DE4113182C1 - Furnace for vitrifying wastes - has tank sunk into the ground and cooling pipes arranged at a distance from the tank, has simple an inexpensive construction and installation - Google Patents
Furnace for vitrifying wastes - has tank sunk into the ground and cooling pipes arranged at a distance from the tank, has simple an inexpensive construction and installationInfo
- Publication number
- DE4113182C1 DE4113182C1 DE4113182A DE4113182A DE4113182C1 DE 4113182 C1 DE4113182 C1 DE 4113182C1 DE 4113182 A DE4113182 A DE 4113182A DE 4113182 A DE4113182 A DE 4113182A DE 4113182 C1 DE4113182 C1 DE 4113182C1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- furnace
- tank
- oven according
- hood
- melt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000289 melt material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPYIZQLXMGRKSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Zn+2] CPYIZQLXMGRKSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/02—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating
- C03B5/027—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating by passing an electric current between electrodes immersed in the glass bath, i.e. by direct resistance heating
- C03B5/0272—Pot furnaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/0066—Disposal of asbestos
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/20—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste
- B09B3/25—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste using mineral binders or matrix
- B09B3/29—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste using mineral binders or matrix involving a melting or softening step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/005—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture of glass-forming waste materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/02—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating
- C03B5/027—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating by passing an electric current between electrodes immersed in the glass bath, i.e. by direct resistance heating
- C03B5/03—Tank furnaces
- C03B5/031—Cold top tank furnaces
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Ofen zum Verglasen von Ab fällen, insbesondere Stäuben aus Verbrennungsanlagen und Asbest, mit einem ein Schmelzbad enthaltenden und mit feuerfestem Material ausgekleideten Becken, einer darü ber angeordneten Decke, einer Beschickungseinrichtung für das Gemenge bzw. zu schmelzende Gut, einem Abfluß für die Schmelze und von oben in das Schmelzbad ragenden Elektroden.The invention relates to a furnace for glazing Ab cases, especially dusts from incineration plants and Asbestos, with a melt pool and with refractory lined pools, one above Above the ceiling, a loading device for the batch or material to be melted, a drain for the melt and protruding into the weld pool from above Electrodes.
Ein derartiger Ofen ist z. B. in der EP 1 18 580 A1 beschrieben. Er weist den Nach teil auf, sich weitgehend an die Technologie der übli chen Glasschmelzöfen anzulehnen, die aus hochwertigem und damit sehr aufwendigem Feuerfest-Material bestehen. Sie brauchen weiterhin einen Stahlmantel, der außen ge kühlt wird und wodurch die notwendigen Energiekosten für den Betrieb des Ofens sehr hoch werden.Such an oven is e.g. B. in EP 1 18 580 A1 described. He points the way share, largely to the technology of übli glass melting furnaces made of high quality and thus consist of very complex refractory material. You still need a steel jacket that is on the outside is cooled and thereby the necessary energy costs for the furnace operation becomes very high.
Die bekannten Öfen weisen darüber hinaus einen massiven Oberbau auf, der eine komplizierte Einlegevorrichtung trägt. Die Gesamtanlagen sind entsprechend aufwendig, so daß die Kosten des Gesamtverfahrens für das Verglasen von Abfällen sehr stark durch die Investitionskosten ei ner solchen Anlage mitbestimmt werden und gegenüber ei ner Deponierung als hoch zu gelten haben.The known ovens also have a massive Superstructure based on a complicated insertion device wearing. The overall systems are correspondingly complex, so that the cost of the overall glazing process of waste very much due to investment costs ner such system are co-determined and opposite egg landfill must be considered high.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es deshalb, ein einfaches und mit geringem Aufwand herzustellendes Schmelzaggregat bzw. einen entsprechenden Schmelzofen zu schaffen, wel cher mit geringen Kosten aufgebaut und auch mit geringen Kosten versetzt werden kann. Der Ofen soll weiterhin ge ringe Energiekosten und geringste Wartungskosten aufwei sen.The object of the invention is therefore a simple and melter to be manufactured with little effort or to create a corresponding melting furnace, wel er with low costs and also with low Costs can be offset. The oven should continue to ge energy costs and lowest maintenance costs sen.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei dem eingangs genannten Aggregat dadurch gelöst, daß das Becken in den Erdboden eingelas sen ist und im Abstand von der Schutzschicht rings um das Becken Kühlrohre angeordnet sind.This task is carried out in the unit mentioned at the beginning solved by letting the basin into the ground is and at a distance from the protective layer all around the basin cooling pipes are arranged.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsge mäßen Ofens sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Further advantageous embodiments of the fiction The furnace is specified in the subclaims.
Im folgenden wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand einer Zeichnung beschrieben, die schematisch ei nen Querschnitt durch den Ofen wiedergibt.The following is an embodiment of the invention described with reference to a drawing, which is schematically egg reproduces a cross section through the furnace.
Gemäß der Figur besteht der Ofen aus einem auf einem da zu geeigneten Gelände ausgehobenen Becken. Dieses Becken wird an den Seitenwänden und im unteren waagerechten Teil mit einer Schutzschicht 2 aus Feuerbeton ausgeklei det. Anstelle von Feuerbeton kann an dieser Stelle auch schwer schmelzendes Naturgestein wie Granit eingesetzt werden.According to the figure, the furnace consists of a basin excavated on terrain suitable for this purpose. This basin is on the side walls and in the lower horizontal part with a protective layer 2 made of refractory concrete. Instead of refractory concrete, hard-melting natural stone such as granite can also be used here.
Zum Abzug der Schmelze ist ein Auslauf aus Feuerfest-Ma terial, welches resistent gegen die Schmelze ist, vorhan den.A spout made of refractory material is used to remove the melt material that is resistant to the melt the.
Auf einem Kreisbogen, der einen Abstand von ca. 1 m von der Innenkante des Beckens besitzt, sind ca. 2 m tiefe Löcher gebohrt, in welchen Kühlrohre 4 eingesetzt sind. Diese Kühlrohre werden mit Wasser beaufschlagt und sind in Serie geschaltet.Holes in which cooling tubes 4 are inserted are drilled on a circular arc, which is at a distance of approx. 1 m from the inner edge of the basin, approx. 2 m deep. These cooling tubes are charged with water and are connected in series.
Als Dach weist das Becken eine einfache Stahlblechhaube 5 auf, wobei als Widerlager für die Haube die Kühlrohre dienen und ein Feuerbetonstreifen 2a am Beckenrand die Auflage bildet.As a roof, the basin has a simple sheet steel hood 5 , the cooling tubes serving as abutments for the hood and a fire-concrete strip 2 a forming the support at the edge of the basin.
In der Mitte der Stahlhaube ist ein Innenrohr 6 ange bracht, um das ein Eingaberohr 7 angeordnet ist, welches durch eine Verstellstange 8 im Zentrum der Rohre in der Höhe verstellbar ist. In das Innenrohr 6 mündet eine Förderschnecke 9, mit welcher das einzuschmelzende Gut aus einem Bunker 10 in den Ofen gefördert wird.In the middle of the steel hood, an inner tube 6 is introduced , around which an input tube 7 is arranged, which is adjustable in height by an adjusting rod 8 in the center of the tubes. A feed screw 9 opens into the inner tube 6 , with which the material to be melted is conveyed from a bunker 10 into the furnace.
Die Haube 5 besitzt darüber hinaus einen Abgasstutzen 11, welcher zu einer nicht gezeigten Rauchgasreinigungs anlage führt. Außerdem weist sie konzentrisch um den Mittelpunkt angeordnete, im Winkel verstellbare Elektro dendurchführungen 12 auf, durch welche Elektroden 13 in die Schmelze 14 eingeführt werden. Die Elektroden werden in üblicher Weise von einem Ofentransformator gespeist und können bei Bedarf verlängert und nachgeschoben wer den.The hood 5 also has an exhaust pipe 11 , which leads to a flue gas cleaning system, not shown. In addition, it has concentrically arranged around the center, angularly adjustable electrode bushings 12 through which electrodes 13 are inserted into the melt 14 . The electrodes are fed in the usual way from an oven transformer and can be extended and replenished if necessary.
Das Gemenge wird über die Schnecke 9 in das Innenrohr 6 eingeführt und das untere Eingaberohr 7 wird in der Höhe so eingestellt, daß der natürliche Böschungswinkel des Materials zu einer vollständigen Bedeckung des Glasbades innerhalb des Schmelzofens führt. Durch Höherstellen des Eingaberohres 7 kann dann die Dicke der Gemengeschicht vergrößert und damit die Temperatur des Abgases redu ziert werden.The batch is introduced into the inner tube 6 via the screw 9 and the height of the lower input tube 7 is adjusted so that the natural slope angle of the material leads to complete coverage of the glass bath inside the melting furnace. By increasing the input tube 7 , the thickness of the batch layer can then be increased and thus the temperature of the exhaust gas can be reduced.
Der Auslauf des Glases geschieht durch einen Durchlaß 15 und einen Riser 16, welcher in einen Überlauf 17 über geht. Der Riser 16 wird ebenfalls mit einer Tauchelektro de 13 beheizt, die gegen eine der Elektroden 13 in der Schmelzwanne geschaltet ist.The glass is discharged through a passage 15 and a riser 16 which passes into an overflow 17 . The riser 16 is also provided with a submersible electric de 13 heated, which is connected to one of the electrodes 13 in the melting tank.
Um eine lange Lebensdauer des Risers, des Durchflusses und des Überlaufs zu gewährleisten, sind an allen Seiten des Risers auch Kühlrohre (nicht gezeigt) installiert.For a long lifespan of the riser, of the flow and to ensure the overflow are on all sides the riser also installed cooling tubes (not shown).
Um bei einer Störung, welche zu einem Durchschmelzen der Gemengedecke 18 führen könnte, keine zu hohe Temperatur an der Haube 5 zu bekommen, ist am oberen Ende der Haube eine Ringleitung 19 installiert, welche mit Düsen be stückt ist, so daß im Bedarfsfall die Haube von oben mit Wasser gekühlt werden kann. Die Wassermenge kann dabei so bemessen werden, daß das Wasser verdampft, bevor es auf dem unteren Teil in der Haube ankommt und die Tempe ratur des Metalls knapp über 100°C gehalten werden kann.In order to not get too high a temperature at the hood 5 in the event of a malfunction, which could lead to a melting of the batch cover 18 , a ring line 19 is installed at the upper end of the hood, which is equipped with nozzles, so that the hood if necessary can be cooled with water from above. The amount of water can be measured so that the water evaporates before it arrives on the lower part in the hood and the temperature of the metal can be kept just above 100 ° C.
Das Glas läuft über den Überlauf 17 auf ein Plattenband 20 und wird von dort mit diesem Plattenband aus der Gru be heraus befördert. Wenn aufgrund der Zusammensetzung des einzuschmelzenden Materials eine Glasgalleschicht zu erwarten ist, kann ein zweiter Auslauf als einfacher Stichkanal von der Oberfläche entweder parallel zum Glas überlauf 17 oder an einer anderen Stelle des Beckens vor gesehen werden.The glass runs over the overflow 17 on a plate belt 20 and is transported from there with this plate belt out of the group. If, due to the composition of the material to be melted down, a layer of glass gall is to be expected, a second outlet can be seen as a simple puncture channel from the surface either parallel to the glass overflow 17 or at another location in the basin.
Während des Betriebs des Ofens kann u. U. die Feuerfest- Auskleidung 2 mit der Zeit leck werden. Spätestens in der Nähe der Kühlrohre 4 wird die Schmelze jedoch erstar ren, so daß dann keine weitere Erosion des Bodens mehr zu erwarten ist. Damit sind Reparaturarbeiten lediglich am Auslauf durchzuführen.During the operation of the oven, u. U. the refractory lining 2 will leak over time. At the latest in the vicinity of the cooling tubes 4 , however, the melt will first solidify, so that no further erosion of the soil is then to be expected. This means that repair work can only be carried out on the outlet.
Ersichtlicherweise sind die Investitions- und die Repara turkosten einer solchen Anlage erheblich niedriger als bei den bisher bekannten Ofen. Darüber hinaus kann die relativ leichte Haube mit der Gemengezuführung sehr schnell abgebaut und an einer anderen Stelle wieder auf gebaut werden, so daß insbesondere die Anlage bei Boden reinigungsanlagen dem Fortschritt der Arbeit folgen kann.Obviously, the investment and the repara The cost of such an installation is considerably lower than in the previously known furnace. In addition, the relatively light hood with the batch feed very quickly dismantled and opened again at another point be built, so that in particular the plant at ground cleaning systems follow the progress of work can.
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4113182A DE4113182C1 (en) | 1991-04-23 | 1991-04-23 | Furnace for vitrifying wastes - has tank sunk into the ground and cooling pipes arranged at a distance from the tank, has simple an inexpensive construction and installation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4113182A DE4113182C1 (en) | 1991-04-23 | 1991-04-23 | Furnace for vitrifying wastes - has tank sunk into the ground and cooling pipes arranged at a distance from the tank, has simple an inexpensive construction and installation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE4113182C1 true DE4113182C1 (en) | 1992-08-06 |
Family
ID=6430151
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4113182A Expired - Fee Related DE4113182C1 (en) | 1991-04-23 | 1991-04-23 | Furnace for vitrifying wastes - has tank sunk into the ground and cooling pipes arranged at a distance from the tank, has simple an inexpensive construction and installation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE4113182C1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4217854A1 (en) * | 1992-05-29 | 1993-12-02 | Sorg Gmbh & Co Kg | Furnace for gasifying waste, in particular dust from incineration plants, asbestos or similar waste |
| US5354355A (en) * | 1991-12-09 | 1994-10-11 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Earth melter and method of disposing of feed materials |
| US5443618A (en) * | 1991-12-09 | 1995-08-22 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Earth melter |
-
1991
- 1991-04-23 DE DE4113182A patent/DE4113182C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| NICHTS ERMITTELT * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5354355A (en) * | 1991-12-09 | 1994-10-11 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Earth melter and method of disposing of feed materials |
| US5443618A (en) * | 1991-12-09 | 1995-08-22 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Earth melter |
| DE4217854A1 (en) * | 1992-05-29 | 1993-12-02 | Sorg Gmbh & Co Kg | Furnace for gasifying waste, in particular dust from incineration plants, asbestos or similar waste |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8100 | Publication of the examined application without publication of unexamined application | ||
| D1 | Grant (no unexamined application published) patent law 81 | ||
| 8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |