DE3528054A1 - Sea-water resistant, deep-sea-resistant binding of pollutants - Google Patents

Sea-water resistant, deep-sea-resistant binding of pollutants

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Publication number
DE3528054A1
DE3528054A1 DE19853528054 DE3528054A DE3528054A1 DE 3528054 A1 DE3528054 A1 DE 3528054A1 DE 19853528054 DE19853528054 DE 19853528054 DE 3528054 A DE3528054 A DE 3528054A DE 3528054 A1 DE3528054 A1 DE 3528054A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
sea
pollutants
resistant
oxides
binding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19853528054
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German (de)
Inventor
Eugen Dr. 6000 Frankfurt Dumont
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE19853528054 priority Critical patent/DE3528054A1/en
Publication of DE3528054A1 publication Critical patent/DE3528054A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
    • C04B18/023—Fired or melted materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
    • C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00767—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes
    • C04B2111/00784—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes for disposal only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/24—Sea water resistance
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

Binding of toxic substances into a matrix of water glass and metal oxides in order to obtain leaching resistance. Coating and sintering to increase the pressure resistance and water resistance.

Description

Seewasserbeständige,tiefseefeste Seawater-resistant, deep-sea-proof

Einbindung von Schadstoffen. Integration of pollutants.

Eine beträchtliche Anzahl von Schadstoffen,welche in Abgasen und Abwässern aus chemischen oder anderen Prozessen anfallend,vorhanden sein können,müssen auf Sonderdeponien verbracht werden,damit sie nicht in den Biokreislauf gelangen können. A significant number of pollutants found in exhaust gases and Wastewater from chemical or other processes can, must, be present be taken to special landfills so that they do not end up in the biological cycle can.

Aber auch eine solche Verbringung ist kein absoluter Schutz gegen den Eintritt der Schadstoffe,ihrer Zersetzungs- oder Reaktionsprodukte in den Wasserkreislauf.Aggressive,saure Erden können ebenfalls die Schadstoffe wieder freisetzen und ihren Eintritt in die Biosphäre begünstigen.But even such a transfer is not absolute protection against the entry of pollutants, their decomposition or reaction products into the water cycle. Aggressive, acidic Earths can also release the pollutants and their entry into the Favor the biosphere.

Toxische Schadstoffe sind beispielsweise Arsenverbindungen, wie Arsentrioxid oder Pentoxid,Arsensäure und deren Salze, Nickel- oder Cobaltverbindungen vorzugsweise in Staubform, Zinkchromat,Antimontrioxid,Beryllium und Verbindungen,Cadmium und Verbindungen,Calciumchromat,Chrom III-chromate oder Strontiumchromat.Examples of toxic pollutants are arsenic compounds such as arsenic trioxide or pentoxide, arsenic acid and its salts, nickel or cobalt compounds preferably in dust form, zinc chromate, antimony trioxide, beryllium and compounds, cadmium and Compounds, calcium chromate, chromium III chromate or strontium chromate.

Die meisten dieser Stoffe sind als krebserregend eingestuft, sodass ein grosses allgemeines Interesse an ihrer sicheren Verbringung besteht.Most of these substances are classified as carcinogenic, so there is a great general interest in their safe shipment.

Es wurde nun gefunden,dass sich die genannten Schadstoffe, ebenso wie organische Verbindungen,die als toxisch bekannt sind,wie Dibenzodioxin- oder Dibenzofuranderivate oder Pyrolyseprodukte aus organischen Verbindungen dauerhaft,wasser-und druckfest deponieren lassen,sogar in Wasser,wenn sie in eine Matrix aus Natron- oder Kaliwasserglas,gegebenenfalls zusammen mitMetalloxiden,vorzugsweise des Calciums,Siliziums oder Magnesiums oder Mischungen dieser Oxide,einbaut.It has now been found that the pollutants mentioned, as well such as organic compounds that are known to be toxic, such as dibenzodioxin or Dibenzofuran derivatives or pyrolysis products made from organic compounds permanently, water and can be deposited pressure-resistant, even in water, if they are in a matrix of soda or potassium silicate, optionally together with metal oxides, preferably of calcium, silicon or magnesium or mixtures of these oxides.

Ebenso können die Metalloxide ganz oder teilweise durch Schwerspat oder Aluminiumsilikate ersetzt werden.The metal oxides can also be completely or partially replaced by heavy spar or aluminum silicates can be replaced.

Zur Einbindung der Schadstoffe stellt man zunächst eine trokkene Mischung mit den genannten Oxiden her,wobei alle Komponennten in feinpulvriger Form vorliegen sollen,oder wenn es nicht der Fall ist,nach Mischen entsprechend pulverisiert werden.To incorporate the pollutants, a dry mixture is first made with the oxides mentioned, all components being in fine powder form should, or if it is not the case, be pulverized appropriately after mixing.

Die homogenen Mischungen werden sodann mit Kalium- oder mit Natronwasserglas derart versetzt,dass sie eine klumpige Konsistenz annehmen.In an sich bekannter Weise wird sodann die Mischung in eine Kugelform oder andere geometrische Form durch Pelletierteller,Extruder oder Formpressen gebracht.The homogeneous mixtures are then mixed with potassium or soda waterglass offset in such a way that they take on a lumpy consistency - more familiar Way then the mixture is made into a spherical shape or other geometric shape Pelletizing plate, extruder or compression molding brought.

Diese Kugeln oder anderen Formen erstarren in kurzer Zeit zu harten,beständigen Körpern,welche druck- und wasserfest sind.These balls or other shapes solidify in a short time to become hard, permanent Bodies that are pressure and water resistant.

Um die Druckfestigkeit,zum Beispiel für eine Tiefseelagerung noch zu erhöhen,kann man die Kugeln oder anderen Körper noch mit Überzügen von Kali- oder Natronwasserglas zusammen mit Kieselgur,Magnesiumoxid oder Flusspat oder deren Mischungen versehen.About the compressive strength, for example for deep-sea storage to increase, the balls or other bodies can still be coated with potash or soda water glass together with kieselguhr, magnesium oxide or fluorspar or theirs Mixtures provided.

Nach dem Erhärten der Überzüge können die fertigen Körper durch Erhitzen auf Temperaturen bis zu 12000 C vollkommen porenfrei gesintert werden.Solche Körper sind für eine Dauerlagerung in Tiefseegebieten ausserordentlich geeignet.After the coatings have hardened, the finished bodies can be heated can be sintered completely pore-free at temperatures of up to 12000 C. Such bodies are extremely suitable for permanent storage in deep sea areas.

Eine Arbeitsweise zur Herstellung solcher Körper wird in den nachstehenden Beispielen beschrieben,ohne jedoch die Ausführung hierauf zu beschränken.One procedure for making such bodies is shown in the following Examples are described without, however, restricting the implementation thereto.

Beispiel 1.Example 1.

Calciumsulfat aus der trockenen oder nassen Abscheidung von Stickoxiden von Kraftwerksabgasen,welches bekannterweise auch Arsen,Blei oder andere Schadstoffe enthalten kann,wird pulverisiert,wenn es nicht bereits in dieser Form vorliegt, wird in einen Pelletierteller eingefüllt.Der Teller wird in Rotation versetzt bei vorzugsweise 8 bis 30 Umdrehungen je Minute.Calcium sulphate from the dry or wet separation of nitrogen oxides from power plant exhaust gases, which is known to include arsenic, lead or other pollutants may contain, is pulverized if it is not already in this form, is filled into a pelletizing plate. The plate is set in rotation at preferably 8 to 30 revolutions per minute.

Diskontinuierlich wird auf das Calciumsulfat Natronwasserglas aufgesprüht,wobei sich das Sulfat zu Kugeln zusammenballt.Soda waterglass is sprayed discontinuously onto the calcium sulfate, with the sulfate agglomerates into balls.

Zu diesem Zeitpunkt wird Kieselsäure oder auch Flusspat oder eine Mischung dieser Stoffe pulverisiert zugestaubt,wodurch sich die Kugeln stabilisieren.At this point, silica or fluorspar or a Mixture of these substances powdered and dusted, whereby the balls stabilize.

Die Kugeln bestehen dann aus 30 bis 60 Calciumsulfat,20 bis 30% Wasserglas und 20 bis 40% Kieselsäure oder Flusspat.Man lässt sie etwa 1 bis 2 Stunden erhärten,um sie dann gegebenenfalls zu behandeln,das heisst,mit Überzügen zu versehen.The balls then consist of 30 to 60% calcium sulfate, 20 to 30% water glass and 20 to 40% silica or fluoro. Allow to harden for about 1 to 2 hours to treat them if necessary, i.e. to provide them with coatings.

Beispiel 2.Example 2.

Flugasche aus einer Müllverbrennung,enthaltend Tetrachlordibenzodioxin (TCDD)zusammen mit Arsen,Blei und Quecksilberverbindungen wurde nach der Arbeitsweise des Beispiel 1 zu Kugeln verformt.Fly ash from a waste incineration containing tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD) along with arsenic, lead and mercury compounds was used according to the working method of example 1 deformed into spheres.

In einem Dragierkessel werden diese Kugeln zuerst mit Natronwasserglas besprüht,sodann mit Kieselgur bestäubt.Wenn sich eine Schicht Kieselgur gebildet hat,wird wieder Wasserglas aufgesprüht und dies sooft wiederholt bis die gewünschte Schichtdicke erreicht ist.In a coating pan, these balls are first covered with soda water glass sprayed, then dusted with kieselguhr. When a layer of kieselguhr has formed water glass is sprayed on again and this is repeated until the desired Layer thickness is reached.

Im allgemeinen reicht eine Schichtdicke von 0,5 bis 2 mm aus,um einen vollkommenen,druck- und wasserfesten Überzug und Einschluss der Schadstoffe zu gewährleisten.In general, a layer thickness of 0.5 to 2 mm is sufficient to produce one to ensure a perfect, pressure and water-resistant coating and containment of the pollutants.

Beispiel 3.Example 3.

Die nach Beispiel 2 erhaltenen Kugeln werden nach einer Lagerung von 1 bis 2 Stunden bei Normaltemperatur in einem Muffelofen langsam ansteigend innerhalb von 3 Stunden bei Temperaturen zwischen 800 bis 10000 C gebrannt.The balls obtained according to Example 2 are after storage of 1 to 2 hours at normal temperature in a muffle furnace, slowly increasing within Fired for 3 hours at temperatures between 800 and 10000 C.

Sie sind nach dieser Behandlung absolut druckfest bis zu ain2r Wassertiefe von 5000 m.After this treatment, they are absolutely pressure-resistant up to a depth of water from 5000 m.

Claims (1)

Patentansprüche Anspruch 1. Claims to claim 1. Einbinden von toxischen Schadstoffen in eine Matrix aus Wasserglas und Metalloxiden,vorzugsweise aus Calcium-,Silicium- oder Magnesiumoxid oder Mischungen dieser Oxide.Integration of toxic pollutants in a matrix made of water glass and metal oxides, preferably of calcium, silicon or magnesium oxide or mixtures these oxides. Anspruch 2.Claim 2. Einbinden nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet,dass die Oxide ganz oder teilweise durch Schwerspat oder Aluminiumsilikate ersetzt werden.Binding according to claim 1, characterized in that the oxides are whole or partially replaced by barite or aluminum silicates. Anspruch 3.Claim 3. Einbinden nach Ansprüchen 1 und 2 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Flusspat die genannten Oxide ,Schwerspat und Aluminium-Silikate ganz oder teilweise ersetzt.Binding according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that Flusspat all or some of the aforementioned oxides, barite and aluminum silicates have been replaced. Anspruch 4.Claim 4. Überziehen der nach Anspruch 1bis:3 eingebundenen Stoffe mit Wasserglas und den genannten Oxiden oder sonstigen Stoffen.Covering the substances incorporated according to claim 1bis: 3 with water glass and the mentioned oxides or other substances. Anspruch 5.Claim 5. Sintern der nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4 erhaltenen Kugeln oder Formteilen bei Temperaturen bis zu 12000E.Sintering of the spheres or molded parts obtained according to Claims 1 to 4 at temperatures up to 12000E.
DE19853528054 1985-08-05 1985-08-05 Sea-water resistant, deep-sea-resistant binding of pollutants Withdrawn DE3528054A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853528054 DE3528054A1 (en) 1985-08-05 1985-08-05 Sea-water resistant, deep-sea-resistant binding of pollutants

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0294362A2 (en) * 1987-06-05 1988-12-07 Öko Wien Umweltschutzprojektentwicklungs- und managementgesellschaft m.b.H. Process and apparatus for the preparation of water insolubles granules, bodies and the like
EP0313016A2 (en) * 1987-10-21 1989-04-26 Förster, Fritz Inorganic, insoluble industrial raw material producible from waste, method for its production and use
EP0352096A2 (en) * 1988-07-19 1990-01-24 Safe-Waste Systems, Inc. Compositions to encapsulate chromium, arsenic, and other toxic metals in wastes
DE3840794A1 (en) * 1988-12-03 1990-06-13 Battelle Institut E V Process for the preparation of a solid waste product for the ultimate storage of radioactive substances
EP0387727A2 (en) * 1989-03-13 1990-09-19 Hüls Aktiengesellschaft Solidifiable waste mixture
FR2656548A1 (en) * 1990-01-02 1991-07-05 Sandoz Jean PROCESS FOR STABILIZING WASTE CONTAINING CARBIDE AND METALLIC PARTICLES
WO1991012052A1 (en) * 1990-02-07 1991-08-22 Gerhard Strauch Process for environmentally safe disposal of noxious solid, liquidand/or gaseous substances at temperatures of 400 to 1800 degrees
GB2454485A (en) * 2007-11-08 2009-05-13 Johnson Matthey Plc Method of disposing of non-nuclear hazardous waste materials
CZ303353B6 (en) * 2010-11-12 2012-08-08 Vysoká škola chemicko-technologická v Praze Method of fixing toxic substances in alumosilicate polymer matrix

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT388315B (en) * 1987-06-05 1989-06-12 Simmering Entsorgungsbetriebe METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING WATER-INSOLUBLE GRANULATES, MOLDED BODIES OR THE LIKE.
EP0294362A3 (en) * 1987-06-05 1989-11-08 Entsorgungsbetriebe Simmering Gesellschaft M.B.H. & Co. Kg Process and apparatus for the preparation of water insolubles granules, bodies and the like
EP0294362A2 (en) * 1987-06-05 1988-12-07 Öko Wien Umweltschutzprojektentwicklungs- und managementgesellschaft m.b.H. Process and apparatus for the preparation of water insolubles granules, bodies and the like
EP0313016A2 (en) * 1987-10-21 1989-04-26 Förster, Fritz Inorganic, insoluble industrial raw material producible from waste, method for its production and use
EP0313016A3 (en) * 1987-10-21 1990-02-14 Forster, Fritz Inorganic, insoluble industrial raw material producible from waste, method for its production and use
AU626558B2 (en) * 1988-07-19 1992-08-06 Safe-Waste Systems Inc Compositions to encapsulate chromium, arsenic, and other toxic metals in wastes
EP0352096A2 (en) * 1988-07-19 1990-01-24 Safe-Waste Systems, Inc. Compositions to encapsulate chromium, arsenic, and other toxic metals in wastes
EP0352096A3 (en) * 1988-07-19 1990-08-22 Safe-Waste Systems, Inc. Compositions to encapsulate chromium, arsenic, and other toxic metals in wastes
DE3840794A1 (en) * 1988-12-03 1990-06-13 Battelle Institut E V Process for the preparation of a solid waste product for the ultimate storage of radioactive substances
EP0387727A2 (en) * 1989-03-13 1990-09-19 Hüls Aktiengesellschaft Solidifiable waste mixture
EP0387727A3 (en) * 1989-03-13 1991-03-13 Hüls Aktiengesellschaft Solidifiable waste mixture
FR2656548A1 (en) * 1990-01-02 1991-07-05 Sandoz Jean PROCESS FOR STABILIZING WASTE CONTAINING CARBIDE AND METALLIC PARTICLES
EP0437180A1 (en) * 1990-01-02 1991-07-17 Jean Sandoz Process for stabilizing waste containing carbides and metal particles
WO1991012052A1 (en) * 1990-02-07 1991-08-22 Gerhard Strauch Process for environmentally safe disposal of noxious solid, liquidand/or gaseous substances at temperatures of 400 to 1800 degrees
GB2454485A (en) * 2007-11-08 2009-05-13 Johnson Matthey Plc Method of disposing of non-nuclear hazardous waste materials
CZ303353B6 (en) * 2010-11-12 2012-08-08 Vysoká škola chemicko-technologická v Praze Method of fixing toxic substances in alumosilicate polymer matrix

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