DE4206789C1 - Seat frame and cushion squab in bus - are adjustably joined to seat back, pivot round rear axis on seat subframe and include deformation element at front - Google Patents
Seat frame and cushion squab in bus - are adjustably joined to seat back, pivot round rear axis on seat subframe and include deformation element at frontInfo
- Publication number
- DE4206789C1 DE4206789C1 DE4206789A DE4206789A DE4206789C1 DE 4206789 C1 DE4206789 C1 DE 4206789C1 DE 4206789 A DE4206789 A DE 4206789A DE 4206789 A DE4206789 A DE 4206789A DE 4206789 C1 DE4206789 C1 DE 4206789C1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- seat
- seat cushion
- frame
- cushion
- deformation element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000418 atomic force spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000266 injurious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
- B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
- B60N2/427—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash
- B60N2/42709—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash involving residual deformation or fracture of the structure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
- B60N2/242—Bus seats
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
- B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
- B60N2/4207—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats characterised by the direction of the g-forces
- B60N2/4214—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats characterised by the direction of the g-forces longitudinal
- B60N2/4221—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats characterised by the direction of the g-forces longitudinal due to impact coming from the front
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
- B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
- B60N2/4207—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats characterised by the direction of the g-forces
- B60N2/4214—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats characterised by the direction of the g-forces longitudinal
- B60N2/4228—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats characterised by the direction of the g-forces longitudinal due to impact coming from the rear
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
- B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
- B60N2/427—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash
- B60N2/42709—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash involving residual deformation or fracture of the structure
- B60N2/42718—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash involving residual deformation or fracture of the structure with anti-submarining systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
- B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
- B60N2/427—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash
- B60N2/42727—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash involving substantially rigid displacement
- B60N2/42736—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash involving substantially rigid displacement of the whole seat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
- B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
- B60N2/427—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash
- B60N2/42772—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash characterised by the triggering system
- B60N2/4279—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash characterised by the triggering system electric or electronic triggering
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Fahrzeugsitz, insbesondere für Omnibusse, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a vehicle seat, in particular for Buses, according to the preamble of claim 1.
Ein solcher Fahrzeugsitz dient zugleich als passives Rückhalteelement für den auf einem dahinter angeordneten Fahrzeugsitz sitzenden Passagier bei einem Unfall. Bei einem Fahrzeugaufprall und der damit verbundenen schlagartig extremen Fahrzeugverzögerung wird der nach vorn geschleuderte Passagier von der Rückenlehne des Fahrzeugsitzes aufgefangen. Die Aufprallkraft des Passagiers verursacht ein Drehmoment um die Schwenkachse, welches das Sitzhissen in Richtung Untergestell zu drehen sucht. Übersteigt die vom Drehmoment auf das Deformationselement aufgebrachte Kraft einen vorbestimmten Wert, so beginnt das Deformationselement definiert zu kollabieren, und das Sitzkissen schwenkt im vorderen Bereich unter Verzehr der Aufprallenergie in Richtung Untergestell. Der Passagier wird damit ohne allzu hohe, Verletzungen hervorrufende Kraftspitzen von der Rückenlehne des Vordersitzes zurückgehalten.Such a vehicle seat also serves as a passive one Retention element for the one arranged behind it Passenger seated passenger in an accident. At a Vehicle impact and the associated sudden extreme vehicle deceleration becomes the thrown forward Passenger caught by the backrest of the vehicle seat. The impact force of the passenger causes a torque around the swivel axis, which the seat hoist in the direction Tries to turn the base. Exceeds that of torque force applied to the deformation element predetermined value, the deformation element begins defined to collapse, and the seat cushion swivels in the front area consuming the impact energy in Towards the base. The passenger is without too much high, injurious force peaks from the Backrest of the front seat held back.
Bei einem bekannten Fahrzeugsitz dieser Art (DE 37 27 671 C2) ist das Deformationselement als ein von einem Mantel umgebener, energieabsorbierender Schaumstoff mit Befestigungsmöglichkeiten an dem Sitzkissen und dem Untergestell ausgebildet. Der Mantel weist Sollbiegestellen auf, die beim unfallbedingten Zusammendrücken des Schaumstoffes Faltlinien bilden. Ein solcher Deformationskörper baut die Aufprallenergie zunächst nur geringfügig ab, bis der Schaumstoff auf Block zusammengedrückt ist. Dann erfolgt eine hohe Energieaufnahme bei relativ stark ansteigendem Kraftniveau, so daß insgesamt der Energieabbau relativ ungleichmäßig über den zur Verfügung stehenden Deformationsweg erfolgt. Außerdem ist das Deformationsverhalten eines solchen Schaumstoffkörpers nur sehr schwierig zu berechnen und damit nicht leicht auf unterschiedliche Konstruktionsarten des Fahrzeugsitzes anzupassen.In a known vehicle seat of this type (DE 37 27 671 C2) is the deformation element as one of a shell surrounded, energy absorbing foam with Attachment options to the seat cushion and the Base frame trained. The jacket has predetermined bending points on when the accident-related compression of the Form foam lines. Such a Deformation bodies initially only build the impact energy slightly down until the foam on block is compressed. Then there is a high energy consumption with a relatively strong increase in force level, so that overall the energy degradation is relatively uneven across the available standing deformation path. Besides, that is Deformation behavior of such a foam body only very difficult to calculate and therefore not easy on different types of construction of the vehicle seat adapt.
Aus der DE 30 49 425 C3 sind Aufprallschutz-Bauteile zur irreversiblen Energieaufnahme bei Druckbelastung bekannt, die als längliche Hohlkörper mit einem Mantel aus mindestens einem Faseverbundwerkstoff-Strang ausgebildet sind. Ein solcher Hohlkörper besitzt ein annähernd konstantes Kraft- Weg-Diagramm, d. h. einen optimalen Energieabbau bei nahezu konstantem Kraftniveau. Solche Hohlkörper werden zur Abstützung der Stoßstange gegenüber den tragenden Karosseriestrukturen oder im Bereich der vorderen Längsträger der Fahrzeugs zur Absorption von Aufprallenergie eingesetzt.DE 30 49 425 C3 are impact protection components for known irreversible energy consumption under pressure, the as an elongated hollow body with a jacket of at least a strand composite material strand are formed. A such a hollow body has an approximately constant force Path diagram, d. H. an optimal energy reduction at almost constant force level. Such hollow bodies become Support the bumper against the load-bearing Body structures or in the area of the front Side member of the vehicle for the absorption of impact energy used.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Fahrzeugsitz der eingangs genannten Art so zu verbessern, daß bei Kollabieren des Deformationselements die Aufprallenergie bei möglichst konstantem Kraftniveau abgebaut wird. Der Energieabbau soll dabei einfach zu berechnen und auf die Bedürfnisse der speziellen Sitzkonstruktion einstellbar sein. The invention has for its object a vehicle seat to improve the type mentioned so that at Collapse of the deformation element contributes to the impact energy force level that is as constant as possible is reduced. The Energy degradation should be easy to calculate and based on the The needs of the special seat construction can be adjustable.
Die Aufgabe ist bei einem Fahrzeugsitz der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 definierten Gattung erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale im Kennzeichenteil des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The task in a vehicle seat is in the preamble of Claim 1 defined genus according to the invention by the Features solved in the characterizing part of claim 1.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugsitz erfolgt durch den Aufbau des Deformationselements aus mehreren zwischen Druckplatten in Achsrichtung eingespannten Hohlkörpern aus einem Faserverbundstoff der Energieabbau bei einem über den Deformationsweg konstanten Kraftniveau, so daß die Aufprallenergie des Passagiers optimal abgebaut wird. Die Verbindung zwischen dem Sitzkissenrahmen und dem Untergestell ist in Druckrichtung der Hohlkörper unwirksam, so daß sie nicht zu einer Veränderung des Kraftniveaus führt. Sie stellt lediglich eine bei intakten Hohlkörpern formsteife Verbindung zwischen Untergestell und Sitzkissenrahmen her und verhindert ein Zurückschwenken der Rückenlehne mit Abheben des Sitzkissens vom Untergestell bei Druckkrafteinwirkung auf die Anlehnfläche der Rückenlehne.In the vehicle seat according to the invention takes place through the Structure of the deformation element from several between Pressure plates clamped in the axial direction of hollow bodies a fiber composite the energy degradation at one over the Deformation path constant level of force, so that the Impact energy of the passenger is optimally reduced. The Connection between the seat cushion frame and the base is ineffective in the pressure direction of the hollow body, so that it does not lead to a change in strength level. She poses only a dimensionally stable connection with intact hollow bodies between the base and the seat cushion frame and prevented a swiveling backrest with lifting the Seat cushion from the base frame when pressure is applied to the Leaning surface of the backrest.
Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugsitzes mit zweckmäßigen Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den weiteren Patentansprüchen angegeben. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist an einer Stirnseite des Hohlkörpers eine außen umlaufende Fase von vorzugsweise 45° vorgesehen. Durch diese Fase wird zu Beginn des Kollabierens der Hohlkörper eine Spitzenlast, wie diese im Kraft-Weg- Diagramm in Fig. 4 zu sehen ist, vermieden.Advantageous embodiments of the vehicle seat according to the invention with expedient developments and refinements of the invention are specified in the further patent claims. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, an outer circumferential chamfer of preferably 45 ° is provided on an end face of the hollow body. This chamfer prevents a peak load at the beginning of the collapse of the hollow body, as can be seen in the force-displacement diagram in FIG. 4.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung werden die bevorzugt als zylindrische Rohre ausgeführten Hohlkörper aus mehreren Lagen eines Faserverbundwerkstoffes, vorzugsweise aus glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoff, gewickelt. Durch die Anzahl der aufgewickelten Lagen bei vorgegebener Axiallänge der Rohre läßt sich ein unterschiedliches Kraftniveau für das Kollabieren der Rohre einstellen.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention the hollow bodies, which are preferably designed as cylindrical tubes from several layers of a fiber composite material, preferably made of glass fiber reinforced plastic. By the number of layers wound at a given one Axial length of the pipes can be different Set the force level for the collapse of the pipes.
Die Erfindung ist anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen jeweils in schematischer Darstellung:The invention is based on one shown in the drawing Embodiment described in more detail below. It each show in a schematic representation:
Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht eines Omnibussitzes, Fig. 1 is a side view of a coach seat,
Fig. 2 jeweils eine vergrößerte Darstellung eines und 4 Ausschnitts des Omnibussitzes in Fig. 1 vor (Fig. 2) und nach (Fig. 4) einem Aufprall, Fig. 2 are each an enlarged view of a detail of the 1 and 4 omnibus seat in Fig. Before (FIG. 2) and after (Fig. 4) of an impact,
Fig. 3 eine vergrößerte Darstellung des Ausschnitts III in Fig. 2. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of detail III in Fig. 2.
Der in Fig. 1 in Seitenansicht schematisch skizzierte Fahrzeugsitz für einen Omnibus weist in bekannter Weise ein Sitzkissen 10 und eine Rückenlehne 11 auf, die in einem vorgebbaren, in der Regel individuell einstellbaren Anstellwinkel zum Sitzkissen fest mit diesem verbunden ist. Das Sitzkissen besteht üblicherweise aus einem Sitzkissenrahmen, der hier als Sitzschale 12 ausgebildet ist, und einem auf der Sitzschale 12 aufliegenden Sitzpolster 13. Die Sitzschale 12 sitzt auf einem Untergestell 14, das das Sitzkissen mit Rückenlehne 11 fest mit dem Fahrzeugboden 15 verbindet. Die Rückenlehne 11 des Fahrzeugsitzes dient zugleich als passives Rückhalteelement für einen Passagier, der auf dem in der Reihe hinter dem Fahrzeugsitz angeordneten weiteren Fahrzeugsitz sitzt, und soll diesen Passagier im Falle eines Frontalaufpralls des Fahrzeugs ohne Verletzungen abfangen, wozu der definierte Abbau der Aufprallenergie des Passagiers erforderlich ist. Zu diesem Zweck ist die Sitzschale 12 um eine zur Fahrtrichtung quer verlaufende Schwenkachse 16, die nahe dem in Fahrtrichtung gesehen hinteren Sitzkissenende angeordnet ist, schwenkbar am Untergestell 14 gehalten und am vorderen Sitzkissenende zwischen der Sitzschale 12 und dem Untergestell 14 ein Deformationselement 17 angeordnet. Bei Aufprall des Passagiers auf die Rückenlehne 11 wird dieses Deformationselement 17 auf Druck beansprucht und kollabiert unter Verzehr der Aufprallenergie auf die Rückenlehne 11 in definierter Weise.The vehicle seat for a bus schematically sketched in a side view in FIG. 1 has, in a known manner, a seat cushion 10 and a backrest 11 , which is firmly connected to the seat cushion at a predeterminable, generally individually adjustable angle of attack for the seat cushion. The seat cushion usually consists of a seat cushion frame, which is designed here as a seat shell 12 , and a seat cushion 13 resting on the seat shell 12 . The seat pan 12 is seated on a base frame 14 , which firmly connects the seat cushion with the backrest 11 to the vehicle floor 15 . The backrest 11 of the vehicle seat also serves as a passive restraint element for a passenger sitting on the further vehicle seat arranged in the row behind the vehicle seat, and is intended to intercept this passenger without injuries in the event of a frontal impact of the vehicle, for which purpose the defined reduction in the impact energy of the passenger is required. For this purpose, the seat shell 12 is pivotally held on the base frame 14 about a pivot axis 16 extending transversely to the direction of travel, which is arranged near the rear end of the seat cushion as viewed in the direction of travel, and a deformation element 17 is arranged on the front end of the seat cushion between the seat shell 12 and the base frame 14 . When the passenger collides with the backrest 11 , this deformation element 17 is subjected to pressure and collapses while consuming the impact energy on the backrest 11 in a defined manner.
Im einzelnen besteht das Deformationselement 17 aus einer Mehrzahl von gleichartigen, in Längsrichtung offenen Hohlkörpern 18 aus einem Faserverbundwerkstoff, die quer zur Fahrtrichtung nebeneinander äquidistant aufgereiht sind. Bevorzugt werden diese Hohlkörper 18 als Rohre mit kreisringförmigem Querschnitt ausgebildet und bestehen aus mehreren gewickelten Lagen eines glasfaserverstärkten Kunststoffs. Die Hohlkörper 18 können aber auch als Hohlquader mit quadratischem oder rechteckförmigem Ringquerschnitt ausgebildet werden. Die nebeneinander angeordneten Hohlkörper 18 stützen sich mit ihren Stirnflächen zwischen zwei Druckplatten 20 und 21 ab. Die Druckplatte 20 ist an der Sitzschale 12 und die Druckplatte 21 am Untergestell 14 befestigt. Beide Druckplatten 20, 21 sind gegen eine Relativverschiebung zueinander quer zur Fahrtrichtung gesichert. Die Druckplatten 20, 21 sind dabei so ausgebildet, daß eine von hinten auf die Rückenlehne 11 wirkende Druckkraft, die über die Schwenkachse 16 umgelenkt wird, die Hohlkörper 18 ausschließlich in Achsrichtung auf Druck beanspruchen.Specifically, the deformation element 17 consists of a plurality of similar hollow bodies 18 made of a fiber composite material, which are open in the longitudinal direction and are lined up equidistantly next to one another transversely to the direction of travel. These hollow bodies 18 are preferably formed as tubes with an annular cross section and consist of several wound layers of a glass fiber reinforced plastic. The hollow body 18 can also be designed as a hollow cuboid with a square or rectangular ring cross section. The end faces of the hollow bodies 18 arranged side by side are supported between two pressure plates 20 and 21 . The pressure plate 20 is attached to the seat shell 12 and the pressure plate 21 to the base frame 14 . Both pressure plates 20 , 21 are secured against a relative displacement to one another transversely to the direction of travel. The pressure plates 20 , 21 are designed so that a pressure force acting from behind on the backrest 11 , which is deflected via the pivot axis 16 , stress the hollow body 18 exclusively in the axial direction to pressure.
Wie in der vergrößerten Darstellung in Fig. 2 und 4 besser zu erkennen ist, sind bei intakten Hohlkörpern 18 (Fig. 2) die Sitzschale 12 und das Untergestell 14 über eine Spange 22 fest miteinander verbunden, so daß die Rückenlehne 11 mit damit fest verbundenem Sitzkissen 10 nicht in Fig. 2 im Uhrzeigersinn geschwenkt werden kann. Diese Spange 22 ist einerseits an der Druckplatte 20 befestigt und übergreift andererseits lose die Druckplatte 21 an deren von den Hohlkörpern 18 abgekehrten Außenseite. Durch die Kraft der Spange 22 werden die beiden Druckplatten 20, 21 an die Stirnseiten der Hohlkörper 18 angedrückt. Die durch die Spange 22 erfolgende Verbindung von Sitzkissen 10 und Untergestell 14 ist jedoch nur im Uhrzeigersinn in Fig. 2 und 4 wirksam. Kollabieren die Hohlkörper 18, wie dies in Fig. 4 schematisch angedeutet ist, so kann die Spange 22 nach unten ausweichen und bewirkt dadurch keine Veränderung der von den Hohlkörpern 18 bestimmten Kraft-Weg-Kennlinie des Deformationselements 17. Anstelle der Spange 22 können auch Drahtseile verwendet werden, die an den beiden Druckplatten 20, 21 oder an der Sitzschale 12 einerseits und am Untergestell 14 andererseits verspannt sind. In Fig. 3 ist die Kraft-Weg-Kennlinie für zwei verschiedene, als Rohre ausgebildete Hohlkörper 18 dargestellt. Wie zu sehen ist, ist über den gesamten Deformationsweg der Hohlkörper 18 eine nahezu konstantes Kraftniveau vorhanden, das lediglich am Anfang eine kleine Kraftspitze aufweist. Das Deformationsverhalten des gesamten Deformationselements 17 zeigt damit den gleichen prinzipiellen Kraftverlauf über den Verformungsweg.As can be seen better in the enlarged representation in FIGS. 2 and 4, with intact hollow bodies 18 ( FIG. 2) the seat shell 12 and the base frame 14 are firmly connected to one another via a clip 22 , so that the backrest 11 is firmly connected to it Seat cushion 10 cannot be pivoted clockwise in FIG. 2. This clasp 22 is fastened on the one hand to the pressure plate 20 and, on the other hand, loosely engages over the pressure plate 21 on its outside facing away from the hollow bodies 18 . Due to the force of the clip 22 , the two pressure plates 20, 21 are pressed against the end faces of the hollow body 18 . The connection of the seat cushion 10 and the base frame 14 which takes place through the clasp 22 is only effective in the clockwise direction in FIGS. 2 and 4. If the hollow bodies 18 collapse, as is indicated schematically in FIG. 4, the clasp 22 can deflect downward and thus does not change the force-displacement characteristic curve of the deformation element 17 determined by the hollow bodies 18 . Instead of the clasp 22 it is also possible to use wire ropes which are braced on the two pressure plates 20 , 21 or on the seat shell 12 on the one hand and on the base frame 14 on the other hand. In Fig. 3, the force-displacement curve is shown for two different tubes designed as hollow body 18. As can be seen, an almost constant force level is present over the entire deformation path of the hollow body 18 , which only has a small force peak at the beginning. The deformation behavior of the entire deformation element 17 thus shows the same basic force profile over the deformation path.
Zum Abbau der Kraftspitze zu Beginn des Verformungsweges der Hohlkörper 18 ist an der einen Stirnseite jeder der Hohlkörper 18 eine außen umlaufende Fase 23 angebracht, wie sie in Fig. 3 zu sehen ist. Durch diese Fase 23 kann auch die Anfangskraftspitze weitgehend auf das übrige Kraftniveau reduziert werden. To reduce the peak force at the start of the deformation path of the hollow body 18 on the one end side of each of the hollow body 18 is attached to an outer circumferential chamfer 23, as seen in Figure 3.. Through this chamfer 23 , the initial force peak can also be largely reduced to the remaining force level.
Die Wirkungsweise des Fahrzeugsitzes als Rückhalteelement für den hinteren Sitzpassagier ist wie folgt:The mode of operation of the vehicle seat as a retaining element for the rear seat passenger is as follows:
Durch die bei Frontalaufprall des Fahrzeugs schlagartig auftretende extreme Fahrzeugverzögerung wird der hinter dem Fahrzeugsitz sitzende Passagier gegen die Rückenlehne 11 des Fahrzeugsitzes geschleudert. Die in Fahrtrichtung wirkende Aufprallkraft des Frontpassagiers wird von hinten in die Rückenlehne 11 eingeleitet, über die Schwenkachse 16 umgelenkt und wirkt als axiale Druckkraft über die Druckplatte 20 auf die Hohlkörper 18. Diese kollabieren mit einer in Fig. 5 dargestellten Kraft-Weg-Kennlinie, wodurch die Aufprallenergie bei nahezu konstantem Kraftniveau definiert abgebaut wird. Wie schon erwähnt, ist der die Druckplatte 21 übergreifende Schenkel der Spange 22 nicht mit dieser verbunden, so daß die Spange 22 in ihrer Gesamtheit zusammen mit der Sitzschale 12 nach unten ausweicht. Am Ende des Vorgangs sind die Hohlkörper 18 zusammengebrochen, wie dies in Fig. 4 schematisch angedeutet ist. Zur Weiterverwendung muß der Fahrzeugsitz mit einem neuen Deformationselement 17 bestückt werden.As a result of the extreme vehicle deceleration which occurs suddenly in the event of a frontal impact, the passenger sitting behind the vehicle seat is thrown against the backrest 11 of the vehicle seat. The impact force of the front passenger acting in the direction of travel is introduced from behind into the backrest 11 , deflected via the pivot axis 16 and acts as an axial compressive force on the hollow body 18 via the pressure plate 20 . These collapse with a force-displacement characteristic curve shown in FIG. 5, as a result of which the impact energy is reduced in a defined manner at an almost constant force level. As already mentioned, the leg of the clasp 22 which overlaps the pressure plate 21 is not connected to the latter, so that the clasp 22 in its entirety, together with the seat shell 12, dodges downward. At the end of the process, the hollow bodies 18 have collapsed, as is indicated schematically in FIG. 4. For further use, the vehicle seat must be fitted with a new deformation element 17 .
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4206789A DE4206789C1 (en) | 1992-03-04 | 1992-03-04 | Seat frame and cushion squab in bus - are adjustably joined to seat back, pivot round rear axis on seat subframe and include deformation element at front |
| CH00539/93A CH687607A5 (en) | 1992-03-04 | 1993-02-22 | Vehicle seat. |
| ITRM930126A IT1261202B (en) | 1992-03-04 | 1993-03-01 | IMPROVEMENT IN VEHICLE SEATS. |
| FR9302383A FR2688177B1 (en) | 1992-03-04 | 1993-03-02 | VEHICLE SEAT COMPRISING A DEFORMATION ELEMENT AS PROTECTION FOR THE PASSENGER SITTING BEHIND IN THE EVENT OF A COLLISION. |
| AT0039593A AT404921B (en) | 1992-03-04 | 1993-03-03 | VEHICLE SEAT |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4206789A DE4206789C1 (en) | 1992-03-04 | 1992-03-04 | Seat frame and cushion squab in bus - are adjustably joined to seat back, pivot round rear axis on seat subframe and include deformation element at front |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE4206789C1 true DE4206789C1 (en) | 1993-02-11 |
Family
ID=6453195
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4206789A Expired - Fee Related DE4206789C1 (en) | 1992-03-04 | 1992-03-04 | Seat frame and cushion squab in bus - are adjustably joined to seat back, pivot round rear axis on seat subframe and include deformation element at front |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT404921B (en) |
| CH (1) | CH687607A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4206789C1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2688177B1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1261202B (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4230670A1 (en) * | 1992-09-14 | 1994-03-17 | Deutsche Aerospace Airbus | Upholstery module for aircraft seat - incorporates shock absorber having plastically deformable element |
| DE4437243A1 (en) * | 1994-10-18 | 1996-04-25 | Prettl Rolf | Pedestal for omnibus seat |
| DE19513873A1 (en) * | 1995-04-12 | 1996-10-17 | Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag | Accident protection for buses |
| DE19544425C2 (en) * | 1995-11-29 | 2003-03-27 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Swivel bracket, in particular for supporting a vehicle seat |
| DE19756252B4 (en) * | 1996-12-17 | 2005-02-17 | Aisin Seiki K.K., Kariya | vehicle seat |
| CN103640500A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2014-03-19 | 好孩子儿童用品有限公司 | Damping device of automobile seat |
| CN103640501A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2014-03-19 | 好孩子儿童用品有限公司 | Energy absorption and shock damping device for child car seat |
| CN107960068A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2018-04-24 | 提爱思科技股份有限公司 | Vehicle seat unit |
| DE102017116727B4 (en) | 2016-07-25 | 2023-01-12 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Seat assembly with energy absorber |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10822091B2 (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2020-11-03 | Bombardier Inc. | Passenger seat for aircraft |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3727671C2 (en) * | 1987-08-19 | 1989-06-01 | Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft, 7000 Stuttgart, De |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1371788A (en) * | 1963-04-04 | 1964-09-11 | Shock absorber and impact energy device for vehicles | |
| CA1107769A (en) * | 1978-05-10 | 1981-08-25 | Henry E. Wilson | Composite fibrous tube energy absorber |
| US4336868A (en) * | 1978-05-10 | 1982-06-29 | Textron, Inc. | Composite fibrous tube energy absorber |
| DE2844628A1 (en) * | 1978-10-13 | 1980-04-24 | Daimler Benz Ag | SEAT FOR VEHICLE |
| DE3049425C2 (en) * | 1980-12-30 | 1991-09-05 | Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München | Impact protection component |
| GB2134211B (en) * | 1983-01-31 | 1986-06-04 | Nat Res Dev | Kinetic energy absorber |
-
1992
- 1992-03-04 DE DE4206789A patent/DE4206789C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-02-22 CH CH00539/93A patent/CH687607A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-03-01 IT ITRM930126A patent/IT1261202B/en active IP Right Grant
- 1993-03-02 FR FR9302383A patent/FR2688177B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-03-03 AT AT0039593A patent/AT404921B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3727671C2 (en) * | 1987-08-19 | 1989-06-01 | Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft, 7000 Stuttgart, De |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4230670A1 (en) * | 1992-09-14 | 1994-03-17 | Deutsche Aerospace Airbus | Upholstery module for aircraft seat - incorporates shock absorber having plastically deformable element |
| DE4437243A1 (en) * | 1994-10-18 | 1996-04-25 | Prettl Rolf | Pedestal for omnibus seat |
| DE4437243C2 (en) * | 1994-10-18 | 1998-07-02 | Prettl Rolf | Omnibus seat |
| DE19513873A1 (en) * | 1995-04-12 | 1996-10-17 | Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag | Accident protection for buses |
| DE19544425C2 (en) * | 1995-11-29 | 2003-03-27 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Swivel bracket, in particular for supporting a vehicle seat |
| DE19756252B4 (en) * | 1996-12-17 | 2005-02-17 | Aisin Seiki K.K., Kariya | vehicle seat |
| CN103640500A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2014-03-19 | 好孩子儿童用品有限公司 | Damping device of automobile seat |
| CN103640501A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2014-03-19 | 好孩子儿童用品有限公司 | Energy absorption and shock damping device for child car seat |
| CN103640500B (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2016-02-10 | 好孩子儿童用品有限公司 | Automotive seats shock absorption device |
| CN107960068A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2018-04-24 | 提爱思科技股份有限公司 | Vehicle seat unit |
| CN107960068B (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2020-11-06 | 提爱思科技股份有限公司 | Seat unit for vehicle |
| DE102017116727B4 (en) | 2016-07-25 | 2023-01-12 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Seat assembly with energy absorber |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ITRM930126A1 (en) | 1994-09-01 |
| ITRM930126A0 (en) | 1993-03-01 |
| FR2688177B1 (en) | 1998-07-24 |
| FR2688177A1 (en) | 1993-09-10 |
| IT1261202B (en) | 1996-05-09 |
| ATA39593A (en) | 1998-08-15 |
| AT404921B (en) | 1999-03-25 |
| CH687607A5 (en) | 1997-01-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8100 | Publication of patent without earlier publication of application | ||
| D1 | Grant (no unexamined application published) patent law 81 | ||
| 8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
| 8327 | Change in the person/name/address of the patent owner |
Owner name: DAIMLER-BENZ AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, 70567 STUTTGART, |
|
| 8327 | Change in the person/name/address of the patent owner |
Owner name: DAIMLERCHRYSLER AG, 70567 STUTTGART, DE |
|
| 8327 | Change in the person/name/address of the patent owner |
Owner name: DAIMLERCHRYSLER AG, 70327 STUTTGART, DE |
|
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |