DE364893C - Electromagnetic protective device for automatically breaking a line in the event of a line break - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN EMPIRE

ISSUED ON DECEMBER 4, 1922

REICH PATENT OFFICE

PATENT LETTERING

Vr 364893 - CLASS 21c GROUP

(E 2487c? VIIIj ₂ I <*)

Francisco Solernou Enrich and Cristobal Perez Serrano in Barcelona, Spain.

Electromagnetic protective device for the automatic interruption of a line

in the event of a line break.

Patented in the German Empire on February 15, 1920.

According to the Union Treaty of June 2, 1911, priority is due to this application of the application in Spain of January 25, 1918 for claims 1 and 2.

The invention relates to an electromagnetic protective device for automatic Interrupt one or more lines fed by the same power source Use of monitoring or protective wires and of electromagnets and is best explained with reference to the drawing. The device can also be used for interruption a network of multi-phase conductors and to protect crossing lines.

S64893

In the drawing, three embodiments of the device are schematically illustrated, namely, Fig. ι shows its application to a DC system, Fig. 2 its application to a system for three-phase alternating current and Fig. 3 an application on crossing lines.

The electromagnet A required for the device (Fig. 1) is fed from a branch A 'of the feed line A " , which comes from the control center or from a main feed line. At L , a resistor is built in to feed the electromagnet.

The armature B of the electromagnet; A is subject to the action of tension springs £ and E ' and has a two-pointed contact piece C which can make contact with corresponding pieces D and D' so that the current flow is established through the line ^ ", P '. This is the case, when the springs E and E 'act freely on the armature B. However , if this armature is attracted by the electromagnet A against the force of the springs E and E' , the current flow is interrupted because the piece C then moves away from the contacts D and D. ' separates.

In order for the electromagnet A to come into operation in the event of a wire break, the following equipment is in place:

The lead wire A "'of the electromagnet is connected to a breaker /, Γ of the line J" in connection, which is grounded at T; the circle is completed when J and Γ are connected by means of a contact piece N attached to the end of a lever H which can be rotated about H '. The lever H carries the armature G of two electromagnets F and F ' with poles of the same name, which face each other with a small gap. The anchor plays in this gap G. One of the electromagnets F is fed by a current flowing through the protective wire P , which takes it from the lead wire P ' via a resistor 0 . The other electromagnet F ' is fed by the working wire A " by means of a conductor 0 , the other ends of both magnet coils are connected to earth via the conductor 0" at T.

At K, K ' there is a breaker in a branch of line 0, through which any signal (bell, lamp or the like) built into 0' is fed. In the interrupter K, K ' the circle is switched by means of a ·. Contact piece I, which is carried by the lever H , closed.

The lever H is supported by a spring M or

pulled by a counterweight R or both in the inclined position shown. According to the invention, the ratios are chosen so that the force of attraction of the electromagnet F 'on the lever H is smaller than the sum of the forces of the spring M, counterweight R and the magnetic force of the electromagnet F, but is greater than the effect of the Spring force M and the counterweight R alone. If the electromagnet F remains without current, the lever H changes its position, but if the two electromagnets F and F ' remain de-energized, the lever H is only subject to the action of the spring M and the counterweight R and does not move from the position shown ( Position or he returns to it, if he was removed from it.

If the line is operational, both magnets F and F 'are excited and all parts are in the position shown; But if the wire P 'breaks at any point, the current through the magnet F is interrupted, the latter loses its tensile force, the electromagnet F' attracts the armature G , the lever H changes its position and closes between I, Γ through the contact piece N. and between K, K ' through the contact piece / one circuit each. The former excites the electromagnet ^ !, and the armature B is attracted. The electrical connection between!) And D ' is consequently interrupted and the conductor P' go is switched off. The second circuit via K, J, K ' brings the optical or acoustic signals located at the base of 0' to response.

The same effect occurs if, instead of the conductor P ', the protective wire P breaks.

βοΐΐ the circuit is re-established after · the wire breakage has been eliminated », only the action of the electromagnet F ' needs to be interrupted, whereby all parts return to the position shown. 10c The 'at L' built-in breaker is used for this. The .Stromkreis can also be restored by allowing a current to reach the electromagnet F. But this is only possible if you have more than one line wire and then for a moment bridging from one conductor to the other.

Another off switch is attached at P ″ so that the operation of the electromagnet F can be interrupted if necessary. Thus, the entire device can be temporarily put out of operation by means of the switches P ″ and TJ!

In Fig. 2 is the scheme of a corresponding device 'for' in the case of three-phase Alternating current shown.

In this case, an electromagnet A ¹ with armature B ¹ and an interrupter is provided for each phase. A three-phase transformer, as shown at L ¹ , is used to feed the electromagnets.

The contact W ¹ connects the three phases of the transformer L ¹ so that the three magnets yi ¹ are excited at the same time and interrupt all three phases P _{1 at the same time.} The electrical connection between the lines P ₁ ', P ₁ ', Pi of the line and the protective wire P ₁ is effected by means of a transformer shown at Q _1. In general, one can expediently make use of all modifications that are required by adapting the subject matter of the invention to a three-phase power installation.

In Fig. 3 is a schematic modification the arrangement shown for the protection itself crossing DC lines. The purpose of this modification is to use both lines to be able to protect a single device.

It consists in the use of two electromagnets A ₂ , B ₂ , which are mounted opposite one another and generate a field in which _two levers H ₂ and I _{2 are} articulated between the opposite poles of magnets A ₂ and B 2 a crosspiece C _{2 are} attached.

At K ₂ and J ₂ there are two contacts that can touch the levers H ₂ and I ₂ when the electromagnets B ₂ or A ₂ attract and overcome the action of the springs M ₂ or N _2. The contacts K ₂ and J ₂ are connected to earth and one of the poles of the electromagnets S ₂ and A ₂ . 'The contact piece C ₂ is connected to one of the ' ■ lines; the other crossing line is interrupted and is connected to one of the connections E ₂ and D ₂ and from these to earth _{via the electromagnets S 2} and A _2.

In the normal state of the lines, the device assumes the position shown. But tears a Leitungszwieig feeding a \ of the electromagnets, the corresponds _is: talking magnetic ineffective; the other ; predominates and overcomes the force of the ', spring M ₂ or N ₂ , and there is contact' between the .pieces H ₂ and K ₂ or I ₂ and J ₂ , so that the .with C ₂ connected -j Line is connected to earth by K ₂ or J _2. In this way it is achieved that the device j according to Fig. R comes into effect, since the j conductor P and the electromagnet F are now connected to earth on both sides, and consequently remain de-energized and as a result a connection between I, N and / 'occurs. The springs M ₂ and iV ₂ can also be replaced by counterweights.

Claims (3)

Patent Claims: 1. Electromagnetic protective device for the automatic interruption of a Line in the event of a line break, characterized in that two identical and opposite one another, caused by the voltages at two distant points on a line Magnets act on a common armature, which is still supported by a further mechanical .and constant force in this way it is influenced by the fact that it is in contact with a magnet in the undisturbed condition of the line, on the other hand, when the line becomes currentless, and with it this magnet from second magnet is turned over and the Shutdown of the line brings about. 2. Device according to claim 1 for ■ multi-phase systems, characterized in that 'that the magnet connected to the distant point of the system of all phases at the same time is influenced and when power is lost ■ one phase disconnection * of all Phases effected. 3. Device for protecting crossing lines, one of which according to claim ι or 2 is protected, characterized in that idle shared the second line and is connected to one of the winding ends of two equally strong magnets, the other winding ends of which are grounded, and that in that by the two opposing magnets formed field-two anchors connected to the first line play in the Control status by springs or counterweights by appropriately grounded contact pieces' are kept away, while in the event of a break in one of the branches of the split line, the magnet belonging to the other branch predominates, the first line is grounded and thus its protective device puts into action. For this purpose ι sheet of drawings.