DE3620321A1 - Plastic material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a material based on a recycled plastic, which is characterised by a binder matrix of plastic and an aggregate comprising granules of at least one recycled plastic and/or recycled plastic waste and/or flake granules of recycled plastic.

Description

The invention relates to a material based a recycled plastic.

It is known to mix used plastics from e.g. Household economy despite variety and contamination recyclable by using the plastic mixture without Sor tation and cleaning directly to new semi-finished products and Finished products is processed. The old plastic mixture becomes a rejection after a simple caution crushed, ground and with a roller plasticizer by squeezing, milling and Knead gently with effective degassing the plasticizing temperature is warmed and intimately ver mixes. Through the targeted addition of commercial old art The composition can be as desired Way to be influenced. A dough-like arises Plastic in which the non-plasticized parts and e.g. some of the polyamides, thermosets and Verunreini are embedded as granular components.  

The plastificate is energy-saving - directly processed into semi-finished and finished products - by pressing.

By fully processing the original Old plastic mixture used by households, and where appropriate will be significantly increased by the addition of commercial polyethylenes the minimum content of polyethylene of about 50 to 60%, is produced without the addition of new material is a recycled plastic - base material, while the art material mixture of the household sector the polyethylene content predominates, another plastic main group may dominate the plastic mix in the commercial sector. Here too, admixtures of other old plastics are possible, so that a recycling base material is also created.

The base material is a light, weatherproof, Similar to wood workable and weldable material, whose properties largely originate from art reflect fabrics. The properties regarding the Hardness and mechanical strength and thermal, acoustic and electrical properties are very similar going to the values of the predominant polyethylene; at the impact strength and notched impact strength comes relative brittleness of polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride to carry. In the flow tendency of the base material however, the predominant influence of polyethylene noticeable. In commercial plastic mixtures, the Properties of the base material through the original Properties of the main plastic carrier mass determined.

The base material can be used in properly selected applications conditions with appropriate constructive design with pre  partly replace new plastics, being inexpensive in particular designs with larger material volumes and wall thicknesses. It also offers itself for extremely diverse applications, the New plastics for economic reasons so far remained closed.

Use as a building material - for example in selected molded parts - is also stated as possible.

Nevertheless, the use of the base material is due the special shaping energy and processing by pressing relatively expensive.

For thermosets, which - once molded - no longer can be reshaped, it is known that the thermoset Grind waste and fill it with new material to process.

The object of the invention is to make a new material To create recycled plastic, its processing is simple and more versatile than that well-known recycling base material, from which previously single Lich molded parts could be pressed.

This task is based on a material a recycled plastic, which is characterized by records that it consists of a binder and a Recyc Ling plastic granules. Contains as a binder the new material preferably a plastic binder e.g. a plastic adhesive or a thermoplastic Plastic. The plastic granulate is a surcharge fabric and has grain sizes between 0.2 and 10 mm on.  

The proportion of binder is from 15 to 60% by weight, preferably from 20 to 40% by weight.

The recycled plastic granulate or regrind is through Crushing the warm and / or the hardened or cooled known recycled plastic.

Instead of or in combination with the granular granulate can advantageously be one from the hardened or warm plastic produced, crushed product or flakes produced are used. In addition, in Combination with the recycling granulate or meal or flakes and other plastic waste granules and / or Plastic waste pellets and / or plastic waste flakes be added.

The binder is preferably a thermoset and will either by type of mortar and / or concrete technology in liquid, hot or foam-like condition with the Plastic granules and / or the plastic flakes and / or mixed with the plastic meal. The resulting mixture is poured, filled or sprayed. After this Cooling and hardening of the material creates a feast mortar or a hardened concrete made of plastic, which as a the recycled plastic granules, flakes contains or meal. Conveniently you can also still mix in mineral aggregates if this is desired for certain applications.

In case of using a plastic glue in the frame the invention as a binder that is processed cold, no previous warming is required. The same goes for for the use of a two-component adhesive.  

According to a particular embodiment of the invention the plastic binder in powder and / or granules used in form and / or liquid and with the aggregate intimately mixed. This "dry mortar" can be mixed reach the market and are processed in situ. It is heated and solidified by cooling to e.g. the construction site similar to an asphalt product.

Particularly suitable as a binder is polyurethane, ins special in the form of a foaming polyurethane that forms an elastic binder after hardening. In combination with the degree of filling of the polyurethane Foam matrix with the aggregate can do more or produce less elastic "solid mortar". Becomes a Degree of filling chosen at which the aggregate grains is not solid mortar very elastic. On the other hand, the aggregate is supported grains against each other, the solid mortar is relatively stiff (the terms "fresh mortar", "dry mortar" and "solid mortar "are borrowed from binder technology).

The diversity of the possibility of choosing certain Properties regarding elasticity, compressive strength and tensile strength is unexpectedly high. The diversity far outperforms conventional mortar on the Base of mineral aggregates and mineral stiff binder.

The new material also opens up new areas of application for well-known shaped building materials when the Material with these to form a composite material or a Composite component is combined. As an example in following using the drawing the use of the new Be with plastic covering mats wrote.

The drawing, which shows a section through a new composite component, shows a known covering mat 1 made of PVC. The mat 1 consists of a plate 2 , on one side, viewed in cross section, mushroom-shaped, parallel ribs 3 are integrally formed. The thickness of the plate 2 is about 2 mm, the height of the ribs about 10 mm. The mats are manufactured and processed in large formats. They are used to line, for example, concrete pipes, concrete container walls or the like, and are intended to protect the concrete against aggressive liquids which are in the pipes or containers. The mats are brought into contact with the fresh concrete in the manufacture of the tube or the container wall, so that the ribs 3 are anchored in the concrete. After the concrete has hardened, the inner wall of the pipe or container wall is lined with the plastic mat. In this way, you can create 1 corrosion-resistant, ge molded new components with the plastic mat. However, there are numerous old components already installed without this corrosion protection, which should be made corrosion-resistant as part of a renovation because renewing them would be too expensive. According to the invention, the known mat 1 is back-layered with the new material 4 , prefabricated as a pipe and inserted into the old pipe or fastened to the container wall. Since the coating can be made elastic, the layer of the new material can nestle against the upper surface of the pipe to be renovated or the container wall to be renovated, so that an optimally designed subsequent lining is possible. The thin-walled and large-sized mat 1 also receives a stiffness through the rear layering, which enables the mat or the tube formed from pieces of mat to be cleaned for renovation.

The stiffness can correspond to the stiffness and the layer thickness of the new material be put.

The mat 1 is - as described - coated with the new material 4 , which consists of aggregate 5 from the described recycling plastic and the binder 6 . The binder is a polyurethane foam with matrix webs 7 made of polyurethane and air pores 8 . A very dense pack of aggregates is depicted in field A. The aggregate grains 5 are based on each other. The gussets between the large aggregate grains are filled with aggregate grains of smaller diameter in accordance with the concrete technology. In field B no such dense aggregate grain packing is shown. The coating is much more elastic and can adapt to unevenness better than the coating in field A. A backfill is shown in field C , which consists only of recycled plastic flakes, which are glued together on the surface with binder 7 .

The drawing shows exemplary uses. From the example, however, it follows that diverse varia tion possibilities have been opened by the invention are. In all cases where a new plastic coating can be relatively expensive because of the amount to be used the aggregate significantly reduce the amount.

In the event that the adhesion between the plastic binder and the recycled plastic granulate is insufficient,  known adhesion promoters can be used, for a sufficient bond between the new plastic and to achieve the recycled plastic granulate.

Adhesion promoters can also be used with advantage in the composite building material described in order to promote the adhesion between the plastic mat 1 and the material 4 .

Claims (15)

1. Material based on a recycled plastic, characterized by a binding medium matrix made of plastic and an additive made from at least one recycled plastic granulate and / or recycled plastic shot and / or recycled plastic flake granulate. 2. Material according to claim 1, characterized ge indicates that the granules by Zer a warm or hardened plastic is made and that the plasticate from a Used plastic mixture from households or commercial industrial companies without sorting and cleaning by squeezing, milling and kneading Entamer degassing and plasticization is produced. 3. Material according to claim 1 and / or 2, characterized characterized in that the binder is a plastic adhesive. 4. Material according to claim 3, characterized ge indicates that the binder is a Is two-component adhesive.   5. Material according to one or more of the claims 1 to 4, characterized net that the binder is a thermoplastic Is plastic. 6. Material according to one or more of the claims 1 to 5, characterized net that the binder is a thermoset. 7. Material according to one or more of the claims 1 to 6, characterized net that the plastic granules grain sizes between 0.2 and 10 mm. 8. Material according to one or more of the claims 1 to 7, characterized net that the binder content of 15 to 60 wt.%, preferably from 20 to 40% by weight. 9. Material according to one or more of the claims 1 to 8, characterized net that the binder is an elastic art is fabric. 10. Material according to claim 9, characterized ge indicates that the binder poly urethane, preferably polyurethane foam. 11. Material according to one or more of the claims 1 to 10, characterized net that the aggregate granulate waste art granules and / or flakes and / or meal contains.   12. Material according to one or more of the claims 1 to 11, characterized net that the aggregate granules mineral Contains aggregates. 13. Material according to one or more of the claims 1 to 12, characterized net that he is the binder in powder and / or Granulate form (dry mortar) and preferably one Contains adhesion promoter. 14. Material according to one or more of the claims 1 to 13, characterized by the combination with a preformed component made of plastic. 15. Material according to claim 14, characterized in that the preformed construction element is a corrosion protection mat ( 1 ) made of PVC, on one side ribs ( 3 ), parallel to each other, integrally formed, with a material according to one between the ribs or more of claims 1 to 14 is arranged.