DE3624803A1 - Apparatus and method for improving the efficiency of bactericidal and fungicidal chemisorption filters and corresponding room air filters and motor vehicle cabin air filters with the aid of electrical charges or discharges - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for improving the efficiency of bactericidal and fungicidal chemisorption filters and corresponding room air filters and motor vehicle cabin air filters with the aid of electrical charges or discharges

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Publication number
DE3624803A1
DE3624803A1 DE19863624803 DE3624803A DE3624803A1 DE 3624803 A1 DE3624803 A1 DE 3624803A1 DE 19863624803 DE19863624803 DE 19863624803 DE 3624803 A DE3624803 A DE 3624803A DE 3624803 A1 DE3624803 A1 DE 3624803A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
filters
ozone
filter
air filters
bactericidal
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19863624803
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German (de)
Inventor
Heinz Dipl Ing Hoelter
Hanns Ing Grad Rump
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to DE19863624803 priority Critical patent/DE3624803A1/en
Publication of DE3624803A1 publication Critical patent/DE3624803A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H3/00—Other air-treating devices
    • B60H3/0071—Electrically conditioning the air, e.g. by ionizing
    • B60H3/0078—Electrically conditioning the air, e.g. by ionizing comprising electric purifying means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/015—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
    • A61L9/22—Ionisation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases

Abstract

The apparatus and method provided by the invention relate to a multiple-stage air filter, an ozonisation stage, an ionisation stage and a mechanical-chemical filter stage being connected successively. The mechanical section can be extended by a chemisorption filter. The sterilising, bactericidal and fungicidal action of ozone and the highly oxidising and thus anti-odour action of ozone are supplemented by a highly effective mechanical-chemical filter which breaks down the ozone. The filter action is increased by dusts, aerosols and other pollutants being ionised and in this respect adhering to the filter material, preferably a chemisorption filter, configured as a counter electrode.

Description

Beschreibung und Erläuterung zur Zusatzpatentan­ meldung "Apparat und Verfahren zum Zwecke der Wirkungsgrad­ verbesserung von bakteriziden und fungiziden Chemi­ absorptionsfiltern und von entsprechenden Raumluft­ und KFZ-Kabinenluftfiltern mit Hilfe elektrischer Ladungen bzw. Entladungen"Description and explanation of the additional patent report "Apparatus and method for the purpose of efficiency improvement of bactericidal and fungicidal chemi absorption filters and the corresponding room air and automotive cabin air filters using electrical Charges or discharges "

Zusatz zu P 36 20 666.0Addition to P 36 20 666.0

Die Forderung nach geruchsmäßig neutraler, ge­ sunder, staubfreier Atemluft, sowohl in Wohnräumen, Krankenhäusern, Reinräumen als auch in Fahrzeug­ kabinen, hat dazu geführt, daß diese Raumluft teil­ weise oder ganz über Filtergeräte geleitet wird, die schlechte Gerüche, Stäube, Bakterien und Pilze zurückhalten bzw. töten sollen.The demand for odor neutral, ge healthy, dust-free breathing air, both in living rooms, Hospitals, clean rooms as well as in vehicles cabins, has resulted in this room air part is directed wisely or entirely through filter devices, the bad smells, dusts, bacteria and fungi hold back or kill.

Es ist bekannt, daß geeignet aufgebaute Chemiab­ sorptionsfilter diesen Zweck erfüllen. Es ist weiterhin bekannt, daß der Wirkungsgrad dieser Filtereinrichtungen dann erhöht wird, wenn die zu­ geführte Luft (Rohluft) in einer Wirkstrecke mit ultraviolettem Licht bestrahlt wird, wodurch Bak­ terien und sonstige Keime vernichtet werden und einige Geruchsverbindungen neutralisiert werden. It is known that Chemiab sorption filters serve this purpose. It is further known that the efficiency of this Filtering equipment is then increased when the too guided air (raw air) in an effective distance is irradiated with ultraviolet light, causing Bak teries and other germs are destroyed and some odor compounds are neutralized.  

Es ist weiterhin bekannt, daß Ozon (O 3) und die naszierende Form des Sauerstoffs (O 1) äußerst aggressiv ist und in dieser Form sowohl Keime als auch Geruchsverbindungen angreift.It is also known that ozone ( O 3 ) and the nascent form of oxygen (O 1 ) are extremely aggressive and attack both germs and odor compounds in this form.

Nachteilig ist jedoch, daß Ozon eine äußerst gif­ tige Verbindung ist, die maximal in einer Konzen­ tration von 0,1 ppm am Arbeitsplatz vorhanden sein darf (MAK-Wert).The disadvantage, however, is that ozone is extremely gif term connection, the maximum in one conc 0.1 ppm at the workplace may (MAK value).

Es ist weiterhin bekannt, daß durch Ionisation von befrachteter Luft (Stäube und Aerosole) sich diese Schadstofffracht an einer Gegenelektrode nieder­ schlägt.It is also known that by ionization of contaminated air (dust and aerosols) Pollutant load down on a counter electrode beats.

Es ist weiterhin bekannt, daß diese Gegenelektrode beispielsweise aus einem Aktiv-Kohlefilter bestehen kann.It is also known that this counter electrode consist of an active carbon filter, for example can.

Lehre der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, die be­ kannten Vorteile der einzelnen Wirkungsmechanismen zusammenzufassen und in einem Apparat und Verfahren so anzuordnen, daß die nachteiligen Wirkungen ver­ mieden werden. Vielmehr soll erfindungsgemäß die Wirkung der einzelnen physikalischen Mechanismen sich synergetisch verstärken. Teaching of the present invention is to be knew the advantages of the individual mechanisms of action summarize and in one apparatus and procedure to be arranged so that the adverse effects ver be avoided. Rather, according to the invention Effect of the individual physical mechanisms strengthen themselves synergistically.  

Der erfindungsgemäße Apparat besteht daher aus mehreren Sektionen, in denen folgende physikalische Mechanismen Anwendung finden:The apparatus according to the invention therefore consists of several sections in which the following physical Mechanisms apply:

OzonisierungszoneOzonization zone

In dieser Zone wird mit Hilfe des an sich bekannten Korona-Effektes Ozon erzeugt. Vorteilhafterweise arbeitet die Erfindung mit einer Vielzahl von Ent­ ladungselektroden. Zum Zwecke der hochfrequenz­ technischen Störsicherheit und zum Zwecke der Feld­ erhaltung trotz bekanntlich elektrisch nieder­ ohmiger Entladungen (Plasmastrecke) wird jeder ein­ zelnen Entladungsspitze ein Vorwiderstand zugeord­ net.In this zone is known with the help of Corona effect creates ozone. Advantageously the invention works with a variety of Ent charge electrodes. For the purpose of high frequency technical interference immunity and for the purpose of field conservation is known to be electrically low ohmic discharges (plasma route) everyone will assigned a series resistor to a discharge tip net.

In einer weiteren Ausformung der Erfindung wird jedem dieser Vorwiderstände ein Kondensator, gemäß Fig. 2, zugeordnet, damit der bei der Entladung entstehende Lichtbogen über eine längere Zeit auf- - rechterhalten wird und insofern energiereicher ist.In a further embodiment of the invention, a capacitor, according to FIG. 2, is assigned to each of these series resistors, so that the arc which arises during the discharge is maintained over a longer period of time and is therefore more energy-intensive.

Nach einer angemessenen Strecke, in der die bakte­ rizide und geruchsneutralisierende Wirkung des Ozon wirksam werden kann, gelangt der Luftstrom in einen Ionisationskanal. Im Luftstrom befinden sich erfin­ dungsgemäß Stäbe, Nadeln oder gespannte Drähte, die jeweils über einen hochohmigen Widerstand an der Spannungsquelle angeschlossen sind.After a reasonable distance in which the bacts ricidal and odor-neutralizing effects of ozone can take effect, the airflow enters one Ionization channel. There are inventions in the air flow according to rods, needles or tensioned wires that  each via a high-impedance resistor on the Voltage source are connected.

Die Abstände der Elektronen voneinander sind so be­ messen, daß ein homogenes elektrisches Feld ausge­ bildet wird. Wenn es zu einer Entladung kommt, die beispielsweise durch ozonisierte und damit auch unter Umständen aufgeladene Partikel hervorgerufen werden kann, kommt es nur zu einer sehr begrenzten, lokalen Störung des elektrischen Feldes, nicht je­ doch zu einer nachteiligen Störung des gesamten Feldes.The distances between the electrons are so measure that a homogeneous electric field is out is forming. If there is a discharge, the for example by ozonized and therefore also possibly charged particles there is only a very limited local disturbance of the electrical field, not ever but to an adverse disturbance of the whole Field.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist es unerheblich, ob positives oder negatives Potential an die Ioni­ sierungselektrode angelegt wird.In the context of the invention, it is immaterial whether positive or negative potential to the Ioni Sensation electrode is applied.

In einer weiteren Ausformung der Erfindung ist je­ doch vorgesehen, die Polarität umzuschalten, so daß vorteilhafterweise sowohl negative als auch posi­ tive Ionen emittiert werden, so daß sich auf die Dauer ein elektrostatisches Gleichgewicht im Raum ergibt.In a further embodiment of the invention but provided to switch the polarity so that advantageously both negative and positive tive ions are emitted, so that the Duration an electrostatic balance in the room results.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist der nun geschaltete chemische Filter von entscheidender Bedeutung. Dieser Filter, der aus chemisch vorbehandelten Aktiv-Massen besteht, hat die wichtige Aufgabe, das in der ersten Sektion des Gerätes (siehe Fig. 1,1) gebildete Ozon zu normalem Sauerstoff verfallen zu lassen.In the context of the invention, the chemical filter now switched is of crucial importance. This filter, which consists of chemically pretreated active materials, has the important task of allowing the ozone formed in the first section of the device (see FIG. 1.1) to decay to normal oxygen.

Außerdem sollen selbstverständlich die Schwebe­ teile, Stäube, Aerosole und Geruchsstoffe zurück­ gehalten werden. Vorteilhafterweise bedient sich die Erfindung der Tatsache, daß unter Einfluß der Ionisierung Stäube konglomerieren und zwecks La­ dungsträgeraustausch sich auf der Gegenelektrode niederschlagen.In addition, the balance should of course parts, dusts, aerosols and odors being held. Advantageously uses the invention of the fact that under the influence of Ionization dusts conglomerate and for the purpose of La manure carrier exchange on the counter electrode knock down.

Da in der bevorzugten Ausführung die aktive Schütt­ bettschicht aus Chemiabsorptionsmassen selbst die Elektrode darstellen, wird insofern die Schadstoff­ fracht dort konzentriert und nach den bekannten Prinzipien festgehalten. Da in weiteren Ausfor­ mungen der Erfindung auf den Einsatz von Aktiv- Kohle verzichtet wird, wird dort die möglicherweise nicht elektrisch leitfähige Chemiabsorptionsmasse bzw. mechanische Filtriereinrichtung so durch ein Metallgitter durchdrungen, daß sich ein einwand­ freies elektrisches Feld ausbildet und insofern die Wirksamkeit erreicht wird. Since in the preferred embodiment the active bulk bed layer made of chemical absorption masses even the In this respect, the electrode is the pollutant freight concentrated there and according to the known Principles. Since in further Ausfor mations of the invention on the use of active Coal will be abandoned, there may be non-electrically conductive chemical absorption mass or mechanical filtering device through a Penetrated metal mesh that a flawless forms a free electric field and therefore the Effectiveness is achieved.  

Die erfindungsgemäß vorgestellte Lehre, derzufolge die Wirksamkeit eines chemischen Filters durch Ionisationswirkung erhöht werden kann, weiter die bakterizide und fungizide und geruchsneutralisie­ rende Wirkung von Ozon ausgenutzt wird, ist in vielfältigen Varianten möglich, die in der vor­ stehenden Ausführung nicht erwähnt worden sind.The teaching presented according to the invention, accordingly the effectiveness of a chemical filter The ionization effect can be increased further bactericidal and fungicidal and odorless exploiting effects of ozone is in diverse variants possible in the previous standing execution have not been mentioned.

Das Patentbegehren bezieht sich selbstverständlich auch auf solche speziellen Ausformungen.The patent application relates, of course also on such special shapes.

Claims (7)

1. Apparat und Verfahren zum Zwecke der Wirkungsgrad­ verbesserung von bakteriziden und fungiziden Chemi­ absorptionsfiltern und von entsprechenden Raumluft­ und KFZ-Kabinenluftfiltern, mit Hilfe elektrischer Ladungen bzw. Entladungen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß am Luftreinigungsprozeß elektrische Ozongene­ rierung, elektrische Ionenbildung, mechanische Filtrierung über ein feinporöses Material und chemische Bindung bzw. Neutralisierung gleichzeitig und synergetisch beteiligt sind.1. Apparatus and method for the purpose of improving the efficiency of bactericidal and fungicidal chemi absorption filters and of corresponding ambient air and automotive cabin air filters, with the aid of electrical charges or discharges, characterized in that electrical ozone generation, electrical ion formation, mechanical filtration via an air purification process fine porous material and chemical bonding or neutralization are involved simultaneously and synergistically. 2. Apparat und Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch ge­ kennzeichnet, daß die Ozonbildung nach dem Ver­ fahren der Korona-Entladung erfolgt, wobei ein oder mehrere im Feld angeordnete Nadelpaare mit Hoch­ spannung derart versorgt werden, daß jeder einzel­ nen dieser Nadeln ein Vorwiderstand zugeordnet ist. 2. Apparatus and method according to claim 1, characterized ge indicates that the ozone formation after Ver drive the corona discharge takes place, with a or several pairs of needles arranged in the field with high voltage are supplied so that each individual A series resistor is assigned to these needles.   3. Apparat und Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und 2, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, daß die Korona-Entladung an einem Körper mit schneidenartiger oder scharfkan­ tiger Endung zum Zwecke der lokalen Feldüberhöhung erfolgt.3. Apparatus and method according to claim 1 and 2, there characterized by that the corona discharge at a body with a knife-like or sharp edge ending for the purpose of local field elevation he follows. 4. Apparat und Verfahren nach mindestens einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ionisierung durch eine oder mehrere einzeln über Vorwiderstände gespeiste Ionisierungselektro­ den erfolgt, die aus einer gemeinsamen Hochspan­ nungsquelle gespeist werden.4. Apparatus and method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that ionization by one or more individually Ionization electric supplied via series resistors which takes place from a common high chip source of supply. 5. Apparat und Verfahren nach mindestens einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das mechanische Filter aus einem leitfähigeren Material besteht, wobei dieses Material in seiner Gesamtheit elektrisch so geschaltet ist, daß es zu der Ionisationsstrecke als Gegenelektrode wirkt.5. Apparatus and method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mechanical filter from a more conductive Material exists, this material in its Whole is switched electrically so that it is too the ionization path acts as a counter electrode. 6. Apparat und Verfahren nach mindestens einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das elektrisch nicht leitfähige mechanische Filter durch eine eingelegte Elektrode, vorzugs­ weise aus leitfähigem Gewebe, so ergänzt wird, daß es in seiner Gesamtheit als Elektrode wirkt.6. Apparatus and method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrically non-conductive mechanical  Filter through an inserted electrode, preferably as made of conductive tissue, it is added that it acts as an electrode in its entirety. 7. Apparat und Verfahren nach mindestens einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Auslegung des mechanischen Filters, ins­ besondere die der Chemiabsorptionsmassen, so an­ gelegt ist, daß Ozon zu normalem Sauerstoff abge­ baut wird.7. Apparatus and method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the design of the mechanical filter, ins especially those of the chemical absorption masses is placed that ozone to normal oxygen abge is built.
DE19863624803 1986-07-23 1986-07-23 Apparatus and method for improving the efficiency of bactericidal and fungicidal chemisorption filters and corresponding room air filters and motor vehicle cabin air filters with the aid of electrical charges or discharges Withdrawn DE3624803A1 (en)

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Cited By (9)

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DE3921388A1 (en) * 1988-12-21 1990-07-05 Hiroaki Kanazawa AIR CLEANER AND AIR FILTER
DE4119680A1 (en) * 1990-06-15 1992-01-09 Hitachi Ltd AUTOMATIC ANALYZER
DE4027799A1 (en) * 1990-09-01 1992-03-05 Hasso Von Bluecher Odour filter for fresh air introduced into vehicle cabins - comprises absorber resin fixed on air-permeable system
US5390407A (en) * 1991-06-28 1995-02-21 Flexible Steel Lacing Company Method for fastening belt ends together using plastic fasteners with integral rivets
DE29613369U1 (en) * 1996-08-02 1996-12-05 Montermann Josef Exhaust air purification device with an ionizer
DE19915534A1 (en) * 1999-04-07 2000-10-12 Joerg Brandes Air filter for fresh and recirculated air in car, goods vehicle or bus uses chemisorption, absorption and/or adsorption and preferably iodine, silver or other germicidal coating to reduce content of colony forming units
WO2006052094A1 (en) * 2004-11-13 2006-05-18 Anus Co., Ltd. Air cleaner for car
CN102152726A (en) * 2010-01-14 2011-08-17 福特全球技术公司 System for electrostatic air filtering in an automotive vehicle
CN105457469A (en) * 2015-12-10 2016-04-06 厦门保畜康生物技术有限公司 Sterilizing and ammonia reducing equipment for livestock breeding space

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DE3921388A1 (en) * 1988-12-21 1990-07-05 Hiroaki Kanazawa AIR CLEANER AND AIR FILTER
DE4119680A1 (en) * 1990-06-15 1992-01-09 Hitachi Ltd AUTOMATIC ANALYZER
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CN102152726A (en) * 2010-01-14 2011-08-17 福特全球技术公司 System for electrostatic air filtering in an automotive vehicle
CN102152726B (en) * 2010-01-14 2014-03-19 福特全球技术公司 System for electrostatic air filtering in an automotive vehicle
CN105457469A (en) * 2015-12-10 2016-04-06 厦门保畜康生物技术有限公司 Sterilizing and ammonia reducing equipment for livestock breeding space

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