DE4321117A1 - Shaped body with axially extending channels and process for their production - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to moldings with axially extending Channels, the channels being formed by inserts which are enclosed by a cladding tube, and methods for their Manufacturing.

Such moldings and processes for their production are known.

So show DE-PS 13 03 555, DE-GM 19 54 340, DE-OS 35 38 653 and DE-OS 19 25 385 shaped bodies, which are used as writing wicks, Writing tips, applicators or drawing tips are and which are pressed together from a bundle or glued tubes made of plastic.

According to DE-OS 35 38 653, an applicator can also consist of a Elevations and depressions provided foil tape wrapped be, whereby axially extending, continuous Capillary channels result.

According to DE-OS 19 25 385, the tubes can round or have polygonal cross-section, pressed as a strand and reduced in diameter by pulling and on it final diameter measure are brought. After that they should bundled and glued together in the bundle and hardened become.

A major disadvantage of such shaped bodies is in that they do not have a very abrasion-resistant surface and therefore subject to relatively heavy wear. Unless they are continuously glued or welded, they may also be unstable against lateral Effects of pressure.

GB-PS 364 808 and DE-PS 32 40 250 are molded articles or writing tips known from a bundle Metal strips or wires are formed and their tips  possibly also compressed by reshaping or to the final one Diameter can be brought.

The capillary supply channels are here through Spacing of the wires or strips pressed together formed to each other and are therefore only very bad to be clearly defined and determined in terms of size. In addition, the individual wires can and should When writing, move the strips slightly against each other so that these peaks are often inherently unstable.

From DE-AS 19 10 268, DE-AS 22 39 418 and US-PS 3 843 270 Shaped body or writing nibs known from profile bars assembled and enveloped by a cladding tube. The profile bars have axial grooves, webs or other profiles that are in the assembled state, if necessary also together with the inner surface of the cladding tube, the Form capillary grooves.

Leave the defined capillary channels that can be reached with this but often do not produce in the desired fineness. In addition, such profile bars are usually made Made of plastic, so that this molded body is also not are very abrasion-resistant and dimensionally stable.

A writing tip known from EP 0518 708 A1 is said to in one piece from abrasion-resistant material, for example from Metal, exist and axial and transverse channels have to produce a good ink flow. In addition, DE-OS 31 09 400, DE-OS 22 59 636, DE-AS 25 08 490, DE-PS 20 59 179 and DE-PS 23 51 226 Process for the production of fiber composite materials known, according to which bundles of possibly also encased and / or coated metal wires surrounded by a cladding tube and along with this by pulling, rolling, hammering or Extruded and formed into a relatively homogeneous Shaped bodies are designed, the metal matrix in the essentially from the cladding tube and any existing Wire sheaths is formed.  

How and whether molded articles with axially extending open Channels and especially with capillary channels can be produced are not described, shown or recognizable. The fiber materials or fiber Composites are e.g. B. in the aircraft and Space technology as materials with extreme breaking strength or in electrical engineering to increase the Resistance to erosion in contact conductors, e.g. B. in contact Rivets and high-performance spark plugs.

In contrast, the object of the invention is to moldings create that do not have the disadvantages mentioned above and which are particularly very abrasion-resistant and therefore do not wear or wear only slightly, which is high stability have against side pressure and their capillary channels relative uniform and uniform as well as finely producible are.

As far as the use of the moldings as application elements Writing, drawing, painting or marking devices should be done Long-term products with good writing properties for different applications are created. In addition, a method for the production of such Shaped bodies are shown, with the help of shaped bodies Metal inexpensively with a large number of fine holes in the Capillary area can be provided.

These tasks are performed with the in claims 1 and 15 Shown moldings and their manufacturing processes solved.

Advantageous designs and further developments are in the further claims.

In principle, the shaped bodies according to the invention are arbitrary can be designed and used for different applications.

According to the invention, in the case of moldings with axially extending capillary channels where the channels are through inserts  are formed and which are enclosed by a cladding tube, the Inserts and the cladding tube made of deformable and possibly hardenable Made of metal, the inserts as wires, sheathed wires, pipes or formed profile body, inserted into the cladding tube and connected to it and to one another axially immovable, in particular be pressed, welded or soldered and the Reduction of the profile of the molded body and / or Diameters of the channels are made by reshaping.

Here, the cladding tube or the inserts or their Wire sleeves and the cladding tube a matrix, preferably one Metal matrix, form.

The shaping should be done by reducing pressing, by Upset or pull, preferably by pulling or by extrusion.

Shaped bodies according to the invention can be used, for example, as Writing wicks, as writing tips, as ballpoint pens with a ball bed or as a filter or sieve, or as Nozzle or aerator can be formed, the inserts in front welding or before forming grooves, webs or Contours with freely selectable cross-sectional shapes and / or Have dimensions after the forming and / or after welding capillary channels.

Sheathed wires can also advantageously be used as inserts whose wire shells and cores are made of different Materials exist and their coated cores after Forming can be removed.

The inserts and the cladding tube are during forming by diffusion welding or by soldering connected or fused together and can be used for Improve the connection before welding or Melt can be provided with a solder coating.

The cladding tube should contain at least two inserts be, in which case each axially extending channel of grooves or  Contours of at least two inserts is formed when as Inserts not simple pipes or sheathed wires, but Profile body, such as B. profile bars or tubes, be used.

The outer profile of all composite profile bodies should advantageously the inner profile of the cladding tube in which it are used before the forming in terms of shape and dimensions in the correspond substantially since it has been shown that then a particularly good connection of all parts and that thereby also relatively smooth and uniform capillary channels arise.

According to a preferred method of manufacture Shaped body according to the invention, the inserts first as Wires, sheathed wires, tubes or profiled bars are formed or be produced. After insertion in the cladding tube they will go through with this and with each other Forming, preferably by reducing pressing, by Upset or pull, especially by pulling or by extrusion, reduced in diameter and possibly changed in profile. At the same time there is a Reduction of the capillary channels and a change if necessary their profiles. In addition, all parts firmly connected to each other or pressed together, welded or soldered.

From the degree or degree of reduction of the external Dimensions, from the number of inserts and from the The desired diameter of the capillary channels is calculated the respective wall thicknesses of the cladding tube and the inserts. Conversely, given wall thicknesses and Capillary channel dimensions and number the original Determine dimensions and degree of reduction. The inserts with each other and together with the cladding tube are during or after the forming Diffusion welding or by soldering firmly to one another connected or fused.  

When using sheathed wires, their cores are re-shaped forming by melting or decomposition from the Wire sleeves removed.

The invention is illustrated by some in the drawings illustrated embodiments explained in more detail below. Here show in partly greatly enlarged form:

Fig. 1 a) a molded body with inserted tubes in cross section in an already pressed embodiment;

Fig. 1 b) the molding of Figure 1 a) unverpreßt, in a perspective view.

Fig. 2 a) and b) a cross section and a perspective view of a shaped body having inserted solid wires;

Fig. 3 a) and b) a mold body with inserted wires sheath in cross section and in perspective view;

Figure 4 a to e) a still unpressed moldings model with multiple nested tubular or circular section tubes.

Figure 5 a to e) shows another variant of a still uncompressed molding, in cross section, with double-side grooved profile tubes.

Fig. 6 a) and b) composite profile member in cross-section ready to use and concentrated,

Fig. 7 a) and b the profile elements used) shown in FIG 6 in the cladding tube, but still unverpreßt.

Fig. 8 a) to c) several different geometry and cross-sectional shapes of profile bodies;

Fig. 9 a)) a plurality of profile variants of profiled bars or -einsätzen to j;

Fig. 10 a) to e) various geometrical shapes for tubes or profile for tubular capillary elements;

Figure 11 a) to i) different possible arrangements of the capillary channels in the form of bodies.

Fig. 12 a) to i) a plurality of different geometry and cross-sectional shapes of shaped articles;

Fig. 13 a) to e) components and forming steps inventive molding;

Fig. 14 a) to d) are cross-sections of the capillary channels by a shaped body in various stages of transformation or reduction;

Fig. 15 a) and b) shows a longitudinal section through a mold body as a writing tip with a ball bed, for a ballpoint pen and a plan view thereof;

Fig. 16 a) and b) shows a longitudinal section through a further form of the body as a writing tip for a ball bed of an ink pen and a plan view thereof;

Figure 17 is a molded body according to the invention with a ductile coating as a writing tip.

FIG. 18 is a further molded article according to the invention with a ductile coating as a writing tip;

FIG. 19 is a molded body with a replaceable coating as the aerator;

FIG. 20 is a different shape than the body without coating nozzle;

FIG. 21 is a writing instrument with writing tip as moldings of the invention;

Fig. 22 is a partial section of a writing instrument having a used as a tail plug or a filter molding.

The molded body 1 shown in Fig. 1 a and b) with seven tubes 34 inserted as inserts 3 is shown in cross-section ( Fig. A) in an already compressed version and uncompressed in a perspective view (according to Fig. B), in which the cladding tube 2 has not yet completely received the pipes 34 . The pressed tubes 34 are practically hexagonal deformed and accordingly have profiled capillary channels 44 .

According to Fig. 2 a) and b) is prepared with am inserted into the cladding tube 2 solid wires 31 inventive molding 1, the wires 31 form between them capillary 44th

In the molded body 1 shown in FIGS . 3 a) and b) with sheathed wires 32 used in the cladding tube 2 as inserts 3 , the capillary channels 44 remain relatively uniform and true to shape even after the forming, since the cores 32 arranged in the wire sheaths 32 ''' Counteract excessive deformation. The cores 32 must be removed after the forming. Depending on the core material, this can be done chemically, e.g. B. by etching out or mechanically.

The still unpressed molded body variant shown in Fig. 4 a to e) has several, as inserts 3 nested round profile tubes 33 ''', which are provided with grooves 41 , resulting in the assembled state in the cladding tube 2 after forming the capillary channels 44 .

From Fig. 5 a to e) a further variant of a still unpressed molded body 1 with double-sided grooved round profile tubes 33 '''' can be seen, wherein the molded body 1 also has several nested profile tubes 33 '''', which have grooves 41 and Webs 42 are provided, which also results in the capillary channels 44 in the assembled state in the cladding tube 2 after the shaping.

The Fig. 6 a) to 8 c) show as inserts 3 'composite profile body 33 in cross section, ready for use bundled and inserted into the cladding tube 2, but still unverpreßt, FIG. 8 a) to c) several different geometry and cross-sectional shapes of profile bodies 33 or of composite profile bars 33 'show an example. The corresponding cladding tubes ( 2 ) would also correspond in profile to the square or hexagonal cross sections. Each two coming together molded grooves 41 of two profile bars 33 'form the basic shape and initial dimension of the capillary channels formed after the reshaping. With different geometry and cross-sectional shapes, the inserts 3 'or the profile body 33 of the inner contour of the respective cladding tube 2 are to be adapted in order to obtain as uniform and smooth capillary channels as possible and to obtain an optimal connection or welding of all individual parts.

The arrangement and number of grooves can be according to the intended Application and free within the technical possibilities to get voted.

As can be seen from FIGS. 9 a) to 10 e), the profile bars 33 '' (according to FIG. 9) or the tubes 34 'according to FIG. 10, have different geometrical or cross-sectional shapes or contours, thereby different cross-sections, arrangements and shapes of the capillary channels result.

The Fig. 11 a) to 12 i) different possible arrangements show the capillary channels 44 in the cladding tubes 2 of the molded body 1 (Fig. 11 and 12) as well as in Fig. 12 different geometry and cross-sectional shapes of the molded body 1 itself.

Fig. 13 shows in Fig. A) to e) the individual parts (a + b) and the forming stages (c to e) of molded articles according to the invention, here the cladding tube 2 ( Fig. 13a), 19 pieces of tubes 34 , initially loose (in Fig. 13b), then in the uncompressed state ( Fig. 13c), and in two reduction stages (according to Fig. 13d and 13e) are shown.

From Fig. 14 a) to d) the change in the cross sections of the tubes 34 and thus also the cross sections of the capillary channels 44 , 44 'of a shaped body 1 can be seen in different stages of deformation or reduction. When the cladding tube 2 and the inserted tubes 34 are formed, new tube geometries are formed which, depending on the degree of deformation, leave the existing interspaces 23 open as capillary channels 44 '( Fig. 14e) or practically completely fill and close them ( Fig. 14d ).

The Fig. 15 a) to 16 b) 15 show shaped body 1 formed as a nib 12 for pens and each provided with a ball bed 13, wherein according to Fig. The capillary channels 44 and, if appropriate diameter larger paste channels 46 of smaller and larger Tubes or can be formed from profile bars. The body of the writing nibs 12 can at the same time be the cladding tube 2 ( FIG. 16) if this is possible due to the required dimensions and other conditions. Otherwise, a cladding tube 2 is additionally used, which is then inserted into the writing tip 12 and pressed, welded or otherwise firmly connected to it ( FIG. 15). In Fig. 16 a) and b) an ink ballpoint pen is shown with different capillary channels 44 , 44 'formed from tubes 34 , the gem. Are Fig. 16 on the one hand as well as from not completely sealed spaces (23) on the other hand, formed from the bores of the tubes is provided here with different diameters 34 between the tubes 34. The tubes 34 have larger diameters in the center and smaller diameters in the outer area, in order to achieve different capillary zones within the ink supply and in the ball bed.

In the case of in Figs. 17 and 18 apparent nibs 12 '' with capillary channels 44 is a molding of the invention with a ductile, that is, deformable, compliant with the use of coating 5, 5 'is provided, which likewise has capillary pores or open channels and if necessary can also be retrofitted or interchangeably designed and arranged.

The molded bodies 1 according to FIGS. 19 and 20 represent a aerator 16 (in FIG. 19) and a nozzle 15 (in FIG. 20) which is designed as an interchangeable insert, in both cases the delivery medium under pressure through the, preferably from profile tubes or, formed from profile rods exit channels 45 , 45 'can be pressed. Nozzles of this type are e.g. B. as ink jet nozzles (ink-jet) can also be used as injection or inlet nozzles in engines or motor vehicles or in other areas of application in which relatively wear-resistant dispensing or application elements are required. In pneumatic applications, such nozzles can be designed as "very fine nozzles" and can be used with or without electronic components.

The writing instrument shown in Fig. 21 has a molded body 1 according to the invention as a writing tip 12 ', which is inserted into a tank 7 for receiving the writing means. The tank 7 is here a converter 8 provided with a filling device and can also be refilled via the writing tip 12 '. The writing tip 12 'shown here as a model itself consists of a molded body 1 produced according to one of the above-described embodiments, the capillary channels of which are designed and dimensioned in accordance with the intended application medium and the intended use. However, the shape can also be as shown in FIG. 20 or be configured in any other way. Such a writing instrument can then possibly also be used as a "liquid pencil".

In Fig. 22, the rear mounted in a shaft 91 closure plug 92 is of a writing instrument 9 shown, is inserted into the an inventive shaped body 1 as a filter 14, on the one hand to retain the writing means and but to pass unimpeded to the other air through the air duct 94. As an additional safeguard, a closure flap 93 is also provided here, which is open in the writing position and reliably prevents the inlet to the filter 14 in the rest position, ie lying down or when the writing instrument is turned over. Such filters 14 can of course also be used in a variety of other ways, such as, for example, as an air filter in engine or automobile construction.

Depending on the application and version, the Fiber composite material through the most varied, in principle largely known, processes are produced.

Manufacturing example

A fiber composite molded body is made from:
Cladding tube / matrix: brass tube: Cu Zn 38 Pb 1.5
Outside diameter: 8 mm, wall: 2 mm
Insert tubes: brass tubes: Cu Zn 11 Ni1 Sn1, number: 19 pieces,
Outside diameter: 0.7 mm, wall: 0.2 mm
Production sequence: The tube bundle, consisting of 19 capillary tubes, is pushed into the cladding tube in an orderly manner. The number of tubes is reduced to a partially homogeneous material in several reduction stages.

The individual are welded by multiple intermediate annealing Tubes on the surface with each other and with the cladding tube. With a round inner diameter, the number of round ones Insert tubes restricted for geometric reasons. Pieces of: 7, 13 or 19 pieces are advantageous.

Will fiber composite material as a raw material for proposed moldings, especially for Nibs and / or ball nibs are used, so the Output wire both in bars, tubes or rods, as well be made in endless ring material. These Delivery forms are suitable for rational production Automatic lathes. The starting material is preferred a metal matrix with inserted metallic fibers Tubes, wires or profile bodies.

This is the case with tubular fiber composite materials Capillary channels through the inner diameter of the composite tubes. Due to the manufacturing process, the capillaries lose more or less  their original form when reducing from Initial diameter and profile to the final diameter. The capillaries are formed in wire-fiber composite materials Channels in the spaces between the wires that were originally are preferably formed as round wires.

In the case of profile wire composite materials, profile wires serve as Inserts, while with profile tube composite materials inside, outside, or inside and outside profiled tubes are used can be.

Another possible variant for the production of Capillary channels are made using sheathed wire Fiber composites. This creates the capillaries Channels by etching the core material out of the Sheathed wires of the finished molded body. The Variant is the same as the pipe Fiber composite materials, with the advantage that dimension and The geometry of the capillary channels is more precisely determined and constant can be produced than is the case with pipe composite materials is possible.

Another advantage compared to pipes is that better connection (welding process) between matrix and Sheathed wire. However, the higher ones are disadvantageous Manufacturing costs, both for the primary material, and for that Shaped body, and only the short ones due to the etching Capillary channels, their self-holding forces for liquids are necessarily relatively low.

The outer geometry of the fiber composites, in particular the geometry of the capillary channels or their geometric Shape, is by the deformation process, depending on the process, changed more or less.

In principle, any shape for the design of the Capillary channels can be selected.

Likewise, the arrangement and the number of capillaries in the Metal matrix largely freely selectable.

The fibers, both from pipe and wire, can in diameter, in geometry, in their position, in the number of pieces and also in principle free in the arrangement  to get voted. Dimensions and are also freely selectable External shape of the fiber composite material.

The combination of materials between the metallic matrix and the Fibers made of wire or pipe are used in some processes limited due to production.

As tests have shown, the known manufacturing processes are which were developed for wire fiber composite material for Pipe fiber materials from an economic point of view only to a limited extent useful. In contrast, this appears below described profile wire process particularly suitable.

For cost reasons, the basic consideration presupposes that one the fiber composite material in relatively long wires, starting out of a relatively thick raw material. Then the wire fiber or profile composite material is included Capillary channels for cost reasons for a mass product well suited and promising procedure. The starting profiles are, for example, several Circular sections with rolled-in semicircles. At appropriate distribution, this results in at least two different profiles.

Depending on the method used, such a "fiber package" extruded, rolled or drawn.

The extrusion process is based on traditional drawing To be preferred for reasons of cost.

There are also other variants of profile composite material bundled individual profiles suitable.

Depending on the application or the desired diameter of the Profile body and / or according to the consistency of the continuous Liquid, are the diameters and lengths of the Adjust capillary bores individually.

Below are some uses in the area of Writing and drawing device industry exemplified and described.  

Embodiment

A writing tip made from a 6 mm long piece of tubular Fiber composite material is manufactured as follows.

As the starting material for the cladding tube (as matrix mass) Cu Zn 38 Pb 1.5 is used and for the capillary tubes Cu Zn 11 Ni1 Sn1.

The dimension of the cladding tube is for the outer diameter 6.8 mm, in the 19 tube inserts with an inner diameter of 0.2-0.25 mm are used.

To a writing tip made of pipe composite material is used as Filling tank a standard converter for fountain pens with one 0.2 mm air expansion hole used and a pigmented ink used as writing fluid.

The sample of writing with this pattern showed that such System works in principle.

Due to the unfavorable tip geometry this is true no defined smear was possible, but the ink flow was immediately available relatively continuously.

More options from writing tips Fiber composite materials arise when in the Capillary channels, if necessary, a small tampon is used, the relatively low capillary forces, starting from the same Capillary diameters, converted into stronger capillary forces. The size and cross-sectional geometry of the writing tip are freely selectable.

Longer capillary channels are considerably more leakproof than shorter capillary channels with comparable Capillary diameter. They increase the self-retention of the Liquid in the capillary channels. This is important in large filling volume.

Different fluid consistencies of the Writing fluids can be changed by changing the Capillary length or cross-sections are compensated. Metallic fiber composite tips with ductile coating as Writing tips can be made by the one-sided metal tip and each according to the basic form of the ductile, d. H. deformable,  Writing tip, as it folds, softens the paper cuddly or soft and dimensionally stable over the paper sliding, designed for graphic, design, artist, School and painting supplies.

Instead of a "normal" writing fluid, or one Ink or ink, a liquid graphite dispersion used with appropriate dimensioning and shape, the Capillary channels hereby also created a writing instrument which can be described as a "liquid pencil". Such a "pencil" could only be a single one Have a hole as a discharge opening.

Application devices designed as a kit with exchangeable, similar or different writing tips and / or with different writing medium colors, this can Writing system also used and multifunctional be used.

The material of the ductile (deformable) writing tip must Take up writing fluid and apply it via capillary channels Can deliver paper. The geometry of the ductile Writing tip can be round in cross-section or any other have any shape. You can at the tip of the pen be rounded or flat. The length of the writing tip changes the writing behavior and the Possible uses of the writing system.

The combination of metallic fiber composite tip with ductile, relatively soft nib results in a completely new writing system and already combines the properties known writing systems, such as ink drawers, calligraphy Scribes, markers (especially layout painters), with additional ones Options.

A ball bed made of fiber composite material should be technical and also be economically possible, especially for as "Rollerball" designated, directly filled or with Ink cartridges equipped with ink cartridges.  

With fountain pens and also with fountain pens Wick writers is an air balancer Ink line provided with a controller section. This can be done with metallic fiber composite create a relatively inexpensive and space-saving alternative. A plug made of fiber composite material, consisting of a very thin disc and a valve flap soft plastic, would already be sufficient for this. The flap hangs when the writing instrument is in the vertical position downward. Air can pass through the fiber composite flow in while the flap is upside down Leakage of liquid through the pane is prevented. When the writing instrument is in a vertical or horizontal position the valve flap settles on the liquid pressure upper edge of the end plug in a ring.

The metallic fiber composite with capillary channels serves here as air balance and shut-off valve. With an as thin disc shaped filters are the capillary forces very little.

By writing behind the writing fluid The resulting vacuum pulls the liquid out of the Capillary channels and the air can flow in. On the other hand, the low capillary forces result only a low self-holding power of the liquid in the Capillary channels. When the writing instrument is held upright there is therefore a risk that the writing fluid through the short capillary channels are dripping. This works the valve flap with the appropriate construction by the Absorbs liquid pressure of the standing writing column.

With the proposed solution, the principle of Plastic fiber pen tips and their transport principle the writing fluid via a capillary system, on a Metal tip can be transferred.

From this point of view, the following writing systems can be used with of such a metallic writing tip. This applies in particular to all types of fiber pens.  

A possible disadvantage of using a fiber pen metallic tip could have unfavorable sliding properties Be paper. Therefore ductile, i.e. H. soft, porous Writing tips on metallic fiber composite cores as Coating applied or as an interchangeable cover be raised. This system enables artistic Writing and drawing and freely selectable Pen geometry, as well as the light when worn Interchangeability, for example an attached ductile Top.

You can also use ballpoint pens with a ball bed be made from tubular fiber composite material; For different ball diameters, for different Writing media and / or for different transport volumes the writing fluid by different sizes of Capillary channels.

A ball bed made of fiber composite material also enables one direct tank filling, because of the fine capillary channels of the Flow of writing material is well regulated.

Fiber composite body with different diameters and with Capillary holes can also be used as tube recorders be used. Especially thin tubes are thereby less susceptible to faults because there is no longer a central center wire is required.

In the case of fountain pens, the nibs may also be made out suitable moldings are produced. Here is possibly the vibration behavior of the spring adjustable and the flow rate of the ink adjustable.

Reference list

1 molded body
11 writing wick
12 , 12 ′ , 12 ′ ′ writing tip
13 ball bed
14 filters or strainer
15 nozzle
16 aerator
2 cladding tube
21 inner surface (of 2 )
22 outer surface
23 space
3 , 3 ′ insert
31 wire, full
32 sheathed wire
32 ′ wire casing
32 ′ ′ core (of 32 )
33 profile body
33 ′ , 33 ′ ′ profile bars
33 ''' , 33'''' profile tubes
34 , 34 ' pipes
4 channels
41 grooves
42 bridges
43 contours
44 , 44 ′ capillary channel
45 , 45 ' outlet channels
46 paste channel
5 , 5 ′ coatings
6 attachment
7 tank
8 filling device
9 writing instrument
91 shaft
92 end plugs
93 flap
94 air duct

Claims (19)

1. Shaped body with axially extending capillary channels, the channels being formed by inserts which are surrounded by a cladding tube, characterized in that
that the inserts ( 3 , 3 ') and the cladding tube ( 2 ) consist of formable and possibly hardenable metal,
that the inserts ( 3 , 3 ') as wires ( 31 ), sheathed wires ( 32 ), tubes ( 34 ) or profile body ( 33 ), in particular as profile bars ( 33 ', 33 '') and / or as profile tubes ( 33 ''', 33 '''') formed, inserted in the cladding tube ( 2 ) and axially immovably connected to it and with each other, in particular pressed, welded or soldered
and that the reduction of the profile of the shaped body ( 1 ) and / or the diameter of the channels ( 4 ) is carried out by reshaping. 2. Shaped body according to claim 1, characterized in that the cladding tube ( 2 ) or the inserts ( 3 , 3 ') or their wire sleeves ( 32 ') and the cladding tube ( 2 ) form a matrix. 3. Shaped body according to claim 1 or 2, characterized, that the forming by reducing pressing, by Upset, roll or pull, preferably by Extrusion or by extrusion. 4. Shaped body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is designed as a writing wick ( 11 ), writing tip ( 12 ', 12 '') or as a ballpoint pen tip ( 12 ) with a ball bed ( 13 ). 5. Shaped body according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is designed as a filter or sieve ( 14 ), as a nozzle ( 15 ) or as a aerator ( 16 ). 6. Shaped body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inserts ( 3 , 3 ') before welding or before forming grooves ( 41 ), webs ( 42 ) or contours ( 43 ) with freely selectable cross-sectional shapes and / or Have dimensions. 7. Shaped body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grooves ( 41 ) between the webs ( 42 ) or the contours ( 43 ) after forming and / or after welding form capillary channels ( 44 ). 8. Shaped body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer profile of all the composite profile body ( 33 ) corresponds to the inner profile of the cladding tube ( 2 ), in which they are inserted, essentially in terms of shape and dimension before the shaping. 9. Shaped body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that sheathed wires ( 32 ) were used as inserts ( 3 ), the wire sheaths ( 32 ') and cores ( 32 '') consisted of different materials. 10. Shaped body according to claim 9, characterized in that the covered cores ( 32 '') of the sheathed wires ( 32 ) were removed after the shaping. 11. Shaped body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inserts ( 3 , 3 ') and the cladding tube ( 2 ) have been firmly connected or fused together during the forming by diffusion welding. 12. Shaped body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inserts ( 3 ,, 3 ') and the cladding tube ( 2 ) are provided with a solder coating before the forming or before the welding or fusing. 13. Shaped body according to claim 12, characterized in that the inserts ( 3 , 3 ') and the cladding tube ( 2 ) have been firmly connected or fused together during the forming by soldering. 14. Shaped body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cladding tube ( 2 ) contains at least two inserts ( 3 ') and that each axially extending channel made of grooves ( 41 ) or contours ( 43 ) of at least two inserts ( 3 ') ) is formed. 15. A method for producing a shaped body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that first the inserts ( 3 , 3 ') as wires ( 31 ), sheathed wires ( 32 ), tubes ( 34 ) or profile bodies ( 33 ), in particular as profile bars ( 33 ', 33 '') or as profile tubes ( 33 ''', 33 '''') formed and used in the cladding tube ( 2 ) and that they are then firmly connected or welded to this and to each other. 16. A method for producing a shaped body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the profile of the shaped body ( 1 ) and / or the diameter of the channels ( 4 ) is reduced by reshaping. 17. The method according to claim 16, characterized, that the forming by reducing pressing, by Squeeze or pull, preferably by Extrusion or by extrusion. 18. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inserts ( 3 , 3 ') with each other and together with the cladding tube ( 2 ) during or after forming by diffusion welding or by soldering are firmly connected or fused together. 19. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cores ( 32 '') of the wires ( 31 ) used as inserts ( 3 ) are removed after the shaping by melting or decomposition from the wire sheaths ( 32 ').