DE4140218A1 - Storing energy of braking of electrically driven vehicles - supplying electrical power from current supply system, e.g. overhead lines installed at travel track, and using stored energy for starting and acceleration - Google Patents
Storing energy of braking of electrically driven vehicles - supplying electrical power from current supply system, e.g. overhead lines installed at travel track, and using stored energy for starting and accelerationInfo
- Publication number
- DE4140218A1 DE4140218A1 DE4140218A DE4140218A DE4140218A1 DE 4140218 A1 DE4140218 A1 DE 4140218A1 DE 4140218 A DE4140218 A DE 4140218A DE 4140218 A DE4140218 A DE 4140218A DE 4140218 A1 DE4140218 A1 DE 4140218A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- energy
- braking
- vehicle
- acceleration
- starting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L9/00—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/30—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power stored mechanically, e.g. in fly-wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60M—POWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60M3/00—Feeding power to supply lines in contact with collector on vehicles; Arrangements for consuming regenerative power
- B60M3/06—Arrangements for consuming regenerative power
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
- H02J15/007—Systems for storing electric energy involving storage in the form of mechanical energy, e.g. fly-wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und die zugehörige technische Realisierung zur ortsfesten Speicherung der Ener gie, die durch Abbremsen von elektrisch angetriebenen Fahr zeugen des Personennahverkehrs an den planmäßigen Haltepunk ten anfällt, sowie zur Verwendung der gespeicherten Energie zur Beschleunigung des Fahrzeugs oder der Fahrzeuge. Ziel der Erfindung ist die deutliche, über das bekannte Maß hinaus gehende Einsparung von Antriebsenergie für Fahrzeuge des öffentlichen Personennahverkehrs und damit eine deutliche Verringerung der Umweltbelastung in den Ballungszentren sowie eine entsprechende Senkung der Betriebskosten.The invention relates to a method and the associated Technical implementation for the permanent storage of the energy gie by braking electrically driven driving witness the local public transport to the scheduled stopping point ten arises, as well as the use of the stored energy to accelerate the vehicle or vehicles. target the invention is the clear, beyond the known measure going saving of drive energy for vehicles of the public transport and thus a clear Reducing environmental pollution in metropolitan areas as well a corresponding reduction in operating costs.
Vorrichtungen zur Rückgewinnung der kinetischen Energie beim Abbremsen von Fahrzeugen sind nach verschiedenen Prinzipien bekannt. Elektroloks oder Straßenbahnen z. B. speisen einen Teil der abzubauenden kinetischen Energie in ihre Fahrstrom netze zurück. Auch sind mechanisch angetriebene Schwungrad speicher bekannt, die stets im Fahrzeug installiert sind. Diese Techniken haben bereits beachtliche Energieeinsparungen (z. B. beim Stadtbus von ca. 15%) erbracht. Die rückgewonnene Bremsenergie wird dabei in einem Speichersystem, z. B. in einem Schwungradspeicher, im Fahrzeug gespeichert und zur Wiederbe beschleunigung des Fahrzeugs eingesetzt. Eine Einspeisung der Bremsenergie in das öffentliche Leitungsnetz ist bekannt und hat den entscheidenden Nachteil, daß das öffentliche Netz nicht zu jedem Zeitpunkt entsprechend aufnahmebereit ist. Die Speiche rung der Bremsenergie im Fahrzeug hat jedoch mehrere Nachteile: Die gesamte Masse des Schwungradspeichers mitsamt den Rege lungs- und Übertragungseinrichtungen muß im Fahrzeug mitge führt werden, also auch bei jedem Anfahrvorgang translato risch mitbeschleunigt werden. Dies erfordert einen erhöhten Energiebedarf. Die Integration im Fahrzeug bewirkt außerdem höheren Raumbedarf im Fahrzeug, der allen Bestrebungen in Richtung Niederflurbus mit niedrigem durchgehend ebenen Boden entgegensteht. Ferner stellt ein im Fahrzeug installierter Schwungradspeicher im voll aufgeladenen Zustand im Falle eines Unfalls ein ganz erhebliches Gefahrenpotential für Fahrgäste und Umwelt dar. Weiterhin ist bei technischen Störungen am Speichersystem das gesamte Fahrzeug zwecks Reparatur aus dem Einsatz zu nehmen.Devices for the recovery of the kinetic energy in Braking vehicles are based on different principles known. Electric locomotives or trams e.g. B. dine one Part of the kinetic energy to be dissipated in their traction current nets back. Also are mechanically driven flywheels known memory that are always installed in the vehicle. These techniques already have considerable energy savings (e.g. with the city bus of approx. 15%). The recovered Braking energy is stored in a storage system, e.g. B. in one Flywheel storage, stored in the vehicle and for re-use acceleration of the vehicle used. A feed of the Braking energy in the public grid is known and has the crucial disadvantage that the public network does not is always ready to take pictures. The spoke However, braking energy in the vehicle has several disadvantages: The entire mass of the flywheel storage together with the rain Communication and transmission facilities must be included in the vehicle are carried out, i.e. also with each start-up process translato be co-accelerated. This requires an increased Energy requirements. The integration in the vehicle also has an effect higher space requirements in the vehicle, which all efforts in Towards the low-floor bus with a low, level floor opposes. Furthermore, one installed in the vehicle Flywheel storage in the fully charged state in the event of a Accident is a very significant hazard for passengers and the environment Storage system the entire vehicle for repair from the To take action.
Diese Nachteile lassen sich durch die erfindungsgemäße Neue rung zumindest für diejenigen elektrisch betriebenen Nah verkehrsmittel, die in kürzeren Abständen planmäßig Halte punkte anfahren, beseitigen. Die Neuerung betrifft daher vorzugsweise z. B. U- und S-Bahnen, aber auch Elektrobusse (Trolleys). Besonders vorteilhaft wirkt sich die Erfindung im Falle der Stadtbusse dann aus, wenn diese über eigene Busspuren verfügen. Angesichts der Umweltprobleme in unseren Städten ist mit der verstärkten Einführung solcher elektrisch angetriebener Busse in Zukunft zu rechnen.These disadvantages can be overcome by the new invention tion at least for those electrically powered local means of transport that stop at shorter intervals Approach points, eliminate them. The innovation therefore affects preferably z. B. U- and S-Bahn, but also electric buses (Trolleys). The invention has a particularly advantageous effect in the case of city buses, if they have their own Have bus lanes. Given the environmental problems in our Cities is electric with the increased introduction of such powered buses in the future.
Die Erfindung sieht vor, daß in einem Bahnhof oder in einem ausgewählten Haltepunkt in entsprechend gesicherten Räumen ein oder mehrere magnetdynamische Speicher 1 vorhanden sind. Ein Speicher 1 besteht aus einem Rotor und einem permanent erregten Elektromotor/-generator und ist Stand der Technik, hinzu kommen Steuer- und Regeleinrichtungen 2 und die notwen digen Stromleitungen 3. Der oder die Speicher 1 sind über die Steur- und Regeleinrichtungen und die Oberleitung bzw. die Stromversorgungsleitung 4 oder Stromschienen mit dem Fahrzeug verbunden.The invention provides that one or more magneto-dynamic memories 1 are present in a station or in a selected stopping point in appropriately secured rooms. A memory 1 consists of a rotor and a permanently excited electric motor / generator and is state of the art, in addition there are control and regulating devices 2 and the necessary power lines 3 . The memory or stores 1 are connected to the vehicle via the control and regulating devices and the overhead line or the power supply line 4 or busbars.
Beim Einfahren in den Speicherbahnhof gibt der Zug seine abzubremsende kinetische Energie, die durch den generato rischen Betrieb der Antriebsmaschine des Fahrzeugs in elek trische Energie umgewandelt wird, über die Leitungen 4 und 3 und die Regel- und Steuersysteme 2 an den magnetdynamischen Speicher 1 ab, d. h., die Schwungmasse des Rotors wird ent sprechend der verfügbaren Energie beschleunigt. Beim Wieder anfahren des Zuges oder Busses wird über den generatorischen Betrieb des Speicherantriebs die Rotationsenergie des Rotors wieder in elektrische Energie umgewandelt und über die Regel- und Steuereinrichtung 2 und über die Leitungen 3 in den An triebsmotor des Fahrzeugs eingespeist, bis der Speicher seine Beladungsuntergrenze erreicht hat. Der Restbedarf für die Be schleunigung des Fahrzeugs sowie für die Überwindung von Luft- und Rollwiderständen wird aus dem Fahrstromnetz Zuge speist. Diese Zuspeisung kann entweder direkt aus dem Netz in das Fahrzeug geschehen oder aber über den Speicher er folgen, von wo aus dann der Energiefluß wie beschrieben ab läuft. Die letztgenannte Variante hat den Vorteil einer ein facheren Versorgung aus dem Netz, aber auch den Nachteil des schlechteren Gesamtwirkungsgrades, da dabei die elek trische Energie über den Speicher fließen muß und damit Ver luste anfallen. Jedes der verwendeten Elemente für sich ist, bis auf die Steuerung und Regelung des Gesamtsystems, Stand der Technik. When entering the storage station, the train releases its kinetic energy to be braked, which is converted into electrical energy by the generator operation of the vehicle's engine, via lines 4 and 3 and the regulating and control systems 2 to the magneto-dynamic memory 1 , that is, the flywheel mass of the rotor is accelerated according to the available energy. When the train or bus starts up again, the rotational energy of the rotor is converted back into electrical energy via the regenerative operation of the storage drive and is fed into the drive motor of the vehicle via the regulating and control device 2 and the lines 3 until the storage reaches its lower loading limit Has. The remaining demand for accelerating the vehicle and for overcoming air and rolling resistance is supplied by the traction current network. This feeding can either be done directly from the network into the vehicle or he can follow it via the memory, from where the energy flow then runs as described. The latter variant has the advantage of a simpler supply from the network, but also the disadvantage of poorer overall efficiency, since the electrical energy must flow through the memory and thus losses are incurred. Each of the elements used is state of the art, apart from the control and regulation of the overall system.
Damit ein abbremsender Zug die zurückgewonnene Bremsenergie nicht - wie bei der Bundesbahn z. T. üblich - zur allgemeinen Verfügbarkeit in das Fahrstromnetz zurückspeist, wird das Stromversorgungsnetz z. B. einer Buslinie oder einer U-Bahn- Linie bei erfindungsgemäßer Ausgestaltung in Blöcke einge teilt. Dadurch wird sichergestellt, daß die abgegebene Ener gie in einem abgegrenzten System bleibt. Die Art der Zusam menfassung der Bahnhöfe oder Haltestellen zu Blöcken hängt von den Entfernungen s der Haltepunkte voneinander und ins besondere von der Zug- bzw. Fahrzeugfrequenz ab.So that a braking train the recovered braking energy not - as with the Bundesbahn z. T. usual - for general Feeds availability back into the traction current network Power supply network z. B. a bus line or a subway Line in blocks in the inventive design Splits. This ensures that the energy released gie remains in a delimited system. The type of together the station or bus stops to form blocks from the distances s of the breakpoints from each other and ins particular on the train or vehicle frequency.
Das erfindungsgemäße ortsfeste Energiespeichersystem hat den Vorteil, daß es nicht bei jedem Anfahrvorgang mitbeschleunigt werden muß, wie dies bei Systemen mit Bremsenergierückgewin nungsanlagen, z. B. in Stadtbussen, der Fall ist. Dadurch kann eine beachtliche Gewichtseinsparung und damit Energieeinspa rung im Betrieb erzielt werden. Ferner wird bei der erfindungs gemäßen Einrichtung kein Platz im Fahrzeug für Speicher erfor derlich, so daß der Fahrzeugboden (Niederflurfahrzeug) und der Gesamtaufbau des Fahrzeugs optimal für die Fahrgastnutzung ge staltet werden kann. Außerdem entfällt das Gefahrenpotential im Fahrzeug und außerhalb des Fahrzeugs, das von einem mitge führten Speicher ausgeht.The stationary energy storage system according to the invention has the Advantage that it does not accelerate with every start must be, as is the case with systems with brake energy recovery systems, e.g. B. in city buses, the case is. This can considerable weight savings and thus energy savings tion can be achieved. Furthermore, the invention no space in the vehicle for storage required derlich, so that the vehicle floor (low-floor vehicle) and the Overall structure of the vehicle is optimal for passenger use can be designed. In addition, the hazard potential is eliminated in the vehicle and outside the vehicle, which is led memory runs out.
Zur Bewertung des ortsfesten magnetdynamischen Energiespei chers sind die Energiebilanz und die Kostenrechnung maßgebend. Aus der Energiebilanz ergibt sich als Beispiel für einen S- Bahn Zug mit 6 Gliedern und 384 000 kg Gesamtmasse und einer Nenngeschwindigkeit von 70 km/h sowie bei praxisnahen Annah men für Streckenabschnitte, Zugfrequenz und Tagesbetriebsdauer, einen aus der Bremsenergie rückgewinnbaren Energiebetrag von 65,8% der erforderlichen Beschleunigungsenergie. Das heißt, daß nur noch 34,2% der Energie bei dem erfindungsgemäßen System erforderlich wird gegenüber dem konventionellen Sy stem und somit eine Energieeinsparung von ca. 66% erreich bar ist. Dabei wurde von real zu erwartenden Wirkungsgraden ausgegangen. Luft- und Rollwiderstände wurden bei dieser gro ben Betrachtung vernachlässigt. Neben den Umweltgesichtspunk ten hat das System entscheidende Kostenvorteile insbesondere dann, wenn die Randbedingungen für die Energieversorgung sich deutlich ändern werden. Dies ist mittelfristig zu erwarten und dann werden Systeme mit geringem Energiebedarf und um weltfreundlichem Betrieb erforderlich.For the evaluation of the stationary magnet dynamic energy storage The energy balance and cost accounting are decisive. The energy balance is an example of an S- Train train with 6 links and 384 000 kg total mass and one Nominal speed of 70 km / h and with practical assumption for route sections, train frequency and daily operating time, an amount of energy recoverable from the braking energy of 65.8% of the required acceleration energy. This means, that only 34.2% of the energy in the invention System is required compared to the conventional Sy stem and thus achieve an energy saving of approx. 66% is cash. Efficiency levels that were actually to be expected were used went out. Air and rolling resistance were great with this neglected consideration. In addition to the environmental point of view The system has decisive cost advantages in particular then when the boundary conditions for the energy supply change will change significantly. This can be expected in the medium term and then systems with low energy requirements and around environmentally friendly operation required.
Unter Berücksichtigung der Investitionskosten, der heute gültigen Energiekosten (hier wurden 0,2 DM/KWh angesetzt) und des Kapitaldienstes ergibt sich rechnerisch für das er findungsgemäße System eine Kostenreduktion für den Betreiber von ca. 25%, wobei die Kapitaldienstkosten mit 10% angesetzt wurden. Bei einer zu erwartenden deutlichen Erhöhung der Ener giekosten werden die Vorteile entsprechend höher ausfallen.Taking into account the investment costs of today valid energy costs (0.2 DM / KWh were used here) and the capital service arises arithmetically for that system according to the invention a cost reduction for the operator of approx. 25%, whereby the capital service costs are set at 10% were. If the ener is expected to increase significantly casting costs, the benefits will be correspondingly higher.
Je nach Speichergröße und Strompreisen kann es sinnvoll sein, alle vorhandenen Speichersysteme vor Beginn des täglichen Fahrbetriebes mit billigem Nachtstrom voll hochzufahren.Depending on the storage size and electricity prices, it may make sense all existing storage systems before the start of the day Driving operation with cheap night electricity to fully ramp up.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4140218A DE4140218A1 (en) | 1991-12-06 | 1991-12-06 | Storing energy of braking of electrically driven vehicles - supplying electrical power from current supply system, e.g. overhead lines installed at travel track, and using stored energy for starting and acceleration |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4140218A DE4140218A1 (en) | 1991-12-06 | 1991-12-06 | Storing energy of braking of electrically driven vehicles - supplying electrical power from current supply system, e.g. overhead lines installed at travel track, and using stored energy for starting and acceleration |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE4140218A1 true DE4140218A1 (en) | 1993-06-09 |
Family
ID=6446411
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE4140218A Withdrawn DE4140218A1 (en) | 1991-12-06 | 1991-12-06 | Storing energy of braking of electrically driven vehicles - supplying electrical power from current supply system, e.g. overhead lines installed at travel track, and using stored energy for starting and acceleration |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE4140218A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19823233A1 (en) * | 1998-05-25 | 1999-12-02 | Asea Brown Boveri | Supplying power to vehicles operated by direct current |
DE102009035263A1 (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2011-02-03 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Device for supplying electrical power to rail-bound vehicle, has energy storage devices storing electricity and delivering stored electricity into power supply network with respect to electrical power requirement of vehicle |
-
1991
- 1991-12-06 DE DE4140218A patent/DE4140218A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19823233A1 (en) * | 1998-05-25 | 1999-12-02 | Asea Brown Boveri | Supplying power to vehicles operated by direct current |
DE102009035263A1 (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2011-02-03 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Device for supplying electrical power to rail-bound vehicle, has energy storage devices storing electricity and delivering stored electricity into power supply network with respect to electrical power requirement of vehicle |
DE102009035263B4 (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2015-10-22 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Electrical power supply of a rail-bound vehicle |
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8130 | Withdrawal | ||
8165 | Publication of following application cancelled |