DE4042257A1 - Electrically conducting liquids level measurement - using discrete sensor positions, e.g. inform of metal surfaces along vertical bar - Google Patents
Electrically conducting liquids level measurement - using discrete sensor positions, e.g. inform of metal surfaces along vertical barInfo
- Publication number
- DE4042257A1 DE4042257A1 DE19904042257 DE4042257A DE4042257A1 DE 4042257 A1 DE4042257 A1 DE 4042257A1 DE 19904042257 DE19904042257 DE 19904042257 DE 4042257 A DE4042257 A DE 4042257A DE 4042257 A1 DE4042257 A1 DE 4042257A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- counter electrode
- level
- sensors
- metal surfaces
- resistance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/24—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of resistance of resistors due to contact with conductor fluid
- G01F23/241—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of resistance of resistors due to contact with conductor fluid for discrete levels
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Zur Bestimmung der Höhe eines Flüssigkeitsspiegels können nahezu alle physikalischen Meßprinzipe und für diese je eine große Mannigfaltigkeit von Untermethoden angewendet werden.To determine the level of a liquid level can be almost all physical measuring principles and a great variety for each of them of sub-methods can be applied.
Wird speziell die elektrische Leitfähigkeit vorausgesetzt, mit deren Hilfe eine Bestimmung ermöglicht werden soll, reduziert sich diese Vielzahl für die Ausführung fast immer auf den elektrischen Schluß eines Stromes über zwei in der Flüssigkeit befindliche Elektroden. Diese werden von oben in Richtung Flüssigkeitsspiegel hinuntergelassen. Die Auslotungstiefe ergibt sich aus dem Beginn des Stromflusses durch die Elektroden, sobald diese beide in die Flüssigkeit tauchen.If the electrical conductivity is specifically required, with its If a determination is to be made possible, this is reduced Variety for the execution almost always on the electrical circuit a current through two electrodes in the liquid. These are lowered from above towards the liquid level. The depth of the plumbing results from the start of the current flow through the electrodes as soon as they are both immersed in the liquid.
Dieses Verfahren wird in der Regel manuell angewendet, eine Automatisierung ist nicht ökonomisch und wird nicht praktiziert. Elektrische Methoden für eine Erfassung des Spiegels bei Flüssigkeiten variabler Leitfähigkeit ohne eine Bewegung der Meßanordnung sind mit einer einzigen Ausnahme (siehe Lit.) nicht bekannt.This procedure is usually applied manually, one Automation is not economical and is not practiced. Electrical Methods for detecting the level of liquids with variable Conductivity without moving the measuring arrangement are included a single exception (see Ref.) not known.
Eine bewegungsfreie Erfassung wird dadurch ermöglicht, daß längs einem vertikal aufgestellten Pegel, der in die Flüssigkeit hineinragt, viele diskrete Einzel-"Fenster" vorgesehen werden, deren Zustand (benetzt oder trocken) von oben aus elektrisch abgefragt oder analog gemessen wird. Hierzu sind erfindungsgemäß zwei verschiedene Möglichkeiten gegeben.A motion-free detection is made possible that along a vertical level that protrudes into the liquid, many discrete Single "windows" are provided, their condition (wetted or dry) is polled electrically from above or measured analogously. According to the invention there are two different possibilities for this.
Einmal wird eine vertikal angeordnete Kette oder starre Anordnung (Pegel-Latte) von ohmschen Widerständen gleichem numerischen Wertes mit für die Flüssigkeit zugänglichen (Metall-) Flächen, die obengenannten Fenster, zwischen je zweien dieser Widerstände, vorgesehen. Die Widerstände selbst sind gegen die Flüssigkeit isoliert. Ferner wird eine Gegenelektrode derart installiert, daß diese stets zumindest anteilig innerhalb der Flüssigkeit ist, unabhängig von der jeweiligen Spiegelhöhe.One is a vertically arranged chain or rigid arrangement (Level crossbar) of ohmic resistors of the same numerical value with (metal) surfaces accessible to the liquid, the above Windows, provided between two of these resistors. The resistances themselves are isolated from the liquid. Furthermore, a Counterelectrode installed so that it is always at least partially within the liquid is independent of the respective mirror height.
Der räumliche Widerstand zwischen den benetzten (Metall-) Flächen und der Gegenelektrode wird durch eine geeignete Geometrie der Anordnung derart klein gehalten, daß er geringer ist als ein einzelner ohmscher Widerstand der Kette. Somit läßt sich aus der Messung des Widerstandes der Gesamtanordnung (Summe der ohmschen Widerstände im Trockenbereich plus Übergangswiderstand durch die Flüssigkeit zur Gegenelektrode) ermitteln, wieviele Widerstände oberhalb des Spiegels liegen, oder, gleichbedeutend, in welcher Tiefe der Flüssigkeitsspiegel liegt, da die Metallflächen längs des Pegels in engem und konstantem Abstand angebracht sind.The spatial resistance between the wetted (metal) Surfaces and the counter electrode is made by a suitable geometry the arrangement is kept so small that it is less than a single one ohmic resistance of the chain. Thus, from the measurement the resistance of the overall arrangement (sum of the ohmic resistances in the dry area plus contact resistance due to the liquid to the counter electrode) determine how many resistances above the Level, or, synonymous, at what depth the liquid level lies because the metal surfaces are narrow and level along the level constant distance are attached.
Dieses Verfahren ist bereits beschrieben in BUSCH & LUCKNER, Geohydraulik (siehe Lit.) und stellt die oben erwähnte einzige bekannte Ausnahme dar. Es ist jedoch nur für eine sehr begrenzte Anzahl von diskreten Tiefenpunkten anwendbar, da die Anordnung der Fensterflächen und Form und Lage der Gegenelektrode nicht optimiert waren. Die Gegenelektrode hatte nahezu punktuelle Gestalt und befand sich am tiefsten Punkt der Flüssigkeit und damit zumeist weit abseits von den Metallflächen. Das Verfahren konnte sich daher nicht einbürgern. Die optimierende geometrische Anordnung ist hier Gegenstand eines Teiles der Erfindungsgedanken, wonach ohne weiteres eine zehnfach größere Auflösung der Tiefenerfassung oder eine zehnfach größere Erkundungstiefe einer Flüssigkeitssäule ermöglicht werden.This process is already described in BUSCH & LUCKNER, Geohydraulics (see Ref.) And represents the only known one mentioned above Exception. However, it is only for a very limited number of discrete depth points applicable because of the arrangement of the window areas and shape and position of the counter electrode were not optimized. The counter electrode had almost punctiform shape and was at the lowest point the liquid and therefore mostly far away from the metal surfaces. The procedure could therefore not become natural. The optimizing geometric Arrangement is the subject of part of the inventive concept, after which a resolution of the depth detection is ten times greater or ten times the depth of exploration of a liquid column be made possible.
Die konstruktionsbedingt hohen räumlichen Übergangswiderstände von
den Metallflächen zur Gegenelektrode des bei BUSCH & LUCKNER beschriebenen
Verfahrens müssen aus zwei Gründen wesentlich verringert
werden, wenn eine hinreichend universelle Brauchbarkeit garantiert
sein soll:
erstens brauchen bei einer Verringerung des räumlichen Übergangswiderstandes
zur Gegenelektrode dann auch nicht mehr die ohmschen
Widerstände der Kette hohe Werte zu erhalten, um den für variable Leitfähigkeiten
von Flüssigkeiten unkalkulierbaren räumlichen Übergangswiderstand
übertreffen zu können (um überhaupt einen Pegelstand messen
zu können). Das aber würde andererseits bei großer Stückzahl von
Einzelwiderständen in der Kette einen unverträglich hohen Gesamtwiderstand
mit allen den bekannten Nachteilen in der Meßtechnik bedeuten.The design-related high spatial contact resistances from the metal surfaces to the counterelectrode of the method described by BUSCH & LUCKNER have to be significantly reduced for two reasons if a sufficiently universal usability is to be guaranteed:
firstly, if the spatial contact resistance to the counterelectrode is reduced, the ohmic resistances of the chain no longer need to be given high values in order to be able to exceed the spatial contact resistance that is incalculable for variable conductivities of liquids (in order to be able to measure a water level). On the other hand, this would mean an intolerably high total resistance with all the known disadvantages in measuring technology given a large number of individual resistors in the chain.
Zweitens aber würden - als Folge zu hoher Werte der ohmschen Widerstände in der Kette - bei einer Absenkung des Flüssigkeitsspiegels zwischen den Metallflächen verbleibende Flüssigkeitsreste relativ unverträglich hohe parallele Leckströme zu den ohmschen Widerständen verursachen, was wiederum die Meßergebnisse verfälschen würde.Second, however, the ohmic values would result as a result of excessive values Resistance in the chain - when the liquid level drops Liquid residues remaining between the metal surfaces are relatively incompatible cause high parallel leakage currents to the ohmic resistors, which in turn would falsify the measurement results.
Zum anderen können in ähnlicher Form die obenerwähnten Metallfenster, jetzt an der Außenseite eines hermetisch abgeschlossenen Kunststoffrohres angebracht, zur Erkennung des Zustandes eines elektrischen Potentials dienen, das in Abhängigkeit der Zustände benetzt oder trocken ansteht. Die Gegenelektrode, hier am unteren Ende des Rohres und im Kontakt mit der Flüssigkeit, erhalte beispielsweise positives Potential. Die Fenster sind sodann nach innen je mit einem Gatter von hochohmigen digitalen ICs (CMOS) verbunden, für deren Stromversorgung das GND-Potential (ground) und das Potential der oben bezeichneten Gegenelektrode dienen. Da alle Gattereingänge sehr hochohmig sind, hat die Flüssigkeit praktisch überall das gleiche Potential wie die Gegenelektrode am Ende des Rohres. Durch den Zustand der ICs am Ausgang läßt sich bei geeigneter Auswahl der Bausteine und der geometrischen Anordnung eindeutig von oben erkennen, ob sich ein zum Gatter zugehöriges Fenster innerhalb der Flüssigkeit befindet oder außerhalb derselben liegt, d. h. ob es positiv oder indefinit ist und zugeordnet wirkt.On the other hand, the metal windows mentioned above, now on the outside of a hermetically sealed plastic tube attached, to detect the state of an electrical Serve potential that wets or dries depending on the conditions pending. The counter electrode, here at the lower end of the tube and in Contact with the liquid, get positive potential, for example. The Windows are then each inside with a gate of high impedance digital ICs (CMOS) connected, for their power supply the GND potential (ground) and the potential of the counter electrode described above serve. Since all gate inputs are very high impedance, the Liquid practically everywhere has the same potential as the counter electrode at the end of the pipe. Due to the state of the ICs at the output with a suitable selection of the building blocks and the geometric arrangement clearly recognize from above whether there is a member belonging to the gate Window is inside or outside the liquid lies, d. H. whether it is positive or indefinite and seems assigned.
Die Vielheit der IC-Ausgänge wird durch zyklische Fernabfrage abgetastet. Hierzu ist bei geeignetem elektronischen Konzept ein Zweileiter-System ausreichend.The majority of the IC outputs is controlled by cyclical remote polling scanned. With a suitable electronic concept, a two-wire system is sufficient for this.
Lit. BUSCH, K.-F. & LUCKNER, L. (1972) Geohydraulik, VEB Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindustrie, LeipzigLit. BUSCH, K.-F. & LUCKNER, L. (1972) Geohydraulics, VEB German Verlag für Grundstoffindustrie, Leipzig
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19904042257 DE4042257A1 (en) | 1990-12-31 | 1990-12-31 | Electrically conducting liquids level measurement - using discrete sensor positions, e.g. inform of metal surfaces along vertical bar |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19904042257 DE4042257A1 (en) | 1990-12-31 | 1990-12-31 | Electrically conducting liquids level measurement - using discrete sensor positions, e.g. inform of metal surfaces along vertical bar |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE4042257A1 true DE4042257A1 (en) | 1992-07-02 |
Family
ID=6421702
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE19904042257 Withdrawn DE4042257A1 (en) | 1990-12-31 | 1990-12-31 | Electrically conducting liquids level measurement - using discrete sensor positions, e.g. inform of metal surfaces along vertical bar |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE4042257A1 (en) |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2694396A1 (en) * | 1992-07-30 | 1994-02-04 | Guillemot Gilbert | Device for detecting two levels of a liquid. |
DE19712577A1 (en) * | 1997-03-26 | 1997-07-24 | Zueblin Ag | Monitoring concrete filling of shuttering |
EP0867695A2 (en) * | 1997-03-26 | 1998-09-30 | Bilfinger + Berger Bauaktiengesellschaft | Method and device for detecting the degree of filling of formworks with concrete, as well as its compacting, by exploiting its electrical properties |
FR2765681A1 (en) * | 1997-07-03 | 1999-01-08 | Comm Composants Soc Ind | Water level measuring device for steam generator reservoir |
DE10015764A1 (en) * | 2000-03-30 | 2001-10-11 | Brita Gmbh | Device for measuring the volume of an electrically conductive liquid |
DE10027183A1 (en) * | 2000-05-31 | 2001-12-20 | Siemens Ag | Determining level of electrically conducting liquid in container involves the liquid making contact between the resistance coating of one electrode and the other electrode |
EP1659207A1 (en) | 2004-11-19 | 2006-05-24 | BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH | Condensing-type clothes dryer |
DE102005035045A1 (en) * | 2005-07-27 | 2007-02-08 | Brita Gmbh | Measuring device for the determination of flow rates of electrically conductive liquids, measuring element and method |
DE102010020842A1 (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2011-11-24 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Filling level sensor for detecting e.g. filling level height of urea solution in reducing agent container, for selective catalytic reduction system of motor car, has electrodes connected via resistor to detect height and conductance |
US8171802B2 (en) | 2008-03-28 | 2012-05-08 | Brita Gmbh | Method for measuring the volume flow of electrically conductive liquids through a vessel |
DE102013208956A1 (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2014-11-20 | Areva Gmbh | Sensor carrier and associated device for level measurement |
SE1930369A1 (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2021-05-13 | Rosen Erik | Float-free water level gauge probe for drilled wells |
-
1990
- 1990-12-31 DE DE19904042257 patent/DE4042257A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2694396A1 (en) * | 1992-07-30 | 1994-02-04 | Guillemot Gilbert | Device for detecting two levels of a liquid. |
US5408223A (en) * | 1992-07-30 | 1995-04-18 | Guillemot; Gilbert | Device for detecting two levels of a liquid having high and low electrodes of metals of different electrode potentials which are connected by conductors so as to form an electrical primary cell |
DE19712577A1 (en) * | 1997-03-26 | 1997-07-24 | Zueblin Ag | Monitoring concrete filling of shuttering |
EP0867695A2 (en) * | 1997-03-26 | 1998-09-30 | Bilfinger + Berger Bauaktiengesellschaft | Method and device for detecting the degree of filling of formworks with concrete, as well as its compacting, by exploiting its electrical properties |
EP0867695A3 (en) * | 1997-03-26 | 1999-08-04 | Bilfinger + Berger Bauaktiengesellschaft | Method and device for detecting the degree of filling of formworks with concrete, as well as its compacting, by exploiting its electrical properties |
DE19712577C2 (en) * | 1997-03-26 | 2000-09-21 | Zueblin Ag | Procedure for determining the degree of filling of formwork with concrete |
FR2765681A1 (en) * | 1997-07-03 | 1999-01-08 | Comm Composants Soc Ind | Water level measuring device for steam generator reservoir |
DE10015764A1 (en) * | 2000-03-30 | 2001-10-11 | Brita Gmbh | Device for measuring the volume of an electrically conductive liquid |
WO2001074719A1 (en) * | 2000-03-30 | 2001-10-11 | Brita Gmbh | Method for determining the efficiency of a liquid processing unit and device using said method |
DE10027183A1 (en) * | 2000-05-31 | 2001-12-20 | Siemens Ag | Determining level of electrically conducting liquid in container involves the liquid making contact between the resistance coating of one electrode and the other electrode |
EP1659207A1 (en) | 2004-11-19 | 2006-05-24 | BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH | Condensing-type clothes dryer |
DE102004055941A1 (en) * | 2004-11-19 | 2006-05-24 | BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH | Condensation Dryer |
DE102004055941B4 (en) * | 2004-11-19 | 2017-05-11 | BSH Hausgeräte GmbH | Condensation Dryer |
DE102005035045A1 (en) * | 2005-07-27 | 2007-02-08 | Brita Gmbh | Measuring device for the determination of flow rates of electrically conductive liquids, measuring element and method |
DE102005035045B4 (en) * | 2005-07-27 | 2007-05-16 | Brita Gmbh | Measuring device for the determination of flow rates of electrically conductive liquids, measuring element and method |
DE102005035045B9 (en) * | 2005-07-27 | 2007-11-08 | Brita Gmbh | Measuring device for the determination of flow rates of electrically conductive liquids, measuring element and method |
US7905144B2 (en) | 2005-07-27 | 2011-03-15 | Brita Gmbh | Measuring device, and conductivity measuring device, for determining flow capacities of electroconductive liquids, measuring element, and method |
US8171802B2 (en) | 2008-03-28 | 2012-05-08 | Brita Gmbh | Method for measuring the volume flow of electrically conductive liquids through a vessel |
DE102010020842A1 (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2011-11-24 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Filling level sensor for detecting e.g. filling level height of urea solution in reducing agent container, for selective catalytic reduction system of motor car, has electrodes connected via resistor to detect height and conductance |
DE102013208956A1 (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2014-11-20 | Areva Gmbh | Sensor carrier and associated device for level measurement |
SE1930369A1 (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2021-05-13 | Rosen Erik | Float-free water level gauge probe for drilled wells |
SE544173C2 (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2022-02-15 | Rosen Erik | Float-free relative and absolute water level gauge probe for drilled wells |
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