DE3440766A1 - Wall, facade, roof or partitioning element - Google Patents

Wall, facade, roof or partitioning element

Info

Publication number
DE3440766A1
DE3440766A1 DE19843440766 DE3440766A DE3440766A1 DE 3440766 A1 DE3440766 A1 DE 3440766A1 DE 19843440766 DE19843440766 DE 19843440766 DE 3440766 A DE3440766 A DE 3440766A DE 3440766 A1 DE3440766 A1 DE 3440766A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
working medium
element according
wall
thermal resistance
roof
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19843440766
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Engelbert 6057 Dietzenbach Illmayr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE19843440766 priority Critical patent/DE3440766A1/en
Publication of DE3440766A1 publication Critical patent/DE3440766A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/61—Passive solar heat collectors, e.g. operated without external energy source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S2080/03—Arrangements for heat transfer optimization
    • F24S2080/07—Arrangements for one-way heat transfer, e.g. thermal diodes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/20—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications using renewable energy

Abstract

A wall, facade, roof or partitioning element which comprises parallel chambers which are preferably at an angle, are filled with a part-liquid and part-gas working medium and can be produced in the form of slabs or bricks. The element has a good heat-insulating capacity (also without working medium, as a variant). Under certain temperature conditions, the thermal conductivity of the element is low in one direction and high in the other. As a result of these properties, it can be used for insulating or producing building walls, roofs, etc. which, on the one hand, have good heat-insulating values but, on the other hand, also permit the utilisation of solar energy. In industrial processes, irregularly occurring quantities of waste heat may be obtained by using the element. By arrangements to modify the chamber pressure, the characteristic of the element can be constantly adapted to requirements (useful temperature, available energy). By applying a radiation-absorbing layer and/or a transparent pane on the outer side of the element, the efficiency in terms of utilisation of solar energy can be improved. <IMAGE>

Description

Beschreibung:Description:

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Wand-, Fassaden-, Dach oder Trennelenzent.The invention relates to a wall, facade, roof or partition element.

Solche Elemente schützen die Außenflächen von Gebäuden (Wände, Fassaden, Dächer) gegen Witterungseinflüsse, Wärmeverlust, Schallbelastung etc.. Als Trennelement kann es, allgemein ausgedrückt, zur Wärmeisolierung zwischen einem warmen und einen kältern Raum dienen.Such elements protect the external surfaces of buildings (walls, facades, Roofs) against weather influences, heat loss, sound pollution etc. As a separating element it can, in general terms, provide thermal insulation between a warm and a serve colder space.

Als "Element wird in dieser Beschreibung jede Anordnung verstanden, die zur Lösung obiger Aufgaben geeignet ist, und in Worin von ein- oder mehrschichtigen Platten oder Ziegeln hergestellt werden kann; wobei die wand, das Dach etc. auch durch dss Element selbst gebildet werden kann.In this description, an "element is understood to mean any arrangement which is suitable for solving the above tasks, and in what of single or multi-layered Panels or bricks can be made; whereby the wall, the roof etc. also can be formed by the element itself.

Die bekannten Elemente, die meist aus wärmedämmenden Stoffen und zusätzlichem Witterungsschutz (Vormauerungen, Dachziegeln, Putz etc.) bestehen, behindern den Wärmedurchgang in beiden Richtungen. Das hat zur Folge, daß Energien (z. B. Sonnenenergie), die an der Außenseite des elements anfallen, nicht genutzt werden können. Dieser Umstand wird beispielsweise in der Fachzeitschrift "Consulting", Heft 1/1983, Seiten 20 bis 23, beklagt.The well-known elements, mostly made of insulating materials and additional Weather protection (facing walls, roof tiles, plaster, etc.) exist, hinder the Heat transfer in both directions. As a result, energies (e.g. solar energy) that accumulate on the outside of the element cannot be used. This The fact is, for example, in the journal "Consulting", issue 1/1983, pages 20 to 23, lamented.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Element zu entwickeln, das einerseits eine gute Wärmeisolierung aufweist, andererseits unregelmäßig anfallende Wärmeenergien (z. B. Sonnenenergie, abwärme etc.) von außen nach innen bzw. in der gewünschten Richtung durchläßt.The invention is based on the object of developing an element which on the one hand has good thermal insulation, on the other hand it occurs irregularly Thermal energies (e.g. solar energy, waste heat, etc.) from the outside to the inside or in the the desired direction.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß das Element aus parallelen, vorzugsweise schrägen Kammern besteht, die mit einem -teils flüssigen, teils gasförmigen-Arbeitsmedium gefüllt sind.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the element consists of parallel, preferably inclined chambers, which are partially liquid, partly gaseous working medium are filled.

Steigt die Temperatur der Außenwand (beispielsweise durch Sonneneinstrahlung) über die Temperatur der Innenwand des Elements, so wird das Arbeitsmedium, das in den Kapillaren hochsteigt, an der Außenwand verdampft, steigt in den schrägen Kammern weiter zur Innenwand, und wird dort kondensiert. Durch diesen Vorgang wird Wärmeenergie (Kondensationswärme ) von außen nach innen gefördert (Heat-pipe-Prinzip). Ein zu hohes Aufheizen der Innenwand kann durch die Wahl aes Arbeitsmediums (Druck, nge) insofern verhindert werden, daß beim Erreichen einer bestimmten Temperatur das gesamte Arbeitsmedium verdampft ist. Liegt die Außentemperatur unterhalb der Innentemperatur, so besitzt das Element durch sehen Aufbau (dünne, lange Stege; größtenteils Gasfüllung mit gelingen Druck; Verhinderung der Konvektion durch die schrägen Kammern) eine geringe Warmeleitfchigkeit. Dadurch wird eine gute Wärmeisolierung erreicht. Der prinzipielle Aufbau des Elements ist in Abb. 1 dargestellt.If the temperature of the outer wall rises (e.g. due to solar radiation) via the temperature of the inner wall of the element, the working medium that is in rises up the capillaries, evaporates on the outer wall, rises in the inclined chambers further to the inner wall, and is condensed there. Through this process there is heat energy (Heat of condensation ) conveyed from the outside to the inside (heat pipe principle). Excessive heating of the inner wall can be caused by the choice of a working medium (pressure, nge) to the extent that it is prevented when a certain temperature is reached the entire working medium has evaporated. If the outside temperature is below the Internal temperature, the element has structure (thin, long webs; mostly gas filling with successful pressure; Prevention of convection through the inclined chambers) have a low thermal conductivity. This creates good thermal insulation achieved. The basic structure of the element is shown in Fig. 1.

Das Element läßt sich verbessern, indem Menge und Druck des Arbeitsmediums unter Verwendung geeigneter Anordnungen (Pumpe, Ventile etc.) wcihrend des Getriebes geändert werden können. Dadurch kann die Charakteristik des Elements der gewünschten Innentemperatur bzw. dein außen vorhandenen Energieangebot jederzeit angepaßt werden.The element can be improved by changing the amount and pressure of the working medium using suitable arrangements (pump, valves, etc.) during the transmission can be changed. This allows the characteristic of the element to be the one you want Internal temperature or your external energy supply can be adjusted at any time.

Der Wirkungsgrad hinsichtlich der l-utzung von Sonnenenergie läßt sich dadurch erhöhen, daß die Außenwand mit einer strahlungsabsorbierenden Schicht und/oder einer durchsichtigen Scheibe, die entweder direkt auf das Element oder mit Abstand angeordnet sein kann, versehen wird.The efficiency with regard to the oil use of solar energy leaves increase in that the outer wall is covered with a radiation-absorbing layer and / or a transparent disc that is either directly on the element or can be spaced, is provided.

Ein Element, bei dem das Arbeitsmedium weggelassen wird, besitzt aufgrund seines Aufbaus (schräge Kammern, eventuell Vakuum) im Vergleich zu bekannten Elementen (Ziegeln etc.) ein gutes Wärmeisoliervermögen.An element in which the working medium is omitted has due to its structure (inclined chambers, possibly vacuum) compared to known elements (Bricks, etc.) have good thermal insulation properties.

Wird die Innenwand des Elements verstärkt ausgeführt (Abb.3), so kann es Kräfte aufnehmen (tragende Wand) und zur Wärmespeicherung dienen.If the inner wall of the element is made reinforced (Fig.3), then it absorb forces (load-bearing wall) and serve to store heat.

Das Element kann zur Berstellung von Wänden, Vormauerungen, Schrägd@chern etc. eingesetzt werden. Auch ein Einsatz in verfahrenstechnischen Prozessen zur Gewinnung unregelmäßig anfallender Abwärmemengen ist möglich.The element can be used to create walls, facing walls, sloping roofs etc. can be used. Can also be used in process engineering processes Extraction of irregularly accumulating waste heat is possible.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielbaren Vorteile bestehen bei der Anwendung im Baubereich insbesondere darin, daß neben einer guten Wärmeisolation auch die Lutzung der Sonnenenergie ermöglicht wird. Weitere Vorteile sind darin zu @ehen, daß das Element aus herkör@lichen Baustoffen in Form von Platten oder Ziegeln hergestellt werden karl (keine architektonischen Schwierigkeiten, leichte Verarbeitung). Außerdem kann die Erfindung die Aufgaben (Witterungsschutz, Wärmeisolierung, Wärmespeicherung etc.), die bei der üblichen Bauweise erst durch nehrere Schichten erreicht werden, n.it einer.. einzigen Llement erfüllen. Beim Einsatz in verfahrenstechnischen Prozessen besteht der Vorteil darin, daß unregelmäßig anfallende Abwärmehengen genutzt werden können, ohne daßwie bei herkömmlichen Wärmetauschern, wenn die Abwärmeseite kälter als die Nutzungsseite ist- wieder Wärme verlorengeht.The advantages that can be achieved with the invention consist in the application in the construction sector, in particular, that in addition to good thermal insulation, the Use of solar energy is made possible. Further advantages are to be @en, that the element is made from conventional building materials in the form of panels or bricks become karl (no architectural difficulties, easy processing). aside from that the invention can perform the tasks (weather protection, thermal insulation, heat storage etc.), which with the usual construction method can only be achieved through several layers, meet with a single llement. When used in process engineering processes the advantage is that irregular waste heat quantities are used can, without as with conventional heat exchangers, when the waste heat side is colder when the use side is - again heat is lost.

Abb. 2 zeigt die Anwendung der Erfindung in Form eines Ziegels, der entweder zur Vormauerung oder zur Herstellung einer Wand selbst verwendet werden kann.Fig. 2 shows the application of the invention in the form of a brick, the can be used either for brickwork or to make a wall itself can.

Abb. 3 stellt die Anwendung der Erfindung mit verstärkter Innenwand, die zur Aufnahme von Kräften bzw. zur Wärmespeicherung dient, dar.Fig. 3 shows the application of the invention with a reinforced inner wall, which serves to absorb forces or to store heat.

Claims (6)

Patentansprüche 1.) Niand-, Fassaden-, Dach- oder Trennelement, dadurch gekennzeichnet, das es bei bestimmten Temperaturverhältnissen in einer Richtung einen geringen und in der anderen Richtung einen hohen Wärmewiderstand aufweist, -daß es bei Überschreiten einer bestimmten Temperatur in beide Richtungen einen hohen Wärmewiderstand besitzt, -daß es aus parallelen, vorzugsweise schräg angeordneten Kammern besteht, die mit einem -teils flüssigen,teils gasförmigen- Arbeitsmedium gefüllt sind, -und daß es in Platten- oder Ziegelform aus beliebigen Materialien hergestellt werden kann.Claims 1.) Niand, facade, roof or partition element, thereby marked that it goes in one direction under certain temperature conditions has a low thermal resistance and a high thermal resistance in the other direction, -that when a certain temperature is exceeded there is one in both directions has high thermal resistance, -that it consists of parallel, preferably inclined There are chambers with a-partly liquid, partly gaseous- working medium are filled, -and that it is in plate or brick form made of any material can be produced. 2.) Element nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Temperaturhöhe, bei der der hohe Wärmewiderstand in beiden Dichtungen eintritt, durch Verändern des xanimerdruckes mittels entsprechender Anordnungen (Puinpen, Ventile etc.) während des Betriebs verstellt erden kann.2.) Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature level, in which the high thermal resistance occurs in both seals, by changing of the xanimer pressure by means of appropriate arrangements (Puinpen, valves etc.) during of the operation can be misplaced. 3.) Element nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch das Weglassen des Arbeitsmediums das Element vorwiegend zur Wärmeisolierung dient.3.) Element according to claim 1, characterized in that by the If the working medium is omitted, the element is primarily used for thermal insulation. 4.) Elenent nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daS in den Kammern des Elements Vakuum herrscht.4.) element according to claim 3, characterized in that daS in the chambers of the element vacuum prevails. 5.) Element nach Anspruch 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es auf der Außenseite mit einer strahlungsabsorbierenden Schicht und/oder ilit einer durchsichtigen Scheibe, die' direkt auf das Element oder mit Abstand ufgebracht ist, versehen ist.5.) Element according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that it on the outside with a radiation-absorbing layer and / or with one transparent disk that is attached directly to the element or at a distance is provided. 6.) Element nach Anspruch 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Innenwand des Elements verstrkt ist, und dadurch Kräfte aufnehmen und als Wärme speicher dienen kann.6.) Element according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the Inner wall of the element is reinforced, and thereby absorb forces and act as heat memory can serve.
DE19843440766 1984-11-08 1984-11-08 Wall, facade, roof or partitioning element Withdrawn DE3440766A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843440766 DE3440766A1 (en) 1984-11-08 1984-11-08 Wall, facade, roof or partitioning element

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843440766 DE3440766A1 (en) 1984-11-08 1984-11-08 Wall, facade, roof or partitioning element

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE3440766A1 true DE3440766A1 (en) 1986-05-07

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE19843440766 Withdrawn DE3440766A1 (en) 1984-11-08 1984-11-08 Wall, facade, roof or partitioning element

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE3440766A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19746187A1 (en) * 1997-10-18 1998-04-30 Arnfried Abraham Heat insulating system for window frames

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19746187A1 (en) * 1997-10-18 1998-04-30 Arnfried Abraham Heat insulating system for window frames

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