DE4207727C2 - Pallet with elastic support - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a pallet with a Pallet floor, with the pallet floor supporting Pallet feet, with in the support area of the pallet lying damping elements and with a Damping elements sandwich-like recording.

A range of the type mentioned is from the DE-GM 87 15 413 become known. In the support area of the Pallet are between the pallet bottom and the Pallet feet glued flat or by means of Dovetail groove attached damping elements for Vertical shock absorption provided which, for. B. from Made of polyurethane foam. With the well-known palette sensitive goods can be transported, however, an easy replacement is the Damping elements not possible. At the fest glued damping elements is an exchange of Damping elements only when the Transport range possible, but also with the Dovetail groove is attached damping element only difficult to remove because of plastic Deformations during previous transports in generally lies in the grooves.  

In the range known from US 4,015,808 are on disc-shaped rubber buffers with a Mounting hole provided as damping elements, which on the pallet frame each by means of a bolt-like screwed stand are attached. A disadvantage of the known range is that Replace the rubber buffers of the stand completely must be screwed out of the frame.

A pallet has become known from US 4,359,948, which is composed of individual profile elements, the profile elements by means of a Tongue and groove plug-in systems are interconnected. Detachable damping elements attached in the support area are not provided.

The range known from DE-C 22 03 504 has a pallet floor with individual circular openings and truncated cone-shaped pallet feet, which in the Circular openings are inserted in the pallet bottom. Of the Pallet base and the pallet feet form in essentially a rigid unit, and the packaged goods stored directly on the pallet floor. The well-known pallet is for the transport of objects suitable that are insensitive to vibrations. If, on the other hand, sensitive products are to be transported, you must first use a shock absorbing Provide packaging and z. B. with known methods be foamed before they are on the pallet can be attached.  

However, today there is a requirement Saving packaging material or this to make it at least largely reusable. Especially the reuse of foam parts Transport packaging is very limited possible because such foam parts are often individual Device types are assigned, which on the one hand is a appropriate logistics for the return, on the other hand arise due to the comparative large volume of foam parts high transport costs.  

For pallets, the return and z. T. also the Reprocessing has been successful for many years practiced. Pallets work well when empty stack and allow a high packing density when Return transport.

The invention has for its object a pallet to improve so that the replacement of Damping elements is facilitated.

The problem is solved in that the Damping elements in the area of the recording Fastening holes with the Mounting holes to the outside of the Damping elements extending insertion slots which are located on the pallet, inserted through the recording, the damping elements fastening screws tightening against the receptacle are directed in such a way that the damping elements can be inserted laterally into the receptacle.

The advantage of the invention is essentially in that the replacement of the damping elements in is advantageously simplified in that they have a mounting hole and with a from the outside of the damping elements to Fastening hole running, insertion slot are provided as an insertion aid. The attachment of the Damping elements can be put through  Screw. With the insertion slot you can Damping elements laterally in a screw shaft inserted or pulled out without the inserted screw with which the Damping elements are attached, must be removed. An exchange of the damping elements can, for. B. be necessary if these have "settled" and no longer have the full spring stroke or if Damping elements with a different stiffness should be used.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are in the Subclaims specified.  

In an expedient embodiment of the pallet provided the first pallet feet with parallel to connect trending skirting boards and the Damping elements between the first pallet feet and the baseboards as receptacles for the To install damping elements. To replace the To facilitate damping elements, these are by means of Lock screws between the baseboards and the Pallet feet braced. When changing the Damping elements are first the lock screws loosened and then the damping elements laterally over the insertion slot from the screw shaft pulled out.

It may be advisable for the sensitive packaged goods Damping elements sandwiched between two Pallet shelves as receptacles for the damping elements to arrange. The damping elements are here preferably attached in the area of the pallet feet. It is also possible, the damping elements on the Pallet floor in a predetermined grid distribute or advantageously a homogeneous Plate made of damping material as a damping element use.

The damping elements are advantageously made of PE or PP foam made with a density, which consists of the mass and the nature, d. H. the shock sensitivity, the one to be transported Packaged goods results. So z. B. certain Maximum acceleration values are given that must not be exceeded for the packaged goods. The Properties of PE or PP foam are as Characteristic curve group summarized in so-called "cushion curves" and preferred determinations result from this for density.  

As a guideline for the density, z. B. for a packaged product with a mass between 100 kg and 150 kg a value of 65 kg / m ³ and for a mass between 50 kg and 75 kg a density of 35 kg / m ³ .

The damping elements are expediently as disk-shaped first buffer elements and / or as plate-shaped second buffer elements executed. At the pallet feet, e.g. B. between pallet feet and Skirting boards and on the foot adapter are preferred the first buffer elements attached; the second Buffer elements are preferred in the range of Pallet bottom used. But there are also Combinations of first and second buffer elements conceivable and first buffer elements on the pallet feet and second buffer elements on the pallet bottom.

A practical dimensioning for the first The buffer element is 70 millimeters in diameter and a thickness of 25 millimeters.

An embodiment of the invention is in the Drawing shown and explained in more detail below.

Show it:

Fig. 1 shows the top view of a first pallet,

Fig. 2 is a side view of the first pallet in the direction "A" of FIG. 1,

Fig. 3 is a partially sectioned side view of the first pallet in the direction "B" of FIG. 1,

Fig. 4 shows a first buffer member in the plan view,

Fig. 5, a first buffer member in the section DD of FIG. 4,

Fig. 6 is a side view of the first range in the detail C of FIG. 3,

Fig. 7 shows the top view of a second pallet,

Fig. 8 is a side view of the second pallet in the direction "E" of FIG. 7,

Fig. 9 is a side view of the second pallet in the direction "F" of FIG. 7,

Fig. 10 is a side view of the second range in a sectional view in the detail "G" of FIG. 9,

Fig. 11 shows the top view of a third range,

Fig. 12 is a side view of the third range in the direction "H" of FIG. 11,

Fig. 13 is a side view of the third range in the direction "I" of FIG. 11,

Fig. 14, a second buffer member in the plan view,

Fig. 15, a second buffer member in section KK of FIG. 14,

Fig. 16 is a side view of the third pallet of FIG. 12 with a second buffer element of Fig. 14.

Fig. 1 shows schematically a first pallet ( 1 ) with a first pallet bottom ( 2 ) in the plan. Fig. 2 illustrates a side view of the first pallet ( 1 ) in the direction of view "A" according to Fig. 1. The first pallet base ( 2 ) stands on first pallet feet ( 3 ), which over the first buffer elements ( 4 ) and bottom strips ( 5 ) rest on a pad ( 6 ). The first pallet feet ( 3 ) are firmly connected to the first pallet base ( 2 ). FIG. 3 shows a partially cut-away side view of the first pallet ( 1 ) in viewing direction "B" according to FIG. 1. The same components are identified by the same reference numerals from FIGS . 1 and 2.

The top view of a first buffer element ( 4 ) shown in FIG. 4 shows a radial first insertion slot ( 7 ) which runs towards a central first bore ( 8 ) in the first buffer element ( 4 ).

In FIG. 5 is a sectional view DD of FIG. 4 illustrates.

FIG. 6 shows a side view of the pallet ( 1 ) in the cutout "C" according to FIG. 3. The same components are identified by the same reference numerals from FIGS . 1 to 5. The first buffer element (4) is clamped by means of a first screw (9) between the bottom bars (5) and the first pallet feet (3). If the first buffer element ( 4 ) is now to be replaced, the first screw ( 9 ) is first loosened and then the first buffer element ( 4 ) is pulled out laterally via the first insertion slot ( 7 ) and a new first buffer element ( 4 ) is inserted again in the same way .

The first buffer elements ( 4 ) are made of PE or PP foam and have a diameter of 70 millimeters and a thickness of 25 millimeters. The density of the PE or PP foam to be used depends on the mass of the packaged goods. With a mass of approximately 100 kg to 150 kg, the density is approximately 65 kg / m ³ , with a mass of 50 to 75 kg, the density is approximately 35 kg / m ³ .

Fig. 7 shows the top view of a second pallet ( 10 ), with a second pallet base ( 11 ) and with second pallet feet ( 12 ), which are inserted directly into the second pallet base ( 11 ) and fixed by rotation. The second pallet ( 10 ) differs from the first pallet ( 1 ) in that the second pallet ( 10 ) has truncated cone-shaped, plastic pallet feet ( 12 ) which are inserted into corresponding circular openings in the second pallet base ( 11 ), while the first pallet ( 1 ), Fig. 1, can be a so-called "Euro pallet" made of wood.

FIG. 8 illustrates a side view of the second pallet ( 10 ) in viewing direction "E" according to FIG. 7, and FIG. 9 shows a side view of the second pallet ( 10 ) in viewing direction "F" according to FIG. 7. The second Pallet feet ( 12 ) are attached to the first buffer elements ( 4 ), FIG. 4, by means of a foot adapter ( 13 ), FIG. 8.

Fig. 10 shows the section "G" from Fig. 9 in section with the foot adapter ( 13 ), which comprises the first buffer element ( 4 ) in a pot shape and which is axially displaceable with a locking member ( 14 ) in an associated locking hole ( 15 ) on second pallet foot ( 12 ) is attached. The axial displaceability of the locking member ( 14 ) in the locking bore ( 15 ) is necessary because the first buffer element ( 4 ) deforms due to the static load and the dynamic load due to the impact load by the packaged goods, not shown in FIG. 7.

FIG. 11 schematically shows a third pallet ( 20 ) in top view and in FIGS. 12 and 13 the side views in the viewing direction "H" and "I" according to FIG. 11 are shown. Compared to the first pallet ( 1 ) according to FIGS. 1 to 3, the third pallet ( 20 ) additionally has a third pallet base ( 21 ) which is connected to the first pallet base ( 2 ) via the first buffer elements ( 4 ), the attachment the first buffer elements ( 4 ) according to the embodiment of FIG. 6. The first pallet feet ( 3 ) are fastened here directly to the base strips ( 5 ). The same components are designated with the same reference numerals in FIGS . 1 to 7.

As an alternative to the three first buffer elements ( 4 ) which can be seen in FIG . B. for higher transport weights, a plate-shaped second buffer element ( 22 ) can be used, as illustrated in FIG. 14. The second buffer element ( 22 ) has three second bores ( 24 ) with the associated second insertion slots ( 23 ).

FIG. 15 shows the sectional illustration KK according to FIG. 14.

FIG. 16 illustrates a side view of the third pallet corresponding to the view according to FIG. 12, but instead of the three first buffer elements ( 4 ) recognizable in FIG. 12 with a second buffer element ( 22 ). The use of the second buffer elements ( 22 ) facilitates a possible exchange of buffer elements, because instead of a total of nine first buffer elements ( 4 ), only three second buffer elements ( 22 ) now have to be replaced.

Claims (6)

1. Pallet with a pallet base, with the pallet base supporting pallet feet, with damping elements lying in the support area of the pallet and with a sandwich-like receptacle encompassing the damping elements, characterized in that the damping elements ( 4 , 22 ) in the region of the receptacle ( 5 , 3 , 2 , 21 ) have fastening bores ( 8 , 24 ) with insertion slots ( 7 , 23 ) which run from the fastening bores ( 8 , 24 ) to the outside of the damping elements ( 4 , 22 ) and which extend through the receptacle ( 5 , 3 , 2 , 21 ) inserted, the damping elements ( 4 , 22 ) against the receptacle ( 5 , 3 , 2 , 21 ) bracing fastening screws ( 9 ) are directed in such a way that the damping elements ( 4 , 22 ) laterally into the receptacle ( 5 , 3 , 2 , 21 ) can be inserted. 2. Pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that the receptacle is formed by the pallet feet ( 3 ) on the one hand and on the pallet feet ( 3 ) located bottom strips ( 5 ) on the other hand. 3. Pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that the receptacle is formed by two pallet bases ( 2 , 21 ). 4. Pallet according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the damping elements ( 4 , 22 ) consist of PE or PP rigid foam, the density for a mass of the packaged goods from 100 kg to 150 kg, preferably about 64 kg / m ³ and for a mass of 50 to 75 kg is preferably about 35 kg / m ³ . 5. Pallet according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the damping elements are designed as disk-shaped first buffer elements ( 4 ) and / or as plate-shaped second buffer elements ( 22 ). 6. Pallet according to claim 5, characterized in that the first buffer element ( 4 ) as a preferred embodiment has a diameter of 70 millimeters and a thickness of 25 millimeters.