DE3516961C2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE3516961C2 DE3516961C2 DE3516961A DE3516961A DE3516961C2 DE 3516961 C2 DE3516961 C2 DE 3516961C2 DE 3516961 A DE3516961 A DE 3516961A DE 3516961 A DE3516961 A DE 3516961A DE 3516961 C2 DE3516961 C2 DE 3516961C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- air conditioner
- heat pump
- conditioner according
- air
- fan
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/02—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
- F02G1/0435—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines the engine being of the free piston type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/02—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing
- F24F1/028—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing characterised by air supply means, e.g. fan casings, internal dampers or ducts
- F24F1/0284—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing characterised by air supply means, e.g. fan casings, internal dampers or ducts with horizontally arranged fan axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/02—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing
- F24F1/03—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing characterised by mounting arrangements
- F24F1/031—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing characterised by mounting arrangements penetrating a wall or window
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/02—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing
- F24F1/0358—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing with dehumidification means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/001—Gas cycle refrigeration machines with a linear configuration or a linear motor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Klimagerät für geschlossene Räume, das mit einer elektrisch angetriebenen Wärmepumpe versehen ist.The invention relates to an air conditioner for closed rooms, which is equipped with an electrically driven heat pump.
Bisherige Klimageräte für geschlossene Räume benötigen einen aufwendigen Kältemittelkreislauf mit Verdampfer, Kompressor, Kondensator und Expan sionsventil. Wenn bei diesen Geräten die Verdampfertemperatur sinkt, dann nimmt auch die Heizzahl ab.Previous air conditioning units for closed rooms require a complex one Refrigerant circuit with evaporator, compressor, condenser and expan ion valve. If the evaporator temperature drops on these devices, then the heating number also decreases.
Nun ist es durch die DE-OS 32 27 643 schon bekannt geworden, durch An wendung einer äußeren Verbrennung regenerative Kreisprozesse auszu nutzen, um mechanische Arbeit zu gewinnen und zusätzlich Kälte zu produ zieren, indem Stirlingmotoren und Kryogengeneratoren verwendet werden. Für die Verwendung als Klimagerät zur Raumheizung und -kühlung, insbe sondere für Einzelräume, ist dieses System viel zu aufwendig und kost spielig und dadurch nicht mehr effektiv.Now it is already known from DE-OS 32 27 643, by An external regeneration cycle use to gain mechanical work and to additionally produce cold decorate using Stirling engines and cryogen generators. For use as an air conditioner for space heating and cooling, esp especially for individual rooms, this system is far too complex and expensive playful and therefore no longer effective.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Klimagerät der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, das nicht nur preiswert und war tungslos langlebig ist, sondern eine monovalente Heizung erlaubt, bei der die Heizzahl auch bei abnehmender Wärmeaufnahmetemperatur nahezu un verändert hoch ist.The present invention has for its object an air conditioner of the type mentioned at the beginning, which was not only inexpensive and is durable, but allows monovalent heating the heating number is almost un even with decreasing heat absorption temperature is changing high.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruches 1 aufgezeigten Maßnahmen gelöst.This object is achieved by the characterizing part of claim 1 Measures identified resolved.
In den Unteransprüchen sind vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen niedergelegt.Advantageous refinements are laid down in the subclaims.
Damit ist ein Klimagerät geschaffen, das insbesondere für Einzelraumhei zung in Herstellung und Unterhalt sehr preiswert und zuverlässig arbei tet und - da die ganze Anlage nur zwei reibungslos bewegte Teile auf weist - langlebig und wartungslos ist. Auch bei abnehmender Wärmeauf nahmetemperatur bleibt die Heizzahl nahezu unverändert. Dieses Klimage rät ist ganz besonders in den Zonen geeignet, in denen die Umgebungsluft den Gefrierpunkt nicht unterschreitet und dennoch verschiedentlich ge heizt werden muß.This creates an air conditioner that is particularly suitable for individual rooms production and maintenance work very inexpensively and reliably and - since the entire system only has two smoothly moving parts exhibits - is durable and maintenance-free. Even with decreasing heat the heating temperature remains almost unchanged. This Klimage advises is particularly suitable in the zones in which the ambient air does not fall below freezing point and yet ge must be heated.
In der nachfolgenden Beschreibung wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel erläutert und in den Figuren der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellt. Es zeigenAn exemplary embodiment is explained in the following description and shown schematically in the figures of the drawing. Show it
Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung des Ausführungsbeispiels eines Klimagerätes mit Stirlingwärmepumpe in der Betriebsstellung "Kühlen", Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of the embodiment of an air conditioner with the Stirling heat pump in the operating position "cooling",
Fig. 2 eine Schaltskizze über den Energiefluß bei Raumkühlung, Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the energy flow via at room cooling,
Fig. 3 eine Schaltskizze über den Energiefluß bei Raumheizung. Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the energy flow in space heating.
Bekanntlich durchläuft das beispielsweise als Arbeitsgas verwendete Helium im Stirlingwärmepumpenkreislauf die Arbeitsgänge:As is known, this is used for example as a working gas Helium in the Stirling heat pump cycle the operations:
- a) isochore Expansion im kalten Zustand unter Wärmeaufnahme,a) isochoric expansion in the cold state with absorption of heat,
- b) isochore Erwärmung bei Durchtritt durch den Regenerator, der dadurch abkühlt,b) isochoric heating when passing through the regenerator, which thereby cools down,
- c) isotherme Kompression im warmen Zustand unter Wärmeabgabe, wobei im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel der Arbeitskolben vom Linearmotor 11 angetrieben wird undc) isothermal compression in the warm state with the emission of heat, the working piston being driven by the linear motor 11 in the present exemplary embodiment and
- d) isochore Abkühlung bei Durchtritt durch den Regenerator, der sich dadurch erwärmt.d) isochoric cooling when passing through the regenerator thereby warmed.
Der Linearmotor 11 bzw. Teile desselben und die Stirlingwärmepumpe 10 befinden sich gemeinsam in einem geschlossenen Gehäuse, das mit dem Ar beitsgas Helium unter 10 bar Druck gefüllt ist. Der vom Linearmotor 11 angetriebene Arbeitskolben der Stirlingwärmepumpe 10 betätigt deren Ver dränger und damit weist diese Pumpe nur zwei bewegte Teile auf, die zwischen Gaspolstern fast reibungsfrei linear bewegt werden. Das Gehäuse der Wärmepumpe 10 ist zum Wärmeaustausch mit der Luft durch Rippen 10 b oberflächenmäßig vergrößert.The linear motor 11 or parts of the same and the Stirling heat pump 10 are located together in a closed housing which is filled with the working gas helium under 10 bar pressure. The working piston driven by the linear motor 11 of the Stirling heat pump 10 actuates its displacer and thus this pump has only two moving parts, which are moved linearly between gas cushions almost without friction. The housing of the heat pump 10 is enlarged for heat exchange with the air by ribs 10 b surface.
Soll nun ein Raum gekühlt werden, so saugt der elektrisch betriebene Ventilator 12 Raumluft an, wie es in Fig. 1 durch die Pfeile verdeut licht ist. Diese Raumluft passiert auf ihrem Weg ins Freie die in ihrem Strömungskanal 16 liegende Stirlingwärmepumpe 10 und den Linearmotor 11 und nimmt deren Abwärme auf. Die entsprechende Menge Frischluft strömt nun über den Kanal 17 in den Raum nach und kühlt hierbei am kalten Teil 10 a der Wärmepumpe 10 ab. Dieser Vorgang geschieht so, daß sich Abluft und Frischluft zu keinem Zeitpunkt des Austausches miteinander ver mischen. Beim Abkühlen entfeuchtet die Frischluft und das entstehende Kondenswasser wird entweder ins Freie geleitet, kann aber beispielsweise in tropischen Gebieten auch problemlos gesammelt werden. Die Kühllei stung wird nun über einen Raumthermostat 14 geregelt. Dies kann bei spielsweise so erfolgen, daß dieser die elektrische Spannung am Linear motor variiert oder letzteren bei Erreichung eines bestimmten Wertes ein- bzw. ausschaltet. Weiterhin ist mit dem Raumthermostat 14 ein am kalten Teil 10 a der Stirlingwärmepumpe angeordneter Temperatursensor 15 verbunden, der dort eine Gefrierpunktsunterschreitung verhindert. So wird vorzugsweise die maximale Kühlleistung auf beispielsweise +5°C Frischlufteintritt festgelegt. Das heißt, daß sich dann auch die Abluft nicht unter 5°C abkühlen darf.If a room is now to be cooled, the electrically operated fan 12 draws in room air, as is illustrated in FIG. 1 by the arrows. On its way to the outside, this room air passes the Stirling heat pump 10 located in its flow channel 16 and the linear motor 11 and absorbs its waste heat. The corresponding amount of fresh air now flows through the duct 17 into the room and cools down on the cold part 10 a of the heat pump 10 . This happens in such a way that exhaust air and fresh air are never mixed together at any time during the exchange. When it cools down, the fresh air dehumidifies and the resulting condensate is either led outside, but can also be easily collected, for example, in tropical areas. The Kühllei stung is now controlled by a room thermostat 14 . This can be done, for example, by varying the electrical voltage on the linear motor or switching the latter on or off when a certain value is reached. Furthermore, a temperature sensor 15 arranged on the cold part 10 a of the Stirling heat pump is connected to the room thermostat 14 , which prevents the temperature from falling below freezing point there. For example, the maximum cooling capacity is preferably set to, for example, + 5 ° C. fresh air inlet. This means that the exhaust air must not cool below 5 ° C.
An sich ist eine Luftmengenregelung über den Ventilator 12 nicht erfor derlich, verschiedentlich kann es jedoch vorteilhaft sein, wenn über einen Mehrstufenschalter 18 die Raumluftverteilung geregelt wird. In itself, an air volume control via the fan 12 is not necessary, but in some cases it can be advantageous if the room air distribution is regulated via a multi-stage switch 18 .
Soll nun der Raum geheizt werden, so wird lediglich die Drehrichtung des Ventilators 12 geändert. Betrachtet man die Fig. 1 der Zeichnung, so verlaufen in diesem Falle die eingezeichneten Strömungspfeile genau in Gegenrichtung. Auch dies wird durch den Raumthermostat 14 gesteuert. Selbstverständlich ist auch eine Handumschaltung möglich. Nun drückt der Ventilator 12 Frischluft in den Raum, die hierbei die Abwärme von Linearmotor 11 und Stirlingwärmepumpe 10 aufnimmt. Die der zuströmenden Frischluft entsprechende Menge Raumluft gelangt als Abluft über den Kanal 17 ins Freie und gibt hierbei am kalten Teil 10 a der Wärmepumpe ihre Wärme ab, die bei dem Heizvorgang mit verwertet wird.If the room is now to be heated, only the direction of rotation of the fan 12 is changed. Looking at FIG. 1 of the drawing, the flow arrows drawn in this case run exactly in the opposite direction. This is also controlled by the room thermostat 14 . Manual switching is of course also possible. Now the fan 12 pushes fresh air into the room, which in this case absorbs the waste heat from the linear motor 11 and the Stirling heat pump 10 . The amount of room air corresponding to the incoming fresh air is discharged into the open via the duct 17 and in this way emits its heat on the cold part 10 a of the heat pump, which is also used in the heating process.
Fig. 2 zeigt den Energiefluß - oder genauer gesagt den Leistungs fluß - für den Fall der Raumkühlung. Die Leistungszahl mit dem Wert 2 ergibt sich durch Division der Kühlleistung (2 kW) durch die dem Netz entnommene elektrische Leistung (1 kW). Somit gehen 3 kW an die Abluft. Fig. 2 shows the energy flow - or more precisely the power flow - for the case of space cooling. The coefficient of performance with the value 2 is obtained by dividing the cooling capacity (2 kW) by the electrical power drawn from the network (1 kW). So 3 kW go to the exhaust air.
Fig. 3 zeigt den Leistungsfluß für den Fall der Raumheizung. Die Heiz zahl mit dem Wert 3 ist der Quotient aus der Heizleistung (3 kW) und der elektrischen Leistung (1 kW). Somit werden der Abluft 2 kW entnommen. Fig. 3 shows the power flow in the case of space heating. The heating number with the value 3 is the quotient of the heating power (3 kW) and the electrical power (1 kW). Thus 2 kW are extracted from the exhaust air.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19853516961 DE3516961A1 (en) | 1985-05-10 | 1985-05-10 | Air-conditioning device for closed rooms |
GB8610989A GB2177497B (en) | 1985-05-10 | 1986-05-06 | Air conditioning apparatus |
FR868606658A FR2581739B1 (en) | 1985-05-10 | 1986-05-07 | AIR CONDITIONING APPARATUS WITH HEAT PUMP FOR HEATING AND COOLING PREMISES |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19853516961 DE3516961A1 (en) | 1985-05-10 | 1985-05-10 | Air-conditioning device for closed rooms |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE3516961A1 DE3516961A1 (en) | 1986-11-13 |
DE3516961C2 true DE3516961C2 (en) | 1989-03-23 |
Family
ID=6270441
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19853516961 Granted DE3516961A1 (en) | 1985-05-10 | 1985-05-10 | Air-conditioning device for closed rooms |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE3516961A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06137699A (en) * | 1992-10-27 | 1994-05-20 | Toyota Autom Loom Works Ltd | Air conditioner for vehicle |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3227643A1 (en) * | 1982-07-23 | 1984-01-26 | Franz X. Prof. Dr.-Ing. 8000 München Eder | Domestic energy system |
-
1985
- 1985-05-10 DE DE19853516961 patent/DE3516961A1/en active Granted
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE3516961A1 (en) | 1986-11-13 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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8120 | Willingness to grant licences paragraph 23 | ||
8110 | Request for examination paragraph 44 | ||
D2 | Grant after examination | ||
8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
8327 | Change in the person/name/address of the patent owner |
Owner name: DEUTSCHE AEROSPACE AG, 8000 MUENCHEN, DE |
|
8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |