DE4341923A1 - Adsorbent material useful as animal litter - Google Patents
Adsorbent material useful as animal litterInfo
- Publication number
- DE4341923A1 DE4341923A1 DE4341923A DE4341923A DE4341923A1 DE 4341923 A1 DE4341923 A1 DE 4341923A1 DE 4341923 A DE4341923 A DE 4341923A DE 4341923 A DE4341923 A DE 4341923A DE 4341923 A1 DE4341923 A1 DE 4341923A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- adsorbent
- mineral
- pellets
- bentonite
- adsorbent according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229940105329 carboxymethylcellulose Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000370 acceptor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000281 calcium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000280 sodium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 Vapors Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229940092782 bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4] ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940080314 sodium bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000038783 CMC family Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091064538 CMC family Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007931 coated granule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
- C09K17/48—Organic compounds mixed with inorganic active ingredients, e.g. polymerisation catalysts
- C09K17/50—Organic compounds mixed with inorganic active ingredients, e.g. polymerisation catalysts the organic compound being of natural origin, e.g. cellulose derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0154—Litter comprising inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0155—Litter comprising organic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F7/00—Fertilisers from waste water, sewage sludge, sea slime, ooze or similar masses
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/32—Materials not provided for elsewhere for absorbing liquids to remove pollution, e.g. oil, gasoline, fat
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Es ist bereits bekannt, unter Verwendung von Papierschlamm ein als Adsorbens wirkendes Tierstreugranulat herzustellen. Hierbei wird der Papierschlamm mit Bindemitteln wie Fischkleister, Gips usw. sowie mit Desinfektionsmitteln versetzt. Die Granulierung erfolgt unter Zugabe von Bindemitteln bzw. Klebern. Es ist auch bereits bekannt, Papierschlamm mit Soda und Portlandzement zu mischen und anschließend zu trocknen und zu brechen.It is already known to use paper sludge as a To produce adsorbent-acting animal litter granules. Here the Paper sludge with binders such as fish paste, gypsum, etc. and with Disinfectants added. The granulation is carried out with the addition of Binders or adhesives. It is also known to use paper sludge Mix soda and Portland cement and then dry and mix break.
Weiter ist es bereits bekannt, eine Tierstreu herzustellen durch Entwässern, Granulieren und Trocknen einer Suspension aus Papierschlamm mit AL-Silikat und Kalziumcarbonat.Furthermore, it is already known to produce animal litter by dewatering, Granulating and drying a suspension of paper sludge with AL silicate and calcium carbonate.
Auch ist bereits eine Tierstreu bekannt, bestehend aus organischen Fasern wie z. B. den Abfallstoffen der Papierindustrie sowie aus 30-35% Zuschlagstoffen wie Kalk, Gips, Bariumsulfat u.ä., wobei dieses Tierstreu ebenfalls als Granulat erzeugt wird.An animal litter consisting of organic fibers is also already known such as B. the waste from the paper industry and from 30-35% Additives such as lime, gypsum, barium sulfate and the like, this animal litter is also produced as granules.
Diese bekannten Adsorbentien haben verschiedene Nachteile. Die verwendeten Papierabfälle aus den Abwasserströmen haben ein relativ geringes Schüttgewicht (kleiner als 500 g/l) und neigen bei der Trocknung zur Selbstentzündung. Sie weisen einen unangenehmen Geruch nach erneuter Befeuchtung auf. Eine Geruchsadsorption ist sehr schlecht. Dies liegt daran, daß die beschriebenen bekannten Adsorbentien nur eine sehr geringe Adsorptionsfähigkeit für Ammoniak, Schwefelwasserstoff und Mercaptane aufweisen. Darüberhinaus haben die beschriebenen und bekannten Adsorbentien eine zu geringe Wasseraufnahmefähigkeit. Die Wasseraufnahmefähigkeit der bekannten Adsorbentien liegt unterhalb von 120%. Auch sind die bekannten Adsorbentien, nachdem sie ihre Funktion erfüllt haben, schwer aus der Katzentoilette zu entfernen und auszutauschen.These known adsorbents have various disadvantages. The used paper waste from the wastewater streams have a relative low bulk density (less than 500 g / l) and tend to dry out Spontaneous combustion. They have an unpleasant smell of renewed Humidification on. Odor adsorption is very bad. This is because that the known adsorbents described only a very small Adsorbability for ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans exhibit. In addition, the described and known Adsorbents have insufficient water absorption capacity. The Water absorption capacity of the known adsorbents is below 120%. Also, the well-known adsorbents are after they have their function have been difficult to remove and replace from the litter box.
Der Erfindung liegt damit die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein leistungsfähiges Adsorbens, insbesondere für Wasser (Tierexkremente) und Gas, mit höherem Schüttgewicht sowie ein Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung vorzuschlagen, wobei dieses Verfahren die Selbstentzündungsgefahr beim Herstellungsprozeß ausschließt. Weiterhin soll eine vorteilhafte Verwendung eines solchen Adsorbens vorgeschlagen werden.The invention is therefore based on the task of a powerful Adsorbent, especially for water (animal excrement) and gas, with higher Propose bulk density and a process for its production, this method being the risk of self-ignition during the manufacturing process excludes. Furthermore, an advantageous use of such Adsorbent can be proposed.
Diese Aufgabe ist hinsichtlich des Adsorbens gelöst durch ein pelletiertes oder granuliertes Gemisch aus Zellulosefasern und mineralischen Komponenten, welchletzte mindestens 20 Gew.% ausmachen, wobei die Pellets bzw. die Granulatteilchen von einem Natrium- und/oder Kalzium-Bentonit enthaltenden Mineralmehl umhüllt sind.This task is solved with regard to the adsorbent by a pelletized or granulated mixture of cellulose fibers and mineral components, which make up at least 20% by weight, the pellets or the Granules of a sodium and / or calcium bentonite containing Mineral flour are coated.
Ein solches Adsorbens ist außerordentlich aufnahmefähig für Wasser und Gas und entwickelt keinerlei unangenehmen Geruch mehr nach einer Befeuchtung. Während bei den beschriebenen bekannten Adsorbentien das Schüttgewicht überwiegend unter 400 g/l liegt, kann man bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Adsorbens eine Schüttgewicht von 500-700 g/l feststellen. Das erfindungsgemäße Adsorbens klumpt bei Befeuchtung und ist daher nach der Verwendung in Form dieser Klumpen leicht entfernbar und austauschbar.Such an adsorbent is extremely absorbent for water and gas and no longer develops an unpleasant smell after moistening. While in the known adsorbents described the bulk density is predominantly below 400 g / l, you can in the inventive Determine an adsorbent bulk density of 500-700 g / l. The adsorbent according to the invention clumps when moistened and is therefore after Use in the form of these lumps easily removable and replaceable.
Nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgeschlagen, daß dem Mineralmehl bis zu 49 Gew.% Additive wie Binder, Geruchsverbesserer, Farbgeber, Dünger und/oder Akzeptoren zugesetzt sind. Auf diese Art und Weise kann das Adsorbens sehr leicht an ganz spezifische Nutzungsaufgaben angepaßt werden.According to one embodiment of the invention it is proposed that Mineral flour up to 49% by weight additives such as binders, odor improvers, Colorants, fertilizers and / or acceptors are added. This way and In this way, the adsorbent can very easily meet very specific usage tasks be adjusted.
Eine andere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung seht vor, daß die Korngröße der Pellets oder des Granulats weniger als 8 mm beträgt. Eine solche Korngröße des Adsorbens ist besonders geeignet, um das Adsorbens als Filtergranulat oder als Tierstreu zu verwenden. Another embodiment of the invention provides that the grain size of the Pellets or granules is less than 8 mm. Such a grain size The adsorbent is particularly suitable to use the adsorbent as filter granulate or to use as animal litter.
Es ist auch noch nach der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, daß das Bentonit mit feinem Sägemehl und/oder mit Stoffen aus der CMC [Carboxy-Methyl- Cellulose] Familie versetzt ist. Dieses zugesetzte Sägemehl wie auch die Stoffe aus der CMC-Familie dient der Geruchsverbesserung und erhöht die Wasseraufnahmefähigkeit.It is also proposed according to the invention that the bentonite with fine sawdust and / or with substances from the CMC [carboxy-methyl Cellulose] family. This added sawdust as well Fabrics from the CMC family improve odors and increase them Water absorption.
Verfahrensmäßig ist die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß zellulosehaltige Abfälle aus den Abwasserkreisläufen der Papierherstellung so ausgeflockt werden, daß sie mindestens 20 Gew.% mineralische Bestandteile aufweisen, wobei diese Abfälle sodann auf nicht weniger als 10% Restfeuchte getrocknet und zu Pellets oder Granulat verarbeitet und unter Zugabe von Wasser mit einem Natrium- und/oder Kalzium-Bentonit enthaltenden Mineralmehl gemischt und von diesem umhüllt und nachfolgend erneut getrocknet werden. Auch mit diesem Verfahren werden also die Abfallstoffe aus der Papierherstellung weiterverwertet. Auch die in den Abwasserkreisläufen neben den Zellulosefasern enthaltenen mineralischen Bestandteile werden weiterverwertet. Der angegebene Trocknungsgrad vermindert mindestens deutlich die Gefahr der Selbstentzündung während der Trocknung. Die Pelletierung bzw. Granulieren und die Zugabe von Bentonit unter Wasser und die anschließende Trocknung sind einfach durchführbar, so daß das erwünschte Produkt sehr kostengünstig hergestellt werden kann und die erwünschten Eigenschaften aufweist.In terms of method, the object on which the invention is based is as a result solved that cellulose-containing waste from the wastewater cycles of Paper production are flocculated so that they are at least 20% by weight have mineral components, these wastes then not less than 10% residual moisture dried and to pellets or granules processed and with the addition of water with a sodium and / or Mineral flour containing calcium bentonite mixed and encased by this and then dried again. Even with this procedure the waste materials from paper production are then used. Also those contained in the wastewater cycles in addition to the cellulose fibers mineral components are further used. The specified Degree of dryness at least significantly reduces the risk of Autoignition during drying. The pelleting or granulation and the addition of bentonite under water and the subsequent drying are easy to carry out, so that the desired product is very inexpensive can be produced and has the desired properties.
Ergänzend ist nach der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, daß die bei der Herstellung anfallenden Staubanteile oder Feinkornanteile abgetrennt und erneut dem Granulierungsprozeß zugeführt werden. Hierdurch kann eine aufwendige Entsorgung der Staubanteile vermieden werden.In addition, it is proposed according to the invention that in the manufacture accumulating dust or fine grain particles separated and again the Granulation process are fed. This can be a complex Disposal of dust particles can be avoided.
Hinsichtlich der Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Adsorbens wird vorgeschlagen, dieses zur Bodenverbesserung zu verwenden. Das Adsorbens ist wegen der Zellulosefasern mindestens teilweise verrottbar, während die mineralischen Bestandteile eine entsprechende Ergänzung des Bodens bewirken. Es ist aber auch vorgeschlagen, ein erfindungsgemäßes Adsorbens als Zumischkomponente zu jeder beliebigen Tierstreu zu verwenden. Es kann aber auch erfindungsgemäß als reines Tierstreu verwendet werden, da es besonders viel Wasser aufnehmen kann und nach Wasseraufnahme Klumpen bildet. Schließlich ist aber auch noch vorgeschlagen, das erfindungsgemäße Adsorbens als Adsorbens für Gase, Dämpfe, Flüssigkeiten organischer und anorganischer Natur zu verwenden. Es könnte hierzu bspw. in einen entsprechend durchströmten Rohrquerschnitt zwischen zwei Sieben gehalten austauschbar eingebracht werden.With regard to the use of the adsorbent according to the invention proposed to use this for soil improvement. The adsorbent is at least partially rotten due to the cellulose fibers, while the mineral components an appropriate addition to the soil cause. However, it is also proposed to use an adsorbent according to the invention to be used as an additive to any animal litter. It can but can also be used according to the invention as pure animal litter since it can absorb a lot of water and lumps after water absorption forms. Finally, it is also proposed that the invention Adsorbent as adsorbent for gases, vapors, liquids organic and to use inorganic nature. It could, for example, in one Correspondingly flowed pipe cross section held between two sieves can be introduced interchangeably.
Bei der Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Adsorbens muß sichergestellt werden, daß der Anteil von mineralischen Komponenten, wie Kaolin, Gips, Kalziumkarbonat, Smectiten und sonstigen mineralischen Komponenten bei der Ausflockung des Zelluloseanteils aus dem Abwasser von Papierfabriken mindestens 20 Gew. % ausmacht. Dieses so ausgeflockte, zellulosehaltige, nasse Material kann dann in üblicher Weise entwässert werden. Anschließend erfolgt eine Zerkleinerung und Agglomerierung des nassen Filterkuchens in einem Zwangsmischapparat, der dafür sorgt, daß die Partikel nach dem Verlassen dieses Zwangsmischapparates eine mehr oder weniger geordnete Form mit relativ geringer Oberfläche einnehmen. Sodann erfolgt die Trocknung des so zerkleinerten, nassen Filtergutes. Für die Trocknung können Bandöfen oder Bandtrocknungsanlagen oder Trommelöfen verwendet werden. Das zerkleinerte Filtergut darf nach der Trocknung 10% Restfeuchte nicht unterschreiten. Entsprechend muß der Trocknungsprozeß geführt werden. Durch den Mineralanteil von mindestens 20% i. V. von mindestens 10% Feuchte wird sichergestellt, daß keine Selbstentzündung erfolgen kann.In the manufacture of the adsorbent according to the invention must be ensured that the proportion of mineral components such as kaolin, gypsum, Calcium carbonate, smectites and other mineral components flocculation of the cellulose content from the wastewater of paper mills accounts for at least 20% by weight. This flocculated, cellulosic, wet material can then be dewatered in the usual way. Subsequently the wet filter cake is crushed and agglomerated a compulsory mixer that ensures that the particles after the Leave this compulsory mixer a more or less orderly one Take shape with a relatively small surface. The drying then takes place of the crushed, wet filter material. Belt ovens can be used for drying or belt drying systems or drum ovens can be used. The crushed filter material must not have 10% residual moisture after drying fall below. The drying process must be carried out accordingly. Due to the mineral content of at least 20% i. V. of at least 10% Moisture is ensured that no spontaneous combustion can occur.
Das vorgetrocknete Material kann nun bei Bedarf auf eine gewünschte Korngröße weiter zerkleinert werden. So ist z. B. in Hammermühlen eine Zerkleinerung auf Korngrößen von weniger als 3 mm möglich. Das entsprechend teilgetrocknete und zerkleinerte Material kann nun in einem Granuliermischer mit Bentonit umhüllt werden. Es kann hierzu handelsüblicher getrockneter oder naturbelassener Rohbentonit verwendet werden. Bentonit, wie er üblicherweise für die Abdichtung von Deponien verwendet wird, kann auch eingesetzt werden. Es handelt sich hierbei um getrockneten Kalzium- Bentonit. Es kann jedoch auch ein Natrium-Bentonit verwendet werden, wie er als Standardprodukt in den Gießereien als Gießerei-Sandbinder verwendet wird.The pre-dried material can now be changed to a desired one if required Grain size can be further crushed. So z. B. in hammer mills Shredding to grain sizes of less than 3 mm possible. The accordingly partially dried and shredded material can now be in one Granulating mixer to be coated with bentonite. It can be done more commercially dried or natural raw bentonite can be used. Bentonite, as usually used for the sealing of landfills also be used. It is dried calcium Bentonite. However, a sodium bentonite can also be used, such as it is used as a standard product in the foundries as a foundry sand binder becomes.
Bei dem Umhüllungsprozeß muß eine entsprechende Feuchtigkeit durch Zugabe von Wasser eingestellt werden. Wenn erforderlich, z. B. bei Verwendung als Feuchtigkeitsabsorber, wird das umhüllte Granulat auf den erwünschten Feuchtigkeitsgehalt getrocknet. Bei einer Versuchsherstellung, die ein befriedigendes Ergebnis erbracht hat, wurden ca. 50 Gew.% des zellulosehaltigen Granulats verwendet. Der Rest bis 100% bestand aus Natrium- bzw. Kalzium-Bentonit, der zur Geruchsverbesserung mit feinstem Sägemehl versetzt werden kann. Ca. 2 kg der Gesamtmischung wurden mit ca. 650 ml Wasser versetzt und ca. 40 Sek. lang granuliert. Das gewonnene Granulat wurde getrocknet und gesiebt. Hierbei wurden ca. 90% der Gesamtmenge in der Korngröße von 1-6 mm gefunden. Hierbei wurde das Feinkorn abgesiebt und erneut der Granulation zugeführt. Eine anschließende Trocknung wurde bei Temperaturen bis zu 500°C durchgeführt, hierbei wurde darauf geachtet, daß die Abgastemperaturen 130°C nicht übersteigen.Appropriate moisture must be present in the wrapping process Addition of water can be adjusted. If necessary, e.g. B. at Use as a moisture absorber, the coated granules on the Desired moisture content dried. When making a trial, which has given a satisfactory result, approx. 50% by weight of the cellulosic granules used. The rest consisted of up to 100% Sodium or calcium bentonite, which is used to improve the smell with the finest Sawdust can be added. Approx. 2 kg of the total mixture were mixed with About 650 ml of water are added and granulated for about 40 seconds. The won Granules were dried and sieved. Here, about 90% of the Total amount found in the grain size of 1-6 mm. Here was the Fine grain sieved and again fed to the granulation. A subsequent one Drying was carried out at temperatures up to 500 ° C ensure that the exhaust gas temperatures do not exceed 130 ° C.
Das auf diese Art und Weise erhaltene Granulat wies eine durchschnittliche Feuchte als Endfeuchte von weniger als 8% auf. Die Wasseraufnahme betrug im Falle des Natrium-Bentonits 223% und im Falle des Kalzium-Bentonits 140%. Nach dem Befeuchten mit Wasser gab das Granulat einen angenehmen Geruch ab und bildete die gewünschten Klumpen. Das Schüttgewicht lag bei 500-700 g/l.The granules obtained in this way had an average Moisture as the final moisture of less than 8%. The water absorption was 223% in the case of sodium bentonite and in the case of calcium bentonite 140%. After moistening with water, the granules gave one pleasant smell and formed the desired lumps. The Bulk weight was 500-700 g / l.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4341923A DE4341923A1 (en) | 1993-12-09 | 1993-12-09 | Adsorbent material useful as animal litter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4341923A DE4341923A1 (en) | 1993-12-09 | 1993-12-09 | Adsorbent material useful as animal litter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE4341923A1 true DE4341923A1 (en) | 1995-06-14 |
Family
ID=6504522
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4341923A Withdrawn DE4341923A1 (en) | 1993-12-09 | 1993-12-09 | Adsorbent material useful as animal litter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE4341923A1 (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1998026650A1 (en) * | 1996-12-19 | 1998-06-25 | Süd-Chemie AG | Method for producing sorbents on the basis of a cellulose-containing material and clay minerals |
| WO1998058532A1 (en) * | 1997-06-23 | 1998-12-30 | Herbst Juergen | Materials containing paper and clay substances and method for producing the same |
| FR2790912A1 (en) * | 1999-03-19 | 2000-09-22 | Million Co Ltd | MATERIAL FOR PROCESSING BODILY WASTE FROM PETS |
| EP1092346A1 (en) | 1999-10-12 | 2001-04-18 | RETEC Recycling, Entwicklungs- und Technologiegesellschaft mbH | Lightweight, clumping small animal litter and process process for the preparation |
| DE102006036916A1 (en) * | 2006-08-04 | 2008-02-07 | Ibu-Tec Gmbh & Co. Kg | Core used e.g. as a support granulate in crude oil and natural gas recovery comprises a raw material mixture consisting of a paper slurry and a further material containing oxygen compounds |
| CN103449586A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2013-12-18 | 合肥市东方美捷分子材料技术有限公司 | Fiber base modified non-metallic mineral soil flocculant |
| DE102016107485A1 (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2017-10-26 | Poromembrane Gmbh | Water treatment device |
| CN109824427A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-31 | 兰州大学 | A kind of Slow-release organic fertilizer improving heavy metal pollution of soil |
| CN109824426A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-31 | 兰州大学 | A kind of slow release fertilizer improving heavy metal pollution of soil |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3816225A1 (en) * | 1988-05-11 | 1989-11-23 | Strabit Werke Gmbh | Odour- and moisture-binding litter and process for its production |
| EP0378421A1 (en) * | 1989-01-13 | 1990-07-18 | Amcol International Corporation | Animal dross absorbent and method |
| DE4028933A1 (en) * | 1990-09-12 | 1992-03-19 | Guenter Warnke | Prodn. of substance for absorbing liq., esp. animal excreta - by comminuting cellulose@ material and mixing with ground clay |
-
1993
- 1993-12-09 DE DE4341923A patent/DE4341923A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3816225A1 (en) * | 1988-05-11 | 1989-11-23 | Strabit Werke Gmbh | Odour- and moisture-binding litter and process for its production |
| EP0378421A1 (en) * | 1989-01-13 | 1990-07-18 | Amcol International Corporation | Animal dross absorbent and method |
| DE4028933A1 (en) * | 1990-09-12 | 1992-03-19 | Guenter Warnke | Prodn. of substance for absorbing liq., esp. animal excreta - by comminuting cellulose@ material and mixing with ground clay |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6294118B1 (en) | 1996-12-19 | 2001-09-25 | Sud-Chemie Ag | Method for producing sorbents on the basis of a cellulose-containing material and clay minerals |
| WO1998026650A1 (en) * | 1996-12-19 | 1998-06-25 | Süd-Chemie AG | Method for producing sorbents on the basis of a cellulose-containing material and clay minerals |
| WO1998058532A1 (en) * | 1997-06-23 | 1998-12-30 | Herbst Juergen | Materials containing paper and clay substances and method for producing the same |
| GB2349558B (en) * | 1999-03-19 | 2003-07-23 | Million Co Ltd | Material for use in handling animal body waste |
| GB2349558A (en) * | 1999-03-19 | 2000-11-08 | Million Co Ltd | Pet animal body waste handling material |
| FR2790912A1 (en) * | 1999-03-19 | 2000-09-22 | Million Co Ltd | MATERIAL FOR PROCESSING BODILY WASTE FROM PETS |
| EP1092346A1 (en) | 1999-10-12 | 2001-04-18 | RETEC Recycling, Entwicklungs- und Technologiegesellschaft mbH | Lightweight, clumping small animal litter and process process for the preparation |
| DE102006036916A1 (en) * | 2006-08-04 | 2008-02-07 | Ibu-Tec Gmbh & Co. Kg | Core used e.g. as a support granulate in crude oil and natural gas recovery comprises a raw material mixture consisting of a paper slurry and a further material containing oxygen compounds |
| DE102006036916B4 (en) * | 2006-08-04 | 2010-02-18 | Ibu-Tec Advanced Materials Ag | Spherical structure in the form of a thermally treated granule or thermally treated extrudate, its use and process for its preparation |
| CN103449586A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2013-12-18 | 合肥市东方美捷分子材料技术有限公司 | Fiber base modified non-metallic mineral soil flocculant |
| CN103449586B (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2015-07-15 | 合肥市东方美捷分子材料技术有限公司 | Fiber base modified non-metallic mineral soil flocculant |
| DE102016107485A1 (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2017-10-26 | Poromembrane Gmbh | Water treatment device |
| CN109824427A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-31 | 兰州大学 | A kind of Slow-release organic fertilizer improving heavy metal pollution of soil |
| CN109824426A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-31 | 兰州大学 | A kind of slow release fertilizer improving heavy metal pollution of soil |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| DE102009045278B4 (en) | Mineral granular desulphurising agent based on calcium hydroxide, process for its preparation and its use | |
| EP0961542B1 (en) | Method for producing sorbents on the basis of a cellulose-containing material and clay minerals | |
| EP0044574B2 (en) | Use of calcium silicate in granular or powder form for hydrophilic absorption or adsorption | |
| DE102007006137A1 (en) | Mixed product | |
| DE3808187A1 (en) | METHOD FOR PRODUCING GRANULES USED AS CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS FROM WASTE | |
| WO1995013134A1 (en) | Process for the production of bentonite-based sorbents for the absorption of liquids | |
| DE4341923A1 (en) | Adsorbent material useful as animal litter | |
| EP0109506A1 (en) | Fly ashes in storable form and production process | |
| DD283342A5 (en) | METHOD FOR FORMING WASTE INTO A MATERIAL IN THE FORM OF KUEGELCHEN | |
| DE4028933C2 (en) | ||
| EP0604861B1 (en) | Process for the preparation of an absorbent based on smectite for retaining fluids | |
| DE19843887B4 (en) | Hygienic granules and process for their production | |
| DE3816225A1 (en) | Odour- and moisture-binding litter and process for its production | |
| EP1588759A2 (en) | Method of producing pet litter | |
| EP0271628B1 (en) | Process for the production of an upgraded product from sewage sludge | |
| DE69719733T2 (en) | Process for the production of absorbent materials | |
| EP0392444A1 (en) | Animal litter | |
| DE2247610C2 (en) | Process for granulating raw materials unwilling to granulate | |
| DE19506249C1 (en) | Processing damp, fibrous residues from mfr. of cellulose or paper | |
| EP0054754A2 (en) | Method of separating plastics materials from waste mixtures | |
| AT347362B (en) | AGENTS BASED ON CELLULOSE OR WOOD FIBERS FOR THE ABSORPTION AND / OR BINDING OF IN PARTICULAR ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS LIQUIDS AND PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING THE AGENT | |
| DE19708907C1 (en) | Processing organic material-contaminated gypsum waste | |
| DE4334900A1 (en) | Process for treating and utilising biomasses and biogenic sludges, in particular sewage sludges | |
| DE69902288T2 (en) | METHOD FOR PRODUCING AGGREGATES OF BY-PRODUCTS OF CARBON COMBUSTION | |
| DE19742977A1 (en) | Process to dry sewage sludge surrenders heated wet sludge to rotating |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OP8 | Request for examination as to paragraph 44 patent law | ||
| 8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |