DE432559C - Steam generator - Google Patents

Description

Steam generator. The newer steam generators have a greater capacity than the previous ones, but still do not offer sufficient security against Overheating damage and scale build-up.

So z. B. with rotating steam generators the engine suddenly fail and - before countermeasures become effective "- a harmful one: denting or Burst pipes; scale build-up can also be observed in spite of the rotation of the pipes do not prevent, so the performance is reduced and the operation becomes more expensive.

Furthermore, the so-called high-speed steam generators, which consist of coiled pipes, remain into which water is injected and evaporated and the steering discs perforated inside o. The like. To rotate the generated steam, there is a risk that this pipe cooling fails during heavy use and the pipes overheat.

These deficiencies can be eliminated in that, for. B. about that Evaporation tube pulled a second tube at a distance from the first and the resulting one The space is filled with a heat-transferring heating fluid.

However, this indirect heating will cause the In addition to the heating fluid, heat must also pass through two pipe walls, thus the heat transfer is hindered more than usual and the thermal The performance of the heat exchanger is reduced.

For this reason, the previous indirect steam generator neither were able to enforce and, above all, are not suitable for those in today’s in many cases to enable the required Schnelldampferzeubning.

In the present invention, a new method of steam generation is used indicated, which consists in the fact that the steam generator filled with a heating fluid is heated, whereupon the liquid to be evaporated into the highly heated heating liquid injected and evaporated through direct contact with the heating fluid will.

In this way, the thermal effect of the indirect steam generator Significantly improved, once because the double wall passage for the heat is no longer necessary and because the steam produced in the heating fluid is cooled less than if it arises in the empty pipe and still takes care of pipe cooling.

In the present invention, the heating fluid takes over at the same time the pipe cooling and prevents overheating of the steam generator in a safe way and the setting of scale.

In the new process, the liquid to be evaporated can either directly in or over the heated heating fluid or by a suitable one Device, such as nozzle or the like. Be injected.

It has an impact on the efficiency of the steam generator how big the margin between the boiling point of the heating fluid and that of the Evaporation is and whether the two liquids in a physical sense with each other are mixable or not.

The drawing shows three exemplary embodiments of the subject matter of the invention shown schematically: Fig. i and 2 show the example of a: stationary steam generator in section and floor plan.

The boiler a is filled to 1-I with a heating fluid that can circulate through the attached serpent b.

In the vessel a is immersed to introduce the liquid to be evaporated a perforated tube c, (read connected to the preheating register d and is fed from the supply pipe e.

The pipe f connected to the upper part of the boiler conducts the inside the boiler resulting steam to the collector and separator g, to which the steam extraction nozzle h connected with gate valve.

The furnace consists here, for example, of a tubular ring i for gaseous or liquid fuel mounted in the housing k under the boiler a. The housing k has an exhaust pipe l at the top with a throttle valve h for conveying the exhaust gases and on the sides two secondary chambers kl and k ″ which serve as preheating spaces for combustion air and evaporation material.

The chamber k, has a tube in with a throttle valve for admitting Combustion air is located between the housing k and the secondary chambers k, k2 adjustable connecting flaps n1, n_.

The process of steam generation takes place as follows: The hot gases from the furnace i wash around the boiler a and heat the one contained in it Heating fluid to a temperature that is higher than the boiling point of the evaporated material.

Then the slide on the inlet pipe e is opened, the evaporated material injected into the heated heating fluid and evaporated in this way immediately. The slide at e has a fine adjustment and can also be operated with an automatic Device are provided that the amount of continuously to be introduced evaporation with the progress of evaporation (possibly with the help of an expansion tank) regulates and thereby ensures sufficient operational elasticity.

The steam collects in the upper part of the boiler a, passes through Pipe f to collector and separator g, from where it is cleaned and possibly overheated Tube h can be removed.

The boiling point of the heating fluid increases when the boiler pressure rises go up in the same amount, so (let during operation with increasing pressure the furnace temperature at i is also increased and the specific power of the steam generator is increased can be increased.

By slide bi can also the circulation of the heating fluid in the Snake b - its speed in relation to furnace temperature and Steam development is fixed - can be regulated.

The combustion air enters the secondary chamber k1 through the pipe a, is preheated and reached by the circulation coil b attached here through connecting flap n., into the housing k to the furnace i.

The heating gases continue to be used by diverting them into the secondary chamber k. = for the purpose of preheating the vaporized material and heating the steam in the collector g,, where Flap; z, can regulate this process or switch it off.

Fig. 3 and 4 show in section and green crack the Execution of a high-speed steam generator, which is mainly for small requirements and to serve as a power source for vehicles. The principle is the same as with the system of Fig. i and 2 in so far that also here the evaporated material in the heated Heating fluid is sprayed and thus evaporated.

For example, the steam goes into a turbine t and the condensate. back to the boiler a_, so that a constant cycle is going on.

A substance with a low boiling point is expediently used as the evaporative material and the heating fluid chosen has a correspondingly higher boiling point; Both liquids may contain an additive to protect them against freezing.

In this example, steam is generated in two boilers Number can be increased accordingly if there is a greater need for steam.

In detail: a - boiler, b - circulation snake, b, - Control valve, c = perforated immersion pipe for the evaporated material, d - sludge trap, f - steam pipe, g - steam collector and separator, la - steam extraction, 711 - condensation line, i -. Firing, k - boiler housing, k1, k. = - secondary chambers, m = air inlet, e, - Refill pipe for evaporation, 1, - exhaust pipe for heating purposes.

The mode of operation of the steam generator is as shown in Fig. I and 2 what has been said is easily understandable.

In the example of the two sectional drawings (Fig. 5 and 6), the evaporated material sprayed over the heated heating fluid and evaporated. Further are the boilers here rotatably arranged, whereby the strong position of the furnace evenly and constantly distributed over the entire boiler surface and thus a greater specific one Performance is achieved. The heating fluid in the boiler is also against the wall pressed and overheating and scale deposits must be prevented.

It means: a -to I-I rotating filled with a heating fluid Kettle, b - Kettle axes of rotation consisting of conical, perforated tubes, c - inlet for evaporation material, cl - sludge trap, d - steam outlet, - rotating stuffing boxes, f - steam separator, - steam collector, h - gearbox for rotating the boiler, i - grate, k - heating gas chambers for preheating the evaporated material and heating the steam, d - space for preheating the combustion air.

In the case of the pipes b, partitions b are used, the remainder of the tube b. = serves to absorb the resulting steam.

The operation of the steam generator takes place in such a way that first the boiler rotated and heated until the heating fluid has reached a certain temperature has reached. Then the evaporating liquid is introduced from c through the tubes b, the heating fluid that is pressed against the heated and pressed against the boiler walls splashes and vaporizes.

Claims (3)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Steam generator, identified by a with a heating fluid-filled, heated container o. The like. In which the to be evaporated Liquid is introduced so as to do so by direct contact with the heating liquid to be vaporized. 2. Steam generator according to claim i, characterized in that the liquid to be evaporated by means of a nozzle or the like in or over the heating liquid is introduced. 3. Steam generator according to claims i and 2, characterized in that that the container filled with a heating fluid rotates over the furnace, whereby the heating fluid is pressed against the container wall. Steam generator according to claims i to 3, characterized in that the heating fluid is under excess pressure is brought to raise the preheating temperature of the heating fluid and a To be able to use evaporation material with a higher boiling point.