DE3823817C1 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
DE3823817C1
DE3823817C1 DE3823817A DE3823817A DE3823817C1 DE 3823817 C1 DE3823817 C1 DE 3823817C1 DE 3823817 A DE3823817 A DE 3823817A DE 3823817 A DE3823817 A DE 3823817A DE 3823817 C1 DE3823817 C1 DE 3823817C1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
profiles
polymer
melted
joining surfaces
moldings
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DE3823817A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Des Erfinders Auf Nennung Verzicht
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rehau Automotive SE and Co KG
Original Assignee
Rehau AG and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rehau AG and Co filed Critical Rehau AG and Co
Priority to DE3823817A priority Critical patent/DE3823817C1/de
Priority to EP19890110969 priority patent/EP0350651A3/de
Priority to JP1180660A priority patent/JPH02258233A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3823817C1 publication Critical patent/DE3823817C1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/12—Bonding of a preformed macromolecular material to the same or other solid material such as metal, glass, leather, e.g. using adhesives
    • C08J5/124—Bonding of a preformed macromolecular material to the same or other solid material such as metal, glass, leather, e.g. using adhesives using adhesives based on a macromolecular component
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
    • B29C65/481—Non-reactive adhesives, e.g. physically hardening adhesives
    • B29C65/4815—Hot melt adhesives, e.g. thermoplastic adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5057—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like positioned between the surfaces to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/52—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive
    • B29C65/523—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive by dipping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/02—Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B29C66/1142—Single butt to butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221—Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/524—Joining profiled elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73753—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being partially cured, i.e. partially cross-linked, partially vulcanized
    • B29C66/73754—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being partially cured, i.e. partially cross-linked, partially vulcanized the to-be-joined areas of both parts to be joined being partially cured
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73755—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being fully cured, i.e. fully cross-linked, fully vulcanized
    • B29C66/73756—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being fully cured, i.e. fully cross-linked, fully vulcanized the to-be-joined areas of both parts to be joined being fully cured
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7377—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline
    • B29C66/73773—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being semi-crystalline
    • B29C66/73774—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being semi-crystalline the to-be-joined areas of both parts to be joined being semi-crystalline
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7377—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline
    • B29C66/73775—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being crystalline
    • B29C66/73776—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being crystalline the to-be-joined areas of both parts to be joined being crystalline
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
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    • B29C66/9192—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
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    • B29C65/486—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by their physical form being non-liquid, e.g. in the form of granules or powders
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    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/24—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped crosslinked or vulcanised
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
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    • B29K2105/243—Partially cured
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
    • B29L2023/22—Tubes or pipes, i.e. rigid

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Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Verbinden von Formkörpern, Pro­ filen und dergleichen aus vernetzten, teilvernetzten bzw. ultrahochmole­ kularen polymeren Materialien, bei dem die Fügeflächen der Formkörper/- Profile durch Wärmezuführung von außen aufgeschmolzen und unter Anwen­ dung von Preßdruck miteinander verschweißt werden.
Verbindungen von Formkörpern, Profilen und dergleichen aus vernetzten oder ultrahochmolekularen Materialien erfolgen nach dem Stand der Tech­ nik über Fittinge aus artfremden Materialien. So ist aus der DE-OS 21 49 136 ein Fitting mit einer rohrförmigen Einstecktülle und ei­ nem der Einstecktülle überlagerten Spannring bekannt geworden, wobei dieser Spannring axial gegenüber der Einstecktülle verstellbar ist. Die Einstecktülle weist dabei einen gegen ihr freies Ende zunehmenden Durch­ messer und der Spannring eine konische Innenbohrung auf, welche gegen das freie Ende der Einstecktülle erweitert ist. Bei dem Rohrverbinder des Standes der Technik ist der Unterschied zwischen dem kleinsten Ra­ dius der konischen Innenbohrung des Spannringes und dem größten Radius der Einstecktülle kleiner als die Wanddicke des zu verbindenden Rohres ausgeführt. Das Rohr wird auf die Einstecktülle aufgeschoben und darauf­ hin durch axiales Verschieben des Spannringes auf der Einstecktülle festgespannt.
Der bekannte Klemmverbinder hat den Nachteil, daß sich beim Betrieb die konische Klemmhülse vom Rohr lösen kann, wodurch die Klemmverbindung un­ dicht wird. Bei einem Rohr aus vernetztem Polyethylen erklärt sich die­ ser Vorgang so, daß das im Bereich der Klemmverbindung eingespannte ver­ netzte Polyethylen das Bestreben hat, sich zu dehnen.
Daran wird das Rohr durch die aufgespannte konische Klemmhülse gehin­ dert. Bei Wechseltemperaturbeanspruchungen jedoch, z.B. bei der Abküh­ lung nach der Durchleitung von warmen Fluiden, schrumpft der Bereich des eingeklemmten Polyethylen-Rohres entsprechend der Temperaturdifferenz zurück. Dadurch kann es zu einer Spaltbildung zwischen der Klemmhülse und dem Rohr aus vernetztem Polyethylen kommen. Bei der nächsten Druck­ beaufschlagung kann es dann zum Herausschieben des vernetzten Polyethy­ len-Rohres aus dem Klemmverbinder kommen.
Durch die DE-PS 36 08 843 ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Klemm­ verbindung für Rohre aus vernetzten polymeren Werkstoffen bekannt gewor­ den, wobei ein als zylindrische Rohrhülse ausgebildetes Verbindungsstück mit seinem am Außenumfang gerippten Steckbereich in das Rohrende einge­ setzt und danach eine axial zur Rohrachse bewegliche zylindrische Schie­ behülse als Hersteller der Klemmverbindung über das Rohrende mit dem eingesetzten Steckbereich aufgepreßt wird. Wesentliches Merkmal dieser bekannten Klemmverbindung ist, daß das Rohrende vor dem Einsetzen des Steckbereiches auf diesen äußeren Umfang aufgeweitet wird. Beim Aufpres­ sen der Schiebehülse wird das Material des Rohrendes partiell in die Nu­ ten des Steckbereiches des Verbindungsstückes eingepreßt, wodurch die unlösbare feste Verbindung geschaffen wird.
Aus der CH-PS 6 65 386 ist ein Verfahren zum Verbinden zweier Kunststoff­ körper bekannt, bei dem eine Muffe aus einem mit dem Kunststoff der Kör­ per chemisch verschweißbaren Material über die Verbindungsstelle gescho­ ben wird. In die Muffe ist ein Vernetzungsmittel eingearbeitet und die beiden Körper werden mit sich und der Muffe durch eine chemische Ver­ schweißung verbunden. Wesentlich dabei ist, daß durch eine gemeinsame Vernetzung von Muffe und Kunststoffkörper durch chemisches Verschweißen der Makromoleküle ein übergreifendes Netzwerk gebildet wird. Der Nach­ teil dieser bekannten Verbindungsart wird darin gesehen, daß neben den zu verbindenden Kunststoffkörpern ein weiteres Formteil, nämlich die Muffe mit dem eingearbeiteten Vernetzungsmittel, benötigt wird.
Der Aufwand zur Herstellung der bekannten Verbindung ist damit erheb­ lich, was sich auch auf die Kosten einer solchen Verbindung nieder­ schlägt.
Hier setzt die Erfindung ein, die es sich zur Aufgabe gestellt hat, ein Verfahren zum Verbinden von Formkörpern oder Profilen aus vernetzten, teilvernetzten oder ultrahochmolekularen Materialien anzugeben, welches ohne zusätzliche Fittings bzw. weitere Formteile zu einer festen, dich­ ten Verbindung führt. Erfindungsgemäß wird dazu vorgeschlagen, daß die Fügeflächen der Formkörper/Profile erst bis zum Schmelzpunkt der kri­ stallinen Polymerbestandteile erhitzt werden, daß unmittelbar danach auf die aufgeschmolzenen Fügeflächen eine mit dem Basispolymeren verträgli­ che Polymerbeschichtung aufgebracht wird, und daß danach die beschichte­ ten Fügeflächen der Formkörper/Profile aufgeschmolzen und miteinander verbunden werden.
Wesentlich bei der Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist die Tatsache, daß bei vernetzten Formkörpern und Profilen eine hundertpro­ zentige Vernetzung nicht erzielbar ist. Der Vernetzungsgrad wird sich - je nach Einsatzzweck - vorteilhaft in Bereichen zwischen 50% und 90% halten. Im Bedarfsfall können auch geringere Vernetzungsgrade ausrei­ chen, wobei dann von teilvernetzten Formkörpern gesprochen wird.
An den Fügeflächen der zu verbindenden Formkörper oder Profile befinden sich damit oberflächlich vernetzte Polymerketten, die von nicht vernetz­ ten kristallinen Bestandteilen des Basispolymeren umgeben sind. Die Er­ findung macht sich die Erkenntnis zunutze, daß diese nicht vernetzten kristallinen Bestandteile des Basispolymeren trotz des erzielten Vernet­ zungsgrades schmelzbare Bestandteile des Polymeren bleiben. Diese schmelzbaren Bestandteile des Polymeren können durch Wärmezuführung von außen aufgeschmolzen werden. Bei ausreichender Wärmezuführung kann auf diese Weise ein aufgeschmolzener Bezug über der gesamten Fügefläche er­ zielt werden.
Diese Erkenntnis führt zu dem erfinderischen Ausgangsschritt, daß zwei derart aufgeschmolzene Fügeflächen unmittelbar unter Anwendung von Preßdruck zusammengefügt und damit verschweißt werden können.
Ausgehend von dieser Tatsache haben experimentelle Überprüfungen erge­ ben, daß auf diese Weise zwar ein Zusammenfügen von Formkörpern und Pro­ filen möglich ist, daß die Fügekräfte jedoch in mancher Beziehung nicht ausreichen. Die Erfindung hebt daher weiter darauf ab, daß auf die durch Wärmezuführung von außen aufgeschmolzenen Fügeflächen der Formkörper oder Profile zusätzlich eine mit dem Basispolymeren verträgliche Pol­ ymerbeschichtung aufgebracht wird. Diese Beschichtung, die als Mittler­ schicht bzw. Verschweißhilfe zwischen den zu verbindenden Formkörpern bzw. Profilen anzusehen ist, kann im Anschluß an das Auftragen auf die Fügefläche erkalten. Die zu verbindenden Formkörper bzw. Profile können danach in beliebigem Zeitraum durch einfaches Aufschmelzen der Beschich­ tung an den Fügeflächen und anschließendes Zusammenpressen fest mitein­ ander verschweißt werden.
Die Beschichtung ist dabei gegenüber der Fügefläche des einzelnen Form­ körpers oder Profils mit den vorher aufgeschmolzenen kristallinen Pol­ ymerbestandteilen eine innige Verbindung eingegangen. Man kann hier von einer echten Schweißverbindung zwischen den kristallinen Polymerbestand­ teilen der Fügefläche und der Beschichtung sprechen. Der weitere Verbin­ dungsschritt ist dann eine einfache Verschweißung der Beschichtung durch Applikation von Wärme und Preßdruck.
Die Polymerbeschichtung der aufgeschmolzenen Fügeflächen kann durch Ein­ tauchen in schmelzbares Polymermaterial erfolgen. Hierbei kann es sich um ein Polymerpulver handeln, welches an den aufgeschmolzenen Fügeflä­ chen anhaftet und bereits zum Teil durch die Schmelzwärme eine Schmelz­ verbindung mit der Fügefläche eingeht. Das anhaftende Polymerpulver kann in einem weiteren Verfahrensschritt vorteilhaft im Anschluß an das Auf­ bringen einer flächigen Verpressung auf den Fügeflächen unterzogen wer­ den.
Diese flächige Verpressung kann ebenfalls unter Anwendung von Wärme und Druck erfolgen, so daß die vor geschilderte Verschweißung der Beschich­ tung mit der Fügefläche in vollem Umfang erfolgen kann. Diese Nachbe­ handlung bringt als Ergebnis eine durchgehend flächige Polymerbeschich­ tung auf der Fügefläche, die sich über den nachfolgenden Schweißvorgang mit der gleichermaßen beschichteten Fügefläche eines Gegenformteils oder Profils innig verschweißen läßt.
Neben dem Eintauchen der Fügeflächen in schmelzbares Polymermaterial wie Polymerpulver und dergleichen, kann die Polymerbeschichtung auf die Fü­ gefläche auch in Form einer diese abdeckenden Folie oder eines entspre­ chenden Formteils aus polymerem Material erfolgen. In diesem Fall wird die Fügefläche durch Aufschmelzen der kristallinen Polymerbestandteile haftfähig gemacht und unmittelbar danach die Folie oder das Formteil durch Preßdruck aufgebracht. Die aufgeschmolzene Fügefläche bewirkt mit ihrer Schmelzwärme ein Anschmelzen der angepressten Folien- bzw. Form­ teiloberfläche, wodurch ein Verschweißen mit der Fügefläche erfolgt. Da­ nach können derart vorbehandelte Fügeflächen von Gegenformteilen oder Profilen in der geschilderten Weise miteinander verschweißt werden.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren erfaßt darüber hinaus die Möglichkeit, die Polymerbeschichtung auf die Fügeflächen der Formkörper bzw. Profile aufzubringen, ohne daß diese Fügeflächen vorher durch Aufschmelzen der kristallinen Polymerbestandteile schweißfähig gemacht worden sind. Hier wird beispielsweise die Pulverbeschichtung eines mit dem Basispolymeren der Formkörper oder Profile verträglichen Polymeren durch elektrostati­ sche Adhäsion der Pulverpartikel durchgeführt. Auf diese Weise läßt sich eine Pulverbeschichtung entsprechender Dicke auf die Fügeflächen der Formkörper oder Profile auftragen. ln einem nachfolgenden Aufschmelz­ schritt durch Zuführung von Wärme kann dann diese Pulverschicht aufge­ schmolzen und durch Fortführung der Wärmeapplikation auf die Oberfläche der Fügeflächen zum Schmelzen gebracht werden.
Auf diese Weise läßt sich die fest an der Fügefläche haftende Beschich­ tung mit einem einzigen Aufschmelzvorgang erzielen. Neben der adhäsiven Pulverbeschichtung kann auf diese Weise auch eine Folie oder ein Form­ teil als Polymerbeschichtung mit der Fügefläche der Formkörper oder Pro­ file schweißverbunden werden.
Die Erfindung wird in den nachstehend angegebenen Beispielen verdeut­ licht:
Beispiel 1:
Zwei Rohre aus mit Peroxiden vernetztem hochmolekularen Polyethylen mit einem Vernetzungsgrad von ca. 85% wurden nach dem Verfahren an ihren Stirnflächen miteinander verbunden. Der Außendurch­ messer beider Rohrstücke betrug 17 mm, die Wanddicke lag bei 2 mm. Als Verbindungsmittel wurde ein Polyethylen-Pulver der Dichte 0,94 g/cm2, MFI 1,9 verwendet. Die Korngröße des Polyethylen-Pulvers lag zwischen 0,1 und 0,75 mm. Die Vorbehandlung der zu verbindenden Stirnflächen der beiden Rohrstücke erfolgte gemäß Patentansprüchen 1 und 2. Die Dicke der Beschichtung der Fügeflächen lag bei 0,3 mm.
Nach dem Abkühlen der Fügeflächen wurden diese an einem handelsüblichen Heizspiegelgerät aufgeschmolzen und durch Anwendung des entsprechenden Preßdruckes miteinander verschweißt. Die Temperatur am Schweißspiegel betrug dabei 250°C, der Schweißvorgang war in ca. 20 sec. abgeschlos­ sen.
An der Verbindungsstelle wurden Prüfstreifen entnommen und die Zugfe­ stigkeit der Verbindung nach DIN 53 455 zu 19,5 MPa bestimmt. Dieser Wert liegt in vergleichbarer Größe zum Wert der Zugfestigkeit der Rohr­ wand bei den Versuchsrohrstücken.
An auf gleiche Weise verschweißten Rohrstücken durchgeführte Berstdruck­ prüfungen ergaben sich vergleichbare Werte wie bei Rohren aus vernetztem Polyethylen ohne entsprechende Schweißverbindung. So ergab sich bei 20°C ein Berstdruck von 86 bar und bei 95°C ein solcher von 28 bar.
Beispiel 2:
Normstäbe der Abmessungen 4×6×50 mm auf silanvernetztem Polyethylen hoher Dichte mit einem Vernetzungsgrad von 58% wurden nach dem in Bei­ spiel 1 beschriebenen Verfahren an ihren Stirnflächen miteinander ver­ schweißt. Dabei wurde an der Verbindungsstelle eine Zugfestigkeit von 21 MPA erreicht. Die Zugfestigkeit des unverschweißten Raumstabes betrug 23,5 MPA. Die gleichen Werte wurden erreicht bei der Verwendung einer Folie bzw. eines Formteils aus Polyethylen hoher Dichte, die nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren gemäß Ansprüchen 1 und 3 auf die Fügeflächen aufgebracht und danach der Schweißvorgang durchgeführt wurde.
Beispiel 3:
Die Fügeflächen von Formteilen aus strahlenvernetztem Polyethylen nied­ riger Dichte wurden nach dem Verfahren gemäß Beispiel 1 miteinander ver­ schweißt. Der Vernetzungsgrad der Formteile betrug 65%. Die Zugfestig­ keit des Verbindungsbereiches wurde mit 17,4 MPA gemessen, die der Form­ teile selbst lag bei 19,2 MPA.
Beispiel 4:
Nach dem gleichen Verfahren wurden Normstäbe aus ultrahochmolekularem Material mit einer Molmasse von ca. 5×106g/Mol miteinander ver­ schweißt.
Auch hier zeigte der Verbindungsbereich eine ähnlich hohe Festigkeit wie der Normstab selbst.

Claims (3)

1. Verfahren zum Verbinden von Formkörpern, Profilen und dergleichen aus vernetzten, teilvernetzten bzw. ultrahochmolekularen polymeren Mate­ rialien, bei dem die Fügeflächen der Formkörper/Profile durch Wärme­ zuführung von außen aufgeschmolzen und unter Anwendung von Preßdruck miteinander verschweißt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Füge­ flächen der Formkörper/Profile erst bis zum Schmelzpunkt der kristal­ linen Polymerbestandteile erhitzt werden, daß unmittelbar danach auf die aufgeschmolzenen Fügeflächen eine mit dem Basispolymeren verträg­ liche Polymerbeschichtung aufgebracht wird, und daß danach die be­ schichteten Fügeflächen der Formkörper/Profile aufgeschmolzen und miteinander verbunden werden.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Polymerbe­ schichtung durch Eintauchen der Fügeflächen in schmelzbares Polymer­ material erfolgt.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Polymerbe­ schichtung mittels einer die Fügeflächen abdeckenden Folie aus po­ lymerem Material erfolgt.
DE3823817A 1988-07-14 1988-07-14 Expired DE3823817C1 (de)

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JP1180660A JPH02258233A (ja) 1988-07-14 1989-07-14 成形体を結合する方法

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DE202007004671U1 (de) 2007-03-28 2008-08-07 Rehau Ag + Co Stützwendel
EP3156213A1 (de) 2015-10-16 2017-04-19 Henkel AG & Co. KGaA Verfahren zum stoffschlüssigen fügen von zwei werkstücken
US10894366B2 (en) 2015-10-16 2021-01-19 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Method for welding polyamide and poly(meth)acrylate plastics

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JP4756182B2 (ja) * 2000-07-11 2011-08-24 リリ エッセ アー 接合されるテープに溶着された歯を備える封止用スライドファスナ

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WO2017064240A1 (de) 2015-10-16 2017-04-20 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Verfahren zum stoffschlüssigen fügen von zwei werkstücken
US10894366B2 (en) 2015-10-16 2021-01-19 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Method for welding polyamide and poly(meth)acrylate plastics

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EP0350651A2 (de) 1990-01-17
JPH02258233A (ja) 1990-10-19
JPH0554813B2 (de) 1993-08-13

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