DE4111389A1 - Use of imidacloprid as beetle repellent - in molluscicidal formulations, e.g. snail baits - Google Patents

Abstract

Use of imidacloprid (I) as a beetle repellant is new. Snail baits contg. (I) are also claimed. USE/ADVANTAGE - The bait can be used against all terrestrial snails and repels beetles, which are useful in soil. It is thus more useful than the compsns. described in, e.g., DE2512164 or DE3612161). (I) is known from EP-192060 as an insecticide. Dosage is 3-15 kg of bait per hectare.

Description

The present invention relates to the use of Imidacloprid as ground beetle repellent in molluscicide Formulations, in particular for the production of Snail bait.

Soil pests have already become known To fight snails with the help of material mixtures, which essentially consist of active ingredient, carrier material, Binder and feed consist and according to different Methods such as B. pelleting (see e.g. DE-A 25 12 163, DE-A 25 12 164, DE-A 36 12 161).

In the preparations on the market, as molluscicide often used mercaptodimethur. Mercaptodimethur is 3,5-dimethyl 4-methylthiophenyl-N-methyl carbonate of the formula  

which from DE-AS 11 62 352 (see example 26 there) is known. In addition to the Mercaptodimethur there is also a number of other molluscicides on the market, Metaldehyde and thiocarb are important representatives called.

Such molluscicide preparations can be bad Ground beetles (carabids) if necessary affect briefly.

It has now surprisingly been found that the can avoid the above-mentioned side effect on ground beetles, if you look at the molluscicide formulations as another Component the insecticidal active ingredient imidacloprid (1- (2-chloro-5-pyridinyl-methyl) -2-nitroiminoimidazolidine of the formula

adds. The active ingredient imidacloprid is preferred in the form of a mordant on the molluscicide formulations upset.

The compound imidacloprid is known from EP-A 192 060, see connection no. 11 there.

Preferred molluscicide formulations come Snail bait in question.

The present invention now relates preferably Snail bait based on mercaptodimethane which besides the active ingredient the usual carrier materials, binders and contain pollutants and which as Additives include the compound imidacloprid and optionally contain other additives.

The snail baits according to the invention have the same good effectiveness against snails like the standard one Repellent effect compared to ground beetles that act as beneficial organisms be protected in the ground.

Preferably, snail baits are in the form of granules so-called snail grain used.

The added active ingredient imidacloprid is preferred applied to the slug pellet as a stain.

The snail baits generally contain the following components:
Carrier material, molluscicidal active ingredient, feedstock, binding agent, the active substance imidacloprid and optionally further additives.

The preferred carrier material is:
Bran, vermiculite, perlite, corn cobs, broken coconut husks, tobacco stems, cork shot, sawdust, bark shavings.

The following are preferred as feed:
ground cereals, rice starch, molasses, barley meal, barley meal, wheat meal, wheat meal, rye meal, meat meal, fish meal, rapeseed meal.

The preferred binders are:
Starch, in particular wheat starch, maize starch, alginates, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl and carboxymethyl cellulose, locust bean gum, gum arabic, fragant gum, molasses, organic adhesives such as, for. B. polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl ether, polyethylene glycols, polyacrylates, polyethylene oxides, natural waxes, chemically modified waxes and synthetic waxes, polymethacrylates, polypropylene glycols, dextrin, lignin sulfonates, refined products made from rosin and oils, resin varnish, epoxy resin, epoxy resin, resin varnish, resin varnish, epoxy resin, epoxy resin, resin varnish, epoxy resin, epoxy resin, epoxy resin, resin varnish, resin varnish, epoxy resin, epoxy resin, epoxy resin, epoxy varnish, resin varnish, resin varnish, resin varnish, resin varnish, resin varnish, epoxy resin, epoxy varnish, resin varnish, resin varnish, epoxy resin, epoxy varnish, resin varnish, resin varnish, epoxy varnish, resin varnish, epoxy resin, epoxy varnish, resin varnish, epoxy varnish, resin varnish, resin varnish, epoxy resin, epoxy resin, epoxy resin - Resins.

As further additives in the invention Baits may be included, preferably come Preservatives, dyes, snail attractants, Grinding aids, warm-blooded animal repellents, water and organic solvents in question.  

The snail baits according to the invention generally contain between 0 and 90% by weight, preferably 0 to 70% by weight of carrier material, 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 1 to 5% by weight of the molluscicidal active ingredient (preferably Mercaptodimethur), 10 to 95 wt .-%, preferably 25 to 90% by weight of feed, 0.5 to 25% by weight, preferably 5 to 20% by weight of binder and 0.01 to 5 wt .-%, in particular 0.05 to 3 wt .-% imidacloprid and optionally 0 to 15% by weight of other additives.

The snail baits according to the invention are produced by mixing the individual components of the carrier material, Molluscicide active ingredient (preferably in finely divided Form), feed, binder in the above Concentrations, if necessary with addition other additives, where then the insecticide Imidacloprid substance either of those to be manufactured Mixing snail bait or preferably the first snail bait obtained without the addition of imidacloprid stains with imidacloprid.

The pickling process is carried out in conventional pickling devices and can be used as a dry and preferably as a wet pickle will be realized.

Both wet and organic can be used for wet pickling Solvents are used as solvents.

It is preferred to work with aqueous stains.  

After the pickling process, sufficient drying is carried out, then the so obtained is pickled Bottled snail bait in portions.

It is extremely surprising that the Active ingredient contained in the formulations according to the invention Imidacloprid has a pronounced repellent effect on ground beetles, resulting in a beneficial to the beneficial species Effect of the snail bait leads. Imidacloprid has only a relatively weakly pronounced active ingredient molluscicidal effectiveness.

The snail baits according to the invention can be, how already mentioned above, very good for controlling harmful snails use. All snails live on the snails Naked and shell snails, which in the Majority as polyphage pests agricultural and horticultural crops occur. Important such Pests are slugs like Arion rufus (large Slug), Arion ater and other Arionidae, Limax- Species, also field snails, such as Deroceras reticulatum and agreste from the Limacidae family, as well as species from the Milacidae family, and also shell screws, such as those of the genera Bradybaena, Cepaea, Cochlodina, Discus, Euomphalia, Galba, Helicigona, Helix, Helicella, Helicodiscus, Lymnaea, Opeas, Vallonia and Zanitoides.

When fighting soil pests, the Application rate of bait types according to the invention within can be varied over a wide range. In general you use between 3 and 15 kg snail bait per Hectares, preferably between 5 and 10 kg per hectare.  

The snail baits according to the invention can be made according to the usual Methods such as B. spread by spreading will.

The production and use of the invention Snail bait can be seen from the following examples:  

Example 1 (comparison slug pellet) Production of a snail grain based on mercaptodimethur as a starting material for the pickling process Imidacloprid

38.95 kg of rapeseed meal are successively mixed in a mixer (Ratio of de-oiled: undo-oiled rapeseed meal = 65: 35), 2.62 kg of finely ground premix containing 2.1 kg of N-methyl O- (3,5-dimethyl-4-methylthio-phenyl) carbamate (mercaptodimethur) of the formula

contains 0.52 kg of highly disperse silica,
4.65 kg of cold curing corn starch,
0.54 kg urea-formaldehyde resin,
0.10 kg isopropanol,
3.00 kg sugar beet molasses and
0.14 kg blue dye (1,4-diisobutylaminoanthraquinone)
given and intimately mixed. It is then pressed using a die press. It is allowed to cool, dry and sieve fine particles through a 0.5 mm sieve.

You get a ready-to-use snail bait Formulation.  

Instead of the aforementioned compression via a Die press can also be another common compacting to get the snail bait formulation be performed.

Particle diameter: 2: 2.5 mm
Active substance content: 4.2% by weight mercaptodimethur

As further starting materials for the production of Snail baits pickled according to the invention come for example also those according to DE-A 35 03 608 (see there Examples 1, 2, 3) or according to DE-A 36 12 161 (see there also examples 1, 2, 3) in question.

Example 2 (snail grain according to the invention) Production of the slug pellet according to the invention by Pickling with imidacloprid

The slug pellet produced according to Example 1 was pickled in 500 g portions. Here were each 500 g snail grain weighed into the pickling unit. Admittedly 1.0 ml of a preparation consisting of a with liquid dressing for seed treatment with an active ingredient of 350 g imidacloprid per 1 liter of suspension.

Here, the preparation was in 50 ml of tap water added and added to the slug pellet.  

The mixing process took 3 minutes with one pickling tank revolution from 35 rpm. The 24-hour drying process of the snail grain took place at room temperature in a layer thickness of 1 cm.

Examples 2a to 2c

It became a similar to the previous example 2 Pickling process carried out, with the difference that Place 1.0 ml of the preparation described there 1.5 ml (2a), 3.57 ml (2b) and 7.14 ml (2c) were used were.  

Example A Laboratory test to determine the effectiveness of slug pellets against Deroceras reticulatum

Testing the effectiveness of snail grain against small snail species, e.g. B. Deroceras species takes place in Boxes made of polycarbonate with a base of 17 cm × 22 cm. The bottom of the box comes with several Layers of cellulose paper laid out, that's enough is moistened. On half of the test area is the slug pellet with an application rate of 20 particles evenly spread; the other half remains untreated. To avoid a forced situation the snails also receive untreated supplementary feed: two potato halves in diagonally opposite Corners of the box. 10 adults per box networked slugs (Derocers reticulatum) on the untreated area set. Every test is done with 3 repetitions. Temperature and humidity almost constant during the entire test period maintained: 19 ° and 90 to 95% relative humidity. Every day, on seven consecutive days, the Checked and rated condition of the snails. In addition to the Mortality rate will also include the number of animals Harmful symptoms when assessing effectiveness considered.

The effectiveness of the slug pellets according to the invention compared to the standard is shown in Table 1 below forth.  

Example B Laboratory test to determine the effectiveness of slug pellets against Arion rufus

The effectiveness of slug pellets against larger ones Snail species are found in wire-covered test boxes made of plastic. Every box has one square footprint of 0.25 m². The bottom of the The box covers a 2 to 3 cm high layer of potting soil. This is moistened sufficiently before the start of the experiment. This will be on the left half of the test area Snail grain with an application rate of 3.1 g evenly spread; the right half remains untreated. Preserved to avoid a forced situation the snails additionally untreated supplementary feed: two Potato halves in diagonally opposite corners of the Box. There are 10 adult red slugs per box (A. rufus) placed on the untreated area. Each Exam is done with 4 repetitions. Temperature and Humidity levels are maintained throughout the test kept almost constant: 19 ° and 90 to 95% relative humidity. Every day, on seven consecutive days Days, the condition of the snails is checked and rated. In addition to the mortality rate, too the number of animals with harmful symptoms in the assessment the effectiveness is taken into account.

The effectiveness of the slug pellets according to the invention compared to the standard is shown in Table 1 below forth.  

Table 10

Effectiveness of the slug pellet according to Examples 2, 2a, 2b and 2c against slugs

Evidence of the repellent effect on ground beetles (Poecilus cupreus) 1. Materials and methods

Two gray plastic tubs (56 × 78 cm = 0.43 m²) were filled approx. 2 cm high with moist peat. 5 female and 5 male beetles were placed in each tub (Poecilus cupreus) used. The tubs were in a climate chamber at 20 ° C +1, 80% humidity and exposed to a light-dark cycle of 16: 8 hours.

9 grains of the slug pellet were placed in one pan according to example 1 and 9 grains according to in the other tub Example 2 (with the mordant imidacloprid) evenly distributed. This corresponds to a degree of distribution of 20 Grains per m².

In addition, half a mealworm per living beetle added as feed. This showed that at the use of the comparison screw grain according to Example 1 a partial impairment of the ground beetle was found can be while by the invention Snail grain according to Example 2 no impairments occurred.

Claims (9)

1. Use of imidacloprid of the formula as a ground beetle repellent in molluscicide formulations. 2. Snail bait, characterized in that it as an additive, the compound imidacloprid contain. 3. snail bait according to claim 2, characterized characterized as being a molluscicidal active ingredient Mercaptodimethur included. 4. snail bait according to claim 2 to 3, characterized marked that they contain the following components: Carrier materials, binders, pollutants, the molluscicidal active ingredient mercaptodimethur, the Compound imidacloprid and optionally other additives.   5. snail bait according to claim 2 to 4, characterized characterized in that the amount of additive Imidacloprid 0.05 to 3% of the weight of the Snail grain is. 6. snail bait according to claim 2 to 5, characterized characterized in that the additive imidacloprid with the help of the pickling process on the snail bait has been applied. 7. snail bait according to claim 2 to 6, characterized characterized in that the additive imidacloprid has been applied with the aid of a wet stain. 8. Process for the preparation of snail baits according to Claims 2 to 7, characterized in that one the compound imidacloprid using a pickling process on the surface of the snail bait applies. 9. Procedures to control snails under at the same time protection of ground beetles, thereby characterized in that one according to a snail bait Claims 2 to 7 on snails or their habitat can act.