DE4318566A1 - Process for recycling waste materials containing organic components by autothermal gasification - Google Patents
Process for recycling waste materials containing organic components by autothermal gasificationInfo
- Publication number
- DE4318566A1 DE4318566A1 DE4318566A DE4318566A DE4318566A1 DE 4318566 A1 DE4318566 A1 DE 4318566A1 DE 4318566 A DE4318566 A DE 4318566A DE 4318566 A DE4318566 A DE 4318566A DE 4318566 A1 DE4318566 A1 DE 4318566A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- gasification
- waste materials
- entry
- gasification reactor
- waste
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
- C10J2300/0906—Physical processes, e.g. shredding, comminuting, chopping, sorting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
- C10J2300/1838—Autothermal gasification by injection of oxygen or steam
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Verwertung organische Bestandteile enthaltender Abfallstoffe durch autotherme Vergasung mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a method for recycling organic Components containing waste materials through autothermal Gasification with the characteristics of the generic term of Claim 1.
Ein solches Verfahren eignet sich besonders für die Entsorgung von belasteten Reststoffen, da unter den Bedingungen einer Hochtemperaturvergasung alle in den belasteten Reststoffen enthaltenen Schadstoffe thermisch gespalten werden, eine Neubildung aromatischer, polyzyklischer, heterozyklischer oder halogenierter Kohlenwasserstoffe ausgeschlossen und die anfallende mineralischen Rückstände aufgeschmolzen und in eine praktisch nicht auslaugbare Form überführt werden.Such a method is particularly suitable for disposal of contaminated residues, since under the conditions of a High temperature gasification all in the contaminated residues contained pollutants are thermally split, a Formation of aromatic, polycyclic, heterocyclic or halogenated hydrocarbons excluded and the Mineral residues are melted and converted into a practically non-leachable form are transferred.
Die Hochtemperaturvergasung, wie z. B. die Flugstromvergasung, setzt allerdings bei dem Einsatz von festen Einsatzgütern einen fein aufgemahlenen Brennstaub voraus. Ein solcher Einsatz ist bei Abfallstoffen, die aufgrund ihrer Beschaffenheit nicht oder schwer mahlbar sind, ohne Vorbehandlung kaum realisierbar. Zu solchen Einsatzgütern gehören extrem heterogene Stoffe wie Hausmüll, die sowohl schwer mahlbare Bestandteile wie z. B. Kunststoffolien als auch Metalle enthalten. Das gleiche gilt für Altreifen, die Metalle enthalten, welche vor der Aufmahlung sinnvollerweise zu entfernen sind. Es ist bekannt, diese Abfallstoffe vor der Vergasung durch eine vorgeschaltete oder in den Vergasungsprozeß integrierte Pyrolyse vorzubehandeln. Die Pyrolyseprodukte werden in der anschließenden Vergasung vorzugsweise mit technisch reinem Sauerstoff oder einem Sauerstoff/Luft/Gemisch umgesetzt. Ein solcher Pyrolyseprozeß ist mit einem erhöhten technischen Aufwand und mit dem möglichen Entstehen von giftigen Gasen verbunden.The high temperature gasification, such as. B. entrained-flow gasification, however, uses one when using fixed commodities finely ground fuel dust ahead. One such use is in the case of waste materials which, due to their nature, do not or are difficult to grind, can hardly be achieved without pretreatment. To such commodities include extremely heterogeneous substances such as Household waste that contains both difficult-to-grind components such. B. Contain plastic foils as well as metals. The same applies Used tires that contain metals, which are used before grinding are to be removed sensibly. It is known this Waste before gasification by an upstream or in to pre-treat the gasification process integrated pyrolysis. The Pyrolysis products are in the subsequent gasification preferably with technically pure oxygen or a Oxygen / air / mixture implemented. Such a pyrolysis process is with an increased technical effort and with the possible Formation of toxic gases associated.
Es ist weiterhin bekannt, Materialien durch eine Tieftemperaturbehandlung (Cryogenie) mit Hilfe von verflüssigten tiefsiedenden Gasen zu verspröden, um sie leichter aufmahlen zu können und in ihre Bestandteile zu zerlegen. Eine solche Verfahrensweise wird bei der Wiedergewinnung von Metallen aus Kabeln oder Altreifen angewendet.It is also known to be through a material Cryogenic treatment with the help of liquefied embrittling low-boiling gases to make them easier to grind can and disassemble into its components. Such Procedure is used in the recovery of metals Cables or old tires applied.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, für das gattungsgemäße Verfahren ein vereinfachtes Verfahren zu schaffen, mit dessen Hilfe heterogene Abfallstoffe mit nicht oder schwer mahlbaren Bestandteilen in den Vergasungsreaktor eingetragen werden können.The invention is based, for the generic Procedure to create a simplified procedure with the Help heterogeneous waste materials with not or difficult to grind Components are entered in the gasification reactor can.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem gattungsgemäßen Verfahren erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.This task is carried out in a generic method according to the invention by the characterizing features of Claim 1 solved. Advantageous embodiments of the Invention are specified in the subclaims.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird der Effekt der Versprödung durch die an sich bekannte Tieftemperaturbehandlung ausgenutzt, um einen so heterogenen Einsatzstoff wie Hausmüll aufbereitet in eine Hochtemperaturvergasung einzutragen, ohne eine aufwendige Vorbehandlung durch Pyrolyse anwenden zu müssen. Durch die Tieftemperaturbehandlung werden die Abfallstoffe versprödet, so daß die organischen Bestandteile des Hausmülls anschließend problemlos von metallischen Bestandteilen getrennt, zerkleinert und vergast werden können. Als Nebeneffekt kann weitgehend artenreines Metall gewonnen werden.In the method according to the invention, the effect of Embrittlement due to the known low-temperature treatment exploited to create a heterogeneous raw material like household waste processed in a high temperature gasification, without to have to apply a complex pretreatment by pyrolysis. The waste materials are removed by the low-temperature treatment embrittled so that the organic components of household waste then easily separated from metallic components, can be crushed and gasified. As a side effect can largely pure metal can be obtained.
In der Tieftemperaturbehandlung wird der Abfallstoff auf eine geeignete Korngröße zerkleinert. Diese Korngröße bestimmt sich danach, daß die Verweilzeit des zerkleinerten Abfallstoffes in dem Vergasungsreaktor für den vollständigen Umsatz der organischen Bestandteile und das Aufschmelzen der mineralischen und der eventuell noch vorhandenen metallischen Bestandteile ausreicht. Der zerkleinerte Abfallstoff wird über einen Schneckenextruder-Eintrag und/oder einen Slurry-Eintrag und/oder einen Trockenstaub-Schleusen-Eintrag in den Vergasungsreaktor eingespeist.In the low-temperature treatment, the waste is reduced to one suitable grain size crushed. This grain size is determined after that the residence time of the shredded waste in the gasification reactor for the complete conversion of the organic components and the melting of the mineral and any metallic components that may still be present is sufficient. The shredded waste material is passed through a Screw extruder entry and / or a slurry entry and / or a dry dust lock entry into the gasification reactor fed.
Für die Tieftemperaturbehandlung kann jeder inerte Kälteträger, insbesondere in Form eines tiefgekühlten oder eines verflüssigten tiefsiedenden Gases, verwendet werden. Vorzugsweise wird Stickstoff eingesetzt, der in einer Luftzerlegungsanlage gewonnen wird, die mit der Vergasungsanlage gekoppelt ist und die den als Vergasungsmittel dienenden Sauerstoff liefert. In diesem Fall kann der Stickstoff, der für das Vergasungsverfahren selbst wertlos ist, günstig genutzt werden. In Vergasungsanlagen mit kleinen Durchsatzleistungen, in denen eine eigene Luftzerlegungsanlage unwirtschaftlich wäre, kann die Tieftemperaturbehandlung zur Versprödung der Abfallstoffe auch mit Kohlendioxid durchgeführt werden. Dieses Kohlendioxid kann in einer Reinigungsstufe aus dem in dem Vergasungsreaktor erzeugten Brenngas abgetrennt werden. Die Abkühlung des Kohlendioxides auf die erforderliche Versprödungstemperatur des Abfallstoffes erfolgt in einer separaten Kälteanlage. Der Energiebedarf zum Betrieb der Kälteanlage wird vorzugsweise über die Vergasungsanlage abgedeckt, indem das in dem Vergasungsreaktor erzeugte Brenngas verbrannt und die in ihm enthaltene Wärme ausgenutzt wird.For the low-temperature treatment, any inert coolant, especially in the form of a frozen or one liquefied low-boiling gas can be used. Nitrogen is preferably used, which in a Air separation plant is obtained using the gasification plant is coupled and which serves as a gasifying agent Delivers oxygen. In this case, the nitrogen needed for the gasification process itself is worthless, used cheaply become. In gasification plants with small throughputs, in for whom an own air separation plant would be uneconomical, can the low temperature treatment to embrittlement the Waste materials can also be carried out with carbon dioxide. This Carbon dioxide can be removed from the in a purification stage Gasification reactor generated fuel gas are separated. The Cooling of the carbon dioxide to the required Embrittlement temperature of the waste material takes place in one separate refrigeration system. The energy required to operate the Refrigeration system is preferably on the gasification system covered by the fuel gas generated in the gasification reactor burned and the heat contained in it is exploited.
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4318566A DE4318566A1 (en) | 1993-06-04 | 1993-06-04 | Process for recycling waste materials containing organic components by autothermal gasification |
AT93120101T ATE163307T1 (en) | 1993-06-04 | 1993-12-14 | METHOD FOR RECYCLING WASTE MATERIALS CONTAINING ORGANIC COMPONENTS BY AUTOTHERMAL GASIFICATION |
DE59308166T DE59308166D1 (en) | 1993-06-04 | 1993-12-14 | Process for recycling waste materials containing organic components by autothermal gasification |
EP93120101A EP0627482B1 (en) | 1993-06-04 | 1993-12-14 | Process for the utilisation of organic substances containing waste by autothermic gasification |
ES93120101T ES2112379T3 (en) | 1993-06-04 | 1993-12-14 | PROCEDURE FOR THE USE OF WASTE SUBSTANCES CONTAINING ORGANIC COMPONENTS THROUGH AUTOTHERMAL GASIFICATION. |
CN94101401A CN1096048A (en) | 1993-06-04 | 1994-02-19 | By the utilize method of self-heating gasifying to the waste material that contains organic constituent |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4318566A DE4318566A1 (en) | 1993-06-04 | 1993-06-04 | Process for recycling waste materials containing organic components by autothermal gasification |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE4318566A1 true DE4318566A1 (en) | 1994-12-08 |
Family
ID=6489623
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE4318566A Withdrawn DE4318566A1 (en) | 1993-06-04 | 1993-06-04 | Process for recycling waste materials containing organic components by autothermal gasification |
DE59308166T Expired - Fee Related DE59308166D1 (en) | 1993-06-04 | 1993-12-14 | Process for recycling waste materials containing organic components by autothermal gasification |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE59308166T Expired - Fee Related DE59308166D1 (en) | 1993-06-04 | 1993-12-14 | Process for recycling waste materials containing organic components by autothermal gasification |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0627482B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1096048A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE163307T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE4318566A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2112379T3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19632731C2 (en) * | 1996-04-03 | 2000-08-24 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Process for the thermal treatment or recycling of waste materials containing organic components |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2502527A (en) * | 1946-10-23 | 1950-04-04 | Alden I Mcfarlan | Quick-freezing |
US3007319A (en) * | 1958-04-11 | 1961-11-07 | Ralph P Ogden | Method and apparatus for quick freezing foods by direct immersion |
AT333320B (en) * | 1974-05-01 | 1976-11-10 | Air Prod & Chem | DEVICE FOR SPRAYING OBJECTS |
DE2613298A1 (en) * | 1976-03-29 | 1977-10-20 | Hazemag Andreas Kg | DEVICE FOR FREEZING OBJECTS |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2101739A1 (en) * | 1971-01-15 | 1972-07-20 | Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln | Process for processing goods composed of several different components, in particular for recovering the metal parts from cable waste |
FR2567535B1 (en) * | 1984-07-12 | 1990-04-06 | Tijoux Pierre | DEVICE FOR GASIFICATION OF SOLID, CONCRETE, PASTY OR PLASTIC PRODUCTS OR WASTE |
US5081845A (en) * | 1990-07-02 | 1992-01-21 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Integrated air separation plant - integrated gasification combined cycle power generator |
DE4200341C2 (en) * | 1991-11-18 | 1997-04-17 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Method and device for high-temperature gasification of fine-grained organic waste materials with a high calorific value |
TW197977B (en) * | 1992-06-26 | 1993-01-11 | Jing-Wei Chen | Liquid nitrogen apparatus for plastic particles |
-
1993
- 1993-06-04 DE DE4318566A patent/DE4318566A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1993-12-14 AT AT93120101T patent/ATE163307T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-12-14 EP EP93120101A patent/EP0627482B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-12-14 DE DE59308166T patent/DE59308166D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-12-14 ES ES93120101T patent/ES2112379T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-02-19 CN CN94101401A patent/CN1096048A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2502527A (en) * | 1946-10-23 | 1950-04-04 | Alden I Mcfarlan | Quick-freezing |
US3007319A (en) * | 1958-04-11 | 1961-11-07 | Ralph P Ogden | Method and apparatus for quick freezing foods by direct immersion |
AT333320B (en) * | 1974-05-01 | 1976-11-10 | Air Prod & Chem | DEVICE FOR SPRAYING OBJECTS |
DE2613298A1 (en) * | 1976-03-29 | 1977-10-20 | Hazemag Andreas Kg | DEVICE FOR FREEZING OBJECTS |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19632731C2 (en) * | 1996-04-03 | 2000-08-24 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Process for the thermal treatment or recycling of waste materials containing organic components |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0627482A2 (en) | 1994-12-07 |
ATE163307T1 (en) | 1998-03-15 |
EP0627482A3 (en) | 1995-02-08 |
ES2112379T3 (en) | 1998-04-01 |
CN1096048A (en) | 1994-12-07 |
EP0627482B1 (en) | 1998-02-18 |
DE59308166D1 (en) | 1998-03-26 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
OM8 | Search report available as to paragraph 43 lit. 1 sentence 1 patent law | ||
8127 | New person/name/address of the applicant |
Owner name: BABCOCK KRAFTWERKSTECHNIK GMBH, 46049 OBERHAUSEN, |
|
8141 | Disposal/no request for examination |