DE3524932A1 - Automatic traction adjustment for optimising the braking behaviour of tractor and trailer vehicles - Google Patents
Automatic traction adjustment for optimising the braking behaviour of tractor and trailer vehiclesInfo
- Publication number
- DE3524932A1 DE3524932A1 DE19853524932 DE3524932A DE3524932A1 DE 3524932 A1 DE3524932 A1 DE 3524932A1 DE 19853524932 DE19853524932 DE 19853524932 DE 3524932 A DE3524932 A DE 3524932A DE 3524932 A1 DE3524932 A1 DE 3524932A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- braking
- trailer
- automatic adjustment
- braking deceleration
- brake pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
- B60T7/12—Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger
- B60T7/20—Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger specially for trailers, e.g. in case of uncoupling of or overrunning by trailer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
- B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
- B60T13/66—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
- Braking Systems And Boosters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft Fahrzeugkombinationen, bestehend aus Zug- und Anhängerfahrzeugen mit einer Zweileitungsdruckluftbremsanlage, deren Bremsverzögerungen sich zwar in den Grenzen der anerkannten Abremsungsbänder liegen, jedoch noch stark unterschiedliche Werte annehmen. Hierdurch entsteht ein durchaus kritisches Bremsverhalten von Zug- und Anhängerfahrzeug, welches zu erheblichen Nachteilen wie zum Beispiel erhöhtem Bremsbelagverschleiss, kritischem Fahrverhalten und frühzeitigen Blockieren der Räder, führen kann. Voraussetzung für eine optimale Zugabstimmung ist eine möglichst geringe beim Bremsvorgang auftretende Deichselkraft. Durch eine solche geringe Deichselkraft wird eine gute Fahrstabilität (kein Auflaufen des Anhängers sowie gleichmässiger Bremsbelagverschleiss) erreicht. Die beim Bremsvorgang auftretende Deichselkraft gibt also Aufschluss über die unterschiedliche Bremsverzögerung von Zug- und Anhängerfahrzeug. Durch eine geeignete Messeinrichtung kann diese Deichselkraft (FD) ermittelt werden und daraus eine Druckerhöhung bzw Druckminderung des eingesteuerten Bremsdruckes (pm) im Anhängerfahrzeug hergeleitet werden (Δ pm = f(FD ). Diese Druckänderung (Δ pm) darf sich nur in den Grenzen der üblichen Abbremsungsbänder bewegen, die durch die herkömmlichen Regler (ALB-Regler, handverstellbarer Bremskraftregler usw) dem Beladungszustand angepasst, realisiert werden. Solche Abbremsungsbänder wurden z. B. durch die EG Anpassungsrichtlinien für Bremsanlagen Nr. 75/524 EWG eingeführt, um eine Kompatibilität zwischen Zug- und Anhängerfahrzeugen, selbst im internationalen Strassenverkehr zu schaffen. Für LKW und Anhänger wurde ein gemeinsames, für Sattelzugmaschinen und Sattelanhänger je ein eigenes Abbremsungsband festgelegt. Liegt nun jedoch z. B. die Bremsverzögerung des Abhängerfahrzeuges im oberen Bereich des Toleranzbandes und die Bremsverzögerung des Zugfahrzeuges im unteren Bereich des Toleranzbandes, führt dies zu obengenanntem kritischen Bremsverhalten. The invention relates to vehicle combinations consisting of towing and trailer vehicles with a two-line compressed air brake system, the braking decelerations of which are within the limits of the recognized braking bands, but still assume very different values. This results in a very critical braking behavior of the towing vehicle and trailer, which can lead to considerable disadvantages such as increased brake pad wear, critical driving behavior and premature locking of the wheels. A prerequisite for optimal train coordination is the lowest possible drawbar force that occurs during braking. With such a low drawbar force, good driving stability is achieved (no running up of the trailer and even brake pad wear). The drawbar force that occurs during braking therefore provides information about the different braking deceleration of the towing vehicle and trailer. Using a suitable measuring device, this drawbar force ( FD ) can be determined and a pressure increase or pressure reduction of the applied brake pressure ( pm ) in the trailer vehicle can be derived from it ( Δ pm = f ( FD ). This pressure change ( Δ pm ) may only occur within the limits of move conventional braking bands, which are adapted to the loading condition by the conventional regulators (ALB regulator, hand-adjustable braking force regulator, etc.) Such braking bands were introduced, for example, by the EC adaptation guidelines for braking systems No. 75/524 EEC in order to ensure compatibility between Train and trailer vehicles, even in international road traffic. A common braking band was set for trucks and trailers, and a separate braking band for tractor units and semi-trailers. However, the braking deceleration of the trailer vehicle is now in the upper range of the tolerance band and the braking deceleration of Towing vehicle in the lower area of the Tolerance band, this leads to the above-mentioned critical braking behavior.
Nachfolgendes Beispiel soll die Wirkungsweise einer automatischen Zugabstimmung verdeutlichen. Bild Nr. 1 zeigt die für ein Zugfahrzeug und ein Anhängerfahrzeug ermittelten Abbremsungskurven. Aus diesem Diagramm wird deutlich, dass der Anhänger dieser Zugkombination ständig überbremst betrieben wird. Eine Druckreduzierung um den Betrag Δ pm führt zu einer optimalen Anpassung (siehe Bild Nr. 2).The following example is intended to illustrate the effect of an automatic train coordination. Picture No. 1 shows the deceleration curves determined for a towing vehicle and a trailer vehicle. From this diagram it is clear that the trailer of this train combination is continuously operated with the brakes on. A pressure reduction by the amount Δ pm leads to an optimal adjustment (see picture no. 2).
Bei Zügen, deren zulässiges Gesamtgewicht eine bestimmte Grösse übersteigt, dient als Messwertaufnehmer für die Deichselkraft eine bestimmte Anordnung von Dehnungsmesstreifen (DMS). Die Anbaulage kann durch Berechnung oder mit Hilfe moderner CAD-System nach der Methode der finiten Elemente bestimmt werden. Die der beim Bremsvorgang auftretenden Deichselkraft entsprechenden Signale werden einem Mikroprozesssor gestütztem elektronischen Regelgerät zugeführt, welches die für ein elektropneumatisches Druckregelventil erforderlichen Signale liefert. Dieses Druckregelventil ist in die Bremsleitung des Anhängerfahrzeuges montiert und ist somit in der Lage den eingesteuerten Bremsdruck in bestimmten Grenzen zu beeinflussen. Das elektronische Regelgerät tritt erst in Funktion, wenn durch den Fahrzeugführer eine Bremsung eingeleitet wird (Druckanstieg in der Bremsleitung). Ferner sorgt es dafür, das die durch das festgelegte Toleranzband geforderten Grenzen nicht überschritten werden. Die Regelcharakteristik kann frei programmiert werden. Das Zeitverhalten der Anhängerbremsanlage bleibt zunächst unberührt, da es sich beim Regelvorgang nur um eine Korrektur des Bremsdruckes handelt. Das vorstehend beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel ist durch den heutigen Stand der Technik preiswert zu realisieren und ist bei Fahrzeugen herkömmlicher Bremsanlage leicht nachrüstbar.For trains whose permissible total weight is one exceeds a certain size, serves as Sensor for the drawbar force one certain arrangement of strain gauges (DMS). The mounting position can be calculated or with the help modern CAD system using the finite method Elements can be determined. The one when braking signals corresponding to the drawbar force are supported by a microprocessor supplied electronic control device, which the for an electro-pneumatic pressure control valve provides the necessary signals. This Pressure control valve is in the brake line of the Trailer vehicle mounted and is therefore in the Position the controlled brake pressure in certain Influence borders. The electronic Control unit only comes into operation when the Vehicle driver initiates braking (Pressure increase in the brake line). It also provides for that by the specified tolerance band required limits are not exceeded. The Control characteristics can be freely programmed. The time behavior of the trailer brake system remains initially unaffected, since the control process only is a correction of the brake pressure. The embodiment described above is inexpensive due to the current state of the art realize and is more conventional in vehicles Brake system can be easily retrofitted.
Claims (5)
- einen Sensor zur Aufnahme der beim Bremsvorgang entstehenden Deichselkraft im Anhängerfahrzeug,
- eine Signalverarbeitung zur Verarbeitung des vom Sensor kommenden Signals,
- eine Vorrichtung zur Erhöhung bzw. Minderung des eingesteuerten Bremsdruckes je nach Art des von der Signalverarbeitung kommenden Signals.1. Automatic adaptation of the braking deceleration of trailer vehicles to the braking deceleration of the towing vehicle, characterized by
a sensor for recording the drawbar force generated during the braking process in the trailer vehicle,
signal processing for processing the signal coming from the sensor,
- A device for increasing or decreasing the applied brake pressure depending on the type of signal coming from the signal processing.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19853524932 DE3524932A1 (en) | 1985-07-12 | 1985-07-12 | Automatic traction adjustment for optimising the braking behaviour of tractor and trailer vehicles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19853524932 DE3524932A1 (en) | 1985-07-12 | 1985-07-12 | Automatic traction adjustment for optimising the braking behaviour of tractor and trailer vehicles |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE3524932A1 true DE3524932A1 (en) | 1987-01-15 |
Family
ID=6275615
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19853524932 Withdrawn DE3524932A1 (en) | 1985-07-12 | 1985-07-12 | Automatic traction adjustment for optimising the braking behaviour of tractor and trailer vehicles |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE3524932A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0320602A2 (en) * | 1987-12-18 | 1989-06-21 | WABCO Westinghouse Fahrzeugbremsen GmbH | Overload warning device for a trailer brake |
EP0378811A1 (en) * | 1989-01-18 | 1990-07-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Compressed air brake installation for motor vehicles |
DE20119469U1 (en) * | 2001-11-29 | 2003-04-10 | AL-KO Kober AG, 89359 Kötz | Electric braking device for vehicle trailers |
-
1985
- 1985-07-12 DE DE19853524932 patent/DE3524932A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0320602A2 (en) * | 1987-12-18 | 1989-06-21 | WABCO Westinghouse Fahrzeugbremsen GmbH | Overload warning device for a trailer brake |
EP0320602A3 (en) * | 1987-12-18 | 1990-03-07 | Wabco Westinghouse Fahrzeugbremsen Gmbh | Overload warning device for a trailer brake |
US5132664A (en) * | 1987-12-18 | 1992-07-21 | Wabco Westinghouse Fahrzeugbremsen Gmbh | Overload warning system for a trailer brake arrangement |
EP0378811A1 (en) * | 1989-01-18 | 1990-07-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Compressed air brake installation for motor vehicles |
DE20119469U1 (en) * | 2001-11-29 | 2003-04-10 | AL-KO Kober AG, 89359 Kötz | Electric braking device for vehicle trailers |
US7438368B2 (en) | 2001-11-29 | 2008-10-21 | Al-Kokober Ag | Electrical braking device for vehicle trailers and method for operation thereof |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |