DE4003064A1 - Device for the denitrification of exhaust gases - has suitable bacteria added to the washing liq. in the exhaust gas scrubber to break down the nitrate(s) - Google Patents

Device for the denitrification of exhaust gases - has suitable bacteria added to the washing liq. in the exhaust gas scrubber to break down the nitrate(s)

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Publication number
DE4003064A1
DE4003064A1 DE4003064A DE4003064A DE4003064A1 DE 4003064 A1 DE4003064 A1 DE 4003064A1 DE 4003064 A DE4003064 A DE 4003064A DE 4003064 A DE4003064 A DE 4003064A DE 4003064 A1 DE4003064 A1 DE 4003064A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
gas
scrubber
bacteria
denitrification
exhaust gases
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE4003064A
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German (de)
Inventor
Sieglinde Schober
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to DE4003064A priority Critical patent/DE4003064A1/en
Publication of DE4003064A1 publication Critical patent/DE4003064A1/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/84Biological processes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

A novel device for the denitrification of waste gases, consists of a gas scrubber whose washing liq. mixt. is treated with bacteria belonging to the families Pseudomonas Stutzeri or Micrococcus Denitrificans. Pref. a cooler in the form of a cooling coil is provided upstream of the scrubber inlet in order to reduce the gas temp. to a temp. which is suitable for the bacteria. An atomiser for the scrubbing liq. is provided above the gas inlet to the scrubber, and the liq. is delivered to this point by a pump from a container. The gas leaves the scrubber by an outlet. The dwell time of the gas in the scrubber is chosen so as to allow for the bacteria to reduce the nitrates to nitrogen gas. USE/ADVANTAGE - Used to reduce the concn. of NO and NO2 in gases being exhausted to the atmosphere. These components are damaging to the environment and contribute to the 'greenhouse effect'.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Denitrifikation von Abgasen.The invention relates to a device for denitrification of Exhaust.

Es ist bekannt, daß die ins Freie abgegebenen Abgase einen beachtlichen Anteil an NO oder NO2 aufweisen, wodurch die Umwelt schon deswegen merklich belastet wird, weil das Ansteigen dieser Gaskomponenten deutlich rascher erfolgt als deren Abbau. Dies hat u. a. zur Folge, daß der "Treibhauseffekt" beschleunigt wird.It is known that the exhaust gases released into the open have a considerable proportion of NO or NO 2 , which means that the environment is noticeably polluted because the increase in these gas components is significantly faster than their decomposition. One of the consequences of this is that the "greenhouse effect" is accelerated.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde hier Abhilfe zu schaffen.The object of the invention is to remedy this.

Die gestellte Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Gaswaschanlage gelöst, deren Flüssigkeitsgemisch mit Bakterien durchsetzt ist.The object is achieved by a Gas washer solved, its liquid mixture with bacteria is enforced.

Unter Denitrifikation ist die Umwandlung von z. B. durch Nitrifikation entstandenen Nitraten in Stickoxid, Distickstoffoxid oder freien Stickstoff durch Bakterien (z. B. Pseudomonas stutzeri und Micrococcus denitrificans), die in Ackerböden, am Meeresstrand und im Meer verbreitet sind. Starke Bodenbewässerung und Luftmangel begünstigen die Tätigkeit dieser Bakterien, die für die Landwirtschaft nachteilig ist, da durch sie der Nitrat-Stickstoff aus der Düngung der Pflanzenernährung entzogen wird. Die Denitrifikation-Bakterien sind Anaerobier, sie benutzen den bei der Reduktion von Nitraten freiwerdenden Sauerstoff als Wasserstoffakzeptor für den Abbau organischer Nährstoffe (Nitratatmung), was z. B. bei der Reinigung von Abwässer zur Stickstoffentfernung genutzt wird. Für die Denitrifikation sind, wie bereits erwähnt, sehr vorteilhaft Pseudomonasbakterien verwendbar. Hierbei handelt es sich um zur Familie der Pseudomona­ daceas gehörende gramm-negative, aerob wachsende Stäbchen-Bakterien, die im Boden, Wasser und Abwasser weit verbreitet sind. Sie sind polar begeißelt und bilden keine Sporen. Einige Pseudomonas-Arten sind zur Denitrifikation, andere zur Stickstoff-Fixierung befähigt.Denitrification is the conversion of e.g. B. by Nitrification created nitrates in nitrogen oxide, nitrous oxide or free nitrogen from bacteria (e.g. Pseudomonas stutzeri and Micrococcus denitrificans), in arable soil, on the sea beach and are widespread in the sea. Heavy soil irrigation and lack of air favor the activity of these bacteria, which are responsible for the Agriculture is disadvantageous because of the nitrate nitrogen is withdrawn from the fertilization of plant nutrition. The Denitrification bacteria are anaerobic, they use it the reduction of nitrate released oxygen as Hydrogen acceptor for the breakdown of organic nutrients  (Nitrate breathing), which e.g. B. in the purification of waste water Nitrogen removal is used. For denitrification, as already mentioned, very beneficial Pseudomonas bacteria usable. This is about the family of the pseudomona daceas' gram-negative, aerobically growing Stick bacteria that are found in soil, water and sewage are common. They are polar flagellated and do not form spores. Some Pseudomonas species are for denitrification, others for Enables nitrogen fixation.

Weitere zweckmäßige und vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung gehen aus den Unteransprüchen hervor.Further expedient and advantageous embodiments of the invention emerge from the subclaims.

Handelt es sich um eine Vorrichtung mit einem Gaseintritt- und einem -austritt, dann ist es zweckmäßig, wenn vor dem Gaseintritt eine Kühleinrichtung für die Abgase geschaltet ist, durch welche die Temperatur der Abgase auf die Normaltemperatur der Bakterien herabsetzbar ist. Hierbei können diese Maßnahmen auch so getroffen sein, daß die Kühleinrichtung in Form von Kälteschlangen ausgebildet ist.Is it a device with a gas inlet and an - outlet, then it is useful if before the gas inlet a cooling device for the exhaust gases is switched through which the temperature of the exhaust gases to the normal temperature of the bacteria is degradable. These measures can also be taken here be that the cooling device in the form of cold coils is trained.

Schließlich sieht eine Maßnahme der Erfindung vor, daß oberhalb des Gaseintrittes ein Flüssigkeitszerstäuber angeordnet ist.Finally, a measure of the invention provides that above a gas atomizer is arranged at the gas inlet.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher erläutert.An embodiment of the invention is in the drawing shown schematically and is explained in more detail below.

Die Figur läßt eine Gaswaschanlage mit einem Gaseintritt 1 und einem Gasaustritt 2 erkennen. In dem Behälter 6 befindet sich Flüssigkeit, die mittels einer Förderpumpe 7 über die Leitung zum Gaseintritt 1 befördert wird. Vor dem Gaseintritt wird die beförderte Flüssigkeit zerstäubt und im Gaseintritt mit dem Gas vermengt und nach unten befördert. Das Gas kann durch den Gasaustritt 2 aus der Gaswaschanlage entweichen. Im Bereich des Behälters befindet sich ein Überlauf 3 mit einem Abfluß 5, der an eine Entleerungsleitung 4 angeschlossen ist. Die Flüssigkeit ist im Behälter bis zum Überlauf gefüllt und mit Bakterien der Familie Pseudomonas oder Micrococcus denitrificans durchsetzt. Beim Befördern des Gas/Flüssigkeitsgemisches vom Gaseinlaß 1 bis zum Gasauslaß 2 reagieren die Bakterien mit dem in den Abgasen vorhandenen NO oder NO2. Die Dauer, die das Gas/Flüssigkeitsgemisch vom Gaseintritt 1 bis zum Gasaustritt 2 benötigt, ist so bemessen, daß es zur Umwandlung von Nitraten in Stickstoff kommen kann. Werden hierbei Bakterien mit geringer Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit eingesetzt, dann muß die Strecke zwischen dem Gaseintritt und dem -austritt künstlich verlängert werden.The figure shows a gas washing system with a gas inlet 1 and a gas outlet 2 . In the container 6 there is liquid which is conveyed by means of a feed pump 7 via the line to the gas inlet 1 . Before the gas enters, the liquid transported is atomized and mixed with the gas in the gas inlet and conveyed downward. The gas can escape through the gas outlet 2 from the gas washing system. In the area of the container there is an overflow 3 with a drain 5 which is connected to an emptying line 4 . The liquid is filled up to the overflow in the container and interspersed with bacteria of the family Pseudomonas or Micrococcus denitrificans. When the gas / liquid mixture is conveyed from gas inlet 1 to gas outlet 2 , the bacteria react with the NO or NO 2 present in the exhaust gases. The time required for the gas / liquid mixture from gas inlet 1 to gas outlet 2 is dimensioned such that nitrates can be converted into nitrogen. If bacteria with a slow reaction rate are used, the distance between the gas inlet and outlet must be artificially extended.

Claims (5)

1. Vorrichtung zur Denitrifikation von Abgasen, gekennzeichnet durch eine Gaswaschanlage, deren Flüssigkeitsgemisch mit Bakterien durchsetzt ist.1. Device for denitrification of exhaust gases, characterized by a gas scrubbing system, the liquid mixture of which is permeated with bacteria. 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bakterien zur Familie Pseudomonas stutzeri oder Micrococcus denitrificans gehören.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized, that the bacteria belonging to the family Pseudomonas stutzeri or Micrococcus denitrificans belong. 3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 mit einem Gaseintritt und einem -austritt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß vor dem Gaseintritt eine Kühleinrichtung für die Abgase geschaltet ist, durch welche die Temperatur der Abgase auf die Normaltemperatur der Bakterien herabsetzbar ist.3. Device according to claim 1 or 2 with a gas inlet and an exit, characterized, that before the gas inlet a cooling device for the exhaust gases is switched through which the temperature of the exhaust gases on the Normal temperature of the bacteria can be reduced. 4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kühleinrichtung in Form von Kälteschlangen ausgebildet ist.4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized,  that the cooling device is designed in the form of cooling coils is. 5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß oberhalb des Gaseintrittes ein Flüssigkeitszerstäuber angeordnet ist.5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized, that a liquid atomizer above the gas inlet is arranged.
DE4003064A 1990-02-02 1990-02-02 Device for the denitrification of exhaust gases - has suitable bacteria added to the washing liq. in the exhaust gas scrubber to break down the nitrate(s) Ceased DE4003064A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4003064A DE4003064A1 (en) 1990-02-02 1990-02-02 Device for the denitrification of exhaust gases - has suitable bacteria added to the washing liq. in the exhaust gas scrubber to break down the nitrate(s)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4003064A DE4003064A1 (en) 1990-02-02 1990-02-02 Device for the denitrification of exhaust gases - has suitable bacteria added to the washing liq. in the exhaust gas scrubber to break down the nitrate(s)

Publications (1)

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DE4003064A1 true DE4003064A1 (en) 1991-08-08

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5891408A (en) * 1995-02-06 1999-04-06 Biostar Development C.V. Process for purifying flue gas containing nitrogen oxides

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3423285C2 (en) * 1984-06-23 1989-03-30 Uwe 8000 Muenchen De Fuchs
DE3742219A1 (en) * 1987-12-12 1989-06-29 Linde Ag METHOD AND DEVICE FOR BIOLOGICAL PURIFICATION OF EXHAUST GAS

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3423285C2 (en) * 1984-06-23 1989-03-30 Uwe 8000 Muenchen De Fuchs
DE3742219A1 (en) * 1987-12-12 1989-06-29 Linde Ag METHOD AND DEVICE FOR BIOLOGICAL PURIFICATION OF EXHAUST GAS

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5891408A (en) * 1995-02-06 1999-04-06 Biostar Development C.V. Process for purifying flue gas containing nitrogen oxides
US6235248B1 (en) 1995-02-06 2001-05-22 Biostar Development C.V. Apparatus for purifying flue gas containing nitrogen oxides

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