DE4307831A1 - Binocular telescope with segment mirrors - has optics divided into two segments with two separate focal points, binocular bridges feeding picture to ocular units - Google Patents

Binocular telescope with segment mirrors - has optics divided into two segments with two separate focal points, binocular bridges feeding picture to ocular units

Info

Publication number
DE4307831A1
DE4307831A1 DE19934307831 DE4307831A DE4307831A1 DE 4307831 A1 DE4307831 A1 DE 4307831A1 DE 19934307831 DE19934307831 DE 19934307831 DE 4307831 A DE4307831 A DE 4307831A DE 4307831 A1 DE4307831 A1 DE 4307831A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
binocular
telescope
segments
bridges
focal points
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19934307831
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Detlef Koester
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE19934307831 priority Critical patent/DE4307831A1/en
Publication of DE4307831A1 publication Critical patent/DE4307831A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/16—Housings; Caps; Mountings; Supports, e.g. with counterweight
    • G02B23/18—Housings; Caps; Mountings; Supports, e.g. with counterweight for binocular arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
    • G02B17/02—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
    • G02B17/02—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system
    • G02B17/06—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror
    • G02B17/0605—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror using two curved mirrors
    • G02B17/0615—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror using two curved mirrors off-axis or unobscured systems in wich all of the mirrors share a common axis of rotational symmetry
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
    • G02B17/02—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system
    • G02B17/06—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror
    • G02B17/0605—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror using two curved mirrors
    • G02B17/0621—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror using two curved mirrors off-axis or unobscured systems in which not all of the mirrors share a common axis of rotational symmetry, e.g. at least one of the mirrors is warped, tilted or decentered with respect to the other elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/02—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices involving prisms or mirrors
    • G02B23/06—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices involving prisms or mirrors having a focussing action, e.g. parabolic mirror

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • Lenses (AREA)
  • Telescopes (AREA)

Abstract

With the telescope there is increased contrast and there is no shading of the radiation path. The telescope is double with fully identical optical values. By segmentation of the mirror (1a,1b) and unfolding the radiation path two separate radiation paths are formed. USE/ADVANTAGE - A binocular telescope which whilst using customary mirrors does not produce central shading and its focus is usable binocularly.

Description

Beim Gegenstand der Erfindung handelt es sich um ein optisch- visuelles sowie fotografisches Teleskop für die astronomische und terrestrische Beobachtung!The subject of the invention is an optically visual and photographic telescope for the astronomical and terrestrial observation!

Die in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Spiegelsysteme haben eines in ihrer normalen Ausführung gemeinsam:The mirror systems shown in the drawings have one in their normal execution together:

Der Fangspiegel (2) und dessen Halterung führt zu einer zentralen Abschattung (10) des Primärspiegels (1) und erzeugt somit störende Beugungseffekte!The secondary mirror ( 2 ) and its holder lead to a central shading ( 10 ) of the primary mirror ( 1 ) and thus produces disruptive diffraction effects!

Diese Beugungseffekte, die sich dem eigentlichen Bild überlagern, verschlechtern erheblich den Bildkontrast. Eine sehr nützliche technische Möglichkeit ist das binokulare Sehen (Detailerkennung mit beiden Augen).These diffraction effects, which overlay the actual image, significantly deteriorate the image contrast. A very A useful technical possibility is binocular vision (Detail recognition with both eyes).

Die Verbindung von binokularer Nutzbarkeit und einem abschattungsfreien optischen System stellt eine ideale Synthese dar!The combination of binocular usability and a shadow-free one optical system represents an ideal synthesis!

Eine reine Spiegeloptik liefert völlig apochromatische Bilder (frei von Farbfehlern). Es kommen nur reflektierende Flächen zur Anwendung.Pure mirror optics provide completely apochromatic images (free of color errors). Only reflective surfaces come to use.

Die Erfindung beinhaltet eine Lösung beider Probleme (abschattungsfreies und binokulares Sehen).The invention includes a solution to both problems (non-shadowing and binocular vision).

Durch Teilung des Primär- und Sekundärspiegels in jeweils zwei Segmente (1a, 2a/1b, 2b) und einer parallel dem Strahlengang entsprechenden Distanzierung ergeben sich zwei völlig identische optische Systeme (gleiche Brennweite etc.).By dividing the primary and secondary mirror into two segments ( 1 a, 2 a / 1 b, 2 b) and a distance corresponding to the beam path, two completely identical optical systems (same focal length etc.) result.

Nach Umbau sind die in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Systeme frei von optischer Abschattung (10) durch Fangspiegel (2) und Halterung. After conversion, the systems shown in the drawings are free of optical shadowing ( 10 ) by secondary mirror ( 2 ) and bracket.

Anhand mehrerer Feldversuche (Versuchsaufbauten) entstanden optisch erstklassige Teleskope.Based on several field trials (experimental setups) optically first-class telescopes.

Anhand der Zeichnungen werden der optische Aufbau und die konstruktive Abwandlung der verschiedenen Systeme dargestellt.Based on the drawings, the optical structure and the constructive modification of the different systems shown.

Bei den herkömmlichen Konstruktionen fällt der Bildkontrast - je nach Größe der Abschattung (10) durch den Sekundärspiegel (2) - bis auf Werte von 50 Prozent.In conventional constructions, the image contrast - depending on the size of the shade ( 10 ) through the secondary mirror ( 2 ) - drops to values of 50 percent.

Das Gregory-System (Zeichng. Bl. 1) ist ein Idealfall. Beim Gregory erhält man die volle Optikfläche abschattungsfrei (Zeichng. Bl. 8). Der erzielte Kontrast entspricht dem einer apochromatischen Refraktoroptik!The Gregory system (drawing sheet 1) is an ideal case. At the Gregory gets the full optical surface free of shading (Drawing Bl. 8). The contrast achieved corresponds to that of one apochromatic refractor optics!

Alle anderen Systeme (Zeichng. Bl. 3, 4, 5, 6) behalten ca. 80 Prozent des Kontrastes und der Auflösung der vollen Fläche (Zeichng. Bl. 8).All other systems (drawing sheets 3, 4, 5, 6) retain approx. 80 percent of the contrast and the resolution of the full area (Drawing Bl. 8).

Dieses liegt darin begründet, daß ein mittleres Segment durch den Schnitt (11) wegfällt. Es handelt sich hierbei also lediglich um eine leicht herabgesetzte Fläche mit hohem Kontrastverhalten.This is due to the fact that a middle segment is omitted through the cut ( 11 ). So this is just a slightly reduced area with high contrast behavior.

Die Form der beiden Segmente (1a, 1b, 2a, 2b) - Abweichung von der Kreisform - ist aufgrund umfangreicher Versuche nicht entscheidend für die Abbildungsqualität!The shape of the two segments ( 1 a, 1 b, 2 a, 2 b) - deviation from the circular shape - is not decisive for the image quality due to extensive tests!

Durch einfache Prismen bzw. Spiegelsätze (Zeichng. Bl. 7) sind beide Focalpunkte (3a, 3b) visuell sowie fotografisch gleichzeitig nutzbar!With simple prisms or sets of mirrors (drawing sheet 7) both focal points ( 3 a, 3 b) can be used visually and photographically at the same time!

Die Herstellung eines solchen neuen Systems ist kostengünstig und einfach zu realisieren. The manufacture of such a new system is inexpensive and easy to implement.  

Die Versuchsaufbauten wurden wie folgt erstellt:The test setups were created as follows:

Der Primärspiegel (1) sowie der Sekundärspiegel (2) wurden nach Schliff und Korrektur mittels eines Diamant-Sägeblattes (Schnittbreite 0,4 mm) in die endgültigen Segmente geteilt. Bei ausreichender Kühlung während des Sägevorganges ergaben sich keine thermischen Probleme!After grinding and correction, the primary mirror ( 1 ) and the secondary mirror ( 2 ) were divided into the final segments using a diamond saw blade (cutting width 0.4 mm). With sufficient cooling during the sawing process, there were no thermal problems!

Dann folgte der technisch übliche Weg der Aluminisierung.Then followed the technically usual way of aluminizing.

Die so entstandenen zwei kompletten Optiken (1a, 2a) oder (1b, 2b) wurden einzeln justiert, um dann parallel montiert zu werden.The resulting two complete optics ( 1 a, 2 a) or ( 1 b, 2 b) were individually adjusted in order to be installed in parallel.

Die Regulierung des Augenabstandes übernimmt focalseitig eine Binokularbrücke (Zeichng. Bl. 7) durch Drehung der Achsen (6). Fotografisch (Zeichng. Bl. 7) wird das Licht mittels Strahlenteiler (7) wieder vereinigt!A binocular bridge (drawing sheet 7) is used on the focal side to regulate the interpupillary distance by rotating the axes ( 6 ). Photographically (drawing sheet 7) the light is reunited by means of a beam splitter ( 7 )!

Erklärung der Kürzel in den Zeichnungen 1-8Explanation of the abbreviations in the drawings 1-8

1 Primärspiegel
2 Sekundärspiegel
3 Focalpunkt
4 Strahlenverlauf
5 Primärspiegelbohrung
6 Drehpunkte zur Regulierung des Augenabstandes
7 Strahlenteiler
8 Maksutow-Korrektionslinse
9 Schmidt-Cassegrain-Korrektionslinse
1a-1b Primärspiegelsegmente
2a-2b Sekundärspiegelsegmente
3a-3b Die beiden getrennten Focalpunkte
P2 Newton-Planspiegel
P Planspiegel 1 primary mirror
2 secondary mirrors
3 focal point
4 ray path
5 primary mirror hole
6 pivot points for regulating the eye relief
7 beam splitters
8 Maksutow correction lens
9 Schmidt-Cassegrain correction lens
1 a- 1 b primary mirror segments
2 a- 2 b secondary mirror segments
3 a- 3 b The two separate focal points
P2 Newton plane mirror
P plane mirror

Claims (2)

1. Oberbegriff:
Binokulares Teleskop auf Basis herkömmlicher Spiegelsysteme. Entwicklung einer Variante mit gesteigertem Kontrast und binokularer Nutzung!
Kennzeichnender Teil:
  • 1. Das Teleskop ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß keine Abschattung des Strahlenganges erfolgt.
  • 2. Es entsteht ein Doppelteleskop mit völlig identischen optischen Werten!
1. General term:
Binocular telescope based on conventional mirror systems. Development of a variant with increased contrast and binocular use!
Characteristic part:
  • 1. The telescope is characterized in that there is no shadowing of the beam path .
  • 2. A double telescope is created with completely identical optical values!
2. Oberbegriff des Unteranspruches:
Binokulares Teleskop nach Patentanspruch 1.
Kennzeichnender Teil des Unteranspruches:
Das Teleskop ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mittels Segmentierung der Spiegel und Auffaltung des Strahlenganges zwei voneinander getrennte Strahlengänge entstehen.
Es entfällt die zentrale Abschattung, und der Focus ist binokular nutzbar!2. General term of the subclaim:
Binocular telescope according to claim 1.
Characteristic part of the subclaim:
The telescope is characterized in that two separate beam paths are created by segmenting the mirrors and unfolding the beam path.
There is no central shading and the focus can be used binocularly!
DE19934307831 1993-03-12 1993-03-12 Binocular telescope with segment mirrors - has optics divided into two segments with two separate focal points, binocular bridges feeding picture to ocular units Withdrawn DE4307831A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19934307831 DE4307831A1 (en) 1993-03-12 1993-03-12 Binocular telescope with segment mirrors - has optics divided into two segments with two separate focal points, binocular bridges feeding picture to ocular units

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19934307831 DE4307831A1 (en) 1993-03-12 1993-03-12 Binocular telescope with segment mirrors - has optics divided into two segments with two separate focal points, binocular bridges feeding picture to ocular units

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE4307831A1 true DE4307831A1 (en) 1993-08-26

Family

ID=6482592

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE19934307831 Withdrawn DE4307831A1 (en) 1993-03-12 1993-03-12 Binocular telescope with segment mirrors - has optics divided into two segments with two separate focal points, binocular bridges feeding picture to ocular units

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE4307831A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2798477A1 (en) * 1999-09-10 2001-03-16 Centre Nat Etd Spatiales DEVICE FOR ACQUIRING STEREOSCOPIC IMAGES
WO2001067153A2 (en) * 2000-03-07 2001-09-13 Michel Paramythioti Aberration correcting optical relay for optical system, in particular mirror telescope

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4312560A (en) * 1979-10-09 1982-01-26 Hale Arthur H Binocular reflecting telescope

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4312560A (en) * 1979-10-09 1982-01-26 Hale Arthur H Binocular reflecting telescope

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Photonics Spectra, Okt. 1988, S. 159-166 *

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2798477A1 (en) * 1999-09-10 2001-03-16 Centre Nat Etd Spatiales DEVICE FOR ACQUIRING STEREOSCOPIC IMAGES
WO2001020385A1 (en) * 1999-09-10 2001-03-22 Centre National D'etudes Spatiales Device for acquiring stereoscopic images
US7031059B1 (en) 1999-09-10 2006-04-18 Centre National D'etudes Spatiales Device for acquiring stereoscopic images
WO2001067153A2 (en) * 2000-03-07 2001-09-13 Michel Paramythioti Aberration correcting optical relay for optical system, in particular mirror telescope
FR2806170A1 (en) * 2000-03-07 2001-09-14 Michel Paramythioti Abberation correcting optical relay for optical system such as reflector telescope has two convergent blocks with meniscus corrector between
WO2001067153A3 (en) * 2000-03-07 2002-02-28 Michel Paramythioti Aberration correcting optical relay for optical system, in particular mirror telescope
US6735014B2 (en) 2000-03-07 2004-05-11 Michel Paramythioti Aberration correcting optical relay for optical system, in particular mirror telescope

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Legal Events

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OAV Applicant agreed to the publication of the unexamined application as to paragraph 31 lit. 2 z1
OP8 Request for examination as to paragraph 44 patent law
8122 Nonbinding interest in granting licenses declared
8130 Withdrawal