DE3822118A1 - COOLING ELEMENT - Google Patents
COOLING ELEMENTInfo
- Publication number
- DE3822118A1 DE3822118A1 DE3822118A DE3822118A DE3822118A1 DE 3822118 A1 DE3822118 A1 DE 3822118A1 DE 3822118 A DE3822118 A DE 3822118A DE 3822118 A DE3822118 A DE 3822118A DE 3822118 A1 DE3822118 A1 DE 3822118A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- cooling element
- rare earth
- supralei
- peltier
- element according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000005679 Peltier effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Inorganic materials [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSOKHXFFCGXDJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N telluride(2-) Chemical compound [Te-2] XSOKHXFFCGXDJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
- H10N10/80—Constructional details
- H10N10/85—Thermoelectric active materials
- H10N10/851—Thermoelectric active materials comprising inorganic compositions
- H10N10/855—Thermoelectric active materials comprising inorganic compositions comprising compounds containing boron, carbon, oxygen or nitrogen
- H10N10/8552—Thermoelectric active materials comprising inorganic compositions comprising compounds containing boron, carbon, oxygen or nitrogen the compounds being superconducting
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Kühlelement, insbesondere ein thermoelektrisches Kühlelement, welches den sogenannten Peltier-Effekt ausnutzt, der beim Hindurchleiten elektri schen Stroms durch die Kopplung von zwei unterschiedlichen Leitern entsteht.The invention relates to a cooling element, in particular a thermoelectric cooling element, the so-called Exploits the Peltier effect that electri current by coupling two different ones Ladders arise.
Auf dem Peltier-Effekt beruhende Kühlelemente werden übli cherweise zur Kühlung und thermischen Einstellung verschie dener Instrumente benutzt. Geeignete Anwendungsfälle fin den sich auch in für Verbraucher bestimmten Gütern. Die wichtigsten Vorteile des Peltier-Kühlverfahrens bestehen in der geringen Größe, praktisch fehlendem Wartungsbedarf und außerordentlich großer Einfachheit im Gebrauch - Wärme wird mittels des durch das Kühlelement fließenden Gleich stroms von dem zu kühlenden Gegenstand in den Wärmeaus tauscher übertragen.Cooling elements based on the Peltier effect are usually used for cooling and thermal adjustment of various instruments. Suitable applications are also found in goods intended for consumers. The main advantages of the Peltier cooling process are the small size, practically no need for maintenance and extremely simple operation - heat is transferred from the object to be cooled into the heat exchanger by means of the direct current flowing through the cooling element.
Der Peltier-Effekt bedeutet, daß die Verbindung zwischen zwei verschiedenen Leitern, während elektrischer Strom durch sie hindurchfließt, je nach der Richtung des Stroms abgekühlt oder erwärmt wird. Die Erklärung für diese Er scheinung liegt darin, daß in thermisch unausgeglichenen Leitern die Wärmeströmung, die von den leitenden Elektronen zu der Kopplung und von dieser weg getragen wird, vonein ander unterschiedlich ist.The Peltier effect means that the connection between two different conductors while electrical current flows through it depending on the direction of the stream is cooled or heated. The explanation for this he Apparition is that in thermally unbalanced Conduct the heat flow from the conductive electrons to and from the coupling other is different.
Je nach der Temperatur kann der sogenannte Peltier-Faktor Tr(T)für die Materialien A und B so bestimmt werden, daß die in der Verbindungsstelle von A und B gebundene Wärme kapazität folgende istDepending on the temperature, the so-called Peltier factor Tr (T) for the materials A and B can be determined so that the heat capacity bound in the connection point of A and B is as follows
Q = i [π A (T) - π B (T)] Q = i [ π A (T) - π B (T) ]
wenn Strom i durch die Kopplung fließt. Damit ist die Kühlung (oder Erwärmung) um so wirksamer, je stärker sich die Peltier-Faktoren der Stoffe voneinander unterscheiden.when current i flows through the coupling. Cooling (or heating) is therefore more effective the more the Peltier factors of the substances differ from one another.
Eine Grenze für die bei Benutzung der herkömmlichen Peltier- Elemente erreichten Temperaturen wird durch die Tatsache gesetzt, daß selbst bei den besten bekannten Materialien die Differenz zwischen den Peltier-Faktoren mit ausreichen dem Absinken der Temperatur rasch abnimmt.A limit for when using conventional Peltier Elements reached temperature is due to the fact set that even with the best known materials the difference between the Peltier factors is sufficient rapidly decreases as the temperature drops.
Die besten herkömmlichen Peltier-Elemente bestehen meistens aus stark getempertem Wismuttellurid-Halbleiter. Bei einem Element kann ein Temperaturunterschied von ca. 70 K erzeugt werden, und beim Einbau mehrerer Elemente nacheinander werden sogar Temperaturen etwas unterhalb von 173 K (-100°C) erreicht.The best conventional Peltier elements usually exist made of strongly tempered bismuth telluride semiconductor. At a Element can generate a temperature difference of approx. 70 K. and when installing several elements one after the other temperatures even slightly below 173 K (-100 ° C) reached.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, unter Vermeidung einiger der Nachteile des Standes der Technik ein verbessertes, auf dem Peltier-Effekt beruhendes Kühlelement zu schaffen, mit dem sich noch niedrigere Temperaturen erzielen lassen als bisher.The object of the invention is to avoid some of the Disadvantages of the prior art improved to create the cooling element based on the Peltier effect with which can achieve even lower temperatures than so far.
Die wesentlichen neuen Merkmale der Erfindung gehen aus Anspruch 1 hervor.The essential new features of the invention go out Claim 1 out.
Gemäß der Erfindung ist das Kühlelement mit Vorteil so ge bildet, daß mindestens ein Zweig des Peltier-Elements aus einem supraleitenden Werkstoff mit einer im wesentlichen hohen kritischen Temperatur gebildet ist. Der zweite Zweig des Peltier-Elements kann in dem Fall aus einem an sich für Peltier-Elemente bekannten Material bestehen, zum Beispiel aus Wismuttellurid, auf welches in der Beschrei bung des Standes der Technik Bezug genommen wurde und des sen Peltier-Faktor im wesentlich hoch bei der gewünschten Temperatur liegt.According to the invention, the cooling element is advantageously ge forms that at least one branch of the Peltier element a superconducting material with an essentially high critical temperature is formed. The second branch of the Peltier element can in this case consist of one in itself known material for Peltier elements exist for Example from bismuth telluride, to which in the description Reference was made to the state of the art and the sen Peltier factor essentially high at the desired Temperature.
Der im Kühlelement gemäß der Erfindung benutzte supralei tende Werkstoff kann vorteilhafterweise ein keramischer Supraleiter sein, der mindestens ein Metall der seltenen Erden enthält. Ein solches Material ist beispielsweise ein Oxid aus einem Metall der seltenen Erden, Barium und Kupfer, vorteilhafterweise in Form von RE Ba2Cu3O7, worin RE ein Metall der seltenen Erden, z.B. Yttrium ist.The superconducting material used in the cooling element according to the invention can advantageously be a ceramic superconductor which contains at least one rare earth metal. Such a material is, for example, an oxide made from a rare earth metal, barium and copper, advantageously in the form of RE Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7 , in which RE is a rare earth metal, eg yttrium.
Da unterhalb der kritischen Temperatur der Peltier-Effekt eines Supraleiters rasch auf Null absinkt, wird eine deut lich bessere Kühlleistung bei den tiefsten Temperaturen mit dem beschriebenen Kühlelement als mit herkömmlichen Peltier-Elementen erreicht. Die mit dem neuen Element er zielbare Kühlleistung wird noch dadurch gefördert, daß im supraleitenden Zweig wegen des Fehlens ohmscher Verluste keine Wärme erzeugt wird.Because below the critical temperature the Peltier effect of a superconductor quickly drops to zero, one becomes clear much better cooling performance at the lowest temperatures with the described cooling element than with conventional Peltier elements reached. The one with the new element Targetable cooling capacity is further promoted in that superconducting branch due to the lack of ohmic losses no heat is generated.
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI872894A FI872894A (en) | 1987-07-01 | 1987-07-01 | The cooling element. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE3822118A1 true DE3822118A1 (en) | 1989-01-12 |
Family
ID=8524747
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3822118A Withdrawn DE3822118A1 (en) | 1987-07-01 | 1988-06-30 | COOLING ELEMENT |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE3822118A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI872894A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2617643A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2207321B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5352299A (en) * | 1987-06-26 | 1994-10-04 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Thermoelectric material |
| JPH0617225B2 (en) * | 1987-06-26 | 1994-03-09 | シャープ株式会社 | Thermoelectric conversion material |
| US5006505A (en) * | 1988-08-08 | 1991-04-09 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Peltier cooling stage utilizing a superconductor-semiconductor junction |
| US5057490A (en) * | 1989-10-26 | 1991-10-15 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Low-temperature thermoelectric refrigerating device using current-carrying superconducting mode/nonsuperconducting mode junctions |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4362023A (en) * | 1981-07-29 | 1982-12-07 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Thermoelectric refrigerator having improved temperature stabilization means |
| JPH0617225B2 (en) * | 1987-06-26 | 1994-03-09 | シャープ株式会社 | Thermoelectric conversion material |
-
1987
- 1987-07-01 FI FI872894A patent/FI872894A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1988
- 1988-06-24 GB GB8815109A patent/GB2207321B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-06-29 FR FR8808727A patent/FR2617643A1/en active Pending
- 1988-06-30 DE DE3822118A patent/DE3822118A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2617643A1 (en) | 1989-01-06 |
| FI872894A0 (en) | 1987-07-01 |
| GB8815109D0 (en) | 1988-08-03 |
| FI872894A (en) | 1989-01-02 |
| GB2207321B (en) | 1991-07-03 |
| GB2207321A (en) | 1989-01-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |