DE4120134C2 - Shoe, in particular sports shoe - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a shoe, especially sport shoe, according to the preamble of claim 1.

In the case of shoes, especially sports shoes, individual lots are subject to very different requirements in terms of strength, rigidity, flexibility, etc. If such shoes - as may be necessary and appropriate for various reasons - are made of plastic, it is often not possible because of these different requirements to use one and the same plastic material for the entire shoe. Examples of contradicting properties of the plastic materials to be used are:
hard - elastic,
solvent-resistant - easy to glue.

The ver therefore to build the shoes in question two different plastics with corresponding difference Lichen properties usually have the disadvantage that they are not glued together.

Another reason for such connection problems of different types of plastics can also be that the component in question for reasons of mechanical requirements consist of a crystalline or semi-crystalline material, but should also contain transparent parts.

In particular, it would be desirable to use con conventional shoe uppers made of conventional materials, d. H. in particular made of leather or imitation leather, with shoe soles  for the soles of shoes to be able to use materials for the use in the shoe area due to their general characteristics always, especially their low price were interesting, but so far due to lack of glue were not considered.

DE-OS 14 85 572 is a shoe, especially a sports shoe, become known, which consists of an upper, an outsole, one insole and one on the foot side of the insole arranged absorbent fiber layer. The known Sports shoe does not correspond to that Subject of the present application. Because it is found in DE-OS 14 85 572 no indication that the waiter material and the outsole should be made of materials, the due to their chemical and / or physical properties can not be glued together. Rather goes the subject of the cited publication is a whole another joining method, namely for vulcanization or spraying the outsole onto the upper of the shoe. Obviously, the outsole is basically at "gusset blows "of the upper material can be sprayed or vulcanized. By punching the gussets and the insole merely the - basically given - cohesion between the upper and the outsole, by the passage of the (initially liquid) outsole material through the lasting folds and the insole and the subsequent It passes into the absorbent fiber layer above it possible and thus an (additional) form conclusive connection of upper and outsole becomes.

The object of the present invention is to provide a shoe To enable bonding of such material pairings, whose components are actually not glued together.

According to the invention, the object in a shoe, in particular special sports shoe, of the type described by the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1 solved.  

The invention thus consists in separating the two heterogeneous, materials that cannot be glued together (upper material of a on the one hand and outsole on the other hand) a mediator element arrange, which is a fiber composite part high strength rigidity and rigidity. This mediator element has on its top (facing the shoe upper) and on on its underside (facing the outsole) one deck each layer of a (solid) plastic material. At the top side cover layer is a plastic material, which (using a suitable adhesive) can stick to the upper of the shoe. Accordingly there is the underside of a (different) art fabric material (again using an appropriate Adhesive) can be glued to the outsole. In this way "Mediates" the mediator element according to the Ver gluing two actually not glued together Parts, namely of the upper and outsole of the concerned Shoe.

As already indicated at the beginning, in many cases the as a material pairing using a erfindungsge According to mediator element built shoe, especially sport shoe, high rigidity and / or strength requirements posed. The invention now shows the person skilled in the art how he can meet these special requirements. The invention appropriate mediator element namely namely practicing the same two functions, namely the one in question Mediator function for gluing non-gluing itself baren components of the material pair concerned, and others give the finished shoe the required rigidity speed and / or strength.

The mediator element according to the invention can be preferred wise, as can be seen from claim 2, be constructed. The The process in question is referred to as the film stacking process. The composite technology is based on the connection of the two foils with the fiber carrier. It is therefore for the quality of the whole Mediator element very important to careful selection  value and design of the fiber material. Through the Claims 3 to 6 the expert receives valuable hints for this wise.

The connection of the fiber material with the matrix foils can accordingly purely mechanical or chemical or at the same time chemical and be mechanical.

In most cases, the connection is essential on the mechanical anchoring of the plastic material (the matrix) based on the fibers of the fiber material. So it makes sense full, the fiber carrier under the aspect of good mechanical Select connection. There are no special instructions for this Claim 4 removable. As a result, a casing of the individual fibers of the threads through on both sides allows molten plastics.

It is also favorable to have a fiber structure that is not too light to be used so that the thermoplastics (of the matrix material) find sufficient fiber material for anchoring. For one appropriate weight design of the fiber carrier there again claim 4 at least one clue.

A fiber material that has a chemical bond would be ideal two welding partners of the intended plastic pairing allowed. In practice, however, such are more common Find fiber types that go either to one or to the other Welding partners are able to form a chemical bond. For this practical case should be the fiber carrier with the Claim 5 removable features are equipped in practice easily, e.g. B. by a so-called atlas fabric, let it be realized.

An advantageous development of the invention, in particular in terms of the simultaneous amplifier function of the he mediator element according to the invention includes claim 6.

In addition to a variety of interesting material connections offers the invention in particular but also the possibility of components from previously difficult or very difficult to bond thermoplastics in  make it easy to stick. Valuable information for one The person skilled in the art obtains practical implementation of this technique the measures taken from claim 7.

Claim 8 contains a further advantageous embodiment of the Invention.

To illustrate and explain the invention serve embodiments shown in the drawing and are described below. It shows:

Fig. 1 - greatly enlarged and schematically - an embodiment of an intermediary element with a fiber ply carrier, in vertical section,

FIG. 2 - in less high magnification as in Fig. 1 - the switch element of Figure 1, along with welded on both sides of a plastic components to be connected material-pairing, also in vertical section (schematically).

Fig. 3 shows an embodiment for an embodiment of the fiber carrier for a mediator element, for. B. after

Fig. 1 and 2, viewed in plan,

Fig. 4 seen the subject matter of FIG. 3, from the rear side,

Fig. 5 shows another embodiment of an intermediary element with welded on both sides plastic compo nents to be connected to a material pairing in (enlarged) view corresponding to FIG. 2,

Fig. 6 shows a shoe, in particular sports shoe (partial view), wherein a promoter element according to Fig. 1 was used,

Fig. 7 shows a shoe, in particular sports shoe, in presen- tation corresponding to Fig. 6, in which a somewhat modified mediator element compared to Fig. 6 or Fig. 1 was applied, and

Fig. 8 is a vertical section through a (partially ge showed) shoe sole, in particular sports shoe sole, in which a mediator element, for. Was used as in FIG. 5.

The mediator element shown schematically in FIG. 1 has a fiber carrier 10 , which is preferably formed as a fabric. It consists of threads 11 which are made up of a large number of fibers 12 . The fibers 12 are each covered by a size 13 .

The fiber carrier 10 is coated on both sides with a cover layer 14 or 15 . The cover layers 14 and 15 are formed as foils and each consist of a different thermoplastic material. The connection of the fiber carrier 10 with the cover layers 14 and 15 was carried out in the so-called film stacking process. Here, the fiber carrier 10 is pressed between the two foils 14 and 15 , the foils 14 and 15 being melted at the same time. The two materials of the thermoplastic films 14 and 15 thereby adhere to the fiber carrier 10 and form a thermoplastic matrix in which the fiber carrier 10 is embedded. The size 13 , with which the individual fibers 12 of the fiber carrier 10 are sheathed, ensure a chemical bond between the fiber carrier 10 and the matrix material 14 , 15 or optimize such a chemical bond.

In the illustration according to FIG. 2, the mediator element is totaled 16. It has, similar to the embodiment according to FIG. 1, in turn a single-layer fiber carrier, which for the sake of clarity is also designated as 10 in FIG. 1. The threads of the fiber carrier 10 are therefore - as in FIG. 1 - numbered 11 . Likewise, the fiber carrier 10 is embedded or pressed into a matrix consisting of melted films 14 , 15 of different thermoplastic materials.

On both sides of the mediator element 16 , two material components 17 and 18 made of plastic can be seen, which are molded onto the mediator element 16 or welded to it. Here, the material of component 17 corresponds to matrix material 14 of mediator element 16 or is at least suitable for making a welded connection with matrix material 14 . The same applies to the other side with regard to materials 18 and 15 . However, the material components 17 and 18 themselves cannot be welded directly to one another. This makes it clear that the mediator element 16 acts as an mediator for a welded connection between the two material components 17 and 18 forming a pair of plastics. The two-sided welding zones of the welded connection are numbered 19 and 20 in FIG. 2.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show - as an example of a fiber structure having different proportions of the fibrous components on both sides of the fiber carrier, - a so-called Atlas tissue, such as a fiber support for a switch element. B. according to FIGS. 1 and 2, is very suitable. An atlas fabric is a special weave structure in which the cross threads - e.g. B. 21 , 22 in Fig. 3 and 4 - alternately several longitudinal threads - z. B. 23 , 24 in Fig. 3 and 4 - overlap or under. Are the cross threads (z. B. 21 , 22 ) made of a different material than the longitudinal threads (z. B. 23 , 24 ), so weighs, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, on one side, the material of the cross threads ( Fig. 3) and on the other side the material of the longitudinal threads ( Fig. 4). You can take advantage of this fact by choosing a fiber type for the transverse threads that has a particularly good chemical connection to the one matrix material (e.g. 14 ). Accordingly, one chooses a material for the longitudinal threads that can produce a particularly good chemical bond with the other matrix material (e.g. 15 ).

In the embodiment according to FIG. 5, the mediator element marked here with 25 , in contrast to the embodiment according to FIGS . 1 and 2, has a multi-layer fiber carrier. There are - for example - a total of three fiber layers, which are numbered 10 a, 10 b and 10 c. The individual threads of the fiber carrier 10 a, 10 b, 10 c can be designed as in the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 2 and are accordingly provided with the reference number 11 . The three layers 10 a, 10 b, 10 c of the fiber carrier are embedded in a matrix material which - as the hatching in FIG. 5 clearly shows - is identical to the lower matrix cover layer 15 . The matrix material forming the fiber carrier is therefore correspondingly numbered 15 a. The mediator element 25 on the top cover layer consists of a different thermoplastic material and, as in the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 2, designated 14 with net. Like in FIG. 2, a structure is also shown in FIG. 5, in which the mediator element 25 is already welded to plastic components of a material pair forming a component. These plastic components are therefore, according to FIG. 2, designated 17 and 18 . The resulting welding zones are, as in Fig. 2, numbered 19 and 20 .

Overall, the mediator element 25 according to FIG. 5 is distinguished by a higher rigidity compared to the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2. It is therefore not only suitable for welding to non-weldable plastic components, but can also be used as a stiffening element for the component in question.

Fig. 6 now shows an application for a single-layer Ver middle element, as z. B. can be seen from Fig. 2. The mediating element is therefore also designated 16 in FIG. 6. It is used to make an upper 26 of a shoe, e.g. B. sports shoes with one made of a different material, e.g. B. a non-adhesive plastic material to firmly connect existing sole 27 of the shoe in question. The upper material 26 is - preferably - a conventional material, e.g. B. leather or synthetic leather. The firm connection between the upper 26 and the sole 27 is to be realized by gluing. The components in FIG. 2 and 5 designated 17 and 18 of a material pairing thus correspond in the practical application to FIG. 6 upper material 26 and sole 27 of the shoe concerned. Accordingly, the upper matrix cover layer 14 of the mediator element 16 consists of a material which can be glued to the upper material 26 . For the stated purpose, it has proven to be the most favorable to use polyurethane for the cover layer 14 .

The lower matrix cover layer 15 of the mediator element 16 , on the other hand, is made of a material that can be welded to the (not glued) shoe sole 27 . The lower cover layer 15 and the shoe sole 27 are preferably identical in terms of material and consist of elastomer-modified polypropylene. The advantage of this material lies - in addition to good weldability - above all in the comparatively low procurement costs. For reasons of price, efforts have long been made to use this mass plastic, which has so far failed due to the lack of bondability. The realization of this goal has now finally been achieved by the present invention.

The single-layer fiber carrier can be constructed in the application example according to FIG. 6 as well as in the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 2 and is accordingly designated by 10 .

A modification of the embodiment of Fig. 6, Fig. 7. The difference from the embodiment of Fig. 6 be is the fact that the here with 16 a designated switch element only a lower matrix covering layer 15 but has no upper matrix overcoat. In this case, the upper material 26 is glued directly to the fiber carrier 10 by means of suitable adhesives. An upper cover layer (numbered 14 in FIGS. 1, 2 and 5) is therefore dispensed with in the embodiment according to FIG. 7.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 8, an intermediary element 28 is used, which is constructed as a rigid reinforcing element (for example as in the embodiment according to FIG. 5 or similar). The mediator element is here - preferably (since only very few steps are required) - placed in a sole injection mold and welded to a sole with 30 numbered plastic by injection molding the same.

In the special embodiment in question, the mediator element 28 is itself one of the two welding partners (material components). The other welding partner is sole 30 . In this embodiment, the sole 30 expediently consists of a material with an elastomeric character with a high coefficient of friction and good abrasion resistance. This material alone would not have sufficient rigidity. In the present case, the sole 30 is given the necessary stiffness by the reinforcing element 28 (mediator element). It is not contact in this particular application, an advantage as a matrix material for the switch element 28, the (relatively soft) sole material 30 to ver, but a special matrix material with high stiffness Stei. However, in order to enable the weldability of the intermediary element 28 to the sole 30 , a film made of the elastomer material of the sole 30 can be used as a cover layer for the fiber carrier (see reference number 15 in FIG. 5).

The principle used in the embodiment according to FIG. 8 and described in the example of "shoe soles" of direct injection of the welding partner (s) (components of the material pairing) to the mediator element can be very advantageous not only with shoe soles, but also beyond can also be used with any other components.

The technique of direct injection of the or in question the welding partner (components of the material pairing) to the Mediator element in an injection mold also offers the special possibility of a flat area mediator element by the injection pressure of the plastic against a ge to press curved surface of the injection mold and thereby not only flat, but also spherically curved welding surfaces to create.

Claims (8)

1. Shoe, in particular sports shoe, consisting of a material composite of a first component, the upper material ( 17 , 26 ), and a second component, the sole ( 18 , 27 ), the different materials of the components ( 17 , 26 ; 18 , 27 ) cannot be glued together, but each of the two materials can be glued to itself, characterized in that between the two components, ie between the upper material ( 17 , 26 ) and the sole ( 18 , 27 ), for producing a firm bond between them, A mediator element ( 16 , 16 a, 25 , 28 ) is arranged, which consists of a fiber carrier ( 10 , 10 a, 10 b, 10 c) with an upper cover layer ( 14 ) and a lower cover layer ( 15 ), respectively a plastic material, and that the plastic material forming the upper cover layer ( 14 ) with the upper material ( 17 , 26 ) and the plastic material forming the lower cover layer ( 15 ) with the sole ( 18 , 27 ) can be glued, and that the Vermit tlerelement ( 16 , 16 a, 25 , 28 ) also serves as a reinforcing part for at least one of the two components to be glued (upper material 17 , 26 and / or sole 18 , 27 ). 2. Shoe according to claim 1, characterized in that the two cover layers ( 14 , 15 ) as films under pressure on the fiber carrier ( 10 ; 10 a, 10 b, 10 c) of the mediator element ( 16 , 16 a, 25 , 28 ) are melted up. 3. Shoe according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fiber material ( 12 ) of the fiber carrier ( 10 ; 10 a, 10 b, 10 c) according to the requirements of mechanical anchoring or a chemical bond to one or both cover layers ( 14 , 15 ) of the mediator elements ( 16 , 16 a, 25 , 28 ) is selected. 4. Shoe according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that for the production of a chemical bond to one or both outer layers ( 14 , 15 ) with a size ( 13 ) equipped fiber carrier ( 10 ; 10 a, 10 b, 10 c ) consists of a material with multifilament threads ( 11 ). 5. Shoe according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that one side of the fiber carrier ( 10 ; 10 a, 10 b, 10 c) of the mediator element ( 16 , 16 a, 25 , 28 ) consists predominantly of one fiber material , Which can be mechanically and / or chemically connected to the top layer ( 14 ) carried there, and the other side of the fiber carrier ( 10 ; 10 a, 10 b, 10 c) consists predominantly of the other fiber material which is used here on the worn other cover layer ( 15 ) mechanically and / or chemically connectable ( Fig. 3 and 4). 6. Shoe according to claim 1, characterized in that the fiber carrier of the mediator element ( 25 ) as a carrier body of several layers arranged and in a matrix ( 15 a) made of a thermoplastic fiber layers ( 10 a, 10 b, 10 c) formed is and that the support body between two cover layers ( 14 and 15 ) of the upper ( 17 ) and the sole ( 18 ) is arranged ( Fig. 5). 7. Shoe according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cover layer ( 14 ) of the mediator element ( 16 ) connected to one side of the fiber carrier ( 10 ) consists of an adhesive plastic, preferably of thermoplastic polyurethane ( Fig. 6). 8. Shoe according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mediator element ( 16 ) on the sole side has an elastomer-modified polypropylene (lower) cover layer ( 15 ) and on the upper material side a thermoplastic polyurethane (upper) cover layer ( 14 ) ( Fig . 6).