DE3833776C2 - Device for extruding a thermoplastic melt - Google Patents

Device for extruding a thermoplastic melt

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Publication number
DE3833776C2
DE3833776C2 DE3833776A DE3833776A DE3833776C2 DE 3833776 C2 DE3833776 C2 DE 3833776C2 DE 3833776 A DE3833776 A DE 3833776A DE 3833776 A DE3833776 A DE 3833776A DE 3833776 C2 DE3833776 C2 DE 3833776C2
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
extruder
melt
speed
gear pump
thermoplastic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
DE3833776A
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE3833776A1 (en
Inventor
Egon Dipl Ing Gathmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oerlikon Barmag AG
Original Assignee
Barmag AG
Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Barmag AG, Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik AG filed Critical Barmag AG
Priority to DE3833776A priority Critical patent/DE3833776C2/en
Publication of DE3833776A1 publication Critical patent/DE3833776A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3833776C2 publication Critical patent/DE3833776C2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
    • B29C48/83—Heating or cooling the cylinders
    • B29C48/832—Heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/365—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using pumps, e.g. piston pumps
    • B29C48/37—Gear pumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/375—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages
    • B29C48/387—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages using a screw extruder and a gear pump
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
    • B29C2948/92019—Pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
    • B29C2948/92038—Torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
    • B29C2948/92047—Energy, power, electric current or voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
    • B29C2948/92085—Velocity
    • B29C2948/92095—Angular velocity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
    • B29C2948/92209—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92323—Location or phase of measurement
    • B29C2948/92361—Extrusion unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92323—Location or phase of measurement
    • B29C2948/92361—Extrusion unit
    • B29C2948/9238—Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
    • B29C2948/9239—Screw or gear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92514—Pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92533—Torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/9258—Velocity
    • B29C2948/9259—Angular velocity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92704—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92828—Raw material handling or dosing, e.g. active hopper or feeding device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
    • B29C2948/92876—Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
    • B29C2948/92885—Screw or gear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/69—Filters or screens for the moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/69—Filters or screens for the moulding material
    • B29C48/693—Substantially flat filters mounted at the end of an extruder screw perpendicular to the feed axis

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des ersten Anspruchs.The invention relates to a device according to the Preamble of the first claim.

Eine derartige Vorrichtung ist aus der DE-AS 15 54 833 bekannt. Bei dieser Schneckenpresse erfolgt die Verfahrensführung lediglich durch Erfassung und Überwachung des Drucks am Ende des Extruders.Such a device is known from DE-AS 15 54 833. At This screw press is only used for the process by recording and monitoring the pressure at the end of the extruder.

Ein derartiges Verfahren kann jedoch keinesfalls die komplexen Verhältnisse im Extruderzylinder, insbesondere nicht die relevan­ ten Parameter zwischen der Schmelze und den mechanisch auf die Schmelze wirkenden Reib- und Scherkräften auf dem Weg durch den Extruder erfassen.However, such a method can by no means be complex Conditions in the extruder barrel, especially not the relevant ones th parameters between the melt and the mechanically on the Melting friction and shear forces on the way through the Detect extruder.

Weitere Vorrichtungen sind aus der DE 31 33 647 C2 bekannt. Dort ist eine Temperaturüberwachung nicht vorgesehen.Further devices are known from DE 31 33 647 C2. There is temperature monitoring is not provided.

Weiterhin ist aus der DE 29 10 041 C2 bekannt, die Schmelze mit einer konstanten Temperatur auszupressen. Dies erfolgt jedenfalls nicht über eine Temperaturüberwachung. Insbesondere sind dort keine Maßnahmen zur Einstellung der gewünschten Schmelzetemperatur getroffen.Furthermore, it is known from DE 29 10 041 C2 that the melt with a to express constant temperature. In any case, this does not happen via a temperature monitor. In particular, there are none Measures to set the desired melt temperature met.

Die Erfindung betrifft jedoch vor allem Ein-Schnecken- Extruder.However, the invention relates primarily to single-screw Extruder.

Die kaskadenförmige Hintereinanderschaltung eines Extruders und einer Pumpe hat den Vorteil, daß der Austrag der thermo­ plastischen Schmelze mit großer Gleichmäßigkeit des Mate­ rials, der Temperatur und des Drucks auch gegen hohen Druck erfolgen kann. Insbesondere ist es möglich, den Extruder im adiabatischen Betrieb, d. h. bei hohen Drehzahlen und hoher Scherleistung zu fahren, so daß auch mit einem kleinen Extru­ der und bei geringer Leistung ein hoher Ausstoß erzielt werden kann. Der Nachteil ist jedoch, daß hierbei eine Druck­ regelung des Schmelzedrucks zwischen Extruder und Pumpe erfolgen muß, indem die Drehzahl des Extruders entsprechend nachgestellt wird. Dadurch verliert man bei dem adiabatischen Extruder die Möglichkeit, die Scherleistung und damit die Aufschmelzleistung zu beeinflussen, um einerseits ausreichend hohe Schmelzetemperaturen zu erzielen, eine Überhitzung andererseits aber zu vermeiden.The cascade connection of an extruder and a pump has the advantage that the discharge of the thermo plastic melt with great uniformity of the mate rials, temperature and pressure even against high pressure can be done. In particular, it is possible to use the extruder in adiabatic operation, d. H. at high speeds and high Shear performance to drive, so even with a small extru which achieves a high output with low output can be. The disadvantage, however, is that this creates pressure regulation of the melt pressure between extruder and pump must be done by changing the speed of the extruder accordingly is adjusted. As a result, you lose with the adiabatic Extruder the possibility of shear performance and thus the To influence melting performance, on the one hand, sufficient to achieve high melt temperatures, overheating on the other hand to be avoided.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, die Vorrichtung so auszugestalten, daß das produzierte Ergebnis durch eine verbesserte Verfahrens­ führung homogener wird.The object of the invention is to design the device in such a way that the result produced by an improved process leadership becomes more homogeneous.

Die Lösung der Aufgabe ergibt sich aus dem Kennzeichen von Anspruch 1 in Zuordnung zu dessen Oberbegriff.The solution to the problem results from the characterizing part of claim 1 in association with its preamble.

Dabei ergibt sich, daß der Extruder "unterfüttert" gefahren wird. Das heißt: Die Dosiereinrichtung ist so eingestellt, daß der Extruder nicht vollständig gefüllt wird. Dadurch ergibt sich die Möglichkeit, das Drehmoment des Extruders, welches ein Maß für die Scherleistung ist, durch entspre­ chende Verstellung der mittels der Dosiereinrichtung zuge­ führten Menge des thermoplastischen Materials so zu verstel­ len und einzustellen, daß vorgegebene Temperaturwerte erzielt werden.The result is that the extruder is "relined"  becomes. That means: the dosing device is set so that the extruder is not completely filled. Thereby the possibility arises, the torque of the extruder, which is a measure of the shear performance by appropriate adjustment of the supplied by means of the metering device led to adjust amount of thermoplastic material len and adjust that predefined temperature values are achieved become.

Das Drehmoment der Extruderschnecke kann z. B. durch Messung des vom Antriebsmotor aufgenommenen Stroms gemessen werden.The torque of the extruder screw can e.g. B. by measurement of the current drawn by the drive motor can be measured.

Es erfolgt sodann eine Sollwertvorgabe des Stroms und die zugeführte Menge des thermoplastischen Materials wird so ein­ gestellt, daß der gemessene Strom dem Sollwert entspricht.There is then a setpoint specification of the current and the supplied amount of the thermoplastic material becomes such set that the measured current corresponds to the setpoint.

Eine weitere Beherrschung der Verfahrensführung wird dadurch erzielt, daß auch die Temperatur der Schmelze entweder im Endbereich des Extruders oder zwischen Extruder und Pumpe oder hinter der Pumpe gemessen und die Sollwertvorgabe, die das Drehmoment repräsentiert, also z. B. die Sollwertvorgabe des Stroms des Antriebsmotors, so nachverstellt wird, daß die Temperatur innerhalb der vorgegebenen Grenzen bleibt.This will further control the process achieved that the temperature of the melt either in End area of the extruder or between extruder and pump or measured behind the pump and the setpoint that represents the torque, e.g. B. the setpoint specification the current of the drive motor is adjusted so that the Temperature remains within the specified limits.

Im folgenden wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung beschrieben.The following is an embodiment of the invention described.

Die Vorrichtung zum Extrudieren thermoplastischer Massen besteht aus 1. Dosiereinrichtung, 2. Extruder, 3. Filter, 4. Zahnrad­ pumpe, 5. Extrusionswerkzeug.The device for extruding thermoplastic materials consists of 1 . Dosing device, 2 . Extruder, 3 . Filter, 4 . Gear pump, 5 . Extrusion tool.

Bei der Dosiereinrichtung 1 kann es sich z. B. um eine Förder­ schnecke handeln, die durch einen Motor 7 angetrieben wird.In the metering device 1 , it can be, for. B. is a screw conveyor, which is driven by a motor 7 .

Die Dosiereinrichtung 1 wird über einen Trichter 8 mit einem Granu­ lat des thermoplastischen Materials beschickt. Die Förder­ schnecke ist so ausgelegt, daß keine oder nur eine geringfü­ gige Plastifizierung und Erwärmung des thermoplastischen Materials erfolgt. Durch ein Meßgerät 9 wird die Drehzahl des Antriebsmotors 7 gemessen und mit einem vorgegebenen Sollwert nsoll sowie einem weiteren Signal 11 verglichen. Das Ver­ gleichssignal wird einem Leistungsregler 10 zur Ausregelung der Drehzahl aufgegeben. Auf die Erzeugung und Bedeutung des Signals 11 wird später eingegangen.The metering device 1 is fed via a funnel 8 with a granulate of the thermoplastic material. The conveyor screw is designed so that there is little or no plasticization and heating of the thermoplastic material. By a measuring device 9, the speed of the drive motor 7 is measured and is n with a predetermined reference value, and a further signal 11 are compared. The comparison signal is given to a power controller 10 for regulating the speed. The generation and meaning of signal 11 will be discussed later.

Das aus der Dosiereinrichtung 1 ausgetragene Granulat wird über einen Trichter 12 dem Extruder zugeführt. Der Extruder 2 wird durch einen Motor 13 mit hoher Drehzahl angetrieben. Die (nicht dargestellte) Schnecke des Extruders 2 ist so ausgelegt, daß bei der vorgegebenen hohen Drehzahl eine sehr hohe Scher­ leistung erbracht werden kann. Daher ist der Extruder ohne weitere Wärmezufuhr in der Lage, das zugeführte thermopla­ stische Material aufzuschmelzen. Der Extruder arbeitet also adiabatisch. Die Schmelze wird durch den Filter 3 gefiltert und sodann durch die Zahnradpumpe gegen den hohen Druck des Extrusi­ onswerkzeuges 5 z. B. als Folie 6 ausgetragen.The granulate discharged from the metering device 1 is fed to the extruder via a funnel 12 . The extruder 2 is driven by a motor 13 at high speed. The (not shown) screw of the extruder 2 is designed so that a very high shear performance can be achieved at the predetermined high speed. Therefore, the extruder is able to melt the supplied thermoplastic material without additional heat. The extruder works adiabatically. The melt is filtered through the filter 3 and then by the gear pump against the high pressure of the extrusi onswerkzeuges 5 z. B. discharged as a film 6 .

Die Schnecke des Extruders 2 benötigt an ihrem Ende keine Druckaufbauzone und allenfalls eine kurze Homogenisierzone, da beide Funktionen vor allem durch die nachfolgende Zahnrad­ pumpe 4 erfüllt werden. Die Zahnpumpe 4 wird durch einen nicht dargestellten Antriebsmotor über einen Leistungsregler 14 mit konstanter Drehzahl angetrieben. Daher ist der Ausstoß der Zahnradpumpe 4 sowie der gegen das Extrusionswerkzeug 5 erzeugte Schmelzedruck konstant.The screw of the extruder 2 does not require a pressure build-up zone at the end and, if need be, a short homogenization zone, since both functions are primarily performed by the following gear pump 4 . The toothed pump 4 is driven by a drive motor, not shown, via a power controller 14 at a constant speed. Therefore, the output of the gear pump 4 and the melt pressure generated against the extrusion tool 5 is constant.

Zwischen dem Ausgang des Extruders 2 und dem Filter 3 bzw. der Zahnradpumpe 4 ist ein Drucksensor vorgesehen, durch den der Druck p1 bzw. p2 der aus dem Extruder austretenden thermoplastischen Schmelze ermittelt wird. Es sei hinzugefügt, daß der Druck verhältnismäßig nied­ rig ist und z. B. 30 bar beträgt. A pressure sensor is provided between the outlet of the extruder 2 and the filter 3 or the gear pump 4 , by means of which the pressure p1 or p2 of the thermoplastic melt emerging from the extruder is determined. It should be added that the pressure is relatively low rig and z. B. is 30 bar.

Das Meßsignal des Drucks wird über einen Wandler 15 einem Regler 16 zugeführt. In dem Regler 16 wird zum einen der Sollwert nsoll der Extruderdrehzahl und der gemessene Istwert nmess der Extruderdrehzahl miteinander verglichen. Dabei wird die Sollwertdrehzahl des Extruders durch ein Drucksignal 17 nachgesteuert. Das entstehende Ausgangssignal 18 ist der Strom, mit dem der Extrudermotor 13 beaufschlagt wird. Durch diese Rückführung des Schmelzedrucks zwischen Extruder 2 und Filter 3 wird bewirkt, daß der Druck vor dem Filter 3 kon­ stant bleibt.The measurement signal of the pressure is fed to a controller 16 via a converter 15 . In the controller 16 the set point is the one to n, the extruder speed and the measured actual value n compared measuring the extruder speed. The setpoint speed of the extruder is readjusted by a pressure signal 17 . The resulting output signal 18 is the current that is applied to the extruder motor 13 . This feedback of the melt pressure between extruder 2 and filter 3 causes the pressure upstream of the filter 3 to remain constant.

Der Strom Iist, der dem Extrudermotor 13 aufgegeben wird, ist gleichzeitig ein Maß für die augenblickliche Scherleistung des Extruders. Dieser Strom wird durch eine Meßeinrichtung 19 gemessen. Das Ausgangssignal Imess wird mit einem Sollwert­ signal Isoll verglichen. Das Differenzsignal ist das bereits zuvor erwähnte Signal 11, das gemeinsam mit dem Signal nmess und dem Signal nsoll der Dosiereinrichtung aufgegeben wird. Durch diese Rückführung des Drehmoment-Meßsignales auf den Antrieb der Dosiereinrichtung wird erreicht, daß stets so viel thermoplastische Masse dem Extruder zugeführt wird, daß die Scherleistung des Extruders konstant bleibt. Durch Ein­ stellung des Sollwertes des Drehmoments bzw. Stroms Isoll kann die Scherleistung und damit auch die der thermopla­ stischen Masse zugeführte Wärme und die in der thermopla­ stischen Masse erzielte Temperatur eingestellt werden.The current I ist , which is given to the extruder motor 13 , is also a measure of the instantaneous shear performance of the extruder. This current is measured by a measuring device 19 . The output signal I mess is compared with a setpoint signal I soll . The difference signal is the signal 11 already mentioned, which is given to the metering device together with the signal n mess and the signal n should . This feedback of the torque measurement signal to the drive of the metering device ensures that so much thermoplastic material is always fed to the extruder that the shear rate of the extruder remains constant. By setting the target value of the torque or current I should , the shear power and thus also the heat supplied to the thermoplastic mass and the temperature achieved in the thermoplastic mass can be adjusted.

Zusätzlich ist auch eine Überwachung der Temperatur möglich. Hierzu ist zwischen dem Extruderausgang und dem Filter 3 ein Temperaturmeßelement vorgesehen. Das Temperatursignal tist wird über einen Wandler in das Temperatursignal Tmess umge­ formt. Das Temperatursignal Tmess wird mit dem eingestellten Sollwert Isoll verglichen. Erst das Differenzsignal wird mit dem Drehmoment-Meßwert Imess verglichen und zur Einstellung der Drehzahl des Dosiergerätes benutzt. Die zugeführte Dosiermenge wird also zusätzlich so eingestellt, daß eine bestimmte Sollwert-Temperatur Tsoll erreicht wird.Temperature monitoring is also possible. For this purpose, a temperature measuring element is provided between the extruder outlet and the filter 3 . The temperature signal t ist is converted into the temperature signal T mess by a converter. The temperature signal T mess is the set value I soll. Only the difference signal is compared with the measured torque value I mess and used to set the speed of the metering device. The metered quantity supplied is therefore additionally set such that a specific setpoint temperature T setpoint is reached.

BezugszeichenlisteReference list

1 Dosiereinrichtung
2 Extruder
3 Filter
4 Zahnradpumpe
5 Extrusionswerkzeug
6 Folie
7 Antriebsmotor
8 Trichter
9 Meßgerät
10 Leistungsregler
11 Signal
12 Trichter
13 Extrudermotor
14 Leistungsregler
15 Wandler
16 Regler
17 Drucksignal
18 Ausgangssignal
19 Meßeinrichtung
20 Vergleichseinrichtung. 1 dosing device
2 extruders
3 filters
4 gear pump
5 extrusion tool
6 slide
7 drive motor
8 funnels
9 measuring device
10 power controllers
11 signal
12 funnels
13 extruder motor
14 power controller
15 converters
16 controllers
17 pressure signal
18 output signal
19 measuring device
20 comparison device.

Claims (4)

1. Vorrichtung zur Extrusion einer thermoplastischen Schmel­ ze, mit der Hintereinanderschaltung einer Dosiereinrichtung zur dosierten Zuführung des thermoplastischen Materials mit einstellbarer Dosierge­ schwindigkeit (Menge pro Zeiteinheit), eines Extruders zum Aufschmelzen des zugeführten thermo­ plastischen Materials und einer mit konstanter Drehzahl angetriebenen Zahnrad­ pumpe zum Austragen der thermoplastischen Schmelze gegen hohen Druck, wobei der Schmelzedruck zwischen Extruder und Zahnradpumpe über die Drehzahl des Extruders auf einen konstanten Wert ausgeregelt wird und wobei das Drehmoment der Extruderschnecke durch Verstellung der Dosiergeschwindigkeit der Dosiereinrichtung auf einen Drehmoment-Sollwert ausgeregelt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zusätzlich die Schmelzetemperatur im Endbereich des Extruders gemessen und durch Verstellung des Drehmoment- Sollwertes in vorgegebenen Grenzen ausgeregelt wird.1. Device for extrusion of a thermoplastic melt, with the series connection of a metering device for metered feeding of the thermoplastic material with adjustable Dosierge speed (amount per unit of time), an extruder for melting the thermoplastic material supplied and a gear pump driven at a constant speed for discharge the thermoplastic melt against high pressure, the melt pressure between the extruder and the gear pump being regulated to a constant value via the speed of the extruder and the torque of the extruder screw being regulated to a torque setpoint by adjusting the metering speed of the metering device, characterized in that additionally the melt temperature in the end area of the extruder is measured and adjusted within predetermined limits by adjusting the torque setpoint. 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schmelzetemperatur zwischen Extruder und Zahn­ radpumpe gemessen wird.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the melt temperature between extruder and tooth wheel pump is measured. 3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schmelzetemperatur hinter der Zahnradpumpe ge­ messen wird.3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that  the melt temperature behind the gear pump will measure. 4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Extruder ohne Wärmezufuhr adiabatisch betreibbar ist.4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the extruder can be operated adiabatically without the addition of heat is.
DE3833776A 1987-10-08 1988-10-05 Device for extruding a thermoplastic melt Expired - Fee Related DE3833776C2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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DE3833776A DE3833776C2 (en) 1987-10-08 1988-10-05 Device for extruding a thermoplastic melt

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3733979 1987-10-08
DE3833776A DE3833776C2 (en) 1987-10-08 1988-10-05 Device for extruding a thermoplastic melt

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DE3833776C2 true DE3833776C2 (en) 1995-11-23

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DE10021730A1 (en) * 2000-05-04 2001-11-08 Krupp Werner & Pfleiderer Gmbh Plant for the preparation and processing of thermoplastic

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DE3917523A1 (en) * 1989-05-30 1990-12-06 Beck Erich Dipl Ing Fh METHOD FOR ADJUSTING AND STABILIZING THE MASS TEMPERATURE WITHOUT DEGREELING IN THE PROCESSING OF THERMOPLASTIC PLASTICS
DE4032935C2 (en) * 1989-10-28 1994-12-01 Barmag Barmer Maschf Screw press
DE4236364C1 (en) * 1992-10-28 1993-10-28 Anton Breyer Ohg Control of output from plastics extrusion equipment - uses extruder or melt pump between extruder and die to alternately vary and pre-pressure
DE19503508A1 (en) * 1995-02-03 1996-08-08 Werner & Pfleiderer Control procedures for extrusion machines
DE19857287A1 (en) * 1998-12-13 2000-06-15 Dieffenbacher Gmbh Maschf Process and plant for the production of fiber-reinforced plastic masses
ATE284779T1 (en) 1999-09-03 2005-01-15 Datron Electronic Gmbh METHOD FOR THE DOSAGED APPLICATION OF A STRAIN OF A VISCOUS MEDIUM AND FEED PUMP FOR CARRYING OUT THIS METHOD
JP5639385B2 (en) 2010-05-28 2014-12-10 宏平 澤 Kneading extruder

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GB998063A (en) * 1963-02-18 1965-07-14 Du Pont Process and apparatus for the extrusion of fusible polymers
GB1242733A (en) * 1967-10-24 1971-08-11 Rudolf Paul Fritsch A slit-shaped extrusion nozzle for extrusion of synthetic thermoplastics materials
DE2910041C2 (en) * 1979-03-14 1982-10-21 Vjačeslav Vasil'evič Šaronov Screw press for processing polymeric materials
DE3133647A1 (en) * 1981-08-26 1983-03-17 Hermann Berstorff Maschinenbau Gmbh, 3000 Hannover Device for compounding plastic moulding compositions
DE3600041A1 (en) * 1986-01-03 1987-07-09 Reifenhaeuser Masch System for the production of plastic semi-finished product from foamed plastic

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10021730A1 (en) * 2000-05-04 2001-11-08 Krupp Werner & Pfleiderer Gmbh Plant for the preparation and processing of thermoplastic

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