DE3836426C1 - Electrode - Google Patents

Electrode

Info

Publication number
DE3836426C1
DE3836426C1 DE3836426A DE3836426A DE3836426C1 DE 3836426 C1 DE3836426 C1 DE 3836426C1 DE 3836426 A DE3836426 A DE 3836426A DE 3836426 A DE3836426 A DE 3836426A DE 3836426 C1 DE3836426 C1 DE 3836426C1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
coating
metal
electrode
electrode according
carrier
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
DE3836426A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Conrad Dipl.-Math. Dr. 6000 Frankfurt De Reynvaan
Arwed Dipl.-Phys. 6231 Schwalbach De Uecker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DEUTSCHE CARBONE AG 6000 FRANKFURT DE
Original Assignee
DEUTSCHE CARBONE AG 6000 FRANKFURT DE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DEUTSCHE CARBONE AG 6000 FRANKFURT DE filed Critical DEUTSCHE CARBONE AG 6000 FRANKFURT DE
Priority to DE3836426A priority Critical patent/DE3836426C1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3836426C1 publication Critical patent/DE3836426C1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/96—Carbon-based electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
    • C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
    • C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
    • G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
    • G01N27/308—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells at least partially made of carbon
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
  • Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Described is an electrode for use in electrochemical processes, consisting of a support and a coating of metal-containing, hydrogenised amorphous carbon. The coating is non-passivating and can be produced more economically than known electrodes of this type whose coating contains noble metals.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Elektrode zur Verwendung bei elektrochemischen Prozessen, bestehend aus einem Träger und einer nicht passivierenden Beschichtung des Trägers.The invention relates to an electrode for use in electrochemical processes consisting of a carrier and a non-passivating coating on the carrier.

Es sind dimensionsstabile Elektroden bekannt, die sich für elektrochemische Prozesse einsetzen lassen und die als Anode nicht oder nur unmerklich korrodieren. Diese Elektroden werden im allgemeinen aus Schichtmaterialien hergestellt, wobei auf einen Metallträger, im allgemeinen aus Titan, eine nicht passivierende Schicht aufgetragen wird. Diese Schicht enthält im allgemeinen Edelmetalle. Sie ist daher von ihren Werkstoffkosten und in ihrer Herstellung her sehr teuer.Dimensionally stable electrodes are known which are suitable for Let electrochemical processes be used and that as an anode not or only imperceptibly corrode. These electrodes are generally made from sheet materials, being on a metal support, generally made of titanium, a non-passivating layer is applied. This layer generally contains precious metals. It is therefore of hers Material costs and very expensive to manufacture.

So beschreibt die DE-PS 21 35 226 eine derartige Elektrode aus Titan, die mit einer durch Carburierung erhaltenen gra­ phitischen Kohlenstoffschicht versehen ist, wobei eine aus Titancarbid bestehende Zwischenschicht vorgesehen ist.DE-PS 21 35 226 describes such an electrode made of titanium with a gra obtained by carburization phitic carbon layer is provided, one of Titanium carbide existing intermediate layer is provided.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine derar­ tige Elektrode vorzuschlagen, die bei gleicher Funktion kostengünstiger hergestellt werden kann.The invention is therefore based on the object to propose the electrode with the same function can be produced more cost-effectively.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist die Erfindung dadurch gekenn­ zeichnet, daß die Beschichtung aus metallhaltigem, hydrogeni­ siertem, amorphem Kohlenstoff (a-C:H(M)) besteht. Herstellung und Eigenschaften dieser Kohlenstoffmaterialien sind be­ schrieben, zum Beispiel in dem Buch "Amorphous hydrogenated carbon films", herausgegeben im Verlag Le Editions de Physi­ que. Herausgeber: P. Koidl, P. Oelhafen. Diese Schichten befinden sich in ihren physikalischen Eigenschaften als Werkstoff zwischen Graphit, Diamant und Kohlenwasserstoffpolymeren. Im allgemeinen sind sie nicht leitend. In letzter Zeit ist es auch gelungen, durch Einlagerung von Metallatomen diese Schichten leitend zu machen.To achieve this object, the invention is characterized records that the coating of metal-containing, hydrogeni based, amorphous carbon (a-C: H (M)). Manufacturing and properties of these carbon materials are wrote, for example in the book "Amorphous hydrogenated carbon films ", published by Le Editions de Physi que. Publisher: P. Koidl, P. Oelhafen. These layers are in their physical properties as Material between graphite,  Diamond and hydrocarbon polymers. Generally are they are not leading. Lately, by incorporating metal atoms, these layers become conductive do.

Bei der elektrochemischen Untersuchung solcher Schichten stellte sich nun überrraschenderweise heraus, daß die in solche Schichten eingelagerten Metalle im Betrieb nicht passivieren, selbst wenn es sich nicht um Edelmetalle han­ delt, und daß durch die erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen somit eine ausreichende Leitfähigkeit erhalten werden kann.In the electrochemical investigation of such layers It now surprisingly turned out that the in such layers of embedded metals are not in operation passivate, even if it is not a precious metal delt, and thus by the measures according to the invention sufficient conductivity can be obtained.

Für den Träger wird man ein herkömmliches Material verwenden, vorzugsweise ein passivierbares Metall und abermals vor­ zugsweise Titan.A conventional material will be used for the carrier, preferably a passivable metal and again before preferably titanium.

Für das Metall der Beschichtung wird ein Karbidbildner bevor­ zugt, vorzugsweise Tantal.A carbide former is used for the metal of the coating trains, preferably tantalum.

Versuche haben ergeben, daß es ausreicht, wenn die Beschich­ tung unter 40 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 5 bis 10 Gew.-%, Metall enthält.Experiments have shown that it is sufficient if the coating tion below 40 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 10 wt .-%, metal contains.

Die Dicke der Beschichtung wird sich nach deren Zusammen­ setzung richten. Verwendet man Tantal als Metall der Be­ schichtung, so lassen sich gute Ergebnisse mit einer Dicke der Beschichtung zwischen 0,8 bis 1,2 µm, vorzugsweise 1 µm, erzielen.The thickness of the coating will vary according to its combination direct settlement. If tantalum is used as the metal of the Be layering, so you can get good results with a thickness the coating between 0.8 and 1.2 µm, preferably 1 µm, achieve.

Claims (7)

1. Elektrode zur Verwendung bei elektrochemischen Prozessen, bestehend aus einem Träger und einer nicht passivierenden Beschichtung des Trägers, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Beschichtung aus metallhaltigem, hydrogenisier­ tem, amorphem Kohlenstoff (a-C:H(M)) besteht.1. Electrode for use in electrochemical processes, consisting of a carrier and a non-passivating coating of the carrier, characterized in that the coating consists of metal-containing, hydrogenated, amorphous carbon (aC: H (M)). 2. Elektrode nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Träger aus einem passivierbarem Metall besteht.2. electrode according to claim 1, characterized, that the carrier consists of a passivable metal. 3. Elektrode nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Träger aus Titan besteht.3. electrode according to claim 2, characterized, that the carrier is made of titanium. 4. Elektrode nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Metall der Beschichtung ein Karbidbildner ist.4. Electrode according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized, that the metal of the coating is a carbide former. 5. Elektrode nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Metall der Beschichtung Tantal ist.5. electrode according to claim 4, characterized, that the metal of the coating is tantalum. 6. Elektrode nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der Beschichtung unter 40 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 5 bis 10 Gew.-%, Metall vorhanden ist. 6. Electrode according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized, that in the coating below 40 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 10 wt .-%, metal is present.   7. Elektrode nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dicke der Beschichtung 0,8 bis 1,2 µm beträgt, vorzugsweise 1 µm.7. Electrode according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized, that the thickness of the coating is 0.8 to 1.2 µm, preferably 1 µm.
DE3836426A 1988-10-26 1988-10-26 Electrode Expired - Fee Related DE3836426C1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3836426A DE3836426C1 (en) 1988-10-26 1988-10-26 Electrode

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3836426A DE3836426C1 (en) 1988-10-26 1988-10-26 Electrode

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE3836426C1 true DE3836426C1 (en) 1990-02-22

Family

ID=6365935

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE3836426A Expired - Fee Related DE3836426C1 (en) 1988-10-26 1988-10-26 Electrode

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE3836426C1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1690594A1 (en) * 2005-02-15 2006-08-16 Hitachi, Ltd. Catalyst structure and exhaust gas treatment system provided with catalyst
US7105252B2 (en) 2002-05-22 2006-09-12 Firefly Energy, Inc. Carbon coated battery electrodes
EP1693911A3 (en) * 2005-02-14 2006-09-27 Hitachi, Ltd. Catalyst structure, process for producing same and fuel cell provided with catalyst

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2135226C3 (en) * 1971-07-14 1974-01-31 Rheinisch-Westfaelisches Elektrizitaetswerk Ag, 4300 Essen Titanium mass carrier and conductive protective layer applied to it for the electrodes of lead-acid batteries

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2135226C3 (en) * 1971-07-14 1974-01-31 Rheinisch-Westfaelisches Elektrizitaetswerk Ag, 4300 Essen Titanium mass carrier and conductive protective layer applied to it for the electrodes of lead-acid batteries

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
FR-B.: KOIDL, P., OELHAFEN, P., Ed.: Amorphous hydrogenated carbon films, Verlag le Editions de Physique, 1987 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7105252B2 (en) 2002-05-22 2006-09-12 Firefly Energy, Inc. Carbon coated battery electrodes
EP1693911A3 (en) * 2005-02-14 2006-09-27 Hitachi, Ltd. Catalyst structure, process for producing same and fuel cell provided with catalyst
KR100753730B1 (en) 2005-02-14 2007-08-30 가부시키가이샤 히타치세이사쿠쇼 Catalyst Structure, Process for Producing the Same and Fuel Cell Having the Catalyst
EP1690594A1 (en) * 2005-02-15 2006-08-16 Hitachi, Ltd. Catalyst structure and exhaust gas treatment system provided with catalyst

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
8100 Publication of the examined application without publication of unexamined application
D1 Grant (no unexamined application published) patent law 81
8364 No opposition during term of opposition
8339 Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee