DE35188C

DE35188C - Innovations in dynamo-electric unipolar machines

Info

Publication number: DE35188C
Application number: DENDAT35188D
Authority: DE
Original assignee: G. FORBES in London, 34 Great George St., Westminster
Anticipated expiration: 1905-06-23

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING

ϊρΖΦ ■ ■' / ϊρΖΦ ■ ■ '/

KLASSE 21: Elektrische Apparate./^CLASS 21: Electrical apparatus./^

Patentirt im Deutschen Reiche vom 23. Juni 1885 ab.Patented in the German Empire on June 23, 1885.

Die vom Erfinder bereits früher angegebene dynamo-elektrische Maschine, bei welcher die Armatur aus einem Paar Scheiben von Weichem Eisen bestand, die in einem gewissen Abstand von einander auf einer rotirenden Welle befestigt waren und wobei . der Elektromagnet die Scheiben vollständig einschlofs, litten an dem Uebelstande, dafs es sehr schwierig war, die Welle an einer Verschiebung parallel zu ihrer Richtung zu verhindern; die Polschuhe des Elektromagneten wirken nämlich kräftig auf die Scheiben ein und suchen sie parallel zur Wellenachse zu verschieben; um dies zu verhüten, müssen die Seheiben sehr genau justirt sein, damit sie genau symmetrisch gegen die Pole gelagert seien; ist dies nicht der Fall, so findet an den Schultern der Welle, welche den Druck parallel zur Achse derselben aufnehmen sollen, eine starke Reibung statt.
■ Entsprechend der vorliegenden Erfindung läfst man diejenigen Theile des Elektromagneten, welche den Aufsenflächen der Scheiben gegenüber liegen, weg, und ebenso den Theil des festen Elektromagneten, welcher zwischen den Scheiben liegt, und macht die Armatur aus einem einzigen Cylinder von weichem Eisen, so dafs der Zwischenraum zwischen den beiden Scheiben durch eine Eisenmasse ausgefüllt ist, welche an der Welle befestigt ist und mit derselben ro tirt,. statt mit einer feststehenden, am Gehäuse befestigten Eisenmasse ausgefüllt zu sein. Es wird hierbei in beiden Fällen dieselbe Wirkung erzielt. Um die elektromotorische Kraft der Maschine zu erhöhen, theilt man die beiden Theile des Cylinders, welche den beiden Scheiben der Maschine in ihrer früheren Form entsprechen, in von einander isolirte Theile. Die Theilung erfolgt am besten senkrecht zur Achse der Welle, doch kann sie auch in anderen Richtungen erfolgen, wenn nur die einzelnen Theile so viele Kraftlinien durchschneiden, als möglich.The dynamo-electric machine previously indicated by the inventor, in which the armature consisted of a pair of discs of soft iron, which were fixed at a certain distance from one another on a rotating shaft and where. the electromagnet completely enclosing the disks suffered from the inconvenience that it was very difficult to prevent the shaft from being displaced parallel to its direction; the pole pieces of the electromagnet act vigorously on the disks and try to move them parallel to the shaft axis; In order to prevent this, the sight glasses must be adjusted very precisely, so that they are positioned exactly symmetrically against the poles; if this is not the case, then there is strong friction on the shoulders of the shaft, which are supposed to absorb the pressure parallel to its axis.
■ According to the present invention, läfst those parts of the electromagnet, which are the supervisor faces of the discs against, away, and also that part of the fixed electromagnet which is located between the discs and makes the fitting of a single cylinder of soft iron; so that the space between the two disks is filled by an iron mass which is attached to the shaft and rotates with the same. instead of being filled with a fixed iron mass attached to the housing. The same effect is achieved in both cases. In order to increase the electromotive force of the machine, the two parts of the cylinder, which correspond to the two disks of the machine in their earlier form, are divided into separate parts. The division is best done perpendicular to the axis of the shaft, but it can also be done in other directions, if only the individual parts cut through as many lines of force as possible.

Wenn die Theilungsebenen senkrecht auf der Wellenachse stehen, so wird jede Scheibe durch eine grofse Anzahl dünner Scheiben oder Ringe ersetzt, die von einander und von der Welle isolirt sind. . ..If the planes of division are perpendicular to the axis of the shaft, each disk will be replaced by a great number of thin disks or rings, one from another and from one another the shaft are isolated. . ..

Der innere Umfang jeder Scheibe eines der Scheibensätze ist durch eine isolirte Stange oder ein Verbindungsstück mit dem inneren Umfang einer Scheibe des anderen Scheibensatzes verbunden. Der äufsere Umfang jeder Scheibe steht in leitender Verbindung mit einem Collector oder Contactapparat; für jede Scheibe wird ein solcher Apparat verwendet. Die Collectoren des einen Scheibensatzes sind mit den Collectoren des anderen Scheibensatzes derart verbunden, dafs die verschiedenen Scheiben sämmtlich hinter einander geschaltet sind. Vom letzten Collector an jedem Ende der Reihe führt ein Leiter nach aufsen und bildet eine der Polklemmen der Maschine.The inner circumference of each disk of one of the sets of disks is insulated by a rod or a connector with the inner periphery of a disk of the other set of disks tied together. The outer circumference of each disk is in conductive connection with a collector or contact apparatus; for every Disc, such an apparatus is used. The collectors of one set of targets are connected to the collectors of the other set of disks in such a way that the various Discs are all connected one behind the other. From the last collector at each end In the row a conductor leads to the outside and forms one of the pole terminals of the machine.

Fig. ι zeigt einen Verticalschnitt der Maschine mit der aus einem einzigen Cylinder aus weichem Eisen bestehenden Armatur.Fig. Ι shows a vertical section of the machine with that of a single cylinder armature made of soft iron.

In dieser Figur sind AA die Theile des Cylinders, welche den beiden Scheiben der früheren Maschine des Erfinders entsprechen.In this figure, AA are the parts of the cylinder which correspond to the two disks of the inventor's earlier machine.

a¹ ist die Eisenmasse in der Mitte, die mit den Scheiben A einen festen Körper bildet oder von derselben getrennt sein kann, wie dies durch die punktirten Linien angedeutet ist. <z², Fig. 2, sind die äufseren Enden des Cylinders, welche die festen Endpole der früheren Maschine des Erfinders ersetzen. B ist die Welle, C ist eine Eisenmasse in der a ¹ is the iron mass in the middle, which forms a solid body with the disks A or can be separated from them, as indicated by the dotted lines. <z ² , Fig. 2, are the outer ends of the cylinder which replace the fixed end poles of the inventor's earlier machine. B is the shaft, C is a mass of iron in the

Claims

Middle, which forms part of the electromagnet; DD are two other masses of soft iron that make up the remainder of the electromagnet. EE are annular spaces between C and D, each of which contains a magnetizing wire coil.

When the shaft is rotated, the current excited in the rotating armature is diverted by contact rings F which surround the disks A ; The current is drawn from these rings by metal conductors which pass through the spaces between the magnetizing coils.

The remaining figures show fittings in which the parts corresponding to the discs A are divided into a number of rings or parts, as indicated above.

In Figs. 3 and 4, AA are the numerous thin disks or rings, BB are rods which conductively connect the corresponding disks on either side of the central piece. These rods can be made of copper or some other conductive material. Each disc is connected to one of the rods by a tongue α . C is an annular mass of soft iron that fills the space between the discs and forms the center pole of the armature.

DD are thick slices made of soft iron, which are used to hold the thin slices in place.

The disks AA are located on the shaft of the disks AA in FIGS. 1 and 2, ie directly opposite the coils contained in the annular spaces E. Instead of the annular mass C of soft iron and the conductive rods B being made in separate pieces, the annular mass could consist of segments which form continuations of the conductive rods; in this case the conductive rods B would also have to be made of iron.

Fig. 5 shows an arrangement which uses the inventor for deriving the induced currents of c s ^J various discs of the valve. In this figure, G G are rings, one of which encircles the outer periphery of each disk of the two sets of disks.

Each ring has a number of metal slide springs inside, which rub against the circumference of the disc. The ring surrounding a disc of one set is connected by a conductive bar H to a ring surrounding a disc of the other set. The rings are located in an annular space between the disks and the magnetizing coils, while the rod H, which connects the rings to one another, can be located outside the magnetizing coils. The connection between the inner circumferences of the different disks A of the two sets of disks and their outer circumferences are chosen so that the disks are all connected one behind the other and the conductors derived from the last ring of each set form the poles of the machine. These conductors can expediently be diverted between the magnetizing coils, as shown in FIG. 1, and serve to divert the current induced in the disks.

In Figs. 6 and 7 the construction is the same, except that instead of the rods, concentric cylinders B are used to connect the disks in pairs. These cylinders must be made of soft iron or some other magnetic material. In FIG. 8, the connecting rods B are significantly gröfser in Verhältnifs to the rings A, but are connected to them in the same order as in Fig. 3 and 4. In Fig. 9 and 10, the rings are omitted, and the inducteous current is supplied from taken from the rods by a number of collectors isolated from one another, each of which enters into a conductive connection with each rod as the armature rotates. Two sets of collectors can be used, each containing as many collectors as there are rods, or one collector more or less. Fig. 11 shows a side view, partly in section, and Fig. 12 is an end view, half in section, of a dynamo-electric machine, the armature of which is similar to the armature shown in Fig. 3, but in which the electromagnets are not shaped as this is shown in the schematic views of FIGS. 1 and 2, but the electromagnet. are designed similar to the Gramme machine. Any of the fittings described above can be used in conjunction with such shaped electromagnets.

Sponsorship τ claim:

In a unipolar machine, the connection of a cylindrical anchor with a the circumference of the armature completely surrounding magnets and also an armature made of conductive Discs, between which iron parts are arranged with contact rods or cylinders on the inner and outer circumferences of these discs, through which these latter conduct be connected to each other.

In addition 5 sheets of drawings.