DE4034985A1 - Controlled low-temp. degasification of organic materials - in a ribbon reactor with separate screw stages electrically heated to different temps., e.g. 150, 350 and 700 deg c - Google Patents

Controlled low-temp. degasification of organic materials - in a ribbon reactor with separate screw stages electrically heated to different temps., e.g. 150, 350 and 700 deg c

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Publication number
DE4034985A1
DE4034985A1 DE19904034985 DE4034985A DE4034985A1 DE 4034985 A1 DE4034985 A1 DE 4034985A1 DE 19904034985 DE19904034985 DE 19904034985 DE 4034985 A DE4034985 A DE 4034985A DE 4034985 A1 DE4034985 A1 DE 4034985A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
stage
temp
controlled low
trough
degasification
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE19904034985
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Artur Richard Greul
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19904027152 external-priority patent/DE4027152A1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE19904034985 priority Critical patent/DE4034985A1/en
Publication of DE4034985A1 publication Critical patent/DE4034985A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/875—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling for achieving a non-uniform temperature distribution, e.g. using barrels having both cooling and heating zones
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/26—Scrap or recycled material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2030/00—Pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/34—Electrical apparatus, e.g. sparking plugs or parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3425—Printed circuits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Abstract

Process is claimed for the controlled low-temp. degassing of pre-pulverised organic material (I), pref. used tyres, plastics, electronics scrap or its mixts., and also biomaterials, mainly for the prodn. and recovery of fuel and raw materials. The process is carried out in a single- or multi-stage ribbon reactor with separate stages one above the other which can be sepd. by airlocks, and fitted with one or more circuits to supply electrical energy for heating the whole screw with trough, or the screw ribbons and the trough cavities and/or the material to be dried and/or degassed, so as to produce different temp. conditions in the different screws, e.g. about 150 deg.C in stage 1, about 350 deg.C in stage 2 and about 700 deg.C in stage 3. USE/ADVANTAGE - The process enables the recovery of high-grade fuel and raw materials from the above waste prods. (including sewage sludge, etc.). (0/0)

Description

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es eine Verfahren zu schaffen, welches durch die gesteuerte Tieftemperaturentgasung zerkleinerter, auch organischer Stoffe, vorzugsweise von Altreifen, Kunststoffen, Elektronikschrott sowie Bio­ massen, auf die Gewinnung und Wiedergewinnung von Brenn- und Rohstoffen abgestellt ist.The object of the invention is to provide a method which by controlled low-temperature degassing shredded, including organic substances, preferably from Used tires, plastics, electronic waste and organic masses on the extraction and recovery of fuel and raw materials is turned off.

Vom Stand der Technik her sind unzählige Techniken be­ kannt, aber keines hat bisher das Problem des Altreifen­ anfalls, des Kunststoffabfalls (z. B. Shredderschutt) oder des Elektronikschrotts sowie der Biomasse lösen können, obwohl in diesen Materialien große Mengen Men­ gen der verschiedensten Brenn- und Rohstoffe gebunden sind.Countless techniques are known from the prior art knows, but none has the problem of the old tire the plastic waste (e.g. shredder debris) or the electronic scrap as well as the biomass can, although in these materials large quantities bound to a wide variety of fuels and raw materials are.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch Anspruch 1 sowie der Unteransprüche.This problem is solved by claim 1 and the Subclaims.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es in den verschiedenen Temperaturbereichen bis ca. 700°C große Mengen von Entgasungsprodukten in möglichst reiner Form zu erhalten. Erreicht wird dies durch die engen, sich dauernd ver­ ändernden Räumlichkeiten in den sich langsam drehenden Schneckenzügen, wodurch schnell eine große Menge von Strahlungswärme, aber auch Kontaktwärme in das Ent­ gasungsgut übertragen wird. The object of the invention is in the different Temperature ranges up to approx. 700 ° C Obtain degassing products in the purest form possible. This is achieved through the narrow, constantly ver changing premises in the slowly rotating Snail trains, which quickly causes a large amount of Radiant heat, but also contact heat in the Ent gas is transferred.  

Erfindungsgemäß wird statt einer Hohlschnecke, wie sie unter P 38 09 115 und P 40 26 060 beschrieben, einer Hohlbandschnecke wie unter P 40 27 152 beschrieben, die Form einer bekannten Bandschnecke gewählt. Es wurde ge­ funden, daß sie in der Herstellung einfacher ist und ganz andere Baugrößen zuläßt. Ein dritter Vorteil ist, daß in den Schneckenzügen meißt nur die Teile beheizt werden, die zur Aufheizung des Materials notwendig sind.According to the invention, instead of a hollow screw as it is described under P 38 09 115 and P 40 26 060, one Hollow belt screw as described under P 40 27 152, the Form of a known slug selected. It was ge found that it is easier to manufacture and allows completely different sizes. A third advantage is that in the screw trains only the parts heated that are necessary to heat the material.

Die Stufe bis ca. 150°C ist hauptsächlich der Trok­ knung, sowie der Abspaltung hygroskopischer Wässer vor­ behalten, denn es ist wichtig so viel Wasser wie mög­ lich aus dem Prozeß zu entfernen. Die nachfolgenden Stufen bieten den Vorteil, daß zunächst eine grobe Auf­ trennung des komplex zusammengesetzten , flüssigen Kon­ densats erfolgen kann und alle Fraktionen als Rohstoff hochinteressant sind. Die Flüssigprodukte können bis zu 90% je nach dem Einsatzmaterial erreichen. Das Konden­ sat enthält vornehmlich u. a. alipathische Kohlenwasser­ stoffe und Olefine die in Prozessen zur Rückgewinnung von Ethylen und Propylen, aber auch von monomeren Styrol und anderen Chemierohstoffen führt.The stage up to approx. 150 ° C is mainly the trok as well as the splitting off of hygroscopic water keep it, because it is important to use as much water as possible Lich removed from the process. The following Steps offer the advantage that initially a rough up separation of the complex liquid con densats can be done and all fractions as raw material are very interesting. The liquid products can be up to Reach 90% depending on the feed. The condensate primarily contains u. a. aliphatic hydro substances and olefins in processes for recovery of ethylene and propylene, but also of monomeric styrene and other chemical raw materials.

In einer der Gasreinigung nachgeschalteten Kühlung wird das restliche Produktgas auf ca. 5°C abgekühlt, wobei eine hochwertige BTX- Fraktion auskondensiert.In a cooling system downstream of the gas cleaning system the remaining product gas cooled to about 5 ° C, whereby a high-quality BTX fraction condensed out.

Die festen Rückstände fallen im wesentlichen, nach dem Metall (z. B. Teile der Stahlgürtelreifen) und andere inerte Materialien entfernt wurden, als kohlenstoff­ reiches, rieselfähiges, geruchloses Material an. Auf­ grund ihres hohen Heizwertes besteht die Möglichkeit sie als Brennstoff oder nach entsprechender Aufbe­ reitung, als Füll oder Farbstoff in der Chemischen- oder Gummiindustrie einzusetzen. The solid residues essentially fall after the Metal (e.g. parts of the steel belted tires) and others inert materials were removed as carbon rich, free-flowing, odorless material. On because of their high calorific value there is the possibility them as fuel or after appropriate treatment as a filler or dye in chemical or rubber industry.  

Der Ein- oder Austrag des Materials in und aus dem elek­ trisch beheizten Bandschneckenreaktors erfolgt über eine Schleuse, wie natürlich der gesamte Prozeß unter Luftab­ schluß verläuft. Im weiteren hat sich herausgestellt, daß die Kondensationskühler am besten mit Luft betrieben werden, um vom Wasser unabhängig zu sein. Durch diese Verfahren ist auch die Trocknung sowie Entgasung von Klärschlämmen, sowie die Reinigung von Böden möglich.The entry or exit of the material in and out of the elec trically heated belt screw reactor takes place via a Lock, like of course the whole process under air in the end. Furthermore, it has been found that the condensation coolers are best operated with air, to be independent of the water. Through these procedures is also the drying and degassing of sewage sludge, as well as cleaning floors.

Bei Biomassen ist die Temperatur von 200 bis 250°C die der Bertinisierung. Lufttrockene Biomassen mit ca. 18% Feuchte, verlieren bis zur Hälfte ihres Gewichts, aber ihr Heizwert steigt von ca. 3000 bis 3500 kcal/kg auf 6500 bis 7000 kcal/kg an. Ab ca. 170°C tritt ein Zer­ legungsmechanismus ein, welcher die Makromoleküle Zel­ lulose und Hemizellulose aufspaltet (Lignin zerfällt erst oberhalb 280°C) und so eine starke Versprödung herbeiführt. Durch das Bertinisieren wird eine Homo­ genisierung aller eingesetzten Biomassen erreicht, welche sich nur nur noch durch ihren Aschegehalt unterscheiden. Nach einer Feinmahlung erhält man einen staubförmigen Primärbrennstoff.The temperature of biomass is 200 to 250 ° C Bertinization. Air-dry biomass with approx. 18% Moist, lose up to half their weight, however their calorific value rises from approx. 3000 to 3500 kcal / kg 6500 to 7000 kcal / kg. At around 170 ° C, a cerium occurs insertion mechanism, which the macromolecules Zel splits lulose and hemicellulose (lignin disintegrates only above 280 ° C) and so a strong embrittlement brings about. Bertinizing makes it a homo Genization of all biomass used achieved which differ only in their ash content. After fine grinding, you get a dusty one Primary fuel.

Claims (4)

1. Verfahren zur gesteuerten Tieftemperaturentgasung vorzerkleinerter, auch organischer Stoffe, vorzugs­ weise von Altreifen, Kunststoffen, Elektronikschrott oder Gemischen daraus, sowie Biomassen mit dem Schwer­ punkt auf Gewinnung und Wiedergewinnung von Brenn- und Rohstoffen, dadurch gekennzeich­ net, daß
  • - in einem ein- oder mehrstufigen Bandschneckenre­ aktor, bei dem die einzelnen Stufen übereinander an­ geordnet und dieselben untereinander durch Schleusen getrennt sein können. In einem oder mehreren Strom­ kreisen durch Zuführung elektrischer Energie, die ganze Schnecke mit Trog, oder die Schneckenbänder sowie die Trogmulden und/oder auch die zu trocknenden und/oder die zu entgasenden Materialien so zu er­ hitzen, daß in den einzelnen Schnecken verschiedene Temperaturzustände erreicht werden. Z.B. in der ersten Stufe ca. 150°C, in der zweiten Stufe ca. 350°C und in der dritten Stufe ca. 700°C.
1. Process for controlled low-temperature degassing of pre-shredded, including organic substances, preferably from used tires, plastics, electronic waste or mixtures thereof, as well as biomass with a focus on the extraction and recovery of fuels and raw materials, characterized in that
  • - Actuator in a single or multi-stage slug reel, in which the individual stages are arranged one above the other and the same can be separated from one another by locks. In one or more currents by supplying electrical energy, the entire screw with trough, or the screw belts and the trough troughs and / or the materials to be dried and / or the materials to be degassed, are heated so that different temperature states are reached in the individual screws will. For example, in the first stage approx. 150 ° C, in the second stage approx. 350 ° C and in the third stage approx. 700 ° C.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn­ zeichnet, daß die Tröge innen mit einem mine­ ralischen Schutz gegen Abrieb versehen sind.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized records that the troughs inside with a mine protection against abrasion. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekenn­ zeichnet, daß die gesammte Anlage oder einzelne Teile wärmeisoliert sind.3. The method according to claim 1 characterized thereby records that the entire plant or individual Parts are thermally insulated. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn­ zeichnet, daß die auszutragenden festen Rück­ stände einer Kühlung unterworfen werden.4. The method according to claim 1, characterized records that the fixed return to be discharged be subjected to cooling.
DE19904034985 1990-08-28 1990-11-03 Controlled low-temp. degasification of organic materials - in a ribbon reactor with separate screw stages electrically heated to different temps., e.g. 150, 350 and 700 deg c Ceased DE4034985A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19904034985 DE4034985A1 (en) 1990-08-28 1990-11-03 Controlled low-temp. degasification of organic materials - in a ribbon reactor with separate screw stages electrically heated to different temps., e.g. 150, 350 and 700 deg c

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19904027152 DE4027152A1 (en) 1990-08-28 1990-08-28 Degassing scrap tyres or plastics etc. - by processing with ribbon type extruder screw to produce successive temp. zones and yield separate pure fractions and condensates
DE19904034985 DE4034985A1 (en) 1990-08-28 1990-11-03 Controlled low-temp. degasification of organic materials - in a ribbon reactor with separate screw stages electrically heated to different temps., e.g. 150, 350 and 700 deg c

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE4034985A1 true DE4034985A1 (en) 1992-05-14

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DE19904034985 Ceased DE4034985A1 (en) 1990-08-28 1990-11-03 Controlled low-temp. degasification of organic materials - in a ribbon reactor with separate screw stages electrically heated to different temps., e.g. 150, 350 and 700 deg c

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE4034985A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999033907A1 (en) * 1997-12-29 1999-07-08 Gebrüder Lödige Maschinenbau-Gesellschaft Mbh Method and device for processing automobile tires

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999033907A1 (en) * 1997-12-29 1999-07-08 Gebrüder Lödige Maschinenbau-Gesellschaft Mbh Method and device for processing automobile tires
US6364225B1 (en) 1997-12-29 2002-04-02 Gebruder Lodige Maschinenbau-Gesellschaft Mbh Method and device for processing automobile tires

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