DE435618C - Process for the production of artificial teeth from porcelain using molding boxes - Google Patents

Description

Process for the production of artificial teeth from porcelain by means of Molding boxes. The invention relates to a method for producing artificial teeth made of porcelain by means of molding boxes, namely in a known manner the color of the Teeth, especially on their lip or mouth part, look more natural and get greater evenness; the invention offers the guarantee that with the same Substance property the coloring will always remain the same in teeth that are made with the same Molds are made.

So far it has been more artificial when inserting porcelain for the purpose of manufacturing Teeth common to use a two-part mold, one part of which is an indentation corresponding to the lip or mouth part of the tooth, while the other had one Had recess according to its tongue part. In the former forms, the the fabric that produces porcelain. Formation of the light-colored enamel on the Cutting and lip (or mouth) parts of the tooth by hand more or less accurate and irregularly inserted, in the case of the last-mentioned molded parts, the rear ones were or main fabrics that were usually darker and off. those of the tongue part of the Tooth and in some cases the neck end of the lip or mouth part of the tooth is inserted by hand in a similar manner. The moldings were then pressed together, to bring enamel and main porcelain fabric into close connection with one another, and to jointly fill the entire interdental space and the inlay of the tooth to be completed temporarily until it is biscuited and finally glazed in porcelain became. In operations like this, dexterity is the decisive factor is to ensure the exact fit and the correct position of the enamel and the insert body to achieve, large irregularities will necessarily arise and which As a result, teeth become differently colored on the lips or mouth surfaces exhibit. The invention is intended to remedy these disadvantages. All teeth should match exactly, both in terms of design and color.

The method for carrying out the invention is assumed as follows that a two-part mold of an ordinary nature as the main means of producing the final External shape of the tooth is used, so according to the invention, inter alia. also a third insert part provided, which is specially designed to be more or less to fit in the recess of one of the parts of the two-part mold or to adhere to it to lean on. This third part shows where it is used, opposite the The color of the porcelain takes on a different color. Then the third part of the mission, after the feed is dried or undried, removed and the Final tooth shape completed by inserting it into the other part of the two-part mold. This has to fill in the cavity of the tooth within the two-part Use necessary porcelain a different color.

The invention is further characterized by the special training of the third hatchet so that it either with the tongue recess of the one Molding or with the lip or mouth recess of the other part 'in the preliminary filling operation cooperates at will. However, it is useful that the third insert part is given such a shape that it with the part of the two-part Form piece, which fills the tongue part of the tooth, cooperates.

If the tooth is filled in the manner described, it will conditional to two specific fill operations. One is that you have a certain Amount and porcelain fabric of a dye insert and thus part of the finished Tooth, while the other a certain amount and shape of porcelain .A different coloring is inserted to match the shape of the tooth to to complete. Here are certain mutual shapes as well as light and dark Staining of the porcelain secured and the teeth in the same filling structures are manufactured and finally glazed, will always remain the same in appearance and their coloring will be effective as long as the mutual determinate coloring of the two substances is retained.

In the drawing, the subject matter is in one embodiment for example illustrated. It represents: Fig. I the view of a two-part Shape, partly in section, according to the method according to the invention, Fig. 2 a (juersc-linitt according to line 2-2 of Fig. i.

Fig.; and 3a are cross-sections of the mold parts alternately shown in FIG Connection with one or the other piece of the zw; part, in Fig. i and 2 signed Firm can be used.

Figs. 4. and 1a show, on an enlarged scale, the use of the in Fig.; and 3a, each with a corresponding one Molded parts of Fig.2.

Figures 5 and 5a show enlarged representations of parts of the corresponding Shaped pieces of Fig.2 with porcelain. Furthermore, Fig.6 is a longitudinal section through a artificial tooth, fig.; a cross-section along the line - 7 of Fig. 6, Fig. 8: perspective representation of a flexible porcelain strip, which is connected should be brewed finitely with the inserts or cubes in Fig. 4. and 4.a, Fig.9 a representation of the insert shown in Fig: 5 with removable parts, which when used the properties of the in Fig.; and in the upper part of Fig..l the molding shown, -Fig. io is a perspective view of the one shown in Figure 9, removable molded part, Fig. 11 a modification of the molded part shown in Fig. 9.

2 and,; are parts of a common two-part shape like her I) is already used in the manufacture of artificial teeth, for example. In general Part 2 has several indentations .1 that represent the tongue part of the tooth that is to be filled should correspond to; Insert part 3 has a number of recesses in a similar manner 8, which are suitable for filling the lip or mouth side of the artificial teeth. These mold parts 2 and 3 are usually formed to make a plurality of teeth the same To be able to produce time, but that is insignificant compared to the invention. Parts 2 and 3 are aligned by means of pin connection 6, 6a, so there, ß the wells 4 and 8 in their mutual position to one another form the tooth spaces and the cutting edges . on the verge of helping to precisely determine the limit of the teeth. Flat surfaces 5, 5a are provided at each end and limit the pressure of the cutting edges around the Shape recess.

The third molding, used in conjunction with one or the other of the ordinary pieces of the z; veitcilige-i form, to complete the first molding process, may have a shape corresponding to part e or part 3 (Fig. 2). If the third mold part is to be used for preliminary molding in connection with part 3, then Fig.3, q. and 5 apply. However, if it is to work together with Part 2, then Fig. 3a, qa and 5a must be taken into account. The first of these cases will be dealt with: an additional molded part iz is intended as a temporary replacement for part 2 and has a corresponding surface with elevations 13 instead of depressions .1: on the other hand, however, the general shape of molded part 12 corresponds to part 2 in that it places which surround the raised parts 13 which establish a connection with the delimiting cutting edges of the depressions 8 in order to achieve an exact cooperation of the molded part 12 with part 3, as indicated in Fig. 4. Part 13 is shaped at its end 15 so that it approaches the neck end of the recess 8 in part I 3, so that very little material can be inserted between these parts. Part 13, on the other hand, as indicated at 14, is lowered or returned towards the cutting edge end in order to create a tapering space between the surface 14 and the cutting edge ends of the recess 8, into which the larger part of the light-colored or enamel material 16 is inserted. Furthermore, there is a shoulder 17 in the cutting ends of the molded part 13, 'which not only indicates the depth for the mold space, but also a suitable thickness of the brightly shimmering porcelain, enamel material at the outer cutting end of the tooth which is to be finally shaped. Characterized in that the enamel material is introduced into the recess 8 in plastic form and the molded parts; and 12 are subjected to sufficient pressure, the exact shaping of the enamel material relative to the molded part 3 is ensured in a certain amount, thickness and point with all teeth that are formed in the same shape. The result is that the excess is squeezed out by the introduction of the porcelain material between the mold parts 3 and 12, so that only the part visible at 16 remains, and the thickness of this material is secured and repeated with each further tooth formation. While the enamel fabric 1 6 is usually inserted by hand, it can also be used in other ways, for example as shown in Fig.8. There a very thin, tapering strip of fabric 2.1 may be used and rolled through cross-sections 27 into rhombus-like parts, each piece having a thick end 25 and a thin end 26 of wedge shape; those wedge-shaped pieces are placed in the tooth spaces 8 and, before the application of the pressure by the mold part 12, bear against the cutting edge. This wedge-shaped piece can consist of flexible material and is of approximately the correct thickness so that the amount that is deposited as a result of the movement of the mold parts 3 and 12 is reduced as much as possible.

After the lighter colored or enamel material 1 6 is inserted in the recess 8 of the. Part 3, it may be dried by heating of the mold parts prior to separation. Molded part 12 is then removed and part 3 with the enamel insert 16 is then ready to receive the main porcelain fabric, which is usually somewhat darker in color. This main fabric is shown in Fig. 5 at ii and is in the recess -. of the molded part 2 by hand. Or used in another suitable manner, preferably in a slightly larger amount against the neck end than against the cutting end.

If molding 2 is provided with the required amount of the main material, it is brought into the effective position on molded part 3 as shown in Fig. Then the Appropriate pressure is applied, the main material i i becomes the entire interdental space between the molded parts 2 and 3, if not already done with the enamel 16 is filled. The excess of the main material is between the molded parts in squeezed out in the usual way.

During this process, the main fabric can be one or more Anchors io attached to pins 9 are placed around the tooth in a known manner equipped with embedded anchors and holes for its guidance, if so desired that the finished tooth will hold itself in place with solid pins. This particular one Providing anchors is not part of the invention, and it should be emphasized that the Pins, instead of using anchors for them, are also inserted directly into porcelain fabric can be without the ordinary, special anchors, just like when pin 9 and Anchors would be a whole and would form the rod in the finished tooth. The tooth can so be free of anchors and pins and have steps or holes of different shapes, that are only in himself.

Once the fabrics are laid in this way, they will through Heating made hard while the two mold parts are pressed together, and Finally, the biscuit tooth (porcelain tooth) is removed from its shape and then has the usual shape as shown in Figs. Here the cutting end 16a has the light enamel material that extends upwards towards the Tongue - like after the lip side extends to the tooth the more or less necessary To give transparency. The tooth body i ia is usually composed of darker fabric, and this extends to or close to the lip or front surface, which lies at the end of the neck. The anchor parts i o are embedded in the main fabric, and the holes 9a are provided for inserting the pins. The bisiscuit tooth can now be vitrified, and it will be at the temperature necessary for conversion of the material in porcelain, while the two porcelain fabrics 16 and i ia melt and mix. In Figures 6 and 7 is the effective mixing not shown exactly at the glazing because these images d, -n bisquit Represent tooth before it is vitrified. They are supposed to be more of mutual arrangement the substances show lighter and darker coloring in the tooth, i.e. before the vitrification, and the invention is particularly directed to this.

Let us now consider the part where the first procedural step in it is consists of forming the main or tongue part of the tooth and the shaped parts in Fig. 3a, 4a and 5a to use. The action in this case is usually the same as described above in connection with the form file of Figs. 3, 4 and 5, and therefore Much does not need to be repeated. Molded part 12a mostly has in its area Depressions instead of elevations above the dividing level. But this deepening i 4.a is smaller than, in the molded part 3, and at the end of the cut protrudes the delimitation of the recess something beyond the plane of division, as indicated at 17a, in order to become something in to extend the recess 4 of the molded part 2 (see. Fig. 4a). As a result, the finished tooth achieved the same result as with part 17 in molded part 12. If the parts 12a and 2 are placed on top of one another as shown in Figure 4a, a mold gap is formed for the main substance i ia of considerable size, and therefore the one used in this way is used Main fabric will retain its shape and position if it is temporarily dried. the end Fig. 4a shows that no fragile or sensitive parts are formed, when the main fabric and tongue side of the tooth are shaped like this. For the better Understanding may be carried out that the surface i 4a of the recess in the molded part 12a approximately or completely with the area i 4 of the molded part 12 of Fig. ¢ coincides, and for this reason the final connection be the same between the tooth parts i ja and 16 (Figs. 6 and 7); the tooth structure, which is achieved as a result of the use of these molded parts in Fig. 3a, q.a and 5a, and the usage application will be exactly the same as the parts of the first described Fig. 3, q. and 5, only that the execution requires less attention, and therefore the use of the parts in Figures 3a, ¢ a and 5a may be preferable. After the main fabric has been appropriately in the molded part 2 by using the Part i2a (Fig. [A) is inserted and dried, part i 2a is removed and part 2 with the biscuit main part i ia used with the molded part 2 after he has received the required enamel material 16 according to Fig. 5a; after pressing and drying, the complete porcelain tooth (Figs. 6 and 7) is obtained. Be it emphasized that in the manufacture of the enamel material 16 is inserted so that as indicated at i 6c in Fig. 7, it extends over almost the entire surface extends. The biscuit tooth is finally glazed.

For the sake of simplicity, the molded part i2 (FIG. 4) may have its protruding parts 13 arranged on a special block 2o when the mold for the enamel material 16 is being produced. This is shown at i 3a (Fig. Ii), and these blocks can then be placed on the molded part 3 and finally part 12d with holes 22 slipped onto these blocks and fixed in the holes 22 by solder or other metal 23, whereby the Solder around the protruding pins 2 i extends upward within the holes of the blocks 20. In this way, the mold 12 can be manufactured with less expense than if all of the various protruding parts 13 had to be molded exactly according to the paragraphs 8 of the part 3. Instead of producing a special or third molded part such as 12 or 12a, which is then used with one of the usual molded parts as a replacement for the other molded part during the preliminary work, namely when molding the light-colored or enamel materials, parts and 3 can be used, depending on As needed, can be used for both, that is, for both the preliminary and the final working method, by equipping the recess 4. with removable blocks i3,1 (Fig.9) which fit tightly to the parts; in this the neck end 1 5 approaches the neck end of the recess 8; and the cutting edge endc i 4c corresponds to the surface 14 of the previously described part 12. In this case, the blocks I , 3d have pins 18 which fit into holes 19 in the part 2. In this case, These holes can then receive the pins 9 for guiding the anchors, as shown in FIG. In this way the blocks 13 may be placed in the parts 2 when the enamel fabric 16 is being molded; Thereafter, the blocks are removed, pins, and anchors inserted, the porcelain pin ii in position accommodated (Fig. 5) and then used in conjunction with part 3, which already contains the light colored fabric 1 5 and thereby the final tooth, as already explained, prepared . One of these removable mold blocks 13d is shown in Fig. Io after it has been removed from part 2, and the dotted line i 4.a indicates the shape of the final tooth. For the purposes of the invention, insofar as they determine the connection between the parts 3 and 1 3 for the preliminary production of the Email part 16 of the tooth, the effective area of the portion 12 does not differ from that of the 9 type illustrated in Fig. And are therefore these, broadly speaking, equivalents, and the same applies to the modification shown in Fig. ii.

What so far with regard to the mold types of Fig. 9 and i i and the cooperation with the molded parts 3 is said to take place in the same way to the corresponding tooth designs, if part 13d is suitable, To form part 3 for cooperation with part e, and it does not seem necessary to to reproduce fig. 9, io and -i i for the further explanation of this statement, especially since the actual designs of the tooth shape recesses are not as Limitations of the invention can be viewed.

While the invention does not affect the composition of the molded Limited to matter, it is nevertheless essentially intended the invention to be used in conjunction with porcelain-producing material, as used in manufacture artificial teeth is used. In general, those solid materials made of rock spar, Kaolin and Sileh exist, excluding the coloring metal oxides. Those fabrics may be used in two parts to get the desired colorations, and they are made in plastic form with a suitable binder, the has the property of contributing to the mineral constituents in their molded shape the formation of the porcelain teeth.

Claims (6)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Process for the production of artificial teeth from porcelain by means of molded cheese, characterized in that first of all, for the purpose of shaping the porcelain material (II, i ja or 16) forming a tooth outer surface (lip or tongue surface), a certain color is reproduced between that surface in its final shape (2 or 3) and a special molded part serving as a preliminary shape, always of the same shape and with a cavity smaller than the volume of the finished tooth, an additional piece (24) made of porcelain is inserted, the excess of which is squeezed out during molding, whereupon after removing that particular one Molded part (12 or i 2a) consisting of porcelain of a different color, the second tooth outer side forming the main body (i ja) of the tooth is created by a further special, that surface in its final shape reproducing form (2) of a known type and then both Tooth parts produced in this way (i ia and 16) correspond by means of their the molds (2, 3) are pressed onto one another in such a way that a complete tooth is obtained, the production of which can be repeated as often as desired in exactly the same shape and color. 2. Procedure according to claim i, characterized in that in the first molding cycle with the special Molded part (i7a) the tongue surface of the main body (i ia) of the tooth to be produced made of porcelain that is correspondingly darker colored to the end of the neck of the tooth body whereupon in the second molding cycle (after removing the special molded part i 2a) the lip surface (16) consisting of somewhat lighter colored material is formed in this way becomes that she pulls off the main body (i ja) in a considerable layer and him overlaps to form the cutting edge of the tooth. 3. The method according to claim i and 2, characterized in that the substance (24) used, which forms the lip surface. (16) and the cutting end (16a) of the tooth, extends in such a wedge-shaped manner, that it is thickest at the cutting edge and gradually i, -h towards the end of the neck The tooth is tapered until it completely disappears. 4. The method according to claim i and 2, characterized in that one in the darker colored 'fabric (i i, i yes) during its shaping and before inserting the lip fabric (241 an anchor (io) is inserted, whereupon the fabric holding the anchor is subjected to two separate pressings in succession will. 5. The method according to claim i, characterized in that the first used Porcelain fabric, while lying in the mold, is heated to dry, whereupon after removing the special molding it is filled with the second interlining material and surrounded by the remaining molded parts that form the two tooth surfaces is, and that then both insert parts together with the contents of a second heating are subjected to the two tooth parts in closed form for union to bring them and to dry them provisionally until they are finally subjected to glazing will. 6. Molding device for carrying out the method according to claim i to j, characterized by one of the two parts of one. known two-part, each provided with a recess mold insert corresponding additional molded part (12 or j 2a), which is able to work together with one of the two known molded parts and has such a shaped surface that one of the surfaces of the finished tooth is formed and part of the tooth body can be produced, which latter has a smaller volume than the finished tooth. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the additional molded part (12 or 12a) has a surface forming the length of the tooth which is smaller than the length of the recess of the associated mold insert part, so that the molded material is at a certain distance from the still to shaping cutting edge of that molded part ends, and a pointed gap (1 6 in Fig. 4) is created to accommodate the porcelain material for the formation of the lip or tongue parts of the tooth. S. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that for the purpose of producing an insert smaller than the complete tooth, the additional molded part consists of a removable mold block which fits adjustably into one of the main molded parts and has a clear cavity which is smaller than the volume of the finished tooth , so that when this block is connected to the associated main molded part, a mold gap is created which is smaller than the space required for molding the entire tooth to be produced between the two main molded parts.