DE3433380A1 - Intake angle valve for controlling the stratified charge of the spark ignition engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The intake angle valve is built into the cylinder head in addition to the intake valve. The piston draws fresh air free of fuel through the intake angle valve and fuel-rich mixture through the intake valve. The intake angle valve comprises an angular mushroom valve with guide sleeve and rotary mechanism (Fig. 1), by means of which the intake angle valve, after opening, is turned about its shank axis. On closing, it is turned back into its starting position. The fresh air flows through the angular valve disc at a tangent into the cylinder and the mixture flows through the intake valve into the centre of the cylinder. A concentric stratification is produced by swirling of static mixture with rotating fresh air. The thermal stressing of cylinder wall and piston decreases and the energy dissipation by way of these parts is reduced to the benefit of the mechanically utilisable energy. Combustion occurs continuously from the centre of the combustion chamber outwards and reduces the wear even at high compression ratios. From the outset the formation of nitrogen oxides is reduced by this method of combustion. <IMAGE>

Description

description

Title:

Inlet angle valve to control the stratified charge of the gasoline engine.

Field of use:

The invention relates to an inlet angle valve, which is in addition to the existing inlet valve, to improve the stratification the cylinder charge contributes and a controlled Swirling of the stratified charge enables.

State of
i-technology:

There are stratified charge engines with split and undivided combustion chambers. With both versions is added to the lean mixture near the spark plug by an injection valve Fuel supplied to improve the ignitability of the mixture.

Criticism of the

ötandes

of the technique:

With direct injection, the injection nozzle is exposed to high temperatures and pressures. This leads to a high susceptibility to failure of the injection system. The stratified charge engine needed In addition, a system for processing the lean mixture.

It does not aim at a heat-insulating, fuel-free Irish air flow in parallel to the cylinder wall.

Task:

The additional inlet angle valve is supposed to control the gas exchange of the stratified charge engine control that energy losses through heat dissipation through the cylinder walls and the piston crown be reduced.

The proportion of the gas work delivered to the piston should increase. The emission of Nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons should be reduced.

Through evenly progressive combustion from the fuel-rich to the lean Layers should improve the engine's anti-knock properties.

Solution: This task is solved by from the cylinder

fuel-rich mixture through the inlet valve and fuel-free fresh air the inlet angle valve are sucked in. Each of the two valves has its own suction line, which is behind the common Throttle valve begins, so that the same load-dependent gas density in both intake lines prevails.

Wur the intake line to the intake valve is carburetted or injected with fuel provided. During the injection by pre-storing fuel at the inlet valve there is no need to separate the intake paths of the inlet valve and inlet angle valve.

The inlet valve is structurally unchanged. It should be close to the center of the combustion chamber be placed (-Fig. 5)

The inlet angle valve consists of an angled mushroom valve with a guide sleeve. And Rotary mechanism (Fig. 1). It can be prefabricated as a valve set and inserted into a corresponding hole screwed into the cylinder head. The valve head of the inlet elbow valve is Depending on the shape of the combustion chamber, it is angled by approx. 20 degrees compared to the known valves. A mechanism on the valve stem causes the inlet angle valve ■ to open indirectly offset in rotation about the valve stem axis (Fig. 4). The rotation comes at the end of the valve stroke comes to a standstill and is then approx. 45 degrees.

A change in the angle of the valve disk or the shape of the combustion chamber also changes the number of degrees of valve rotation. When closing, the inlet angle valve turned back to its original position by spring pressure. The inlet angle valve spring affects the stroke and rotation of the valve.

By rotating the inlet angle valve in the open state, the angled Valve plate a wide passage for an unhindered supply of fresh air, in the cylinder (Fig. 2)

The inlet angle valve is placed in the cylinder head so that the fresh air flows tangentially into the cylinder {Flg. 5). It is set in rotation by its flow speed and the resulting centrifugal force when it enters the cylinder. At the same time, fuel-rich mixture flows through the intake valve into the center of the cylinder. The mixture first swirls in the boundary layers with the rotating fresh air.

At the time of ignition, there is a fuel-rich, ignitable mixture in the center of the combustion chamber, the concentric stratification of which is becoming increasingly leaner towards the outside and in the area the cylinder wall is fuel-free. During the combustion, the turbulence occurs further accelerated. Remnants of the Irish air remain on the cylinder wall and become the Part of the rising hot combustion gases on the cylinder wall down to the piston crown pressed.

The exhaust gas is discharged through the exhaust valve.

Achievable There are always advantages in the center of the combustion chamber: a fuel-rich, ignitable mixture.

The mixture is swirled outwards in the direction of the cylinder wall by the turbulence with the itischluft leaner.

The combustion takes place continuously from the center of the combustion chamber to the outside and prevents it Knocking and wear even with high compression.

Since the turbulence of the mixture and fresh air does not hit the cylinder wall at all points and the piston crown before the end of the work process reached, these parts are only indirectly heated by the combustion gases. The thermal load on the cylinder wall and the piston is reduced.

The reduced energy outflow over these parts leads to an increased gas work, which for the Part can be converted into usable mechanical work. Because of the stable combustion Starting from the center, pollutant emissions (hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides) decrease.

Further The inlet angle valve opens and closes possibilities: a few degrees before the inlet valve. Through this

is better cylinder flushing with Irish air, i. H. without fuel loss, possible. The later closing of the inlet valve caused in this way leads to a increased recharging with mixture at the expense of the! fresh air.

Therefore, as the engine speed increases, the mixture must gradually become lean, because its share increases across the entire cylinder charge. The increased recharge with mixture at Increasing speeds is also necessary because despite the greater flow velocity the fresh air does not have enough time to! fresh air and mixture optimally to swirl.

In the diesel engine, the inlet angle valve can be used instead of the inlet valve for a strong, provide a desirable swirling of the sucked in air.

The engine's performance can be increased by further separating the fresh air and mixture supply can be achieved by load-independent * pending, i.e. without throttling, fresh air is sucked in from the cylinder via the inlet angle valve is and the mixture of. a compressor in the amount depending on the load via the inlet valve is pushed into the cylinder. The opening time of the inlet valve should, depending on the design of the compressor pressure, behind that of the inlet elbow valve so as not to cause the suction of Irish air by the piston to be too early through the supply of mixture through the compressor, so that a high loading result is possible will.

Through the volume regulation of the mixture by the compressor, with unchanged Irish air supply, a qualitative regulation of the cylinder filling is given.

The rotation of part of the fresh air in the The cylinder acts as a heat-insulating layer between the cylinder wall, piston and the burning one Mixture. The improved cylinder flushing leads to the thermal relief of the cylinder head and valves. Due to these two facts, there is the possibility of engine cooling by means of To do without water or air and to use a thermostat-controlled engine oil cooling. The warm-up phase with the known energy losses and pollutant emissions would be due to the reduced cylinder head mass and the faster heating of the engine oil is significantly reduced.

During the cold start phase, the inlet angle valve In addition to the! fresh air, exhaust gas to preheat the! fresh air to the cylinder are fed.

Claims (9)

Patent claims preamble: Inlet angle valve for controlling the stratified charge of the gasoline engine. Identifying parts: Identified by the fact that 1. Mixture and! Fresh air separated from the cylinder be sucked in, 2. For this reason, the cylinder head has an intake angle valve in addition to the intake valve is equipped 3. Fuel-rich mixture through the inlet valve is sucked in by the cylinder and! fresh air tangentially through the inlet angle valve is sucked in by the cylinder and continues to rotate on the cylinder wall, 4. Mixture and fresh air partly swirl together during compression and combustion, 5. the inlet angle valve with guide sleeve and rotating mechanism as a valve set (Fig. 1) is to be seen 6. The inlet elbow valve assembly is screwed into a prepared bore in the cylinder head and the cone of the sleeve seals the valve set against the combustion chamber wall, 7 the plate of the inlet angle valve is angled, 8. The inlet angle valve turns around its shaft axis when opened by a rotating mechanism turns and turns back to its starting position when closing, 9. Directional flow due to the rotation of the inlet elbow valve during opening the fresh air supply into the cylinder is possible