DE4120267A1 - METHOD FOR OPERATING A DEVICE FOR DELIVERING A LIQUID MEDICAL TREATMENT SUBSTANCE TO A BODY TO BE TREATED, AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD - Google Patents

Abstract

A process is disclosed for operating a device (1) for administering a medical therapeutic liquid to a body to be treated by means of a cylinder-piston unit provided with a hollow needle. A vacuum chamber (16) is arranged in the cylinder-piston unit behind the rear point of the needle, the anterior front wall (19) of the vacuum chamber (16) is pierced by the needle when the movable part (4) of the cylinder-piston unit is moved forwards, the therapeutic liquid is sucked in, then pressed out of the vacuum chamber (16) when the movable part (4) of the cylinder-piston unit is further moved forward.

Description

The invention relates to a method and a device device according to the preamble of claim 1.

It is used to inject a liquid medical treatment usual in a body to be treated, a so-called Use a syringe in the form of a cylinder-piston unit. A such cylinder-piston unit consists of a front closed by a front wall hollow cylinder and one of the back of the piston which can be inserted into the hollow cylinder delimit a cylinder space through an end wall penetrating hollow needle towards the front end of the cylinder is open. Before an injection, the treatment substance must first be sucked into the cylinder space. For this the piston if necessary, and the needle tip is in the ge desired treatment material dipped. Then the piston closes withdrawn, due to the resulting in the cylinder space Vacuum of the treatment material is sucked in. After that, after  a usual ventilation of the cylinder space by the injection Inserting the needle tip into the body and advancing the Piston in the cylinder. The injection can be carried out perform a one-handed operation, the cylinder with two Fingers held by the hand and the flask inserted with the thumb is pushed. Such one-handed operation is when sucking in of the treatment substance not possible. In this case, the Be serviceman use both hands while holding the cylinder hold one hand and the piston with the other hand pull back.

A syringe described above can not only be used for injection use a treatment substance, but also for taking egg liquid, especially from the body to be treated, e.g. B. for taking blood. For this purpose, when the col insert the needle into the blood vessel, and then through retracting the plunger with two-hand operation the blood sample sucked into the cylinder chamber.

The two-hand operation makes both hands of the treatment person availed. This is undesirable.

In order to avoid two-hand operation, one has gone over to to use so-called spray ampoules, in which an ampoule with the Treatment agent is integrated into the syringe and therefore a Sucking the treatment material into the cylinder space is not necessary. Such a spray ampoule is e.g. B. in DE-OS 38 23 266 be wrote. In this known embodiment, the spray forms ampoule the cylinder of the cylinder-piston unit.

To make handling easier when taking blood, are Devices have been developed in which instead of the piston an evacuated suction container from behind into the hollow cylinder is pushed. The suction container is so far for taking blood advanced that its front bulkhead from the rear end of the Needle is pierced. This can cause the vacuum in the Propagate the needle, which causes the Blu tes into the vacuum container. Such blood sampling beforehand direction is z. B. in US-PS 47 58 231 and in WO 89/04 678  described. These known blood collection devices are suitable not for use as a syringe because no way consists of the liquid in the vacuum container from the Push out the vacuum container. Consequently, the in is also suitable described in these publications for the removal of Blood does not deliver a liquid to the person to be treated Body.

The invention is based, a method and a task To further develop devices of the types specified at the outset, that one-hand operation is guaranteed.

This object is solved by the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are in the Unteran sayings described.

In the solutions according to the invention is both for sucking in Treatment substance in the cylinder space as well as for its delivery the cylinder-piston unit on the body to be treated single Lich in the forward positive direction beat. This can be easier and easier to use Done by one-hand operation. This is for a konta Mination-free treatment of a human or animal Body of great importance. It must also be taken into account that it is a device of the present type Mass product, so that the demand for one if possible given low manufacturing costs and material consumption is. These requirements are also met by the invention Device met in an advantageous manner.

The further claims contain features that relate to the The problem solutions described above contribute to simple, small constructive and inexpensive to manufacture designs and further sealing and protecting the device both improve before and after use. In addition, ge ensures that the pre-use can be reused after use direction is excluded. One according to these characteristics designed device represents a so-called single-use syringe.

The invention is based on preferred embodiments approximately examples and a simplified drawing tert. Show it

Figure 1 shows a device according to the invention in axial longitudinal section.

Figures 2 and 3, the device in different functional positions.

Figure 4 shows a device according to the invention in a modified embodiment in axial longitudinal section.

Fig. 5 tion positions to 8, the apparatus of Figure 4 in different radio.

Fig. 9 shows a device according to the invention in a further modified embodiment in axial longitudinal section.

The main parts of the so-called medical syringe depicting device 1 are a hollow cylinder 2 , which is closed at its front end by an end wall 3 and is open at its rear end, a piston 4 which can be inserted into the hollow cylinder 2 from the rear and thereby is guided with its outer circumferential surface 5 on the inner circumferential surface 6 of the hollow cylinder 2 and which defines a cylinder space 7 with the hollow cylinder 2 , and a hollow needle 8 which axially penetrates the end wall 3 of the hollow cylinder 2 and is thereby fixed in an axial through hole 9 of a needle holder 11 is used, which is integrally formed on the inside on the end wall 3 and is formed by a tubular connecting piece 12 and which extends axially into the vicinity of the rear end of the hollow cylinder 2 centrally in the cylinder space 7 . On the outside of the end wall 3 is integrally formed in extension of the inner socket 12, a short tubular outer socket 13 , which the needle 8 protrudes forward by the required insertion length. The needle 8 is sharpened on both the front and the rear, with its rear end projecting beyond the rear end of the inner connector 12 by a few millimeters. On the Außenstut zen 13 , a hollow cylindrical protective cap 14 is placed for the outwardly projecting portion of the needle 8 , which is closed at its front end. The free edge 15 on the back clampingly overlaps the outer connector 13 .

The hollow cylinder 2 , the piston 4 , the protective cap 14 , the needle 8 and the nozzle 12 , 13 are preferably cut from a circular cross.

The piston 4 is formed by a vacuum container 16 which is closed on the rear by a bottom wall 17 and is sealed and sealed on the front by a sealing insert 19 sealingly into its hollow cylindrical peripheral wall 18 .

The sealing insert 19 is provided with a hollow cylindrical peripheral wall 21 and a bottom wall 22 of cup-shaped, wherein the peripheral wall 21 projects from the bottom wall 22 to the front and wall in the deployed position approximately with the front edge of the periphery 18 of the vacuum vessel 16 closes. To improve the seal, a clamping ring 23 is arranged coaxially in the region of the front end of the vacuum container 16 , the outer diameter of which is dimensioned a few millimeters smaller than the inner diameter of the vacuum container 16 , the clamping ring 23 being arranged in the peripheral wall 18 and the latter between the Clamping ring 23 and the peripheral wall 21 of the vacuum container 16 is clamped radially. To further improve the seal, one or more locking beads or annular lips can be seen on the inner and outer surface of the peripheral wall 21 , on the inner wall of the peripheral wall 18 and / or on the outer wall of the clamping ring 23 . At its front edge, the clamping ring 23 has an outwardly projecting flange 25 which bears against the front end face of the vacuum container 16 . The sealing insert 19 consists of a soft elastic material such as plastic or rubber.

The mode of operation of the device and the method for dispensing a liquid treatment substance to an in particular human or animal body are described below. The device 1 is in the starting position shown in FIG. 1, in which the piston 4 or the vacuum container 16 is in its rear end position, in which its front end surrounds the hollow cylinder 2 for a short distance. This position can be marked by a pressure point. This is achieved by one or two annular beads 26 on the inner jacket surface 6 of the hollow cylinder 2 in its rear end region and one or two annular beads 27 on the outer jacket surface 5 of the vacuum container 16 in its front end region, the annular bead 27 of the vacuum container 16 in the above-described initial position is located between the annular beads 26 of the Hohlzy Linders 2 . As a result, the pressure point or a certain overpressurable locking is given. In this functionally ready starting position, the protective cap 14 is removed and the front needle tip is immersed in the liquid to be injected into the body, which can be kept ready, for example, in an ampoule. The treatment person holding the device 1 between their on the back of the Vakuumbehäl ters 16 pressing thumb and two other fingers that engage two from the back end of the hollow cylinder 2 opposite to each other outwardly extending support arms 29 and exert a rearward-facing back pressure. The vacuum container 16 is pushed in until the rear needle tip pierces the bottom wall 22 of the sealing insert 19 and the liquid is sucked into the vacuum container 16 automatically due to the negative pressure. Thereafter, the vacuum vessel 16 can this be ventilated ent in a conventional manner by further insertion, the sealing insert 19 is abutted against an image formed by the rear end of the needle holder 11 abutment 31 and the sealing insert 19 inserted into the hollow cylinder 2 pushed or the vacuum container 16 on the sealing insert 19 is pushed on ( Fig. 2). There is then the injection by setting the needle 8 and further insertion of the vacuum container 16 , wherein the vacuum container 16 further pushed over the insert device 19 and the liquid is expressed by the needle 8 .

In order to prevent its further use after the use of the device 1 , the hollow cylinder 2 and the vacuum container 16 are dimensioned so long that their rearward ends approximately complete in the inserted position ( FIG. 3). It is then no longer possible to pull out the vacuum container 16 .

A means can also be provided which, although inserting the vacuum container 16 ben, does not permit the same to be withdrawn. This can be achieved by interlocking teeth 32 , 33 ( Fig. 1) on the inner circumferential surface 6 of the hollow cylinder 2 and the outer circumferential surface 5 of the vacuum container 16 , at least one of which can be sawtooth-shaped that retraction of the vacuum container 16 is blocked.

The above-described measures are achieved with handling-friendly one-hand operation only by forward insertion movements of the vacuum container 16 . Retraction of the vacuum container 16 , as is the case with known syringes, in order to draw in the treatment liquid, is not necessary and is also not possible if a suitable retraction lock is present.

The device 1 is also suitable for removing an optional liquid, e.g. B. a body fluid such as blood. For this purpose, the vacuum container 16 after inserting or immersing the needle 8 need only be pushed in until the needle 8 pierces the sealing insert 19 , in which case the liquid and the filling of the vacuum container 16 are automatically carried out by suction. The vacuum container 16 can then be pulled out of the hollow cylinder 2 to the rear and serve as a transport container for the liquid removed.

Are provided in the embodiment of the device 1 according to FIGS. 4 to 8, wherein the same or similar parts the same reference numerals, is the needle 8 from an initial position, in which it is withdrawn into the hollow cylinder 2, after use in extended position back into the hollow cylinder 2 retractable. This is achieved by a telescoping of the Nadelhal age 11 or inner socket 12 and a coupling option between rule's vacuum container 16 and the rear end region of the Na delhalters 11 , through which the rear telescopic part of the needle holder 11 by means of a at the rear end of the Vakuumbehäl age 16 preferably in one piece molded pull handle 33 can be retracted so far that the needle 8 is substantially in the hollow cylinder 2 . The pull handle 33 consists of three extending in the longitudinal direction, star-shaped radially on ordered, at their mutually associated longitudinal edges miteinan the connected webs 33 a and a towering front plate 33 b at the rear end.

In particular, the needle holder 11 consists of a front and a rear telescopic part 11 a, 11 b. The rear telescopic part 11 b has a cup-shaped, open to the front shape with a circumferential wall 34 and an abutment 31 forming bottom wall 35 , which is penetrated by the needle 8 in a hole and sits firmly and immovably on the needle 8 . The rear telescopic part 11 b is dimensioned inside so large that it is axially displaceable with movement play on the front Te leskopteil 11 a, and dimensioned outside so large that its rear end in the flange 25 and the clamping ring 23 is preferably difficult to dive . At the front edge of the rear telescopic part 11 b locking hooks 36 are arranged, which are elastically bendable radially inwards and whose locking lugs protrude radially outwards. The locking hooks 36 can be immersed in a manner to be described through a hole 37 in a locking disk 38 and lock behind the edge of the hole. The locking disk 38 is in the starting position according to FIG. 4 at a short distance from the end wall 3 of the hollow cylinder 2 . The clamping ring 23 and the needle holder 11 are formed in their mutually facing end regions so that the clamping ring 23 is stiff, z. B. in the sense of a pressure point in the edge area on the rear telescope part 11 b can be pushed. As a result, a thrust force is exerted on the rear Te leskopteil 11 b during the initial advancement of the piston 4, which shifts it into the position shown in FIG. 5, in which the latching hook 36 latch in the hole 37 . The bottom wall 22 should not yet abut the rear needle tip.

The aforementioned coupling between the vacuum container 16 and the rear telescopic part 11 b is preferably formed by a latching, the one or two having an axial distance from each other, on the outer surface of the telescopic part 11 b to ordered, optionally annular locking elements 39 , preferably in the form of a has forward-facing sawtooth that interacts with the preferably sawtooth-shaped inner rear edge 41 of the clamping ring 23 .

In this embodiment, the flange 25 of the clamping ring 23 is fastened to the peripheral wall 18 in order to be able to transmit a retraction force. Preferably used for this purpose projects from the flange 25 ring wall 25 a with an inner shoulder, which is engaged in an outer groove in the peripheral wall 18 , whereby a locking 25 b is formed.

In this embodiment, since the needle 8 can be retracted into the hollow cylinder 2 , the protective cap 42 can be made short. It is preferably a double protective cap with a common central protective cap base 43 . While one end of the protective cap 42 has a hollow cylindrical shape, at the other end, namely at the front end in FIG. 4, sawtooth-shaped latching elements 42 a are preferably provided, which can be locked in a non-releasable manner in a latching annular groove 44 in the peripheral surface of the outer socket 13 ( Fig. 8).

In this embodiment, a hollow cylindrical protective cap 45 is also provided to cover the hollow cylinder 2 on the back. The protective cap 45 covers the vacuum container 16 and the pull handle 33 , and its free edge is clamped between the vacuum container 16 and the hollow cylinder 2 .

To use this apparatus 1, the caps 42 and 45 removed, and then by hand operation accordingly to the first embodiment, first the needle 8 into its operating position shown in Fig. 5 partly pushed out of the Hohlzylin of 2 forward. For this purpose, a forward-facing pressure is exerted on the pull handle 33 , the vacuum container 16 pushing the rear telescopic part 11 b into its foremost position, in which the locking hooks 36 snap behind the locking disk 38 . Then, the needle tip in the treatmen is immersed lung liquid and the vacuum vessel 16 is advanced to the position shown in Fig. 6, in which the rückwär term needle tip, bottom wall 22 pierces the sealing insert 19 and the clamping ring 23 so far b slid onto the rear Tele skopteil 11 is that the latter abuts the bottom wall 17 and the abutment 31 bil det here in this position. From this position, the vacuum container 16 can be vented, as usual, by following it slightly. Subsequently, after the needle 8 has been set, the injection of the liquid automatically sucked in after the piercing into the vacuum container 16 can take place, the vacuum container 16 being pushed in further, the sealing insert 19 being released from its holder, clamping or latching, and the vacuum container 16 , the front end position shown in FIG. 7 is displaced via the sealing insert 19 , the treatment liquid being expressed through the needle 8 . In the fully inserted end position, the locking element or elements 39 lock behind the rear edge 41 of the clamping ring 23 . After the injection, the pull handle 33 of the vacuum container 16 is pulled back into the position according to FIG. 8 by pulling on the back of the projecting handle 33 , in which the needle 8 is located in the hollow cylinder 2 . In this case, the locking disk 38 is also retracted into its locking position according to FIG. 8 by the latching hooks 36 , in which, due to its forward concave curvature, it is jammed on the inner wall of the cylinder 2 when the piston 4 is pushed forward again and thus pushed forward or out again locks. A high level of security against reuse of the device 1 and protection of the medical personnel against injury by an infected needle 8 are thus created.

To illustrate the above-described functional positions of the vacuum container 16 can be provided on the inner circumferential surface 6 of the hollow cylinder 2 and the outer circumferential surface 5 of the vacuum container 16 further with the ring beads 26 , 27 comparable ring beads 26 a, 27 a, the pushable pressure or locking points in each case define the associated functional position, in particular in the injection-ready position according to FIG. 6 and in the retracted position according to FIG. 8. To improve the displaceability of the needle 8 in the stationary telescopic part 11 a, it is advantageous to have at least two inner beads 11 c in its end regions to provide that guide the needle 8 . A liquid-tight seal between the hollow cylinder 2 and the vacuum container 16 is not required.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 9, in which a vacuum container is preferably used, the device 51 is of a different construction. Here, a hollow cylinder 52 is provided, the end wall 53 of which is located at the rear end and which, with its front end open, can be pushed onto the rear end of a rod-shaped needle holder 55 forming a stationary piston 54 . The hollow needle 56 sits in the existing central axial through hole 57 of the needle holder 55 and protrudes with its front end by a larger amount and with its rear end by a smaller amount from the needle holder 55 .

When a vacuum container 58 is realized, the sealing insert 59 , which is plug-shaped here, is at a distance a from the front end of the hollow cylinder 52 , this end in the illustrated starting position engaging over the rear end of the needle holder 55 by the dimension b without tilting. To manually spürba ren definition of this initial position is between the Hohlzy linder 52 and the needle holder 55, a überschiebbare locking provided, formed by a on the outer surface 61 of the Na delhalters 55 locking ring 62 and a him at least partially receiving groove in the inner peripheral surface of the Hohlzy Linders 52 is formed. In this initial position, the rear needle tip dips into a central recess 63 in the sealing insert 59 which is open at the front, so that a tapered wall 64 faces it on the rear. For axial locking, a latch 65 is provided for the sealing insert 59 , which is formed by a locking ring on the outer surface of the Dichtungsein set 59 and a locking groove receiving it in the inner wall of the hollow cylinder 52 .

In the approximately central region of the hollow cylinder 52 , a flange 66 is formed thereon. A comparable flange 67 is formed in the front region of the needle holder 55 on its outer surface. The flanges 66 , 67 serve to hold a package in the form of a protective cap 68 , which can be plugged on from the front and with a tapered cap section 69, the protruding needle 56 and with a step-widened cap section 71, the needle holder 55 engages at a radial distance in each case , with the rear end of the protective cap 68 projecting slightly beyond the flange 66 to the rear. To lock the protective cap 68 in its attached position, locking projections 72 can be formed on its inner wall, which engage one of the two flanges 66 , 67 in the attached position of the protective cap 68 , preferably before the rear flange 66 . The protective cap 68 has a divergent conical shape toward the rear in order to make it easy to attach. The flanges 66 , 67 are dimensioned differently in terms of their diameter. In its attached position, the flange 66 lies with its circumferential surface close to the inner surface of the protective cap 68 , which in a simple manner provides excellent protection for the device 51 against contamination. The one or more locking projections 72 may also form stops for the one or more flanges 66 , 67 , at which the push-on position of the protective cap 68 can be limited with radial clamping action against the flanges 66 , 67 .

Functionally, the device 51 corresponds to the previously described exemplary embodiments. Here too, there is an automatic suction of the treatment liquid after piercing the sealing wall 64 and injecting the treatment liquid by moving the hollow cylinder 52 or vacuum container 58 in only one direction, namely by moving it forward. During this displacement, the locking is suppressed of the sealing insert 59 65, so that here tung use of the log is able th 58 to slide on the inner wall of the vacuum container 59, wherein, after stop of the Dichtungseinstzes 59 forming against an abutment 73 needle holder 55 of the Vakuumbehäl ter 58 via the sealing insert 59 is pushed.

For the non-releasable locking of the vacuum container 58 in its fully pushed-open, foremost position, a sawtooth-shaped locking ring 74 is provided on the mantle surface of the needle holder 55 in the front region thereof, which locks into the existing locking groove on the inner wall of the vacuum container 58 and retraction of the vacuum container and thus prevents further use of the device 1 .

With the exception of the sealing insert 19 or 59 , which is preferably made of soft elastic rubber, and the needle 8 or 56 , all other parts are preferably made of plastic and who the injection molded.

Claims (26)

1. A method for operating a device ( 1 ; 51 ) for dispensing, in particular for injection, a medical treatment liquid to a body to be treated using a cylinder-piston unit with a hollow needle ( 8 ; 56 ), in which the liquid sucked into the cylinder space and then when the movable part ( 4 ; 52 ) of the cylinder-piston unit is advanced through the needle, characterized by the use of a vacuum container arranged behind the needle ( 8 ; 56 ) in the cylinder-piston unit ( 16 ; 58 ) which, after immersing the needle in the liquid to be sucked in, is moved forwards with the movable part ( 4 ; 52 ), the front wall ( 22 ; 64 ) of the vacuum container being pierced with the rear end of the needle and the liquid is sucked into the vacuum container, and then the liquid by moving the movable part ( 4 ; 52 ) further and by compressing or compressing it sieving the vacuum container ( 16 ; 58 ) from the vacuum container ( 16 ; 58 ) through the needle ( 8 ; 56 ). 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the formation of the movable part ( 4 ; 52 ) of the cylinder, piston unit as a vacuum container ( 16 ; 58 ) the latter is advanced both for piercing and for expressing and the front end wall ( 19 ) is inserted into the vacuum container ( 16 ; 58 ). 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a cylinder-piston unit with a sunk therein needle ( 8 ; 56 ) is used and that when pushing the movable part ( 4 ; 52 ) the needle ( 8th ; 56 ) is pushed out in the same direction of movement by advancing the movable part ( 4 ; 59 ). 4. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movable part ( 4 ; 52 ) in its advanced position with a needle ( 8 ; 56 ) carrying part ( 11 b) is locked and after injection or Administration of the aspirated liquid can be withdrawn into the cylinder-piston unit. 5. The device, in particular for performing the method according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, consisting of a cylinder-piston unit, the cylinder space by an axial displacement of the movable part ( 4 ; 52 ) of the cylinder-Kol ben unit in its size is variable, and a hollow needle ( 8 ; 56 ) which penetrates the front end of the cylinder-piston unit extends from the outside inwards and is held in a needle holder ( 11 ; 55 ), which it with its back Exceeds end, characterized in that a vacuum container ( 16 ; 58 ) is provided in the cylinder space behind the needle ( 8 ; 56 ), which is closed at its preferably front end by a sealing insert ( 19 ; 59 ) and by advancing the movable Part ( 4 ; 52 ) of the cylinder-piston unit can be advanced so far that the rear needle tip pierces the front end wall ( 22 ; 64 ) of the vacuum container ( 16 ; 58 ), and by others s advancing the moving part ( 4 ; 52 ) the cylinder-piston unit of the vacuum container ( 16 ; 58 ) can be compressed or pushed together. 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that one of the end walls ( 19 ; 59 ) of the vacuum container ( 16 ; 58 ), preferably its front end wall ( 19 ), can be inserted into it, the latter being arranged upstream of an abutment ( 31 ), onto which the vacuum container ( 16 ; 58 ) can be pushed. 7. Apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the rear needle tip projects beyond the needle holder ( 11 ; 55 ) by an amount which is greater than the thickness of the sealing insert ( 19 ; 59 ) that the needle holder in its rear end region its cross-sectional shape and size is equal to or smaller than the inner cross-sectional shape and size of the vacuum container ( 16 ; 58 ) and that the movable part ( 4 ; 52 ) in the event of a relative displacement between the vacuum container ( 16 ; 58 ) and the sealing insert ( 19 ; 59 ) on the rear end region of the needle holder ( 11 ; 55 ) can be pushed. 8. The device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cylinder-piston unit send a Hohlzylin closed at the front by an end wall ( 3 ) and open at the rear ( 2 ) and one from the rear into the hollow cylinder ( 2 ) Piston ( 4 ) and that the needle holder ( 11 ) is formed by a tubular connector ( 12 ) extending rearward from the end wall ( 3 ). 9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the piston ( 4 ) is the movable part and is formed by the vacuum container ( 16 ). 10. The device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rear end of the piston ( 4 ) in its inserted position with the rear end of the hollow cylinder ( 2 ) approximately terminates. 11. The device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movable part ( 4 ; 52 ) is assigned a retraction lock. 12. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that on the inner circumferential surface ( 6 ) of the hollow cylinder ( 2 ) and the outer circumferential surface ( 5 ) of the piston ( 4 ) a toothing ( 32 , 33 ) with one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder-piston unit the lying teeth is provided, which allows the piston ( 4 ) to be advanced, but prevents the piston ( 4 ) from being retracted. 13. The device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the needle holder ( 11 ) is longitudinally displaceable or telescopic and in its rear region ( 11 b) by a coupling device ( 39 , 41 ) with the piston ( 4 ) in whose advanced position can be connected, in particular latched, for a common withdrawal movement. 14. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the rear telescopic part ( 11 b) on the front telescopic part ( 11 a) can be pushed. 15. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that at the front end of the rear telescopic part ( 11 b) Rastha ken ( 36 ) are arranged, which is arranged in the front region of the hollow cylinder ( 2 ), with its circumference with the inner surface ( 6 ) of the hollow cylinder ( 2 ) in contact with the locking disk ( 38 ) can preferably be locked in a hole ( 37 ). 16. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the displaceable end wall is a sealing insert ( 19 ) which is cup-shaped with a bottom wall ( 19 ) and a peripheral wall ( 21 ) projecting forwardly therefrom, and in that the peripheral wall ( 21 ) between the inner wall of the vacuum container ( 16 ) and a preferably sleeve-shaped clamping ring ( 23 ) is radially clamped, which has at its front end a flange ( 25 ) which is larger than the inner cross-sectional dimension of the vacuum container ( 16 ). 17. The apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that the clamping ring ( 23 ) on its outer surface has locking and / or sealing beads or lips. 18. The apparatus according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that locking and / or sealing beads or lips are provided on the inner and / or outer peripheral surface of the peripheral wall ( 21 ) of the sealing insert ( 19 ). 19. The device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flange ( 25 ) with the front edge of the vacuum container ( 16 ) facing it can be fastened, in particular latched, preferably by a circumferentially extending wall ( 25 a ), which can be snapped into a circumferential groove of the vacuum container ( 16 ). 20. The device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the inner peripheral surface ( 6 ) of the hollow cylinder ( 2 ) and the outer peripheral surface ( 5 ) of the piston ( 4 ) by ring beads ( 26 , 27 ) formed locking elements are effective , which correspond to each other in the initial position, in the suction position, in the end position and / or in the retracted position of the piston ( 4 ) and specify pushable locking points. 21. The device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movable part of the cylinder-piston unit is a cylinder ( 58 ) which can be pushed from behind onto a stationary piston ( 54 ) forming the needle holder ( 55 ) . 22. The apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that it has a protective cap ( 68 ) which can be pushed tightly from the front onto the preferably circular cylinder ( 58 ). 23 Device according to claim 22, characterized in that the cylinder ( 58 ) and preferably also the needle holder ( 55 ) each have a flange ( 66 , 67 ) on which the protective cap ( 68 ) sits. 24. The device, in particular according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has at the front end a preferably cylindrical socket ( 13 ) surrounding the needle ( 56 ), onto which a protective cap ( 42 ) can be attached, and the protective cap (42) having a central bottom (43) and its one or other end can be plugged with optionally, wherein at an end portion of the protective cap (42) inside at least one latching element (42 a) which in a latching recess (44) on the neck ( 13 ) can be snapped into place. 25. The device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the back of the vacuum container ( 16 ) a handle ( 33 ) is arranged, preferably integrally formed. 26. The device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a hollow cylindrical protective cap ( 45 ) is associated with it on the back, which can be inserted between the vacuum container ( 16 ) and the hollow cylinder ( 2 ).