DE4302359A1 - Visual aid - Google Patents

Abstract

The human eye, in particular in people over forty years of age, can adapt from bright to dark conditions and simultaneously accommodate to near vision only to an insufficient extent. The reverse is also the case. However, it is just this performance of the eye which is required when driving a motor vehicle, for constant change between viewing the bright carriageway with a long-distance adjustment of the eye and the near vision of the far darker instrument panel. To date, this problem has obviously not been sufficiently recognised and in consequence has not been taken into account by any visual aid. Although sunglasses reduce the risk of dazzling, they cause, however, the near-vision possibility of the eye to deteriorate in darker areas since the interval for adaptation is too large for simultaneous short-term accommodation. The eye is therefore not capable of simultaneously carrying out the two functions in an optimum manner. The visual aid according to the invention entirely solves this physiological problem by subdividing the field of vision for example of spectacles into an upper area (A) which has a lesser transparency for the brighter distant vision than the lower area (B) of said spectacles. At the same time, the lower area is optically adjusted to near vision according to individual requirements and therefore has, as a rule, a higher positive dioptre correction than the upper area. <IMAGE>

Description

The development of optical science has made it possible in the past centuries that human eyesight both expands as with pathological deviations improving from normal physiological values can be corrected.

As a result, have been artificial for centuries Visual aids are known in the form of face to face setting optical devices different ster form and function to improve vision ability, e.g. B. glasses, pince-nez, lorgnon, monocle, Adhesive shells, etc., which continue to improve steadily be fed.

Nevertheless, changing living conditions lead to professional features and the diverse and novel advanced technology not seldom to that the unarmed human eye No physiological requirements has grown more.

A key example of this is the common necessary simultaneous adjustment of the eye Differences in brightness and differences in distance. This usually requires several for the healthy eye Seconds, far too long in crucial situations ations in a high-tech world, such as B. at Driving a fast moving motor vehicle under inconsistent lighting conditions.

Even the normal-sighted eye has insufficient color skills in short-term adaptation and battery modation, so people with ametropia, even after external correction of the eye, in a little Accomodate closer range, which also the adaptation is additionally impaired.  

In particular, presbyopia is known draws from an accommodation restriction, in such a way that the so-called "near point", i.e. i. the shortest distance to which the uncorrected Eye willingly be focused can, with age-dependent natural laws keeps moving out.

For drivers, pilots, machine workers, Screen workers and many other professions with similar requirements in terms of eye physiology, this means that they are for closer distances a vision correction ("reading glasses") with plus diopter have to use, but this means seeing on large greater distances become blurred.

However, this can be done for a long time through visual aids with different degrees of correction (bifocal, Trifocal glasses) with abrupt or sliding Refractive index to be largely offset.

For drivers, pilots, etc., this becomes one however, optical aids are usually inadequate must, because with their job characteristics additional Lich a high difference in brightness between the darker near vision area for inside (Armatu renbrett) and the always brighter distant view to the outside (road, runway) what a quick adjustment of the eye required.

The healthy youthful eye is already such simultaneous accommodation and adaptation within half a second is very inadequate grown, so this is for the aged, pres byopic and optically corrected te eye no longer possible, or at least  not in sufficient time. This means that the driver etc. is already in his forties it is no longer possible alternately the traffic situation and the car Instruments clearly recognizable, so if this is nevertheless it is attempted during the seconds visual acuity gaps threatening the transition period arise.

The innovation described here solves this Problem, and comes with the presbyopic opposite eye (presbyopia), independent whether it's normal sight (emmetropic) or short was (or became) visible (myop). According to the invention this is achieved by having one in front of the eye additional visual aid (e.g. glasses) at the same time an optical one in corresponding sub-areas Correction and coloring of the optical medium whose upper part is always darker than the lower portion, which is usually corrected at close range. The transition from the colored upper part of the vision help to the lighter lower part can abruptly or kept flowing, straight or curvy his.

In practice, an example of the normal (emmetropic) eye, which at the same time pres is byopic that the upper portion of the visual aid (Glasses) is colored darker, without optically correct to act rigorous ("window glass") during the lower part of the same, however, a "reading glasses" like near vision correction contributes to higher or unrestricted light transmission.

This is the only way to make that possible  slightly presbyopic eye quickly enough from a bright distant view to much less bright Close-up view simultaneously accommodated and adapted can be.

The same applies analogously to the short-sighted or far-sighted eye, but always with the proviso that the lower part of the visual aid is translucent siger than the upper one.

The production of the new visual aid does not require technologies that are not previously known or would have been proven.

Daily use through routine wear the visual aid in road traffic meets one million times the need, since over 80 percent of the Be people suffer from various types of poor eyesight.

The safety of road traffic could do that follow to be significantly improved by the facilitating management of motor vehicles.

The implementation of the new visual aid preferably in the form of a conventional randlo shown glasses.

Two glasses are carried by a temple ( 1 ) and the nose bridge connecting them ( 2 ).

The glasses, made of optical glass or artificial glass (acrylic), are roughly horizontally divided in their function, the dividing line (C) being straight as drawn, or can be curvy.

The upper part (A), in the drawing by flat Dotted marks are darker colors or can be colored phototropically as the lower part (B).  

At the same time, the lower part is always visual corrected in more detail than the upper part, being the transition from the top to the bottom the visual aid both in terms of optical Refraction and quality like the coloring over can be smooth or continuous.

Only through the interaction of both conditions the advantage according to the innovation results against about the known.

Claims (5)

1. Visual aid in the form of an eye attachment in any type, shape and size (z. B. glasses, glasses attachment, pince-nez, adhesive shell), characterized in that their upper and lower portions have different optical correction (refractive index) and light transmission at the same time. 2. Visual aid according to claim 1, characterized shows that the upper part of the low lower plus diopter number or the higher Minus diopter number has as the lower An part, the latter, however, a higher light permeability. 3. Visual aid according to claim 1 and 2, characterized ge indicates that the less light transmission sige upper part is formed by itself tinted (phototropic) glass or synthetic glass. 4. Visual aid according to claim 1, 2, and 3, characterized characterized in that the less light casual upper part no optical correction causes. 5. Visual aid according to claim 1 to 4, characterized ge indicates that the transitions between their upper and lower parts both in optically as well as in the light permeability clearly separated or gradual merging into each other (fluent, ver running, linear or curvy are.