DE3623191A1 - Reciprocating piston internal combustion engine with self ignition - Google Patents

Reciprocating piston internal combustion engine with self ignition

Info

Publication number
DE3623191A1
DE3623191A1 DE19863623191 DE3623191A DE3623191A1 DE 3623191 A1 DE3623191 A1 DE 3623191A1 DE 19863623191 DE19863623191 DE 19863623191 DE 3623191 A DE3623191 A DE 3623191A DE 3623191 A1 DE3623191 A1 DE 3623191A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
glow plug
internal combustion
combustion engine
reciprocating piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
DE19863623191
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE3623191C2 (en
Inventor
Fritz Dr Ing Indra
Peter Dr Ing Zima
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Adam Opel GmbH
Original Assignee
Adam Opel GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Adam Opel GmbH filed Critical Adam Opel GmbH
Priority to DE19863623191 priority Critical patent/DE3623191A1/en
Publication of DE3623191A1 publication Critical patent/DE3623191A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3623191C2 publication Critical patent/DE3623191C2/de
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/14—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
    • F02B23/0654—Thermal treatments, e.g. with heating elements or local cooling
    • F02B23/0657—Thermal treatments, e.g. with heating elements or local cooling the spray interacting with one or more glow plugs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0675—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston the combustion space being substantially spherical, hemispherical, ellipsoid or parabolic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0618—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion
    • F02B23/0621—Squish flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0678—Unconventional, complex or non-rotationally symmetrical shapes of the combustion space, e.g. flower like, having special shapes related to the orientation of the fuel spray jets
    • F02B23/069—Unconventional, complex or non-rotationally symmetrical shapes of the combustion space, e.g. flower like, having special shapes related to the orientation of the fuel spray jets characterised by its eccentricity from the cylinder axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

In a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine with self ignition a glow plug (3) projects obliquely into a combustion chamber (6). The glow plug (3) is arranged so that it is capable of rotating in the cylinder head (2) and projects into the combustion chamber (6) with a projection (5) formed by a chamfer (4). By a 180-degree rotation of the glow plug (3), the projection (5) is withdrawn from the combustion chamber (6) so that it no longer impedes the gas flow there. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine selbstzündende Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine mit in einem Brennraum rotierender Ladung und einer in den Brennraum ragenden Glühkerze. Solche Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschinen werden beispielsweise in Kraftfahrzeugen eingebaut und sind allgemein bekannt.The invention relates to a self-igniting Reciprocating internal combustion engine with in a combustion chamber rotating charge and one protruding into the combustion chamber Glow plug. Such reciprocating internal combustion engines for example installed in motor vehicles and are well known.

Selbstzündende Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschinen benötigen eine Glühkerze, damit sie auch im noch kalten Zustand gestartet werden können. Diese Glühkerze ist meist so angeordnet, daß die Luft und der feinzerstäubte Kraft­ stoff in der Brennkammer an der hocherhitzten Glühkerze vorbeiströmen kann und dabei das gebildete Gemisch gezün­ det wird. Um zu einer guten Gemischbildung zu gelangen, gestaltet man die Einlaßkanäle üblicherweise so, daß die einströmende Luft im Brennraum rotiert. Diese Strömung wird durch die in den Brennraum ragende Glühkerze ge­ stört, was sich ungünstig auf die Motorleistung, den Verbrauch und die Schadstoffemission auswirkt.Self-igniting reciprocating internal combustion engines need a glow plug so that it is still cold can be started. This glow plug is usually like this arranged that the air and the atomized power fabric in the combustion chamber on the highly heated glow plug can flow past and ignite the mixture formed det. In order to achieve a good mixture formation, you usually design the inlet channels so that the incoming air rotates in the combustion chamber. This current is ge through the glow plug protruding into the combustion chamber disturbs what adversely affects engine performance Consumption and pollutant emissions affects.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Hubkol­ ben-Brennkraftmaschine der eingangs genannten Art derart zu gestalten, das seine Glühkerze die Strömung im Brenn­ raum möglichst wenig beeinflußt.The invention has for its object a Hubkol ben internal combustion engine of the type mentioned above to shape his glow plug to keep the flow going space influenced as little as possible.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Glühkerze schräg zur Zylinderachse und um ihre Längs­ achse verdrehbar im Zylinderkopf angeordnet ist und daß ihr brennraumseitiges Ende einen in bezug auf die Längs­ achse der Glühkerze einseitigen Vorsprung hat, der in einer durch ihre Verdrehbarkeit erreichbaren Stellung in den Brennraum ragt und in einer hierzu um 180 Grad ver­ drehten Stellung sich außerhalb der Kontur des Brenn­ raumes befindet.This object is achieved in that the glow plug at an angle to the cylinder axis and around its length axis is rotatably arranged in the cylinder head and that their combustion chamber end one with respect to the longitudinal axis of the glow plug has one-sided projection, which in a position in which it can be rotated in the combustion chamber protrudes and ver by 180 degrees  turned position outside the contour of the focal room is located.

Durch diese erfindungsgemäße Gestaltung kann man bei warmer Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine die Glühkerze derart verdrehen, daß sie nicht mehr in den Brennraum ragt. Dadurch ist eine Störung der Rotationsbewegung der Ladung durch die Glühkerze ausgeschlossen. Das führt zu einer Schadstoffminderung im Abgas und zu einer Ver­ brauchsminderung. Besonders die Rußemission und die Partikelemission allgemein werden verringert. Weiterhin wird die Rußgrenze zu höheren Vollastmitteldrücken ver­ schoben, wodurch die Literleistung eines solchen Motors angehoben wird. Da die Glühkerze zum Heraus- und Hinein­ bewegen aus bzw. in den Brennraum lediglich gedreht werden muß, ist konstruktiv nur ein geringer Aufwand erforderlich, um die Erfindung zu verwirklichen. Deshalb kann man eine Brennkraftmaschine leicht so gestalten, daß die Glühkerze sich automatisch in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur in die richtige Lage dreht.Through this design according to the invention one can warm reciprocating internal combustion engine such as the glow plug twist so that it no longer protrudes into the combustion chamber. This disturbs the rotational movement of the Charge from the glow plug excluded. That leads to a reduction in pollutants in the exhaust gas and a ver reduction in consumption. Especially the soot emission and the Particle emissions in general are reduced. Farther the soot limit is shifted to higher full-load pressures pushed, causing the liter output of such an engine is raised. Because the glow plug to get in and out move from or into the combustion chamber only rotated must be constructive is only a little effort required to implement the invention. That's why you can easily design an internal combustion engine that the glow plug automatically changes depending on the temperature turns into the right position.

Besonders einfach ist der einseitige Vorsprung zu ver­ wirklichen, wenn der einseitige Vorsprung durch eine schräg zur Längsachse verlaufende, dem Brennraum zuge­ wandte Abschrägung gebildet ist.The one-sided projection is particularly easy to ver real if the one-sided projection by a oblique to the longitudinal axis, the combustion chamber turned bevel is formed.

Völlig ungestörte Strömungsverhältnisse im Brennraum erhält man, wenn die Stirnfläche in einer Stellung der Glühkerze flächenbündig mit der Innenwandung des Brenn­ raumes verläuft. Bei einer solchen Ausführungsform ist die Glühkerze auch ganz besonders gut in der Lage, einen Teil der von der Ladung an die Zylinderwände abgegebenen Wärme aufzunehmen, so daß auch bei sehr niedrigen Tempe­ raturen gute Zündbedingungen geschaffen werden.Completely undisturbed flow conditions in the combustion chamber is obtained when the face is in a position of Glow plug flush with the inner wall of the burner space runs. In such an embodiment the glow plug is also particularly well suited to one Part of the charge delivered to the cylinder walls Absorb heat so that even at very low temperatures good ignition conditions can be created.

Die Erfindung läßt zahlreiche Ausführungsformen zu. Eine davon ist schematisch in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird nachfolgend beschrieben. In ihr zeigenThe invention allows numerous embodiments. A of which is shown schematically in the drawing and is described below. Show in it

Fig. 1 einen oberen Bereich eines Zylinders mit der erfindungsgemäßen Glühkerze in Kaltstart­ stellung, Figure 1 is an upper portion position. Of a cylinder with the glow plug according to the invention in cold start,

Fig. 2 die in Fig. 1 gezeigte Anordnung mit der erfindungsgemäßen Glühkerze in einer nicht in den Brennraum ragenden Stellung. Fig. 2 shows the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 with the glow plug according to the invention in a position not projecting into the combustion chamber.

In der Fig. 1 ist ein Zylinder 1 mit einem Zylinderkopf 2 dargestellt, durch den schräg hindurch eine als Glüh­ stift ausgebildete Glühkerze 3 geführt ist. Diese ragt mit einem durch eine Abschrägung 4 gebildeten Vorsprung 5 in einen Brennraum 6, welcher von einem Kolben 7 und dem Zylinderkopf 2 begrenzt wird. Mit 10 ist die Zylinderachse positioniert. Wichtig für die Erfindung ist, daß die Glühkerze 3 im Zylinderkopf 2 um ihre Längs­ achse 9 drehbar angeordnet und die Abschrägung 4 so gestaltet ist, daß diese nach einer Drehung der Glüh­ kerze 3 um 180 Grad gegenüber der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Stellung flächenbündig mit der Innenwandung 8 des Zylin­ derkopfes 2 verläuft. Die in der Fig. 1 gezeigte Stel­ lung der Glühkerze 3 entspricht der Stellung bei einem Kaltstart.In Fig. 1, a cylinder 1 is shown with a cylinder head 2 , through which a glow plug 3 designed as a glow plug is guided diagonally therethrough. This protrudes with a projection 5 formed by a bevel 4 into a combustion chamber 6 , which is delimited by a piston 7 and the cylinder head 2 . The cylinder axis is positioned at 10 . It is important for the invention that the glow plug 3 in the cylinder head 2 is rotatably arranged about its longitudinal axis 9 and the bevel 4 is designed so that after a rotation of the glow plug 3 by 180 degrees with respect to the position shown in Fig. 1 flush the inner wall 8 of the Zylin derkopfes 2 runs. The Stel shown in Fig. Development of the glow plug 3 corresponds to the position during a cold start.

In der Fig. 2 ist die Glühkerze 3 gegenüber der Fig. 1 um 180 Grad verdreht. Deshalb verläuft die Abschrägung 4 flächenbündig mit der Innenwandung 8 des Zylinderkopfes 2. Dadurch wird die rotierende Ladungsströmung im Brenn­ raum 6 durch die Glühkerze 3 nicht behindert. Die in Fig. 2 gezeigte Stellung ist die Stellung der Glühkerze 3 bei warmem Motor, in der die Glühkerze 3 nicht benö­ tigt wird.In FIG. 2, the glow plug 3 with respect to the Fig. 1 is rotated by 180 degrees. Therefore, the bevel 4 runs flush with the inner wall 8 of the cylinder head 2 . As a result, the rotating charge flow in the combustion chamber 6 is not hindered by the glow plug 3 . The position shown in Fig. 2 is the position of the glow plug 3 when the engine is warm, in which the glow plug 3 is not required.

Claims (3)

1. Selbstzündende Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine mit in einem Brennraum rotierender Ladung und einer in den Brennraum ragenden Glühkerze, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Glühkerze (3) schräg zur Zylinderachse (10) und um ihre Längsachse (9) verdrehbar im Zylinderkopf (2) angeordnet ist und daß ihr brennraumseitiges Ende einen in bezug auf die Längsachse (9) der Glühkerze (3) einsei­ tigen Vorsprung (5) hat, der in einer durch ihre Verdreh­ barkeit erreichbaren Stellung in den Brennraum (6) ragt und in einer hierzu um 180 Grad verdrehten Stellung sich außerhalb der Kontur des Brennraumes (6) befindet.1. Self-igniting reciprocating internal combustion engine with a rotating charge in a combustion chamber and a glow plug projecting into the combustion chamber, characterized in that the glow plug ( 3 ) is arranged at an angle to the cylinder axis ( 10 ) and about its longitudinal axis ( 9 ) rotatably in the cylinder head ( 2 ) and that its combustion chamber end has a one-sided projection ( 5 ) with respect to the longitudinal axis ( 9 ) of the glow plug ( 3 ), which protrudes into the combustion chamber ( 6 ) in a position that can be reached by its rotation and in a 180 degree angle twisted position is outside the contour of the combustion chamber ( 6 ). 2. Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der einseitige Vorsprung (5) durch eine schräg zur Längsachse (9) verlaufende, dem Brenn­ raum (6) zugewandte Abschrägung (4) gebildet ist.2. Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the one-sided projection ( 5 ) by an inclined to the longitudinal axis ( 9 ), the combustion chamber ( 6 ) facing bevel ( 4 ) is formed. 3. Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abschrägung (4) in einer Stel­ lung der Glühkerze (3) flächenbündig mit der Innenwan­ dung (8) des Brennraumes (4) verläuft.3. Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the bevel ( 4 ) in a set ting of the glow plug ( 3 ) flush with the Innenwan extension ( 8 ) of the combustion chamber ( 4 ).
DE19863623191 1986-07-10 1986-07-10 Reciprocating piston internal combustion engine with self ignition Granted DE3623191A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863623191 DE3623191A1 (en) 1986-07-10 1986-07-10 Reciprocating piston internal combustion engine with self ignition

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863623191 DE3623191A1 (en) 1986-07-10 1986-07-10 Reciprocating piston internal combustion engine with self ignition

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE3623191A1 true DE3623191A1 (en) 1988-02-04
DE3623191C2 DE3623191C2 (en) 1989-02-09

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ID=6304819

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE19863623191 Granted DE3623191A1 (en) 1986-07-10 1986-07-10 Reciprocating piston internal combustion engine with self ignition

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1337771A (en) * 1917-11-05 1920-04-20 Fairbanks Morse & Co Oil-engine
DE2907184A1 (en) * 1978-02-24 1979-09-13 Nissan Motor GLOW PLUG FOR DIESEL COMBUSTION ENGINES

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1337771A (en) * 1917-11-05 1920-04-20 Fairbanks Morse & Co Oil-engine
DE2907184A1 (en) * 1978-02-24 1979-09-13 Nissan Motor GLOW PLUG FOR DIESEL COMBUSTION ENGINES

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3623191C2 (en) 1989-02-09

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