DE4324897A1 - Efficient recovery of glass from mixed scrap - Google Patents

Abstract

Glass is recovered completely from scrap bottles, casks, glasses, sheets etc. by cleaning, removal of foreign matter, disintegration and heating. After the foreign matter has been removed the scrap is broken up without separation into colours or other divisions; together with any solvents or other additives it is then fused at 800-1,000 deg.C and the melt is converted into fibres; while still warm the fibres are then coated with an epoxy resin and/or methylone resin, hardener, methyl-polysilane and/or silicone methyl resin and dust-laying agent, separately or with a binder produced from an emulsion mix.

Description

The invention relates to a method for complete Recover the in the form of bottles, barrels, glasses and Sheets and corresponding fragments of existing glass materials that are cleaned, freed from foreign components, is crushed and then processed by heating.

As part of the environmental protection efforts, the The authorities started to change the glass material collect separately and then recycle it ren. Due to the degree of pollution and the non-glazing components, it is difficult to remove the entire glass mat efficient reprocessing. There are also significant ones Difficulties because the waste glass does not have the necessary quality, so that it is usually only in limited amount is used again. The rest of the old glass is still removed from garbage dumps or similar disposal sites worries.

The invention is based on the object, a Ver drive to create a complete and high quality Recycling of the old glass enables.

The object is achieved in that the entire waste glass after separating foreign matter without color chopped and other breakdown and together with Solvents and other additives in the liquid phase is transferred at 800 to 1,000 ° C that the glass melt too Glass fibers are processed and that the glass fibers are still in the warm condition with a binder made of epoxy resin and / or Methyl resin, hardener, methyl polysilane and / or silicon methyl Resin and dust binder separately or with one previously prepared from it by mixing an emulsion Binder are coated.  

The procedure naturally also presupposes that the Glass as such previously from foreign substances, i.e. H. for example metallic parts is freed. It also presupposes that first of all also leftovers etc. be removed. Then but can crush the glass without further preparation and be heated. In the glass melt, all are uncoloured different components melted, the flow glass is then processed into glass fibers. The Glass fibers tend to be of unsatisfactory quality then processed into high quality product by using a appropriate binder are wrapped. The binder made of epoxy resin u. a. Ingredients is thereby through ent speaking preparation and mixing so for the individual company sprayed on that it envelops these fibers and the fibers the necessary stability or other properties gives. Because of this preparation and editing results a fiberglass material that then becomes a wide variety Can be used for purposes. It is particularly advantageous that not only the preparation process is simplified and ver is shortened, but that also solves an environmental problem can be because of more or less inferior out high quality end product. As a binder is used epoxy resin or methylon resin or one Mix of both. Both resins are advantageous miscible, with catalysts also being used can, in order to further influence the good adhesion on glass sen. Made of epoxy resin and methylon resin The glass obtained from the waste glass melt can bind 100% fiber is processed into the fabric or glass wool, because it provides the necessary stability through this material holds.

According to an expedient embodiment of the invention provided that the glass fibers over a variable pressure Compression tape formed into insulation mats or rolls and then be treated in a heating oven. This next  Formation of the process ensures the refinement of the glass fibers from the ge mats or rolls made from it be dried so that the appropriate shape is obtained remains. Insulation mats and rolls are differentiated for Lichsten purposes used, the advantage being that by the use of the epoxy resin ensures a long service life are, with an environmental impact, regardless of Use of the mats or rolls is not to be feared. The epoxy resin behaves even when fires occur harmless to the environment, since toxic gases or the like do not ent can stand.

The processing of the correspondingly manufactured and be traded fiber is particularly simplified if the Glass fibers in square or rectangular packages or shaped plates and at the same time with a thin glass fleece, preferably from the same base material is covered. That remains over the glass fleece Preserved form better and beyond such packages and plates are easier to handle because the individual fibers are enveloped accordingly. It is also An advantage especially with insulation materials, because here the processing tion is significantly simplified.

The processing and at the same time the shape will be easier if the packages or plates on both sides or even provided with a material made of glass fleece all around become. The glass is processed at the same time fleece practically incorporated into the glass wool, so that results in a very compact and easily manipulable training.

Another appropriate training provides that in addition to the glass fleece or instead of the glass fleece Glass fiber woven tapes are applied to the packages and with these are connected. This training also serves the Sta bilization of the individual packages or their shape and  the shape retention. The corresponding tapes make it easier also handling, because it gives you the opportunity for example machines and the like Handling aids put.

Especially when the corresponding insulation material ten or rolls or packages inserted into cavities it may be advantageous if in the insulation mats or rolls or woven into the glass fiber packages Straps or frames can be integrated with the compacting. There this gives the packages a certain stiffness, so that stack them cheaply on top of or next to each other and in appropriate cavities are to be inserted.

Depending on the application or the cost, it can be from Be an advantage if the epoxy resin completely or partially Methylon resin, polyester resin or the same or similar effect the plastic resins is replaced. Appropriate binders also expediently become emulsions beforehand processed, then the emulsion accordingly on the glass spray on fibers.

Another training is where the epoxy resin is supplemented by long chain starch, the emulsion is generated with the addition of silane. Depending on the application can be the partial or total replacement of the epoxy resin be advantageous through long-chain starch, especially if if appropriate material after use by burning is disposed of because the organic starch does not contain any Creates problems for the environment. By adding silane is the combination of organic and non-organic be constituents easily possible, so that an effective emulsion can be generated. The long chain strength brings together with the silicone resin an emulsion that can also be included which is suitable for glass fibers. However, the qualification to make higher demands on the glass fibers, so that  the complete replacement or extensive replacement of the epoxy Resin is only possible if high-quality glass or starting material is used.

The aim of the method according to the invention is yes, the An part of recycling material as high as possible. This is especially possible if the glass fibers contain 6 to 9% by weight Epoxy resin, 0.5 to 4 wt .-% silicone resin and known as one a small amount of dust binder can be coated. The dust Binder only serves in the manufacturing process of Glass fibers to prevent the creation of dust. By high The share of epoxy resin and silicone resin is then the integration of the glass fibers possible and a gluing of the glass fibers with each other, so that a correspondingly stable fiber structure ent stands for safe use for different purposes poses. The greater the proportion of waste material in the original pro product, the higher the proportions of epoxy resin and also be on silicone resin.

Especially when the glass fibers provided packages or other products in larger quantities to be stacked on top of one another, it is advantageous if on both sides of the glass wool formed from the glass fibers Support structure consisting of rods or tubes becomes. This scaffolding stabilizes the individual package, facilitates insertion into an appropriate cavity or stacking the individual packages on top of one another so that the Versatility of the process is significantly increased. About that In addition, the rods and tubes offer the possibility of eyelets or similar to be provided, via which the correspondingly equipped Pa kete are then even easier to manipulate and the possibility offer the opportunity to also use auxiliary machines. They can also appropriate packages with appropriate training themselves have correspondingly large dimensions. Thereby be there is the possibility to make the support frame out of bars or raw ren to manufacture from glass fiber material, so here again  identical material is available, which later on recycling of the corresponding components is easily possible Lich makes.

The corresponding glass fibers should be as described can be used for different purposes. Hence the Training in the form of packages, mats or similar spatial structures. This is possible with conventional systems because of the Compaction tapes are given the opportunity to shape that way far to pretend that then only one cutting operation is required. But this is usually just ecki to create ge structures while it may also be required can specify round or similar shapes. According to the Er invention possible in that the glass fibers before curing filled in molds and then in the preferably heatable Molds are cured. In this way, for example an adsorber is prefabricated, d. H. one as an oil barrier usable component, being more or less finitely long Barriers are created, which then connect to each other they are. It is also conceivable, for example ships assign speaking barriers, whereby by the inventive appropriate procedures with the heated molds in turn the poss is given, the glass wool one to the respective type to specify the appropriate form for the purpose. The glass wool is practically baked in the form, with the glass fibers be pulled through the appropriate shape or stay in shape if, for example, lifebuoys getting produced. In the latter, the jaws of the mold after filling with glass wool moved against each other, so that in the shape of the glass wool or glass fibers and compacted be kept in the same shape because of the drying process is carried out. This method variant according to the invention also opens the use of the invention for wide re fields of application, since practically any shape is given ben that the appropriate design really only in the heated mold is unwound so that the glass fibers  not being able to stick together beforehand.

The invention is characterized in particular by that a process is created with the waste glass completely can be used. The individual from the old glass provided glass fibers are wrapped with a binder, that to such a stabilization of the individual glass fibers contributes that even "inferior" starting product without white teres can be processed. Also the different zu composition of the starting product is leveled, because the actual finishing process only after the glass melt occurs while it is for the glass melt and also for the actual manufacture of the glass fibers it doesn't matter which material is used. First after the production of the glass fibers, the wrapping and thus "refining" the respective and possibly different trained glass fibers.

Further details and advantages of the invention counter stand out from the following description of the associated drawing, in the necessary details and Items are shown, for example, one appropriate device or system result, as they have been so far was not known. Show it:

Fig. 1 a plant for the processing of the glass fibers produced from waste glass,

A member made of glass fiber package Fig. 2,

Fig. 3 shows a shape processing of glass fibers,

Fig. 4 shows a part of an adsorber prepared with the aid of the device according to Fig. 3,

Fig. 5 glass fibers with a coating of different binder and chem

Fig. 6 is a process diagram relating to the processing of waste glass.

The glass melt 1 or the corresponding glass jet is placed on a rotating plate 2 and laterally attached nozzles are pressed out, so that the glass fibers 3 , 4 are formed. These glass fibers 3 , 4 , which are usually also heated between, are sprayed in the form of glass wool 5 with the medium via the nozzles 6 , 7 . This creates a coating that enables further processing of the glass wool 5 .

For this purpose, the glass wool 5 is fed to a compression belt 9 , where the glass wool 5 is passed between the corresponding individual members of the compression belt 9 . These individual elements of the compression belt 9 , 9 'can be moved towards each other, so that the glass wool 5 led between them is more or less compressed.

At the end of the compression belt 9 , a separating knife 10 is arranged, over which the glass wool is cut off in each case. This initially creates a kind of packets 11 , 12 which, as indicated in FIG. 1, are surrounded by a glass fleece 13 , 14 . When the covering is complete, the jacket 15 is formed . The glass fleece 13 , 14 is fed via storage rollers 17 , 18 , so that an effective binding of the glass wool 5 is ensured.

It is also conceivable, instead of the glass fleece 13 , 14, a band of glass fibers 16 is guided between the compression band 9 , 9 ', in this way to specify a package shown in FIG. 2, which is then secured by this band . However, a support frame 20 is also shown in FIG. 2, which consists of individual rods 21 , 22 .

The corresponding packages 11 , 12 are placed in the form shown in FIG. 1 on a lift truck 19 and then passed on from this to a further transport device. The packages 11 , 12 can have different shapes, but as a rule they are just rectangular or square.

According to Fig. 3 and 4, but also other formed parts, such as adsorber 24 can be produced. Derar term tubular structures are made in a mold 22 , 23 , for which purpose these two molded parts 22 , 23 are first filled with the glass wool 5 , and then by pressing together to achieve the role shown in FIG. 4 or the adsorber.

However, it is also possible to place the two molded parts 22 , 23 on top of one another and then to insert the glass wool 5 in the direction of view, the inlet being designed to be funnel-shaped. This results in the same effect as in the compression band 9 , 9 ', because when pulling through this funnel and the subsequent tube there is a corresponding structure that represents the adsorber 24 is. The individual molds 22 , 23 are preferably heatable in order to also be able to co-operate in this way with the curing process or drying process.

Fig. 5 shows glass fibers 3 , which are provided with a different coating. Either it is a binder 25 made of epoxy resin, hardener, methylpolysilane and / or silicon methyl resin and dust binder or a binder 26 in which the epoxy resin is replaced in whole or in part by polyester resin or similar or similar synthetic resins or by a binder 27 in which the epoxy resin is supplemented by long chain starch. In all cases, the binder is emulsified uniformly, so that even with the latter binder, a uniform emulsion results, which can be sprayed onto the glass fibers cheaply.

Fig. 6 explains the overall process, with 30 of the glass collection container is designated, in which the waste glass, regardless of the origin or training is collected. Metallic parts have already been deposited, so that there is a more or less contaminated glass material.

This glass material is first passed through a shredding unit 31 , in order to then be transferred to a washing system 32 or a corresponding belt 33 . This slow-moving belt carries the glass material under a kind of shower device, which is supplied with the necessary cleaning water via a water distribution 34 . This cleaning water can be mixed with different chemicals, for which the solvent tank 35 is provided. Instead of this one solvent tank 35 , chemicals can be provided. The chemicals are mixed with the water and then sprayed onto the product to be cleaned via the nozzles 36 , 37 . The wash water is collected in a trough and then reprocessed so that it can be used again.

After completion of the cleaning process, the material reaches a mill 38 where it is ground to the required grain size. At the same time, the required additive is fed into the mill 38 , this additive being stored in corresponding additive bunkers 39 , 40 here .

After completing the mixing and crushing process, the glass dust or the waste glass material is injected into the glass melt 41 . Over the flame at 800 to 1000 ° C melting of the glass material, so that the liquid glass can then be fed to an intermediate container 42 , where it is kept at temperature until it can be further processed.

For further processing, a rotation plate 43 is provided on which the liquid glass jet strikes. The glass material is then pressed out through the nozzles provided in the rotation plate 43 so that thin glass fibers and thus a glass wool 45 are formed.

About the gas burner 44 , a corresponding temperature is maintained here, so that the emulsion described above, especially from epoxy resin and silicone resin, can also be effectively applied to the individual glass fibers 3 , 4 via the addition of binder 46 . Further details of the further processing method have been shown and explained with reference to FIG. 1.

The overall process can also be referred to as a "Schiwi" be, there being a complete refurbishment of waste glass also of lower quality to high-quality end products poses.

All mentioned features, including those of the drawings alone to be extracted, alone and in combination, are invented considered essential.

Claims (11)

1. A process for the complete recovery of the glass material present in the form of bottles, barrels, glasses and plates as well as corresponding fragments, which is cleaned, freed from foreign matter, crushed and then processed by heating, characterized in that the entire waste glass after separation crushed of foreign matter without color and other division and together with solvents and other additives in the liquid phase at 800 to 1000 ° C is transferred that the glass melt is processed into glass fibers and that the Glasfa sern still warm with a Binder made of epoxy resin and / or methylon resin, hardener, methylpolysilane and / or silicon methyl resin and dust binder are each separated or coated with a binder prepared beforehand by mixing an emulsion. 2. The method according to claim 2, characterized, that the glass fibers over a variable pressure compression tape formed into insulation mats or rolls and attached are then treated in a heating oven. 3. The method according to claim 1 and claim 2, characterized, that the glass fibers become square or rectangular Formed packages or plates and at the same time with a thin NEN glass fleece, which is preferably made of the same basic material is made to be covered. 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized, that the packages or plates on both sides or even all around  a material made of glass fleece. 5. The method according to claim 3, characterized, that in addition to the glass mat or instead of the glass mat Glass fiber woven tapes are applied to the packages and with these are connected. 6. The method according to claim 1 and claim 2, characterized, that in the insulation mats or rolls or in the packages ribbons or webs made of glass fibers with compacting to get integrated. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized, that the epoxy resin is wholly or partly by methylon resin, Polyester resin or plastic with the same or similar effect resin is replaced. 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized, that the epoxy resin is supplemented by long chain starch, the emulsion being produced with the addition of silane. 9. The method according to claim 1 characterized, that the glass fibers with 6 to 9 wt .-% epoxy resin, 0.5 to 4 % By weight silicone resin and, as is known, a small amount of dust binders are coated. 10. The method according to claim 1 and claim 2, characterized, that on both sides of the glass wool formed from the glass fibers a support structure consisting of rods or tubes is erected is brought.   11. The method according to claim 1 and claim 2, characterized, that the glass fibers are filled into molds before curing and then cured in the preferably heatable molds the.