DE4301391A1

DE4301391A1 - Thermohydraulic process model computer

Info

Publication number: DE4301391A1
Application number: DE19934301391
Authority: DE
Inventors: Dieter Dr Vetterkind
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1993-02-10
Filing date: 1993-02-10
Publication date: 1994-08-11

Abstract

Published without abstract.

Description

Um ein autonom arbeitendes Modell thermohydraulischer Prozesse, die in einer realen thermischen Anlage stattfinden, zu erhalten, wird in dieser Ausarbeitung eine neue Container-Element-Physik verwendet. Diese Modellphysik ähnelt den zellularen Automaten, ist jedoch erweitert durch synergistische Mechanismen und einige physikalische Beziehungen.For an autonomously working model of thermohydraulic processes, that take place in a real thermal system, in this elaboration a new container element physics used. This model physics is similar to cellular automata, is, however, expanded by synergistic mechanisms and some physical relationships.

Mit Hilfe von Eigenschaftsdetektoren und numerischen Extraktoren werden erstens die Mikrowelt-Prozesse transformiert in Makrowelt- Prozesse, die dann durch selbstaufbauende Petri-Netze dargestellt werden und mit Hilfe von genetischen Algorithmen einer Evolution unterliegen.With the help of property detectors and numerical extractors First, the micro world processes are transformed into macro world Processes that are then represented by self-assembling Petri networks become and with the help of genetic algorithms Subject to evolution.

Zweitens gibt es als zusätzliche Information die wandernden Prozeßelemente, die die in der Container-Element-Physik laufenden Mikroprozesse zwecks Massen- und Wärmefluß und Transientenanalyse untersuchen.Second, there is the wandering as additional information Process elements that run in container element physics Microprocesses for mass and heat flow and transient analysis examine.

Aus den Petri-Netzen und der Fluß- und Transientenanalyse werden dann mit Hilfe eines Ziel-zerlegenden Aspektgenerators und der genetischen Generatoren und des kognitiven Prozeßnetzes autonom die Feststellung des Prozeßstatus, die Symptomerkennung, die Fehler- und Störungsdiagnose, die Prozeß-Prognose und die Empfehlungen von Gegenmaßnahmen zwecks Fehlerbegrenzung und Ersatzprozessen durchgeführt.The Petri networks and the flow and transient analysis become then with the help of a target decomposing aspect generator and the genetic generators and the cognitive process network autonomously the determination of the process status, the symptom recognition, the Error and fault diagnosis, the process forecast and the recommendations of countermeasures for error limitation and replacement processes carried out.

The micro world of container element physics

Alle physikalischen Container-Elemente wirken parallel entsprechend den Regeln der zellularen Automaten in diskreten Zeitschritten. Jeder der Container besetzt einen Platz in einem zwei- oder dreidimensionalen (quadratischen, Dreiecks- oder hexagonalen) Gitter bei einem Zeitschritt und kann sich entsprechend seinen adäquaten Nächste-Nachbarn-Regeln und auch entsprechend neuen synergistischen Regeln bewegen. Diese Synergie stammt aus den physikalischen Subelementen (Masse, Impulse, Energie, Druck), die jeden Container während eines Zeitschrittes in Abhängigkeit von seinem thermohydraulischen Zustand und von einigen wichtigen physikalischen Gesetzen füllen, die die Massen-, Impuls- und Energieerhaltung, die Flüssigkeits- und Dampf-Phasenübergänge, den Massen- und Wärmefluß, die Wärmequellen und -senken, das Druckverhalten, die Dichte und Kompressibilität von Wasser und Dampf sowie die Viskosität festlegen.All physical container elements work in parallel accordingly the rules of cellular automata in discrete Time steps. Each of the containers occupies a place in a two- or three-dimensional (square, triangular or hexagonal) grid at a time step and can according to its adequate nearest neighbor rules and also move according to new synergistic rules. This synergy comes from the physical sub-elements (Mass, impulses, energy, pressure) that each container during a time step depending on its thermohydraulic State and of some important physical Fill laws that preserve mass, momentum and energy, the liquid and vapor phase transitions, the mass and heat flow, the heat sources and sinks, the pressure behavior, density and compressibility of Determine water and steam as well as the viscosity.

So können die physikalischen Subelemente ihre Container auch verlassen und in Abhängigkeit von Diffusionsgesetzen (Wärme), Gesetzes des Phasenüberganges oder lokal-bedingten Transportgesetzen zu benachbarten Containern wandern. So the physical sub-elements can do their containers too abandoned and depending on diffusion laws (heat), Phase transition law or local transport laws hike to neighboring containers.

Micro-macro transformation with the help of detectors and extractors

Aus den in der Container-Element-Physik laufenden Mikroprozessen werden die zeitabhängigen Zustände, Übergänge, Bedingungen und numerischen Variablen detektiert und extrahiert mit Hilfe von vorprogrammierten Detektoren und Extraktoren. Diese Informationen werden verwendet, um adäquate Petri-Netze autonom aufzubauen.From the microprocesses running in container element physics the time-dependent states, transitions, conditions and Numeric variables are detected and extracted using preprogrammed detectors and extractors. This information are used to autonomously set up adequate Petri networks.

Process abstraction and diagnosis

Wie anhand seiner Konfiguration (Bild 1) gezeigt, werden im thermohydraulischen Modellrechner wichtige Makroprozeß-Abstraktionen durchgeführt mit Hilfe der Petri-Netze, verschiedener Fluß- und Transientenanalysen und Beobachtungen über Ein- oder Zweiphasen- Phänomene. Auf dieser Basis und mit Hilfe genetischer Algorithmen und eines "verstehenden" kognitiven Prozeßnetzes entwickelt der Modellrechner auf robuste Weise die erwünschten Diagnose-Ergebnisse und Erläuterungen.As shown by its configuration (Fig. 1), the thermohydraulic model calculator important macro process abstractions carried out with the help of Petri nets, various river and transient analyzes and observations via one or two phase Phenomena. On this basis and with the help of genetic algorithms and an "understanding" cognitive process network the model computer develops the desired ones in a robust way Diagnostic results and explanations.

Claims

1. The invention "thermohydraulic process model computer" is characterized in that the thermohydraulic process model computer consists of a sensible arrangement of the following computing modules: cellular container physics automat ( 1 ) (in which the container element physics as a physical model of the thermohydraulic processes expires), the preprogrammed detectors / extractors ( 2 ), the self-assembling Petri networks ( 3 ), the autonomous flow and transient analyzes ( 4 ), the phase change and phenomenon representation ( 5 ), the cognitive process network ( 6 ), the implementation of the genetic algorithms ( 7 ), the input / storage of targets / restrictions ( 8 ), the aspect generator ( 9 ), the generators ( 10 ) engaging in the cellular container physics automatons ( 1 ) and error generators ( 11 ) working in the cellular Contianer-Physik-Automaten ( 1 ) Searching and analysis tasks, migrating process elements ( 12 ), the calculation models ( 13 ) (for creation and representation of the process symptoms, process diagnoses, process forecasts and the effective countermeasures to be proposed), the input / preprocessing of the current or stored process data ( 14 ), the filter ( 15 ) for the process data, the computing module ( 16 ) for the Computationally justified derivation ( 17 ) of hypotheses about the processes and process disturbances actually taking place in the plant (compared to the modeled processes running in the container element physics in the cellular container physics automaton ( 1 )), the module ( 18 ) For the information of the operator or team operating the system and the synergy criteria ( 19 ) acting on the cellular container physics automat ( 1 ), see Figure 1.

2. The invention "thermohydraulic process model computer" is thereby characterized in that in a compared to conventional cellular Vending machines further developed, here container Physics automaton called itself "container elements" the grid points of a two- or three-dimensional (square, Triangular or hexagonal) grid can and are corresponding or similar to those in cellular Automatic neighborhood rules and / or accordingly new synergistic rules and / or accordingly special physical rules in discrete time steps can move along the grid points. In each these container elements are or can be are different physical sub-elements, namely Mass, momentum, energy, potential and pressure elements, which are present at every time step physical properties of the respective Symbolize containers element. With the help of this Container elements and the sub-elements they contain as well as with the cooperation of the neighboring container Elements and also with the help of new synergistic A "container element physics" can be structured in this way that thermohydraulic conditions and processes can be suitably modeled (see also Figure 2).

3. The invention "thermohydraulic process model computer" is characterized in that the cellular container physics automat ( 1 ) described according to A1 to A2 is executed in its topography in accordance with the real topography of the technical (eg thermal) system to be modeled . This means that the enclosures, internal internals, components (e.g. pipelines, containers, pumps and valves), the inlets and outlets and geodetic heights of the system and its components are correctly mapped in the cellular container physics machine and that the media in the system (liquids, vapors, gases, solids and chemicals) are also correctly displayed in the cellular container physics machine (see also Figure 3).

4. The invention "thermohydraulic process model computer" is characterized in that the contained in each container element of the A2 to A3 marked cellular container physics machine ( 1 ) and labeled A2 and A3 sub-elements depending on the given physical rules (z Diffusion rules) and / or depending on the new synergistic rules with another magazine either stay inside "their" container element and thus take part in keeping at rest or moving "their" container element in the grid (captivity of Sub-elements in their container element) or, on the other hand, certain sub-elements can "leave" their respective container element in order to jump into another (generally neighboring) container element (liberation as well as subsequent new assignment and captivity of sub-elements) or also in the case of synergistic Rules for the amalgamation of several (neighboring) container units elements for each supercontainer element now all sub-elements previously in the merged container elements are now together in the newly formed supercontainer element or not all sub-elements of the merged container elements are then in the newly formed supercontainer element , but instead some of these sub-elements merge into the interior of neighboring container elements or super container elements (see also Figure 4).

5. The invention "thermohydraulic process model computer" is characterized in that the container elements and supercontainer elements identified according to A2 to A4 are in accordance with the neighborhood rules, new synergistic rules and corresponding special physical rules in cellular container physics atmospheres ( 1 ) can move and thus represent media flows, i.e. liquid, steam, gas, chemical and solid flows (see also Figure 5).

6. The invention "thermohydraulic process model computer" is thereby characterized in that those marked according to A2 to A5 Container elements according to the physical rules of one time step to another phase transition can go through that in an affected container Element contained sub-elements depending on the type and number of the sub-elements either in different sub-elements can transform or even partially into the interior from other, mostly neighboring, container elements or Super container elements can pass over (see also picture 6).

7. The invention "thermohydraulic process model computer" is thereby characterized in that which are subject to a phase transition according to A6 Container elements due to the phase transition can suffer an increase in volume so that they more than one lattice point connected after the phase change occupy in the lattice room; then it is from one "Volume-enlarged container element" spoken (see also picture 7).

8. The invention "thermohydraulic process model computer" is thereby characterized in that the volume increased according to A7 Container elements according to physical rules can experience an inverse phase transition, so that as a result, fewer grid spaces (but at least occupy a grid position) than before the inverse phase transition. Provided there is only one grid space is occupied, then one no longer speaks of an enlarged Container element but again from a container Element (see also picture 8).

9. The invention "thermohydraulic process model computer" is thereby characterized in that the container- formed according to A2 to A8 Elements, enlarged container elements and super container Elements according to neighborhood rules, merge physical rules and synergistic rules can, to make even larger supercontainers Elements to form or according to these rules on the other hand Split super container elements again can be divided into several smaller super container elements or also in individual container elements and / or enlarged Container elements and / or super container elements (see also picture 9).

10. The invention "thermohydraulic process model computer" is characterized in that the supercontainer elements formed according to A2 to A9 in the cellular container physics machine ( 1 ) according to physical, synergistic and neighborhood rules, the shape of bubbles, drops, media clots, interfaces and can assume other structures typical for thermohydraulic states and processes and thus model the thermohydraulic structures, states and processes that arise in the real system appropriately (see also Figure 10).