftkühlungsöffnungen durch die hohlen Achsen
14 Wasserkühlsystem
15 Wasserkühler
16 Dichtungsbolzen
17 Dichtungsbolzen auf den Kolbenplatten
18 Kühlwasserpumpe
19 Ventilator für den Wasserkühler
20 Luftkühlungssystem mit Ventilator
21 Kugellager
22 Verbindung zwischen linkem und rechtem Rotor über Zahnräder
23 Überleitungsrohre von 6 nach 7, gleichzeitig Receiver
24 Überleitungsrohre wie 23, gleichzeitig Kühlrohre
25 Regenerator ("Wärmeschwamm"). 1 left axis
2 right axis
3 left rotor
4 right rotor
5 motor housing
6 compression room
7 evaporation chamber
8 elongated tooth (piston plate 1 )
9 Elongated groove (sensor for 8 )
10 elongated 2nd tooth (piston plate 2 )
11 elongated groove (sensor for 10 )
13 air cooling openings through the hollow axes
14 water cooling system
15 water coolers
16 sealing bolts
17 sealing bolts on the piston plates
18 Cooling water pump
19 Fan for the water cooler
20 Air cooling system with fan
21 ball bearings
22 Connection between left and right rotor via gear wheels
23 transfer pipes from 6 to 7 , at the same time receiver
24 transfer pipes like 23 , at the same time cooling pipes
25 regenerator ("heat sponge").
In Zeichnung 2a und 2b stellen 1 und 2 die hohlen Achsen zweier Röhrenförmiger Rotoren (3, 4) dar, die in einem läng lichen Motorgehäuse (5) drehen. Beide sind außerhalb des Motorgehäuses über Zahnräder (22) miteinander verbunden, so daß sie im Gleichtakt laufen.In drawings 2a and 2b, 1 and 2 represent the hollow axes of two tubular rotors ( 3 , 4 ) which rotate in an elongated motor housing ( 5 ). Both are connected to each other outside the motor housing via gear wheels ( 22 ) so that they run in unison.
Der rechte Rotor ist der eigentlichen Arbeitskolben (4). Das Motorgehäuse hat auf der rechten Seite einen größeren Wandabstand zum Rotor als links, so daß dort ein sog. Ver dichtungsraum (6) und ein Verdampfungsraum (7) entstand. Durch diese Räume laufen die Kolbenplatten 8 und 10, die, mit ihren Dichtungsschienen auf ihren Spitzen (17), die Verdichtungs- und Verdampfungsräume gasdicht hinter und vor sich abschließen.The right rotor is the actual working piston ( 4 ). The motor housing has a larger wall distance to the rotor on the right side than on the left, so that there is a so-called Ver compression space ( 6 ) and an evaporation space ( 7 ). The piston plates 8 and 10 run through these spaces and, with their sealing rails on their tips ( 17 ), seal the compression and evaporation spaces gas-tight behind and in front of them.
Der linke Rotor (3) dient, mit seinen längsseits eingefrästen Kerben (9, 11), als Aufnehmer für die Kolbenplatten (8, 10). Der linke Rotor ist an dessen Eintrittsstellen zum Verdich tungs- und Verdampfungsraum, entlang dem Motorgehäuse, mit Dichtungsschienen (16) bestückt, die dort möglichen Gasfluß vermeiden.The left rotor ( 3 ), with its notches ( 9 , 11 ) milled in on the long side, serves as a receiver for the piston plates ( 8 , 10 ). The left rotor is at its entry points to the compression and evaporation chamber, along the motor housing, equipped with sealing rails ( 16 ), which avoid possible gas flow there.
In den Verdichtungs- und Verdampfungsräumen befindet sich
eine niedrigsiedende Flüssigkeit bzw. andere Gase.
Die Funktionsweise des Motors sei im folgenden anhand des
Umlaufs der beiden Kolbenplatten beschrieben:
Die eine Kolbenplatte (8) tritt, nachdem sie im Verdichtungs
raum (6) die Nut (9) verlassen hat, in den Verdampfungsraum ein,
in den durch die Receiverrohre (23) und dem Regenerator (25)
sofort unter Druck heiße Luft eintritt, da gleichzeitig die
gegenüberliegende Kolbenplatte (10) die niedrigsiedende Flüssig
keit durch die Überleitungsrohre (23, 24) und den Regenerator (25)
in den Verdampfungsraum drückt. Der Regenerator (25) ist von
der Kolbenplatte (8) einige Sekundenbruchteile vorher, bei
seinem Weg vom Austritt der Überleitungsrohre (24) zur Nut (9)
aufgeladen worden, dadurch daß sie (8) heißes Gas durch die
Receiverrohre (23) in den Regenerator gesogen hat.There is a low-boiling liquid or other gases in the compression and evaporation rooms. The functioning of the engine is described below using the rotation of the two piston plates:
One piston plate ( 8 ), after it has left the groove ( 9 ) in the compression chamber ( 6 ), enters the evaporation chamber, into which hot air enters immediately through the receiver tubes ( 23 ) and the regenerator ( 25 ) under pressure, since at the same time the opposite piston plate ( 10 ) presses the low-boiling liquid through the transfer pipes ( 23 , 24 ) and the regenerator ( 25 ) into the evaporation chamber. The regenerator ( 25 ) has been charged from the piston plate ( 8 ) a few seconds before, on its way from the outlet of the transfer pipes ( 24 ) to the groove ( 9 ), in that they ( 8 ) hot gas through the receiver pipes ( 23 ) into the Regenerator has sucked.
Nach dieser Stellung der Rotoren wird durch die Kolbenplatte 10 die niedrigsiedende Flüssigkeit im Verdichtungsraum verdichtet und in die Überleitungsrohre hineingedrückt. In dem Augen blick, wo dann die Kolbenplatte 8, wie oben beschrieben, an der Eintrittsöffnung der Receiverrohre (23) vorbeigelaufen ist, strömt die verdichtete, im Regenerator und im Receiver erhitzte, dadurch unter hohem Druck stehende Flüssigkeit (hier gasförmig) auf die Kolbenplatte 8 und treibt diese voran (Arbeitsphase), derweil gleichzeitig die gegenüber liegende Kolbenplatte (10) das Gas wieder zu verdichten beginnt.After this position of the rotors, the low-boiling liquid in the compression chamber is compressed by the piston plate 10 and pressed into the transfer pipes. At a glance, where the piston plate 8 , as described above, has passed the inlet opening of the receiver tubes ( 23 ), the compressed liquid, which is heated in the regenerator and in the receiver and is therefore under high pressure (here gaseous), flows onto the piston plate 8 and drives it forward (work phase), meanwhile the opposite piston plate ( 10 ) begins to compress the gas again.
Im folgenden wird der eben beschriebene Vorgang am sog. Stirling Prozeß (Quelle: M. Werdich "Stirling Maschinen" Ökobuch-Verlag, Freiburg 1992 S. 25) erklärt:In the following, the process just described on the so-called Stirling process (Source: M. Werdich "Stirling machines" Ökobuch-Verlag, Freiburg 1992 p. 25) explains:
"Zustandsänderungen":"State changes":
- 1. . .2)"Isotherme Kompression": bei der Stellung der Kolben platte 10, wie auf Zeichnung 2a (Anlage 1) dargestellt, wird diese Kolbenplatte in den gekühlten (Tmin.) Raum 6 ge sogen, bei gleichzeitiger Kühlung der Überleitungsrohre.1. . .2) "Isothermal compression": in the position of the piston plate 10 , as shown in drawing 2a (Appendix 1), this piston plate is so-called ge in the cooled (T min. ) Room 6 , while cooling the transfer pipes.
- 2. . .3) Eine "isochore innere Wärmezufuhr vom Regenerator" tritt ein, wenn Kolbenplatte 8, vor dem Eintauchen in die Nut 9, bei dem gerade herrschenden Unterdruck in Raum 6, die Hitze vom Receiver in den Regenerator saugt und kurz danach diese Hitze wieder über die Receiverrohre in den Expansions-bzw. Verdampfungsraum zurückgeleitet wird.2.. .3) An "isochoric internal heat supply from the regenerator" occurs when the piston plate 8 , before immersing in the groove 9 , with the negative pressure prevailing in room 6 , sucks the heat from the receiver into the regenerator and shortly afterwards this heat again the receiver tubes in the expansion or. Evaporation space is returned.
- 3. . .4) Eine "isotherme Expansion" tritt danach beim Passieren von Kolbenplatte 8 der Einmündungen der Receiverrohre (23) ein, weil gleichzeitig dann Kolbenplatte 10 einen Druck im Verdichtungsraum bewirkt, der dann J um ein vielfaches potenziert (durch die Wärmezufuhr von außen (Sonne)), in den Verdampfungs- bzw. Expansionsraum (7) strömt, und da durch Arbeit verrichtet.3.. .4) An "isothermal expansion" then occurs when piston plate 8 passes through the mouths of the receiver tubes ( 23 ), because at the same time piston plate 10 then causes a pressure in the compression space, which then potentiates J many times (by the supply of heat from the outside (sun )), flows into the evaporation or expansion space ( 7 ), and is done by work.
- 4. . .1) Eine "isochore innere Wärmeabfuhr" findet fast gleich zeitig auf der Unterseite der Wärmekraftmaschine statt, in der die niedrigsiedende Flüssigkeit durch die Kolbenplatte 10 verdichtet und in den Überleitungsrohren abgekühlt wird.4.. .1) An "isochoric internal heat dissipation" takes place almost simultaneously on the underside of the heat engine, in which the low-boiling liquid is compressed by the piston plate 10 and cooled in the transfer pipes.
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4409349A DE4409349A1 (en) | 1993-03-19 | 1994-03-18 | Solar engine |
AU62817/94A AU6281794A (en) | 1993-03-19 | 1994-03-18 | Solar motor |
PCT/DE1994/000299 WO1994021917A2 (en) | 1993-03-19 | 1994-03-18 | Solar motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4308829A DE4308829A1 (en) | 1993-03-19 | 1993-03-19 | Solar-powered motor - has two rotating tubes within barrel housing, and airgap of one tube divided into compression and expansion chambers |
DE4409349A DE4409349A1 (en) | 1993-03-19 | 1994-03-18 | Solar engine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE4409349A1 true DE4409349A1 (en) | 1994-09-01 |
Family
ID=25924107
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE4409349A Ceased DE4409349A1 (en) | 1993-03-19 | 1994-03-18 | Solar engine |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE4409349A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111022272A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-17 | 义乌初晨新能源科技有限公司 | Novel solar generator |
-
1994
- 1994-03-18 DE DE4409349A patent/DE4409349A1/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111022272A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-17 | 义乌初晨新能源科技有限公司 | Novel solar generator |
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Ref country code: DE Ref document number: 4308829 Format of ref document f/p: P |
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OAV | Publication of unexamined application with consent of applicant | ||
8122 | Nonbinding interest in granting licences declared | ||
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Owner name: SCHAPER, RUDOLF, 24631 LANGWEDEL, DE |
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